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Marine Pollution Bulletin Jul 2024The omnipresence of microplastics (MPs) around the world has attracted extensive attention in the past decade with more focuses on the interactions of standard MPs...
The omnipresence of microplastics (MPs) around the world has attracted extensive attention in the past decade with more focuses on the interactions of standard MPs without additives in regular shapes and individual pollutant, whereas the actual MPs containing various additives in irregular shapes and complex pollutants are often co-occurrence in the environments. In this paper, the adsorption performance of disposable polypropylene (PP) cups-based MPs subjected to ultraviolet irradiation was investigated in unitary and binary water matrices. The surface characteristics were analyzed and the experimental data of adsorption were fitted by various kinetic and isotherm models, and the results indicated that more cracks and oxygen-containing functional groups with decreased hydrophobicity were produced with aging, and electrostatic attraction and hydrogen bonding dominated methylene blue (MB) and tetracycline (TC) capture in the individual system. Moreover, pseudo-second order kinetic model better described the adsorption processes. In the binary system, the co-existence of TC promoted MB uptake, while the presence of MB inhibited TC capture. In addition, TC adsorption was enhanced by Ca, maybe due to its complexation effect, while the presence of mono- and divalent inorganic salts inhibited MB capture. This research provides useful insights for the fate of PP-MPs and organic pollutants in the complex environments.
Topics: Methylene Blue; Adsorption; Tetracycline; Water Pollutants, Chemical; Polypropylenes; Microplastics; Kinetics
PubMed: 38805976
DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2024.116521 -
Environmental Science and Pollution... Jun 2024Water pollutants of non-biodegradable toxic aromatic dye including Methylene blue (MB) and Rhodamine (RhB) are extremely carcinogenic thiazines used in various...
Ultrasonication-assisted synthesis of transition metal carbide of MXene: an efficient and promising material for photocatalytic organic dyes degradation of rhodamine B and methylene blue in wastewater.
Water pollutants of non-biodegradable toxic aromatic dye including Methylene blue (MB) and Rhodamine (RhB) are extremely carcinogenic thiazines used in various industries such as leather industry, paper industry, and the dyeing industry. The presence of dyes in wastewater causes severe threats to human health that are responsible for various harmful chronic or acute diseases and also shows an adverse impact on the environment as it reduces transparency and is harmful to water microorganisms. To overcome severe issues, many traditional techniques have been used to remove toxic pollutants, but these methods are insufficient to remove chemically stable dyes that remain in the treated wastewater. However, the photocatalytic degradation process is an efficient approach to degrade the dye up to the maximum extent with improved efficiency. Therefore, in this work, a new class of two-dimensional (2D) transition metal carbide of Titanium Carbide (TiCTx) MXene material was used for the organic dyes degradation such as MB and RhB using a photocatalytic process. A layered structure of hexagonal lattice symmetry of TiCTx MXene was successfully synthesized from the Titanium Aluminum Carbide of TiAlC bulk phase using an exfoliation process. Further, the XRD spectrum confirms the transformation of bulk MAX phase having (002) plane at 9.2° to TiCTx MXene of (002) plane at 8.88° confirms the successful removal of Al layer from MAX phase. A smooth, transparent, thin sheet-like morphology of TiCTx nanosheet size were found to be in the range of 70 to 150 nm evaluated from TEM images. Also, no holes or damages in the thin sheets were found after the treatment with strong hydrofluoric acid confirms the formation TiCTx layered sheets. The synthesized TiCTx MXene possesses excellent photocatalytic activity for the degradation of dyes MB, RhB, and mixtures of MB and RhB dyes. MB dye degraded with a degradation percentage efficiency of 99.32% in 30 min, while RhB dye was degraded upto 98.9% in 30 min. Also, experiments were conducted for degradation of mixture of MB and RhB dyes by UV light, and the degradation percentage efficiency were found to be 98.9% and 99.75% for mixture of MB and RhB dye in 45 min, respectively. Moreover, reaction rate constant (k) was determined for each dye of MB, RhB, and mixtures of MB and RhB and was found to be 0.0215 min and 0.0058 min, and for mixtures, it was 0.0020 min and 0.009 min, respectively.
Topics: Rhodamines; Methylene Blue; Wastewater; Coloring Agents; Water Pollutants, Chemical; Catalysis; Titanium
PubMed: 38801609
DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-33505-5 -
Lasers in Medical Science May 2024Conventional approaches for enhancing wound healing may not always yield satisfactory results. Instead, we test the effectiveness of a newly developed photodynamic...
PURPOSE
Conventional approaches for enhancing wound healing may not always yield satisfactory results. Instead, we test the effectiveness of a newly developed photodynamic therapy (PDT) that uses methylene blue (MB) loaded with polyethylene glycol (PEG) (MB-PEG) hydrogel to accelerate wound healing process in mice.
METHODS
A dorsal skin incision with 6 mm punch which topically subjected to MB-PEG hydrogel and a low-level laser light of red light to assess the regeneration process of wounded skin. A total of 63 adult male CD1 mice divided into normal group (no treatment) and other wound groups received different treatments of laser (650 ± 5 nm and power intensity of 180 mW/cm), MB-PEG, or PDT (MB-PEG followed by laser). The wound healing parameters were investigated by histological examination of the skin and measuring of proinflammatory cytokines at the early stage (48 h) and a late one on day 21.
RESULTS
at 48 h, the score of tissue granulation, inflammation, and angiogenesis process were markedly improved in wounded groups that received MB + PEG combined with laser compared to the group treated with laser alone. On day 21, a significant improvement of the inflammation was detected in the group treated with MB + PEG plus laser compared to the other groups. At 48 h, the upregulated serum levels of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and interleukin (IL)-1β in the wound group were significantly (P < 0.001) reduced in the group treated with MB + PEG combined with laser.
CONCLUSION
MB-PEG based hydrogel improves and accelerates wound closure in the context of laser compared to either single treatment.
Topics: Animals; Wound Healing; Mice; Photochemotherapy; Polyethylene Glycols; Methylene Blue; Male; Skin; Hydrogels; Photosensitizing Agents; Cytokines
PubMed: 38801600
DOI: 10.1007/s10103-024-04084-1 -
RSC Advances May 2024In this study, a phenothiazine-thiosemicarbazide (PTZDS) probe was synthesized and characterized. The synthesized PTZDS probe exhibited a yellow color, with a native...
In this study, a phenothiazine-thiosemicarbazide (PTZDS) probe was synthesized and characterized. The synthesized PTZDS probe exhibited a yellow color, with a native fluorescence emission at = 550 nm and = 450 nm. Over other metal ions, the probe exhibited significant selectivity and sensitivity towards Hg and Cu. The probe showed fluorescence quenching along with a minor shift in the absorbance spectra from 400 to 450 nm and 430 nm in the presence of Hg and Cu, respectively. In addition, the color of the synthesized probe remarkedly faded with the addition of Hg or Cu. Fluorescence measurements, infrared spectroscopy (IR), and density functional theory studies were employed to elucidate the binding process in the PTZDS + Cu and PTZDS + Hg sensor systems. Furthermore, photophysical investigations of the synthesized probe with Hg and Cu were performed. Finally, the probe was successfully employed as a solid-state thin layer chromatography (TLC) optical sensor for detecting Hg and Cu ions.
PubMed: 38799220
DOI: 10.1039/d3ra08624k -
The Pan African Medical Journal 2024Indoxacarb, a large-spectrum non-organophosphorus oxadiazine insecticide, is broadly used in farming whose mechanism of action is the blockage of voltage-gated sodium...
Indoxacarb, a large-spectrum non-organophosphorus oxadiazine insecticide, is broadly used in farming whose mechanism of action is the blockage of voltage-gated sodium channels of insects. There is restricted data on human poisoning. We report a case of an 18-year-old male patient without comorbidities presented with unconsciousness and cyanosis after the intentional ingestion of indoxacarb in a suicide attempt. Methemoglobinemia was clinically suspected and was successfully treated after methylene blue injection, associated with supportive and symptomatic management. This case emphasizes the importance of considering methemoglobinemia after indoxacarb ingestion in addition to its early recognition and timely injection of methylene blue which led to complete recovery without sequelae.
Topics: Humans; Methemoglobinemia; Male; Methylene Blue; Adolescent; Insecticides; Suicide, Attempted; Oxazines; Cyanosis
PubMed: 38799189
DOI: 10.11604/pamj.2024.47.92.34766 -
Environmental Science and Pollution... Jun 2024In this study, three acid mine drainage (AMD) sources were investigated as potential sources of iron for the synthesis of iron nanoparticles using green tea extract (an...
In this study, three acid mine drainage (AMD) sources were investigated as potential sources of iron for the synthesis of iron nanoparticles using green tea extract (an environmentally friendly reductant) or sodium borohydride (a chemical reductant). Electrical conductivity (EC), total dissolved solids (TDS), dissolved oxygen (DO), oxidation-reduction potential (ORP), ion chromatography (IC), and inductively coupled plasma-mass spectroscopy (ICP-MS) techniques were used to characterize the AMD, and the most suitable AMD sample was selected based on availability. Additionally, three tea extracts were characterized using ferric-reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazine-hydrate (DPPH), and the most suitable environmentally friendly reductant was selected based on the highest FRAP (1152 µmol FeII/g) and DPPH (71%) values. The synthesized iron nanoparticles were characterized and compared using XRD, STEM, Image J, EDS, and FTIR analytical techniques. The study shows that the novel iron nanoparticles produced using the selected green tea (57 nm) and AMD were stable under air due to the surface modification by polyphenols contained in green tea extract, whereas the nanoparticles produced using sodium borohydride (67 nm) were unstable under air and produced a toxic supernatant. Both the AMD-based iron nanoparticles can be used as Fenton-like catalysts for the decoloration of methylene blue solution. While 99% decoloration was achieved by the borohydride-synthesized nanoparticles, 81% decoloration was achieved using green tea-synthesized nanoparticles.
Topics: Metal Nanoparticles; Methylene Blue; South Africa; Water Purification; Plant Extracts; Tea; Water Pollutants, Chemical
PubMed: 38797758
DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-33739-3 -
Environmental Research Sep 2024There has been significant attention on the efficient degradation of pollutants in wastewater using metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) photocatalytic methods over the past...
There has been significant attention on the efficient degradation of pollutants in wastewater using metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) photocatalytic methods over the past decade. Herein, we examined the elimination of two different types of water-contaminating dyes, specifically cationic dye methylene blue (MB) and anionic dye methyl orange (MO), through the application of bimetal Cu/Ni-BTC@SiO MOF as high performance photocatalyst. The bimetal Cu/Ni-BTC@SiO photocatalyst was synthesized and characterized by XRD, FTIR, SEM, TEM, TGA, BET, DRS, and VSM techniques. The examination of the impact of different operational factors on the elimination of pollutants involved a comprehensive analysis of variables including the photocatalyst type, initial pollutant concentration, quantity of photocatalyst, and pH levels. The highest removal efficiency for MO and MB dyes by the photocatalyst was found to be 98 and 71%, respectively, within 60 min. In the fifth reaction stage, degradation efficiency for MO and MB was 76 and 56% respectively. Kinetic investigations demonstrated that, in the context of the uptake of MB and MO dyes, the interparticle diffusion, and pseudo-second-order models emerged as possessing the most robust correlation coefficients with the experimental data, registering values of 0.988 and 0.961, respectively. The examination of isotherms reveals that the isotherm models proposed by BET, and Anderson (V) demonstrate the highest level of conformity with the empirical data for the decomposition of MB and MO dyes, correspondingly. The TOC levels decreased significantly from 51 to 14 and 47 to 3 mg/L for MB and MO dyes, indicating the effective mineralization process using Cu/Ni-BTC@SiO.
Topics: Copper; Water Pollutants, Chemical; Silicon Dioxide; Methylene Blue; Azo Compounds; Coloring Agents; Nickel; Catalysis; Kinetics
PubMed: 38797465
DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2024.119229 -
Chemosphere Aug 2024Research has demonstrated the presence of viruses in wastewater (WW), which can remain viable for a long period, posing potential health risks. Conventional WW treatment...
Research has demonstrated the presence of viruses in wastewater (WW), which can remain viable for a long period, posing potential health risks. Conventional WW treatment methods involving UV light, chlorine and ozone efficiently reduce microbial concentrations, however, they produce hazardous byproducts and microbial resistance that are detrimental to human health and the ecosystem. Hence, there is a need for novel disinfection techniques. Antimicrobial Photodynamic Inactivation (PDI) emerges as a promising strategy, utilizing photosensitizers (PS), light, and dioxygen to inactivate viruses. This study aims to assess the efficacy of PDI by testing methylene blue (MB) and the cationic porphyrin TMPyP as PSs, along a low energy consuming white light source (LED) at an irradiance of 50 mW/cm, for the inactivation of bacteriophage Phi6. Phi6 serves as an enveloped RNA-viruses surrogate model in WW. PDI experiments were conducted in a buffer solution (PBS) and real WW matrices (filtered and non-filtered). Considering the environmental release of the treated effluents, this research also evaluated the ecotoxicity of the resulting solution (post-PDI treatment effluent) on the model organism Daphnia magna, following the Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) immobilization technical 202 guideline. Daphnids were exposed to WW containing the tested PS at different concentrations and dilutions (accounting for the dilution factor during WW release into receiving waters) over 48 h. The results indicate that PDI with MB efficiently inactivated the model virus in the different aqueous matrices, achieving reductions superior to 8 log PFU/mL, after treatments of 5 min in PBS and of ca. 90 min in WW. Daphnids survival increased when subjected to the PDI-treated WW with MB, considering the dilution factor. Overall, the effectiveness of PDI in eliminating viruses in WW, the fading of the toxic effects on daphnids after MB' irradiation and the rapid dilution effect upon WW release in the environment highlight the possibility of using MB in WW PDI-disinfection.
Topics: Wastewater; Disinfection; Daphnia; Photosensitizing Agents; Animals; Methylene Blue; Porphyrins; Bacteriophages; Waste Disposal, Fluid; Water Purification; Ecotoxicology
PubMed: 38797202
DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.142421 -
Scientific Reports May 2024This study employs a combination of mathematical derivation and optimization technique to investigate the adsorption of drug molecules on nanocarriers. Specifically, the...
This study employs a combination of mathematical derivation and optimization technique to investigate the adsorption of drug molecules on nanocarriers. Specifically, the chemotherapy drugs, fluorouracil, proflavine, and methylene blue, are non-covalently bonded with either a flat graphene sheet or a spherical fullerene. Mathematical expressions for the interaction energy between an atom and graphene, as well as between an atom and fullerene, are derived. Subsequently, a discrete summation is evaluated for all atoms on the drug molecule utilizing the U-NSGA-III algorithm. The stable configurations' three-dimensional architectures are presented, accompanied by numerical values for crucial parameters. The results indicate that the nanocarrier's structure effectively accommodates the atoms on the drug's carbon planes. The three drug types' molecules disperse across the graphene surface, whereas only fluorouracil spreads on the surface; proflavine and methylene blue stack vertically to form a layer. Furthermore, all atomic positions of equilibrium configurations for all systems are obtained. This hybrid method, integrating analytical expressions and an optimization process, significantly reduces computational time, representing an initial step in studying the binding of drug molecules on nanocarriers.
Topics: Adsorption; Graphite; Methylene Blue; Fluorouracil; Drug Carriers; Models, Theoretical; Algorithms; Fullerenes; Carbon; Proflavine; Nanoparticles; Antibiotics, Antineoplastic; Antineoplastic Agents
PubMed: 38796555
DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-62483-4 -
Chemosphere Jul 2024The vast discharge of methylene blue (MB) dye in industrial effluent, risks the ecological environment, thus making its removal unavoidable. Recently, metal organic...
High-efficient removal of methylene blue by zirconium-based organic frameworks modified with 1,3,5-benzenetricarboxylic acid: Characterization, performances, and mechanisms.
The vast discharge of methylene blue (MB) dye in industrial effluent, risks the ecological environment, thus making its removal unavoidable. Recently, metal organic frameworks (MOFs) due to their larger pore volume, surface area and easy synthesis have proved to be exceptionally promising materials for contaminant treatment. Based on 1,3,5-benzenetricarboxylic acid (BTC) as a modifier, a new composite material consisting of BTC and Zr-based MOF (UIO-66-BTC) was fabricated for the effective removal of MB from the effluent. Its synthesis and efficient application has been confirmed by characterization analysis. The influencing factors, adsorption isotherms, and adsorption kinetics of MB adsorption by adsorbent were studied. It was demonstrated that the removal rate of MB adsorption by UIO-66-BTC reached 98.45% and the adsorption amount reached 393.80 mg g at temperature (298 K), pH 7, adsorbent dosage (0.5 g L), MB initial concentration (200 mg L), and contact time of 720 min, respectively. The maximum adsorption of MB by UIO-66-BTC was 20.827 times higher than that of UIO-66 (18.908 mg g). The experimental data fits with the pseudo-second-order kinetic model and Langmuir isotherm, implying that the adsorption process is a monolayer chemisorption process. The thermodynamic and regeneration experiments showed that the spontaneous process enhanced the adsorption of MB at lower temperatures and the adsorption efficiency of MB remained above 68% after five successive cycles. The mechanism of MB adsorption on adsorbents is mainly based on electrostatic interactions, pore filling, hydrogen bonding and π-π interactions. It is concluded that this new adsorbent can be effectively used to treat MB in effluents.
Topics: Methylene Blue; Adsorption; Metal-Organic Frameworks; Water Pollutants, Chemical; Zirconium; Kinetics; Tricarboxylic Acids; Water Purification; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Waste Disposal, Fluid; Phthalic Acids
PubMed: 38789055
DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.142381