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MSystems Mar 2024Skin microbiome can be altered in patients with atopic dermatitis (AD). An understanding of the changes from healthy to atopic skin can help develop new targets for...
Skin microbiome can be altered in patients with atopic dermatitis (AD). An understanding of the changes from healthy to atopic skin can help develop new targets for treatment by identifying microbial and molecular biomarkers. This study investigates the skin microbiome and metabolome of healthy adult subjects and lesion (ADL) and non-lesion (ADNL) of AD patients by 16S rRNA gene sequencing and mass spectrometry, respectively. Samples from AD patients showed alterations in the diversity and composition of the skin microbiome, with ADL skin having the greatest divergence. species, especially , were significantly increased in AD patients. Metabolomic profiles were also different between the groups. Dipeptide derivatives are more abundant in ADL, which may be related to skin inflammation. Co-occurrence network analysis of the microbiome and metabolomics data revealed higher co-occurrence of metabolites and bacteria in healthy ADNL compared to ADL. co-occurred with dipeptide derivatives in ADL, while phytosphingosine-derived compounds showed co-occurrences with commensal bacteria, for example sp., sp., , , sp., sp., , , , and , in healthy and ADNL groups. Therefore, these findings provide valuable insights into how AD affects the human skin metabolome and microbiome.IMPORTANCEThis study provides valuable insight into changes in the skin microbiome and associated metabolomic profiles in an adult population with mild to moderate atopic dermatitis. It also identifies new therapeutic targets that may be useful for developing personalized treatments for individuals with atopic dermatitis based on their unique skin microbiome and metabolic profiles.
Topics: Adult; Humans; Dermatitis, Atopic; Staphylococcus aureus; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Microbiota; Metabolome; Bacteria; Dipeptides
PubMed: 38319107
DOI: 10.1128/msystems.01119-23 -
Journal of Oleo Science 2024The effects of microwave drying conditions of a Paracoccus carotinifaciens culture solution on astaxanthin Z-isomerization and degradation were investigated. The...
The effects of microwave drying conditions of a Paracoccus carotinifaciens culture solution on astaxanthin Z-isomerization and degradation were investigated. The microwave drying significantly increase the ratio of astaxanthin Z-isomers, and the higher the microwave power and the longer the drying time, the higher the total Z-isomer ratio of astaxanthin, but such conditions also accelerated astaxanthin degradation. We found that the addition of powdered oils enhanced the Z-isomerization reaction. For example, when the P. carotinifaciens culture solution was dried at 1000 W power for 5 min without and with powdered rapeseed oil, total Z-isomer ratios of astaxanthin in resulting dried powder were 14.9 and 47.4%, respectively. Furthermore, the storage test of the dried P. carotinifaciens powder showed that astaxanthin Z- isomers were stable at 4℃ in a low-oxygen atmosphere. As astaxanthin Z-isomers have greater bioavailability and potentially exhibit superior biological activities than the all-E-isomer, the dried P. carotinifaciens powder obtained by the method of this study is expected to be used as a value-added astaxanthin source.
Topics: Isomerism; Microwaves; Powders; Paracoccus; Xanthophylls
PubMed: 38311406
DOI: 10.5650/jos.ess23093 -
Journal of Environmental Management Feb 2024Insufficient carbon source has become the main limiting factor for efficient nitrogen removal in wastewater treatment. In this study, an intermittently-aerated activated...
Insufficient carbon source has become the main limiting factor for efficient nitrogen removal in wastewater treatment. In this study, an intermittently-aerated activated sludge system with iron-chitosan (Fe-CS) beads addition was proposed for nitrogen removal from low C/N wastewater. By adding Fe-CS beads, partial nitrification-denitrification (PND) process and significant enrichment of Paracoccus (with ability of iron reduction/ammonium oxidation/aerobic denitrification) were observed in the reactor. The accumulation rate of NO-N reached 81.9 %, and the total nitrogen removal efficiency was improved to 93.9 % by shortening the aeration time. The higher activity of ammonium oxidizing bacteria and inhibited activity of nitrite-oxidizing bacteria in Fe-CS assisted system mediated the occurrence of PND. In contrast, the traditional nitrification and denitrification process occurred in the control group. The high-throughput sequencing analysis and metagenomic results confirmed that the addition of Fe-CS induced 77.8 % and 54.9 % enrichment of Paracoccus in sludge and Fe-CS beads, respectively, while almost no enrichment was observed in control group. Furthermore, with the addition of Fe-CS beads, the expression of genes related to outer membrane porin, cytochrome c, and TCA was strengthened, thereby enhancing the electron transport of Fe(Ⅱ) (electron donor) and Fe(Ⅲ) (electron acceptor) with pollutants in the periplasm. This study provides new insights into the direct enrichment of iron-reducing bacteria and its PND performance induced by the Fe-CS bead addition. It therefore offers an appealing strategy for low C/N wastewater treatment.
Topics: Nitrification; Sewage; Denitrification; Chitosan; Iron; Paracoccus; Bioreactors; Bacteria; Ammonium Compounds; Oxidation-Reduction; Nitrogen
PubMed: 38295644
DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.120189 -
Heliyon Jan 2024The cotton mealybug, Tinsley and papaya mealybug, Williams and Granara de Willink (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) are becoming major threats to the production of R. Br....
The cotton mealybug, Tinsley and papaya mealybug, Williams and Granara de Willink (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) are becoming major threats to the production of R. Br. (Asclepiadaceae) in India. Management mainly depends on chemical insecticides which cause a serious problem of pesticide residue and insecticide resistance. The use of biorational insecticides such as biopesticides, botanicals, insect growth regulators, and microbial insecticides is important components of an Integrated Pest Management (IPM) program for successful management. We evaluated the bio-efficacy of twelve biorational insecticides, including entomopathogenic fungi (EPF), using the leaf spray method in laboratory conditions at 25 ± 1 °C, 70 % ± 5 % RH. The results revealed that the highest percent mortality was recorded by acetamiprid 20 % SP (100.00 %), followed by azadirachtin (98.27 %), (2 × 10 spores/mL) (85.70 %) and leaf extract (76.87 %) at 120 h after treatment (HAT) in . In , 100.00 %, 96.39 % and 85.67 % and 74.90 % mortalities were achieved by acetamiprid 20 % SP, azadirachtin, (2 × 10 spores/mL) and leaf extract, respectively, at 120 HAT during the first spray. Various biorational insecticides showed a more or less similar trend of percent mortality in both species during the second spray. In both species, the lowest percent mortality was recorded by leaf extract (46.29, 44.54) and (41.03, 46.39) at 120 Hours after treatment in the first and second spray, respectively. It was concluded that all the prescribed treatments are more effective than the control. Overall, azadirachtin recorded the highest percent mortality after acetamiprid and had the shortest LT (12.52 h) and (13.87 h) values in and , respectively. Our study emphasizes that biopesticides like Azadirachtin 1 % EC (10000 ppm), (2 × 10 spores/mL) (5 mL/L) and leaf extract (5 %) may be recommended as alternatives to synthetic insecticides. Botanicals and EPF would be the most effective approach for sustainable integrated management of and in the ecosystem.
PubMed: 38187271
DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e23648 -
The Science of the Total Environment Mar 2024Autotrophic denitrification (AD) without carbon source is an inevitable choice for denitrification of municipal wastewater under the carbon peaking and carbon neutrality...
Autotrophic denitrification (AD) without carbon source is an inevitable choice for denitrification of municipal wastewater under the carbon peaking and carbon neutrality goals. This study first employed sulfur-tourmaline-AD (STAD) as an innovative nitrate removal trial technique in wastewater. STAD demonstrated a 2.23-fold increase in nitrate‑nitrogen (NO-N) removal rate with reduced nitrite‑nitrogen (NO-N) accumulation, effectively removing 99 % of nitrogen pollutants compared to sulfur denitrification. Some denitrifiers microorganisms that could secrete tyrosine, tryptophan, and aromatic protein (extracellular polymeric substances (EPS)). Moreover, according to the EPS composition and characteristics analysis, the secretion of loosely bound extracellular polymeric substances (LB-EPS) that bound to the bacterial endogenous respiration and enriched microbial abundance, was produced more in the STAD system, further improving the system stability. Furthermore, the addition of tourmaline (Tm) facilitated the discovery of a new genus (Paracoccus) that enhanced nitrate decomposition. Applying optimal electron donors through metabolic pathways and the microbial community helps to strengthen the AD process and treat low carbon/nitrogen ratio wastewater efficiently.
Topics: Wastewater; Denitrification; Nitrates; Electrons; Sulfur; Nitrogen; Carbon; Bioreactors; Silicates
PubMed: 38185169
DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.169847 -
MSystems Feb 2024A genome scale metabolic model of the bacterium has been constructed. The model containing 972 metabolic genes, 1,371 reactions, and 1,388 unique metabolites has been...
A genome scale metabolic model of the bacterium has been constructed. The model containing 972 metabolic genes, 1,371 reactions, and 1,388 unique metabolites has been reconstructed. The model was used to carry out quantitative predictions of biomass yields on 10 different carbon sources under aerobic conditions. Yields on C1 compounds suggest that formate is oxidized by a formate dehydrogenase O, which uses ubiquinone as redox co-factor. The model also predicted the threshold methanol/mannitol uptake ratio, above which ribulose biphosphate carboxylase has to be expressed in order to optimize biomass yields. Biomass yields on acetate, formate, and succinate, when NO is used as electron acceptor, were also predicted correctly. The model reconstruction revealed the capability of to grow on several non-conventional substrates such as adipic acid, 1,4-butanediol, 1,3-butanediol, and ethylene glycol. The capacity to grow on these substrates was tested experimentally, and the experimental biomass yields on these substrates were accurately predicted by the model.IMPORTANCE has been broadly used as a model denitrifying organism. It grows on a large portfolio of carbon sources, under aerobic and anoxic conditions. These characteristics, together with its amenability to genetic manipulations, make a promising cell factory for industrial biotechnology. This paper presents and validates the first functional genome-scale metabolic model for , which is a key tool to enable as a platform for metabolic engineering and industrial biotechnology. Optimization of the biomass yield led to accurate predictions in a broad scope of substrates.
Topics: Paracoccus denitrificans; Bacteria; Oxidation-Reduction; Carbon; Formates
PubMed: 38180324
DOI: 10.1128/msystems.01077-23 -
Preparative Biochemistry & Biotechnology Jul 2024In this study, we tried to explore the influence of various tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle intermediates on carotenoid production and with a focus on enhancing pigment...
In this study, we tried to explore the influence of various tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle intermediates on carotenoid production and with a focus on enhancing pigment biosynthesis, we conducted two statistical analysis. In case of TCA intermediates influence on pigment production by RSPO1; fumaric acid, and malic acid were observed as potent enhancers of pigment biosynthesis. Further, to optimize key media components for enhanced carotenoid production, the Plackett-Burman design was employed encompassing carbon, nitrogen sources, TCA cycle intermediates, and metal salts. The selected factors after Plackett Burman were fine-tuned through Response Surface Methodology and the optimal concentrations that have remarkably elevated carotenoid production were starch-2.24 g/l, MgSO-0.416 g/l, ZnSO-0.0157 g/l, and fumaric Acid-16 mM. Further, evaluation of pigment cytotoxicity against normal (Vero) and Non-Small Cell Carcinoma (A549) cells was performed. The resultant IC values were quantified as 161.3 µg/ml and 7.623 µg/ml for Vero and A549 cells, respectively. Moreover, a reactive oxygen species (ROS) determination study in A549 cells was done which have shown a noteworthy threefold ROS production in A549 cells through fluorescence spectroscopic observation. This implies that the bacterial carotenoids can act as potent pro-oxidants against cancerous cells while being nontoxic toward normal cells.
Topics: Chlorocebus aethiops; Animals; Humans; A549 Cells; Vero Cells; Carotenoids; Paracoccus; Culture Media; Reactive Oxygen Species
PubMed: 38165781
DOI: 10.1080/10826068.2023.2282533 -
Archives of Microbiology Dec 2023Duckweed has been highlighted as an invaluable resource because of its abilities to remove nitrogen and phosphorus from wastewater coupling with the production of high...
Duckweed has been highlighted as an invaluable resource because of its abilities to remove nitrogen and phosphorus from wastewater coupling with the production of high starch/protein-containing plant biomass. Duckweed recruits microbes and particularly forms a stable "core" bacterial microbiota, which greatly reduces the colonization efficiency of plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB). In this study, natural duckweeds were enriched in a sterilized-partially treated wastewater effluent from a poultry farm. After 24 days of cultivation, the duckweed-associated bacteria (DAB) were isolated and evaluated for their plant growth-promoting (PGP) potentials by co-cultivation with axenic Spirodela polyrhiza. Ten species were found in more than one location and could be considered candidates for the stable "core" DAB. Among them, all isolates of Acinetobacter soli, Acidovorax kalamii, Brevundimonas vesicularis, Pseudomonas toyotomiensis, and Shinella curvata increased duckweed growth in Hoagland medium. The highest PGP ability was observed in Sh. curvata W12-8 (with EPG value of 208.72%), followed by Paracoccus marcusii W7-16 (171.31%), Novosphingobium subterraneum W5-13 (156.96%), and Ac. kalamii W7-18 (156.96%). However, the highest growth promotion in the wastewater was observed when co-cultured with W7-16, which was able to increase biomass dry weight and root length of duckweed by 3.17 and 2.26 folds, respectively.
Topics: Animals; Araceae; Farms; Poultry; Wastewater
PubMed: 38148332
DOI: 10.1007/s00203-023-03778-4 -
Fish & Shellfish Immunology Feb 2024In recent years, a substantial number of studies have been dedicated to exploring the potential benefits of probiotics in aquaculture. Rhodobacter sphaeroides can be...
In recent years, a substantial number of studies have been dedicated to exploring the potential benefits of probiotics in aquaculture. Rhodobacter sphaeroides can be used in aquaculture-related environmental bioremediation, and its protein is also used as a feed additive in Penaeus vannamei culture. To investigate the effects of releasing R. sphaeroides as environmental probiotics on P. vannamei, we employed 16S rRNA gene and mRNA transcriptome sequencing. Our study focused on assessing alterations in intestinal bacteria and intestinal gene expression in P. vannamei, establishing correlations between them. Our findings revealed a significant increase in the relative abundances of Rhodobacter, Paracoccus, Sulfitobacter, and other bacterial OTUs within the intestinal bacterial community. Additionally, we observed enhanced complexity and stability in the intestinal bacterial correlation network, indicating improved synergy among bacteria and reduced competition. Moreover, the introduction of R. sphaeroides resulted in the down-regulation of certain immune genes and the up-regulation of genes linked to growth and metabolism in the intestinal tissues of P. vannamei. Importantly, we identified a noteworthy correlation between the changes in intestinal bacteria and these alterations in intestinal tissue gene expressions. By conducting analyses of the intestinal bacterial community and intestinal tissue transcriptome, this study revealed the effects of releasing R. sphaeroides as sediment probiotics in P. vannamei culture water. These results serve as vital scientific references for the application of R. sphaeroides in P. vannamei aquaculture.
Topics: Animals; Transcriptome; Rhodobacter sphaeroides; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Aquaculture; Probiotics; Penaeidae
PubMed: 38142021
DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2023.109316 -
Bioresource Technology Feb 2024Biochar has demonstrated the potential in mitigating NO emissions during composting. However, little is known about how microbial communities on biochar particles...
Relationships between different types of biochar and NO emissions during composting based on roles of nosZ-carrying denitrifying bacterial communities enriched on compost and biochar particles.
Biochar has demonstrated the potential in mitigating NO emissions during composting. However, little is known about how microbial communities on biochar particles interact with NO emissions. This study selected three types of biochar (corn stalk biochar (CSB), rape straw biochar (RSB), and bamboo charcoal (BC)) to investigate the relationship between NO emissions and denitrifying bacterial communities on compost and biochar particles. The results showed that NO emissions rate were higher in the thermophilic phase, and the average emissions rate of BC treatment were lower 40% and 26% than CSB and RSB, respectively. The nosZ-carrying denitrifying bacterial community played a key role in reducing NO emissions, and the network indicated that Rhizobium and Paracoccus on compost particles may have played major roles in reducing NO emissions, but only Paracoccus on biochar particles. Notably, BC enhanced the efficiency of NO emission reduction by enhancing the abundance of these key genera.
Topics: Denitrification; Charcoal; Composting; Nitrous Oxide; Soil; Bacteria; Soil Microbiology
PubMed: 38122996
DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2023.130214