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Frontiers in Plant Science 2024Arsenate, a metalloid, acting as an analog to phosphate, has a tendency to accumulate more readily in plant species, leading to adverse effects.
INTRODUCTION
Arsenate, a metalloid, acting as an analog to phosphate, has a tendency to accumulate more readily in plant species, leading to adverse effects.
METHODS
In the current study, sunflower seedlings were exposed to 25, 50 and 100 ppm of the arsenic.
RESULTS
Likewise, a notable reduction (p<0.05) was observed in the relative growth rate (RGR) by 4-folds and net assimilation rate (NAR) by 75% of when subjected to arsenic (As) stress. Nevertheless, the presence of , a plant growth-promoting rhizobacterium with As tolerance, yielded an escalation in the growth of within As-contaminated media. facilitated the conversion of As into a form accessible to plants, thereby, increasing its uptake and subsequent accumulation in plant tissues. encouraged the enzymatic antioxidant systems (Superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), ascorbate peroxidase (APX) and catalase (CAT)) and non-enzymatic antioxidants (flavonoids, phenolics, and glutathione) in seedlings following substantial As accumulation. The strain also induced the host plant to produce osmolytes like proline and sugars, mitigating water loss and maintaining cellular osmotic balance under As-induced stress. rectified imbalances in lignin content, reduced high malonaldehyde (MDA) levels, and minimized electrolyte leakage, thus counteracting the toxic impacts of the metal.
CONCLUSION
The strain exhibited the capability to concurrently encourage plant growth and remediate Ascontaminated growth media through 2-folds rate of biotransformation and bio-mobilization.
PubMed: 38952849
DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2024.1391348 -
Frontiers in Veterinary Science 2024High temperatures have detrimental effects on the performance and physiology of broiler chickens. Medicinal plants have various biological activities and may enhance the...
High temperatures have detrimental effects on the performance and physiology of broiler chickens. Medicinal plants have various biological activities and may enhance the heat resistance of chickens during heat waves. Therefore, this study aimed to explore the potential roles of using specific local medicinal plants to alleviate the negative impacts of heat stress (HS) in broilers. In this study, 180 day-old chicks were used to investigate the effects of HS and dietary indigenous medicinal plants on growth performance, antioxidant biomarkers, and intestinal health. The chicks were assigned to six groups (18 pens with 10 chicks per pen) with three replicates each. In the first group, the chicks were kept under thermoneutral conditions (CON) and fed a basal diet. The other five groups were exposed to recurrent heat stress and fed a basal diet (T1, HS group) or supplemented with Artemisia Sieberi (1.25 g/kg of feed; T2), Achillea Fragrantissima (15 g/kg of feed; T3), (10 g/kg of feed; T4), and all the previous additives (all-in-one) combined at the same dose levels mentioned above (T5). At 21 days of age, the chicks from each group were exposed to two phases of heat stress: phase 1 from days 21 to 34 (34 ± 1°C) followed by phase 2 from days 35 to 39 (37 ± 1°C). The results indicate that HS significantly increased rectal temperature and respiration rate in broiler chickens. Feed intake and body weight gain were improved in all supplemented groups, while the feed conversion ratio was decreased in response to the dietary inclusion of medicinal plants. Additionally, glutathione peroxidase and immunoglobulin G levels were increased in the T3, T4, and T5 groups compared to the other groups. HS induced significant upregulated in the mRNA levels of heat shock protein 70 and interleukin-8, while the mRNA of occludin was decreased. The T3, T4, and T5 showed significantly decreased expression of hepatic HSP70 and ileum IL-8 genes and increased ileum mRNA occludin levels relative to the CON and T1 groups. In conclusion, supplementation with these plants enhances growth performance and maintains intestinal health sustaining the productivity of broiler chickens under HS conditions.
PubMed: 38952804
DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2024.1410580 -
Mikrochimica Acta Jul 2024A dual-recognition strategy is reported to construct a one-step washing and highly efficient signal-transduction tag system for high-sensitivity colorimetric detection...
A dual-recognition strategy is reported to construct a one-step washing and highly efficient signal-transduction tag system for high-sensitivity colorimetric detection of Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus). The porous (gold core)@(platinum shell) nanozymes (Au@PtNEs) as the signal labels show highly efficient peroxidase mimetic activity and are robust. For the sake of simplicity the detection involved the use of a vancomycin-immobilized magnetic bead (MB) and aptamer-functionalized Au@PtNEs for dual-recognition detection in the presence of S. aureus. In addition, we designed a magnetic plate to fit the 96-well microplate to ensure consistent magnetic properties of each well, which can quickly remove unreacted Au@PtNEs and sample matrix while avoiding tedious washing steps. Subsequently, Au@PtNEs catalyze hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) to oxidize 3,3',5,5'-tetramethylbenzidine (TMB) generating a color signal. Finally, the developed Au@PtNEs-based dual-recognition washing-free colorimetric assay displayed a response in the range of S. aureus of 5 × 10-5 × 10 CFU/mL, and the detection limit was 40 CFU/mL within 1.5 h. In addition, S. aureus-fortified samples were analyzed to further evaluate the performance of the proposed method, which yielded average recoveries ranging from 93.66 to 112.44% and coefficients of variation (CVs) within the range 2.72-9.01%. These results furnish a novel horizon for the exploitation of a different mode of recognition and inexpensive enzyme-free assay platforms as an alternative to traditional enzyme-based immunoassays for the detection of other Gram-positive pathogenic bacteria.
Topics: Staphylococcus aureus; Colorimetry; Gold; Platinum; Limit of Detection; Porosity; Benzidines; Hydrogen Peroxide; Aptamers, Nucleotide; Metal Nanoparticles; Vancomycin; Biosensing Techniques; Catalysis; Humans
PubMed: 38951285
DOI: 10.1007/s00604-024-06460-8 -
Phytotherapy Research : PTR Jul 2024Global cerebral ischemia (GCI) results in damage to the neurons and leads to cognitive impairments. Berberine (BBR) is known for its neuroprotective qualities. This...
Global cerebral ischemia (GCI) results in damage to the neurons and leads to cognitive impairments. Berberine (BBR) is known for its neuroprotective qualities. This study aimed to investigate the effects of BBR on memory, Blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeability, biochemical factors, and neuronal structure. Sixty-three adult male Wistar rats were divided randomly into Sham (21), GCI (21), and GCI + BBR (21) groups. The GCI + BBR group received 50 mg/kg of BBR for 7 days before and 6 h after 20 min of GCI induction. After 24 h, assessments included hippocampal neuronal structure, catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), malondialdehyde (MDA), and glutathione peroxidase (GPX) levels, memory performance, and BBB permeability. The GCI + BBR group reduced volume loss in the CA1 and its sublayers (oriens, pyramidal, and radiatum) compared to the GCI group (p < 0.0001, p < 0.001, p < 0.01 and p < 0.001, respectively). Additionally, the GCI + BBR group showed higher pyramidal neuron density (p < 0.0001) and number (p < 0.0001) compared to the GCI group. BBR also decreased MDA levels (p < 0.0001) and increased CAT activity (p < 0.0001) in the GCI + BBR group compared to the GCI group, with GPX and SOD activity approaching Sham levels (p < 0.0001, both). BBR demonstrated significant improvements in short and long-term memory compared to the GCI group (p < 0.01, p < 0.0001, respectively). Furthermore, BBB permeability in the GCI + BBR group was significantly reduced compared to the GCI group (p < 0.0001). These findings demonstrated BBR's potential to protect the neurons in the CA1 and BBB structures, enhance antioxidant activity, and alleviate GCI-induced memory impairments.
PubMed: 38950958
DOI: 10.1002/ptr.8234 -
Neurochemistry International Jun 2024Alumunium usage and toxicity has been a global concern especially an increased use of nanoparticulated aluminum (Al-NPs) products from the environment and the workplace....
Naringenin Mitigates Nanoparticulate-Aluminium Induced Neuronal Degeneration in Brain Cortex and Hippocampus through Downregulation of Oxidative Stress and Neuroinflammation.
Alumunium usage and toxicity has been a global concern especially an increased use of nanoparticulated aluminum (Al-NPs) products from the environment and the workplace. Al degrades in to nanoparticulate form in the environment due to the routine process of bioremediation in human body. Al-NPs toxicity plays key role in the pathophysiology of neurodegeneration which is characterised by the development of neurofibrillary tangles and neuritic plaques which correlates to the Alzheimer's disease. This study evaluated the Al-NPs induced neurodegeneration and causative behavioral alterations due to oxidative stress, inflammation, DNA damage, β-amyloid aggregation, and histopathological changes in mice. Furthermore, the preventive effect of naringenin (NAR) as a potent neuroprotective flavonoid against Al-NPs induced neurodegeneration was assessed. Al-NPs were synthesized and examined using FTIR, XRD, TEM, and particle size analyzer. Mice were orally administered with Al-NPs (6 mg/kg b.w.) followed by NAR treatment (10 mg/kg b.w. per day) for 66 days. The spatial working memory was determined by novel object recognition, T-maze, Y-maze, and Morris Water Maze tests. We measured nitric oxide, advanced oxidation of protein products, protein carbonylation, lipid peroxidation, superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase, reduced glutathione, oxidised glutathione, and acetylcholine esterase, as well as cytokines analysis, immunohistochemistry, and DNA damage. Al-NPs significantly reduced the learning memory power, increased oxidative stress, reduced antioxidant enzymatic activity, increased DNA damage, altered the levels of cytokines, and increased β-amyloid aggregation in the cortex and hippocampus regions of the mice brain. These neurobehavioral impairments, neuronal oxidative stress, and histopathological alterations were significantly attenuated by NAR supplementation. In conclusion, Al-NPs may be potent neurotoxic upon exposure and that NAR could serve as a potential preventive measure in the treatment and management of neuronal degeneration.
PubMed: 38950625
DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2024.105799 -
Journal of Agricultural and Food... Jul 2024Peanut southern blight, caused by the soil-borne pathogen , is a widespread and devastating epidemic. Frequently, it is laborious to effectively control by...
Peanut southern blight, caused by the soil-borne pathogen , is a widespread and devastating epidemic. Frequently, it is laborious to effectively control by labor-intensive foliar sprays of agrochemicals due to untimely find. In the present study, seed treatment with physcion (PHY) at doses of 0.08, 0.16, and 0.32 g AI kg seed significantly improved the growth and photosynthetic activity of peanuts. Furthermore, PHY seed treatment resulted in an elevated enzymatic activity of key enzymes in peanut roots, including peroxidase, superoxide dismutase, polyphenol oxidase, catalase, lipoxygenase, and phenylalanine ammonia-lyase, as well as an increase in callus accumulation and lignin synthesis at the infection site, ultimately enhancing the root activity. This study revealed that PHY seed treatment could promote the accumulation of reactive oxygen species, salicylic acid (SA), and jasmonic acid (JA)/ethylene (ET) in peanut roots, while also decreasing the content of malondialdehyde levels in response to infection. The results were further confirmed by transcriptome data and metabolomics. These findings suggest that PHY seed treatment activates the plant defense pathways mediated by SA and JA/ET in peanut roots, enhancing the resistance of peanut plants to . In short, PHY is expected to be developed into a new plant-derived immunostimulant or fungicide to increase the options and means for peanut disease control.
PubMed: 38950526
DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.4c02519 -
Biosensors & Bioelectronics Jun 2024In the food industry, sulfides are commonly used as preservatives and flavor regulators. However, long-term excessive intake of sulfides can lead to serious health...
In the food industry, sulfides are commonly used as preservatives and flavor regulators. However, long-term excessive intake of sulfides can lead to serious health problems. Therefore, developing efficient sulfide detection methods is particularly important. Here, we have effectively synthesized a novel bifunctional copper hydroxide nitrate (Cu(OH)NO) nanozyme with outstanding peroxidase-like and laccase-like behaviors in basic deep eutectic solvents (DES). Because the various types of sulfides have diverse regulatory effects on the two catalytic behaviors of Cu(OH)NO, a two channel nanozyme sensor array based on the peroxidase-like and laccase-like behaviors of Cu(OH)NO was constructed and successfully used for the identification of six kinds of sulfides (NaS, NaSO, NaSO, NaSO, NaHSO, and NaSO). Remarkably, the sensor array has achieved successful discrimination among six sulfides present in wine, egg, and milk samples. Finally, the sensor array has successfully distinguished and differentiated three actual samples (wine, egg, and milk). This study is of great significance in promoting the efficient construction of array units and improving the effective identification of sulfides in complex food samples.
PubMed: 38950518
DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2024.116529 -
Spectrochimica Acta. Part A, Molecular... Jun 2024Neomycin sulfate (NEO) is a kind of aminoglycoside antibiotics. Because of its strong ototoxicity, nephrotoxicity and other side effects, its content in the body should...
Neomycin sulfate (NEO) is a kind of aminoglycoside antibiotics. Because of its strong ototoxicity, nephrotoxicity and other side effects, its content in the body should be strictly monitored during use. In this paper, a rapid colorimetric detection method for NEO based on ultrasmall polyvinylpyrrolidone modified gold nanoparticles (PVP/Au NPs) with peroxidase-like activity was developed. Firstly, ultra small PVP/Au NPs with weak peroxidase-like activity were synthetized. When they were mixed with NEO, strong hydrogen bonds were formed between NEO and PVP, resulting in the aggregation of PVP/Au NPs, and the aggregated PVP/Au NPs showed stronger peroxidase-like activity. Therefore, rapid colorimetric detection of NEO was achieved by utilizing the enhanced peroxidase-like activity mechanism caused by the aggregation of ultra small PVP/Au NPs. The naked eye detection limit of this method is 50 nM. Within the range of 1 nM-300 nM, there was a good linear relationship between NEO concentration and the change in absorbance intensity of PVP/Au NPs-HO-TMB solution at 652 nm, with the regression curve of y = 0.0045x + 0.0525 (R = 0.998), and the detection limit is 1 nM. In addition, this method was successfully applied to the detection of NEO in mouse serum. The recoveries were 104.4 % -107.6 % compared with HPLC assay results, indicating that this method for NEO detection based on PVP/Au NPs has great potential in actual detection of NEO in serum.
PubMed: 38950479
DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2024.124686 -
Preparative Biochemistry & Biotechnology Jul 2024Recently, kafirins from white sorghum [ (L) Moench] grain have shown promise as a source of biopeptides with anti-skin aging effects (anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and...
Recently, kafirins from white sorghum [ (L) Moench] grain have shown promise as a source of biopeptides with anti-skin aging effects (anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and inhibition of photoaging-associated enzymes). This study employed response surface methodology (RSM) to optimize the extraction and enzymatic hydrolysis of kafirins (KAF) for the production of peptides with anti-skin aging properties. The optimization of conditions (reaction time and enzyme/substrate ratio) for liquefaction with α-amylase and hydrolysis of KAF with alcalase was performed using 3 complete factorial designs. Subsequently, ultrafiltered peptide extracts were obtained with molecular weights of 1-3 kDa (KAF-UF) and lower than 1 kDa (KAF-UF), which mainly contain hydrophobic amino acids (proline, leucine, isoleucine, phenylalanine, and valine) and peptide fractions with molecular weights of 0.69, 1.14, and 1.87 kDa. Consequently, the peptide extracts protected immortalized human keratinocytes (HaCaT cells) from ultraviolet B radiation (UVB)-induced damage by preventing the decrease and/or restoring the activity of antioxidant enzymes [superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px)]. Furthermore, KAF-UF and KAF-UF inhibited (20-29%) elastase and collagenase overactivity in UVB-exposed murine fibroblasts (3T3 cells). Thus, KAF-UF and KAF-UF exhibited behavior similar to that observed with glutathione (GSH), suggesting their potential as functional peptide ingredients in skincare products.
PubMed: 38949113
DOI: 10.1080/10826068.2024.2366994 -
Drug and Chemical Toxicology Jul 2024Gallic acid (GAL), rutin (RUT), and quercetin (QUE) are common antioxidant agents in fruits and vegetables with intriguing pharmacological effects. In the present study,...
Gallic acid (GAL), rutin (RUT), and quercetin (QUE) are common antioxidant agents in fruits and vegetables with intriguing pharmacological effects. In the present study, we compared the therapeutic outcomes of GAL + QUE in comparison with GAL + RUT co-treatment in a busulfan (BUS) model of testicular injury in Wistar rats. BUS (4 mg kg body weight (b.w) was injected intraperitoneally daily for 4 days. GAL + RUT or GAL + QUE (20 mg kg b. w) was delivered by oral gavage for 52 days. Examination of the testes of BUS-treated rats both biochemically and under light microscopy revealed an increased level of lipid peroxidation, DNA fragmentation, glutathione--transferase, lactate dehydrogenase, gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase, alkaline phosphatase and acid phosphatase with a concomitant decrease in the level of antioxidants: glutathione, ascorbic acid, superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase and glutathione reductase activities, suggesting testicular injury. Tissue sections confirmed the testicular injury-induced by BUS, including diminished spermatogenesis score index, tubular diameter, gonado-somatic index, testis weight, epithelia thickness and higher percentage of aberrant tubules. GAL + QUE co-administration had better recovery effects than GAL + RUT on the biochemical markers and protected against BUS-induced testicular damage. GAL + QUE treatment regimen has better capacity to maintain the antioxidant capacity of the testes and is more potent at reducing BUS-induced oxidative damage compared to GAL + RUT.
PubMed: 38948945
DOI: 10.1080/01480545.2024.2369591