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Beijing Da Xue Xue Bao. Yi Xue Ban =... Aug 2023To explore the relationship between gut microbiota and chronic radiation enteritis of cervical cancer patients.
OBJECTIVE
To explore the relationship between gut microbiota and chronic radiation enteritis of cervical cancer patients.
METHODS
Fecal samples were collected from 34 patients with cervical cancer who had received radiotherapy for at least 6 months but less than 2 years. The patients were divi-ded into mild toxicity group (mild, M) with no symptoms or mild symptoms and severe toxicity group (severe, S) with severe symptoms by clinical diagnosis of radiation enteritis, modified inflammatory bo-wel disease questionnaire (IBDQ) and Vaizey questionnaire. DNA extracted from fecal samples was sequenced and analyzed by 16S rRNA sequencing method. The analysis indexes included α-diversity, β-diversity, taxonomic composition analysis, taxonomic hierarchy tree and linear discriminant analysis (LDA) effect size (LEfSe).
RESULTS
From the perspective of species diversity, most indices of α diversity in group M were higher than those in group S. Although there was no significant difference, it also indicated a correlation between low species diversity and severity of intestinal symptoms to some extent. There was also a significant difference in the distribution of β diversity between the two groups, indicating that the microbial characteristics were different between the two groups. From the perspective of species composition, the M group had higher Firmicutes [66.5% (M) . 56.0% (S)] and lower Proteobacteria [4.1% (M) . 13.9% (S)] than the S group at the level of phyla. At the level of genus, there were also significant differences between the two groups: [2.7% (M) . 8.5% (S)], [7.0% (M) . 2.7% (S)], Lachnospiraceae_ [1.3% (M) . 4.7% (S)]. Through LEfSe also found some species with statistically significant differences between the two groups. The abundance of and in group M was significantly higher, while the abundance of Veillonellaceae, Rhodobacteraceae, and Rhodobacterales in group S was significantly higher. The taxonomic hierarchy tree also intuitively showed the difference in species composition between the two groups at each taxonomic level in space.
CONCLUSION
The severity of chronic radiation enteritis of cervical cancer is closely related to the characteristics and composition of gut microbiota.
Topics: Female; Humans; Gastrointestinal Microbiome; Bacteria; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Enteritis; Inflammatory Bowel Diseases; Radiation Injuries
PubMed: 37534641
DOI: 10.19723/j.issn.1671-167X.2023.04.008 -
Scientific Reports Aug 2023Pressure injuries (PI) are a common issue among individuals with spinal cord injury (SCI), especially in the sitting areas of the body. Considering the risk of...
Pressure injuries (PI) are a common issue among individuals with spinal cord injury (SCI), especially in the sitting areas of the body. Considering the risk of infections occurring to PI during the wound healing process, the skin microbiome is likely to be a source of bacteria. We investigated the relationship between skin and PI microbiomes, and assessed any correlation with clinically relevant outcomes related to PI. Samples were isolated from SCI patients undergoing reconstructive surgery of PI, severity grades III and IV. DNA samples from skin and PI were analysed using 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Our results showed disparities in microbiome composition between skin and PI. The skin had lower diversity, while PI showed increased bacterial homogeneity as the severity grade progressed. The skin bacterial composition varied based on its location, influenced by Cutibacterium. Compositional differences were identified between PI grades III and IV, with clusters of bacteria colonizing PI, characterized by Pseudomonas, Proteus and Peptoniphilus. The skin and PI microbiomes were not affected by the level of the SCI. Our study highlights the differences in the microbiome of skin and PI in SCI patients. These findings could be used to target specific bacteria for PI treatment in clinical practice.
Topics: Humans; Pressure Ulcer; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Skin; Spinal Cord Injuries; Microbiota; Bacteria
PubMed: 37532801
DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-39519-2 -
Cureus Jun 2023Mastitis and breast abscesses are most common in lactating women but can also be observed in non-lactating women, adolescent girls, and neonates. However, breast...
A Case of Pediatric Breast Abscess Caused by Rarely Observed Bacteria in a Three-Year-Old Boy With an Inverted Nipple: Peptoniphilus harei, Actinotignum sanguinis, and Porphyromonas somerae.
Mastitis and breast abscesses are most common in lactating women but can also be observed in non-lactating women, adolescent girls, and neonates. However, breast abscesses are extremely rare in young boys. Herein, we report the case of a three-year-old boy with a swollen and painful right nipple, later diagnosed with a breast abscess. In this case, we suspected that the patient's inverted nipple was the possible site of the infection. To our best knowledge, this is the first case report of breast abscess in a young boy after the neonatal period. Although is the most common pathogen, our patient showed three rare bacteria, namely, , , and , in the culture of the aspirated pus. Furthermore, this case study is the first report of a breast abscess caused by .
PubMed: 37519494
DOI: 10.7759/cureus.41011 -
Microbes and Environments 2023The umbilicus accumulates more dirt than other body surfaces and is difficult to clean. Hygiene in this area is vital, particularly for surgery, because of its proximity...
The umbilicus accumulates more dirt than other body surfaces and is difficult to clean. Hygiene in this area is vital, particularly for surgery, because of its proximity to the laparotomy site. Although microorganisms in the umbilicus have been extensively examined, those in umbilical dirt have not due to the lack of an efficient method of collection. We previously established a technique to extract umbilical dirt using the anchor effect of polymers, which are injected into the umbilicus. In the present study, we applied this technique for the first time to investigate umbilical dirt. The results obtained revealed an abundance of Corynebacterium among various bacteria, whereas Cutibacterium and Staphylococcus, which are abundant at other skin sites, were rare. The relationships between the microbiota and issues related to the umbilicus were investigated and some covariates, including the odor score and several bacteria, were identified. A detailed ana-lysis of the genera associated with odor revealed no correlation with Corynebacterium; however, some minor anaerobic bacteria, such as Mobiluncus, Arcanobacterium, and Peptoniphilus, were more abundant in the high odor score group. Therefore, this technique to collect umbilical dirt provided insights into the microbiota in umbilical dirt and suggested functions for minor anaerobes. Furthermore, since various pathogenic microorganisms were detected, their control may contribute to the prevention of both odor production and infectious diseases caused by these microorganisms.
Topics: Umbilicus; Odorants; Microbiota; Bacteria; Bacteria, Anaerobic; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S
PubMed: 37407492
DOI: 10.1264/jsme2.ME23007 -
International Journal of Molecular... Jun 2023Heat stress (HS) can inhibit the growth performance of broilers and cause substantial economic losses. Alterations in bile acid (BA) pools have been reported to be...
Heat stress (HS) can inhibit the growth performance of broilers and cause substantial economic losses. Alterations in bile acid (BA) pools have been reported to be correlated with chronic HS, yet the specific mechanism and whether it is related to gut microbiota remains unclear. In this study, 40 Rugao Yellow chickens were randomly selected and distributed into two groups (20 broilers in each group) when reaching 56-day age: a chronic heat stress group (HS, 36 ± 1 °C for 8 h per day in the first 7 days and 36 ± 1 °C for 24 h in the last 7 days) and a control group (CN, 24 ± 1 °C for 24 h within 14 days). Compared with the CN group, total BAs' serum content decreased, while cholic acid (CA), chenodeoxycholic acid (CDCA), and taurolithocholic acid (TLCA) increased significantly in HS broilers. Moreover, 12α-hydroxylase (CYP8B1) and bile salt export protein (BSEP) were upregulated in the liver, and the expression of fibroblast growth factor 19 (FGF19) decreased in the ileum of HS broilers. There were also significant changes in gut microbial composition, and the enrichment of was positively correlated with the increased serum level of TLCA. These results indicate that chronic HS disrupts the homeostasis of BA metabolism in broilers, which is associated with alterations in gut microbiota.
Topics: Animals; Bile Acids and Salts; Chickens; Gastrointestinal Microbiome; Ileum; Heat-Shock Response
PubMed: 37373380
DOI: 10.3390/ijms241210238 -
Anaerobe Aug 2023The main study objective was to evaluate the correlation between matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) and 16S rRNA...
Comparative evaluation of MALDI-TOF MS and 16S rRNA gene sequencing for the identification of clinically relevant anaerobic bacteria: critical evaluation of discrepant results.
OBJECTIVES
The main study objective was to evaluate the correlation between matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) and 16S rRNA gene sequencing results for the identification of anaerobes.
METHODS
A retrospective study was conducted of all anaerobic bacteria isolated from clinically significant specimens. MALDI-TOF (Bruker Byotyper) and 16S rRNA gene sequencing were performed in all strains. Identifications were considered correct when the concordance with gene sequencing was ≥99%.
RESULTS
The study included 364 isolates of anaerobic bacteria: 201 (55.2%) Gram-negative and 163 (44.8%) Gram-positive, mostly belonging to the genus Bacteroides. Isolates were largely obtained from blood cultures (128/35.4%) and intra-abdominal samples (116/32.1%). Overall, 87.3% of isolates were identified at species level using the version 9 database (89.5% of Gram-negative and 84.6% of Gram-positive anaerobic bacteria). All isolates belonging to the species B. fragilis sensu stricto were correctly identified by MALDI-TOF MS, but five cases of Phocaeicola (Bacteroides) dorei were misidentified as Phocaeicola (Bacteroides) vulgatus; all Prevotella isolates were correctly identified at the genus level, and most were correctly identified at the species level. Among Gram-positive anaerobes, 12 Anaerococcus species were not identified by MALDI-TOF MS, while six cases identified as Peptoniphilus indolicus were found to belong to other genera/species.
CONCLUSIONS
MALDI-TOF is a reliable technique for identifying most anaerobic bacteria, although the database needs frequent updating to identify rare, infrequent, and newly discovered species.
Topics: Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization; Bacteria, Anaerobic; Bacterial Typing Techniques; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Genes, rRNA; Retrospective Studies; Gram-Positive Bacteria
PubMed: 37321445
DOI: 10.1016/j.anaerobe.2023.102754 -
AMB Express Jun 2023Anal fistula is a common proctological disease, but the thorough mechanisms of the anal fistula formation are still unclear. An increasing number of studies have...
Anal fistula is a common proctological disease, but the thorough mechanisms of the anal fistula formation are still unclear. An increasing number of studies have revealed the crucial role of gut microbiota in intestinal diseases. We used 16S rRNA gene sequencing to analyze the intestinal microbiome in order to determine whether there are differences in the microbiome between anal fistula patients and healthy individuals. The microbiome samples were extracted by repeatedly wiping the rectal wall with intestinal swab. Before this operation, the whole intestine of all participants was irrigated and the score of the Boston bowel preparation scale reached 9. The biodiversity of gut microbiome of rectum revealed significant difference between anal fistula patients and healthy individuals. 36 discriminative taxa were identified by LEfSe analysis between two groups. At the phylum level, Synergistetes was enriched in anal fistula patients, while Proteobacteria was higher in healthy individuals. We also found that at the genus level, Blautia, Faecalibacterium, Ruminococcus, Coprococcus, Bacteroides, Clostridium, Megamonas and Anaerotruncus were highly enriched in anal fistula patients, while the microbiome of healthy individuals was enriched with Peptoniphilus and Corynebacterium. Spearman correlations showed the extensive and close association among genera and species. Finally, a diagnostic prediction model was constructed by random forest classifier, and the area under curve (AUC) reached 0.990. This study gave an important hint for analyzing gut microbiome of rectum in anal fistula patient.Keypoints.We use the 16S rRNA gene sequencing to test the microbiome samples extracted from the intestinal swab. This is the first study to explore the gut microbiome of rectum using this workflow. We also found the distinct gut microbiome of rectum differences between anal fistula patients and healthy individuals.
PubMed: 37301777
DOI: 10.1186/s13568-023-01560-9 -
Methods in Molecular Biology (Clifton,... 2023The impact of anaerobic bacteria on the human host is sparsely investigated due to cultivation challenges. Nonetheless, in the last decade increasing research... (Review)
Review
The impact of anaerobic bacteria on the human host is sparsely investigated due to cultivation challenges. Nonetheless, in the last decade increasing research demonstrated the importance of paying attention to these overlooked pathogens. In this chapter, we provide an overview of analyzing surface and intracellular inflammation markers of neutrophils and monocytes in response to Gram-positive anaerobic cocci (GPAC) species Peptoniphilus (P.) harei.
Topics: Humans; Anaerobiosis; Bacteria, Anaerobic; Gram-Positive Cocci; Inflammation; Monocytes; Neutrophils
PubMed: 37258970
DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-3243-7_14 -
Clinical Immunology (Orlando, Fla.) Aug 2023Almost 90% of Behçet's patients present with oral and/or genital ulcers which influence the disease outcome. We hypothesised that the dysregulation of the oral and...
UNLABELLED
Almost 90% of Behçet's patients present with oral and/or genital ulcers which influence the disease outcome. We hypothesised that the dysregulation of the oral and genital microbiome, coupled with dysregulation of the immune response, contributes to the aetiopathogenesis of Behçet's Disease (BD) and drives disease activation.
METHOD
152 BD patient samples; 70 matched oral and genital samples plus 12 unmatched samples (Female: Male, 58:12; mean age, 42 ± 13.9: 39.3 ± 10.3) to profile microbial community high-throughput sequencing of the microbiome using 16 s rRNA sequencing targeting the V1/V2 and V3/V4 hyper variable regions were used and results reviewed in relation to disease severity, Work and Social Adjustment Scale (WSAS) outcomes and medication.
RESULTS
Alpha and beta diversity were significantly decreased in genital compared to oral samples; p value<0.05. However, grouping the samples as to whether ulceration was present was not significant. Escherichia-Shigella was the only Amplicon Sequence Variants (ASVs) in the V1/V2 region that was shared between the oral mucosa with ulcer (O_U) and genital mucosa with ulcer (G_U) groups. This was in contrast to the V3/V4 region which indicated that Lachnospiraceae, Saccharimonadales, and Coriobacteriales were shared between the O_U and G_U groups. In addition, gender had no impact on the bacterial abundance in V1/V2 analysis of the oral and genital samples. V3/V4 analysis of genital samples demonstrated that Lactobacilli and Gardnerella were significantly increased in females (20 times) compared to the males in samples; p-adj <0.05. Interestingly in BD patients, Rothia which is commonly found in the mouth was present in both oral and genital samples. Streptococci were significantly increased while Veillonella significantly decreased in the presence of oral ulceration in the BD cohort. The clinical phenotype had no effect on V1/V2 and V3/V4 on the bacterial abundance of oral samples. However, medication e.g. colchicine had a significant effect on the oral microbial abundance (V1/V2; P = 0.020, V3/V4; P = 0.003). There was no relationship between colchicine and the presence/absence of genital ulcers. BD patients with active disease had higher WSAS scores, and their bacterial abundance differed significantly from the non-active BD patients (ADONIS, R2 = 0.05, p value =0.029).
CONCLUSION
The presence of the microbes Streptococcus, Veillonella, Gardnerella, Lactobacillus, Atopobium, Peptoniphilus, Corynebacterium and Staphylococcus may provide early evidence of BD patients are with active disease.
Topics: Male; Female; Humans; Behcet Syndrome; Ulcer; Microbiota; Genitalia; Bacteria; Mucous Membrane; Colchicine
PubMed: 37257548
DOI: 10.1016/j.clim.2023.109654 -
International Journal of Molecular... Apr 2023Since the first description of a commensal seminal microbiome using sequencing, less than a decade ago, interest in the composition of this microbiome and its...
Since the first description of a commensal seminal microbiome using sequencing, less than a decade ago, interest in the composition of this microbiome and its relationship with fertility has been growing. Articles using next-generation sequencing techniques agree on the identification of the most abundant bacterial phyla. However, at the genus level, there is still no consensus on which bacteria are most abundant in human seminal plasma. This discrepancy may be due to methodological variability such as sample collection, bacterial DNA extraction methodology, which hypervariable regions of gene have been amplified, or bioinformatic analysis. In the present work, seminal microbiota of 14 control samples and 42 samples of idiopathic infertile patients were characterized based on full-length sequencing of the gene using MinION platform from Oxford Nanopore. These same samples had been analyzed previously using Illumina's MiSeq sequencing platform. Comparison between the results obtained with the two platforms has been used to analyze the impact of sequencing method on the study of the seminal microbiome's composition. Seminal microbiota observed with MinION were mainly composed of the phyla , , and , with the most abundant genera being , , , , , , , , and . This composition was similar to that found by the Illumina platform, since these 10 most abundant genera were also among the most abundant genera detected by the Nanopore platform. In both cases, the top 10 genera represented more than 70% of the classified reads. However, relative abundance of each bacterium did not correlate between these two platforms, with intraindividual variations of up to 50 percentage points in some cases. Results suggest that the effect of the sequencing platform on the characterization of seminal microbiota is not very large at the phylum level, with slightly variances in and , but presents differences at the genus level. These differences could alter the composition and diversity of bacterial profiles or posterior analyses. This indicates the importance of conducting multi-platform studies to better characterize seminal microbioma.
Topics: Humans; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Microbiota; Bacteria; Firmicutes; Proteobacteria; Actinobacteria; High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing; Clostridiales
PubMed: 37175573
DOI: 10.3390/ijms24097867