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Pediatric Radiology Apr 2024Pediatric lung infections continue to be a leading cause of pediatric morbidity and mortality. Although both pediatric and general radiologists are familiar with typical... (Review)
Review
Pediatric lung infections continue to be a leading cause of pediatric morbidity and mortality. Although both pediatric and general radiologists are familiar with typical lung infections and their imaging findings in children, relatively rare lung infections continue to present a diagnostic challenge. In addition, the advances in radiological imaging and emergence of several new lung infections in recent years facilitated the need for up-to-date knowledge on this topic. In this review article, we discuss the imaging findings of pediatric lung infections caused by unusual/uncommon and new pathogens. We review the epidemiological, clinical, and radiological imaging findings of viral (coronavirus disease 2019, Middle East respiratory syndrome, bird flu), bacterial (Streptococcus anginosus, Francisella tularensis, Chlamydia psittaci), and parasitic lung infections (echinococcosis, paragonimiasis, amoebiasis). Additional disorders whose clinical course and imaging findings may mimic lung infections in children (hypersensitivity pneumonitis, pulmonary hemorrhage, eosinophilic pneumonia) are also presented, to aid in differential diagnosis. As the clinical presentation of children with new and unusual lung infections is often non-specific, imaging evaluation plays an important role in initial detection, follow-up for disease progression, and assessment of potential complications.
Topics: Child; Humans; Lung; Pneumonia; COVID-19; Lung Diseases; Thorax
PubMed: 38097820
DOI: 10.1007/s00247-023-05818-z -
Iranian Journal of Parasitology 2023is a genus of parasitic flatworms known as lung flukes that cause the parasitic disease paragonimiasis in humans and other mammals. We aimed to use bibliometric...
BACKGROUND
is a genus of parasitic flatworms known as lung flukes that cause the parasitic disease paragonimiasis in humans and other mammals. We aimed to use bibliometric analysis to identify the global characteristics and temporal trends of published literature about paragonimiasis.
METHODS
Using the Web of Science database, we identified all original articles on paragonimiasis 1997 to 2022. After collecting the bibliographic and citation data, keywords, citation networks, and co-citations pertaining to paragonimiasis was carried out using the VOSviewer program.
RESULTS
The study identified 563 paragonimiasis articles published in 250 journals. Publications in paragonimiasis research have been cited 6190 times and 2803 times without self-citations. The years with the most publications were 2013, 2016, and 2021. The minimal threshold for analysis was met by 19 of the 52 countries investigated. The study included 19 items, yielding 170 links between countries. The total strength of these links was discovered to be 104772. The journal with the most publications in this category was Parasitology Research (n=31). The most frequently used terms in paragonimiasis study were "paragonimiasis", "", and "lung-fluke."
CONCLUSION
The study concluded by providing an overview of the paragonimiasis research field, including current trends, development, and researcher collaboration. By addressing gaps in this bibliometric analysis and increasing collaboration, stake-holders could strengthen their strategies to effectively combat paragonimiasis and improve public health outcomes.
PubMed: 37886253
DOI: 10.18502/ijpa.v18i3.13760 -
The Korean Journal of Gastroenterology... Oct 2023In Korea, the prevalence of paragonimiasis has decreased markedly since 1970 and is now rarely encountered. Although the lung is the primary site of paragonimiasis,...
In Korea, the prevalence of paragonimiasis has decreased markedly since 1970 and is now rarely encountered. Although the lung is the primary site of paragonimiasis, ectopic infestation can occur in other sites. The central nervous system is the most commonly involved ectopic site, accounting for only approximately 1% of all paragonimiasis patients. Therefore, the liver is an extremely rare site of ectopic infestation. The authors experienced the case of a 55-year-old female with hepatic paragonimiasis who presented with abdominal colicky pain.
Topics: Female; Humans; Middle Aged; Paragonimiasis; Liver; Abdominal Pain; Abdomen; Lung
PubMed: 37876259
DOI: 10.4166/kjg.2023.090 -
Internal Medicine (Tokyo, Japan) May 2024
Topics: Humans; Paragonimiasis; Omentum; Male; Animals
PubMed: 37813612
DOI: 10.2169/internalmedicine.2543-23 -
The Lancet. Infectious Diseases Oct 2023
Topics: Humans; Child; Paragonimiasis; Cough; Tuberculosis, Pulmonary; Lung Diseases, Parasitic
PubMed: 37775222
DOI: 10.1016/S1473-3099(23)00273-6 -
Medical Journal, Armed Forces India 2023A pulmonary nodule is a common radiological finding encountered in routine medical practice. It needs to be extensively evaluated as the differential diagnosis can range...
A pulmonary nodule is a common radiological finding encountered in routine medical practice. It needs to be extensively evaluated as the differential diagnosis can range from sinister malignancies to fully treatable infectious causes. Here, we present a rare case of pulmonary paragonimiasis presenting as pulmonary nodule. This case report aims to sensitise the medical practitioner regarding pulmonary paragonimiasis which is completely treatable but carries a high risk of being under diagnosed.
PubMed: 37719913
DOI: 10.1016/j.mjafi.2021.02.009 -
Scientific Reports Aug 2023Paragonimiasis is a zoonotic, food-borne trematode infection that affects 21 million people globally. Trematodes interact with their hosts via extracellular vesicles...
Paragonimiasis is a zoonotic, food-borne trematode infection that affects 21 million people globally. Trematodes interact with their hosts via extracellular vesicles (EV) that carry protein and RNA cargo. We analyzed EV in excretory-secretory products (ESP) released by Paragonimus kellicotti adult worms cultured in vitro (EV ESP) and EV isolated from lung cyst fluid (EV CFP) recovered from infected gerbils. The majority of EV were approximately 30-50 nm in diameter. We identified 548 P. kellicotti-derived proteins in EV ESP by mass spectrometry and 8 proteins in EV CFP of which 7 were also present in EV ESP. No parasite-derived proteins were reliably detected in EV isolated from plasma samples. A cysteine protease (MK050848, CP-6) was the most abundant protein found in EV CFP in all technical and biological replicates. Immunolocalization of CP-6 showed strong labeling in the tegument of P. kellicotti and in the adjacent cyst and lung tissue that contained worm eggs. It is likely that CP-6 present in EV is involved in parasite-host interactions. These results provide new insights into interactions between Paragonimus and their mammalian hosts, and they provide potential clues for development of novel diagnostic tools and treatments.
Topics: Animals; Proteome; Paragonimus; Cysts; Extracellular Vesicles; Gerbillinae; Lung
PubMed: 37608002
DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-39966-x -
The American Journal of Tropical... Nov 2023
Topics: Humans; Animals; Paragonimiasis; Pleural Effusion; Paragonimus
PubMed: 37549895
DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.23-0301 -
International Journal of Infectious... Oct 2023Pleural effusion caused by lung fluke is a rare etiology of exudative pleural effusion (EPE), which is often misdiagnosed or delayed. We aim to summarize the diagnosis...
OBJECTIVES
Pleural effusion caused by lung fluke is a rare etiology of exudative pleural effusion (EPE), which is often misdiagnosed or delayed. We aim to summarize the diagnosis and treatment course of EPE caused by lung fluke infection and put forward a practical diagnosis approach.
METHODS
We retrospectively analyzed the diagnosis and treatment of 14 cases of EPE caused by lung fluke infection diagnosed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay of serum antibodies or egg detection.
RESULTS
All patients (100%) with an absolute count of eosinophils in peripheral blood exceeded 0.5 × 10/l, and 10 patients (71.4%) had a history of special ingestion. Eosinophilic PE occurred in 11 patients (78.6%), pleural biopsy of medical thoracoscopic demonstrated eosinophils infiltration in nine patients (64.3%), and parasite eggs in one patient. All patients showed positive intradermal tests for Paragonimus-specific antigens and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay of serum antibodies to Paragonimus.
CONCLUSION
For patients with unexplained PE, lung fluke infection should be highly suspected when pleural fluid or pleural biopsy shows eosinophilic PE or eosinophils infiltration, especially for patients with certain diet history.
Topics: Animals; Humans; Retrospective Studies; Pleural Effusion; Paragonimiasis; Eosinophilia; Paragonimus; Antibodies; Lung
PubMed: 37507085
DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2023.07.013 -
ACS Infectious Diseases Aug 2023Being among the few last-resort antibiotics, colistin (COL) has been used to treat severe infectious diseases, such as those caused by multidrug-resistant Gram-negative...
Being among the few last-resort antibiotics, colistin (COL) has been used to treat severe infectious diseases, such as those caused by multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria (MDR GNB). However, the appearance of colistin-resistant (COL-R) GNB has been frequently reported. Therefore, novel antimicrobial strategies need to be urgently sought to address this resistance challenge. In the present study, antimicrobial drug screening conducted revealed that bithionol (BT), approved by the Food and Drug Administration and used as an anthelminthic drug for paragonimiasis, exhibited a synergistic antibacterial effect with COL. Clinically isolated COL-R GNB were used as candidates to evaluate the synergistic antibacterial activity. The results revealed that BT could significantly reverse the sensitivity of COL-R GNB to COL. Furthermore, the combined application of BT and COL can reduce bacterial biofilm formation and have a scavenging effect on the mature biofilm . The damage caused to the bacterial cell membrane integrity by the BT/COL combination was observed under a fluorescence microscope. The fluorescence intensity of reactive oxygen species also increased in the experimental group. The BT/COL combination also exhibited a synergistic antibacterial effect . Importantly, BT was confirmed to be safe at the highest concentrations that exerted synergistic effects on all tested strains. In conclusion, our findings demonstrated that BT exerted synergistic antimicrobial and anti-biofilm effects when combined with COL against MDR organisms, especially COL-R GNB, and . The findings thus provide a reference for the clinical response to the serious challenge of MDR GNB and the exploitation of the potential antibacterial activities of existing clinical non-antibacterial drugs.
Topics: United States; Colistin; Bithionol; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial; Klebsiella pneumoniae
PubMed: 37458689
DOI: 10.1021/acsinfecdis.3c00257