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Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi = Zhongguo... May 2024Chronic kidney disease(CKD) is an insidious disease that has become a significant global public health issue due to its high incidence rate, low awareness, low... (Review)
Review
Chronic kidney disease(CKD) is an insidious disease that has become a significant global public health issue due to its high incidence rate, low awareness, low diagnostic rate, poor prognosis, and high medical costs. Recent studies have shown that CKD development is associated with varying degrees of ferroptosis features. Traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) can regulate iron metabolism, lipid peroxidation, antioxidant systems to inhibit ferroptosis and delay the progression of CKD. Consequently, the intervention mechanism of ferroptosis has become one of the focuses of CKD research. TCM has thousands of years of traditional experience and wisdom. It focuses on the overall regulation of human body functions and can stimulate the body's disease resistance and recovery capabilities, which has certain advantages in treating CKD. However, there is currently a lack of comprehensive articles on the application of TCM in intervening ferroptosis to treat CKD and the pathogenesis of ferroptosis in CKD. Therefore, this article summarizes the latest research progress both domestically and internationally, briefly introduces the main mechanisms of ferroptosis, and systematically reviews the relationship between ferroptosis and CKD. The article integrates TCM theories related to ferroptosis in CKD, including "deficiency" "stasis" "phlegm turbidity" and "toxins" and summarizes the research status of active ingredients and herbal formulas in intervening ferroptosis to treat CKD. By considering ferroptosis from a new perspective, this article aims to provide new targets and directions for the application of TCM in treating CKD.
Topics: Ferroptosis; Humans; Renal Insufficiency, Chronic; Medicine, Chinese Traditional; Drugs, Chinese Herbal; Animals; Iron
PubMed: 38812163
DOI: 10.19540/j.cnki.cjcmm.20240111.701 -
Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi = Zhongguo... May 2024Based on the R language data mining technology, the medication rules of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) in the treatment of H-type hypertension were discussed, and the...
Based on the R language data mining technology, the medication rules of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) in the treatment of H-type hypertension were discussed, and the basis and new ideas for the treatment of H-type hypertension with TCM were provided. CNKI, Wanfang, VIP, and SinoMed were searched to collect clinical studies on the treatment of H-type hypertension with TCM. The data were screened, and Excel was used to build a database. Rstudio was used to carry out drug efficacy classification, four Qi and five flavors, meridian homing, frequency of use, correlation, association rules, and clustering analyses of drugs and explore the medication rules of TCM. 191 TCM prescriptions were obtained, and the main syndromes were phlegm-dampness accumulation syndrome, phlegm and blood stasis syndrome, and Yin deficiency and Yang hyperactivity syndrome. A total of 169 kinds of TCM were used, and the frequency was 1 875 times. Among them, the drugs whose single use frequency was more than 20 times were high-frequency medicines, 26 kinds in total. They were Gestrodiae Rhizoma, Poria, Pinelliae Rhizoma, Achyranthis Bidenthis Radix, Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, etc. The efficacy of high-frequency medicines was mainly classified as tonic medicines, blood-activating and stasis-removing medicines, liver-relieving wind medicines, and damp-clearing medicines. The four Qi of the drug were mainly warm and flat, and the five flavors were mainly sweet and bitter. The liver meridian and spleen meridian were the main meridians. The association rule analysis obtained a total of 14 groups of commonly used drug combinations, and the correlation analysis obtained 20 drug combinations with a high correlation coefficient. A total of six drug combinations were obtained by cluster analysis. Eight groups of drug pairs were obtained by association rule analysis on H-type hypertension with phlegm-dampness accumulation syndrome. Seven drug combinations with high correlation coefficients were obtained by correlation analysis, and three drug prescriptions were obtained by cluster analysis. The pathological factors of H-type hypertension are mainly phlegm, stasis, and deficiency. The disease site is in the liver, involving the spleen, lungs, and other viscera. The commonly used drugs are Gestrodiae Rhizoma, Poria, Pinelliae Rhizoma, Achyranthis Bidenthis Radix, etc. Banxia Baizhu Tianma Decoction, Tianma Gouteng Decoction, and Buyang Huanwu Decoction are commonly used prescriptions. The medication rules shown in this study can provide certain ideas for the clinical treatment of H-type hypertension with TCM.
Topics: Drugs, Chinese Herbal; Humans; Data Mining; Hypertension; Medicine, Chinese Traditional
PubMed: 38812148
DOI: 10.19540/j.cnki.cjcmm.20240117.501 -
Respirology Case Reports May 2024Primary tracheal tumours are extremely rare, that originate from Schwann cells. We report a case of a primary tracheal schwannoma. A 60-year-old male who presented with...
Primary tracheal tumours are extremely rare, that originate from Schwann cells. We report a case of a primary tracheal schwannoma. A 60-year-old male who presented with noisy breathing, shortness of breath, and blood streaked phlegm. Chest CT scan showed an endotracheal mass which was resected bronchoscopically using Rigid bronchoscopy, electrocautery snare and cryoextraction. Biopsy confirmed the diagnosis of schwannoma.
PubMed: 38808151
DOI: 10.1002/rcr2.1390 -
Cureus Apr 2024is a rare species of non-tuberculosis mycobacteria detected in Japan that causes pulmonary infection and cervical lymphadenitis. Here, we report a case of pulmonary...
is a rare species of non-tuberculosis mycobacteria detected in Japan that causes pulmonary infection and cervical lymphadenitis. Here, we report a case of pulmonary infection caused by , which was difficult to distinguish from (Mtb) infection. A 64-year-old Japanese woman with a history of pulmonarytuberculosis had bloody phlegm, a cough, and discomfort in her chest. Chest computed tomography revealed a cavity, infiltration, and a nodule. A smear test for acid-fast bacilli was positive, a complex transcription reverse-transcription concerted (TRC) test was negative, and an Mtb TRC test was withheld because the internal control was negative. After diluting the specimens, the internal control tested positive, and the sample tested negative. We diagnosed pulmonary infection based on a culture test. In conclusion, attention should be paid to the concentration of bacteria in Mtb TRC test samples, ensuring that the internal control provides expected results.
PubMed: 38807831
DOI: 10.7759/cureus.59207 -
BMC Medicine May 2024Prevalence of youth nicotine vaping has increased, heightening concerns around negative health effects. This study aimed to compare self-reported respiratory symptoms...
BACKGROUND
Prevalence of youth nicotine vaping has increased, heightening concerns around negative health effects. This study aimed to compare self-reported respiratory symptoms among youth by vaping behaviours.
METHODS
Participants (n = 39,214) aged 16-19 from the 2020 and 2021 International Tobacco Control Policy Evaluation Project (ITC) Youth Tobacco and Vaping Surveys (Canada, England, US). Weighted multivariable logistic regression assessed associations between reporting any of five respiratory symptoms in the past week (shortness of breath, wheezing, chest pain, phlegm, cough) and: past 30-day smoking and/or vaping; lifetime/current vaping. Among past-30-day vapers (n = 4644), we assessed associations between symptoms and vaping frequency, use of nicotine salts, usual flavour and device type(s).
RESULTS
Overall, 27.8% reported experiencing any of the five respiratory symptoms. Compared with youth who had only vaped, those who had only smoked had similar odds of symptoms [adjusted odds ratio, OR (95% confidence interval, CI): 0.97 (0.85-1.10)], those who both smoked and vaped had higher odds [1.26 (1.12-1.42)], and those who had done neither, lower odds [0.67 (0.61-0.72)]. Compared with those who had never vaped, past use, experimentation and current regular or occasional use were all associated with higher odds. Reporting usually using nicotine salts was associated with higher odds of symptoms [1.43 (1.22-1.68)] than non-salt but was often uncertain. Compared with tobacco flavour (including with menthol), menthol/mint and sweets flavours were associated with similar odds; fruit [1.44 (1.07-1.93)], multiple [1.76 (1.30-2.39)] and 'other' [2.14 (1.45-3.16)] flavours with higher odds. All device types were associated with similar odds.
CONCLUSIONS
Among youth, vaping was associated with increased reporting of past-week respiratory symptoms. Among those who vaped, some flavour types and potentially nicotine salts were associated with respiratory symptoms.
Topics: Humans; Vaping; Adolescent; Male; Female; Canada; England; Young Adult; Self Report; United States; Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems; Prevalence; Respiratory Tract Diseases
PubMed: 38807205
DOI: 10.1186/s12916-024-03428-6 -
International Journal of Biological... Jun 2024Platycodon grandiflorum (P. grandiflorum) has long been used as a food and traditional herbal medicine. As a food, P. grandiflorum is often transformed into pickles for... (Review)
Review
Platycodon grandiflorum (P. grandiflorum) has long been used as a food and traditional herbal medicine. As a food, P. grandiflorum is often transformed into pickles for consumption, and as a traditional Chinese medicine, P. grandiflorum clears the lung, nourishes the pharynx, dispels phlegm, and discharges pus. Polysaccharides are among the main active components of P. grandiflorum. Recent literature has described the preparation, identification, and pharmacological activity of these polysaccharides. Studies have shown that these polysaccharides exhibit a variety of significant biological effects in vitro and in vivo, such as immune stimulation and antioxidant, anti-liver injury, anti-apoptosis and antitumour effects. However, there is no systematic summary of the related research articles on P. grandiflorum polysaccharide, which undoubtedly brings some difficulties to the future research. The purpose of this review is to comprehensively describe research progress on the extraction, purification, structural characterization, modification, and biological activity of P. grandiflorum polysaccharides. The shortcomings of recent research are summarized, further research on their biological activity is proposed to provide new reference value for the application of P. grandiflorum polysaccharides in drugs and health products in the future.
Topics: Platycodon; Polysaccharides; Humans; Animals; Antioxidants; Plant Extracts
PubMed: 38795891
DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.132617 -
Journal of Integrative Medicine May 2024Hypertension, a prevalent disease, is a significant risk factor for coronary heart disease. Huoxue Qianyang Qutan Recipe (HQQR), a traditional Chinese herbal remedy, has...
BACKGROUND
Hypertension, a prevalent disease, is a significant risk factor for coronary heart disease. Huoxue Qianyang Qutan Recipe (HQQR), a traditional Chinese herbal remedy, has been used for treating hypertension over several years.
OBJECTIVE
This study assesses HQQR's efficacy for controlling blood pressure among patients with hypertension related to blood stasis, yang hyperactivity and phlegm.
DESIGN, SETTING, PARTICIPANTS AND INTERVENTIONS
A randomized controlled trial was conducted at the Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China, from July 2020 to June 2022. Major components of HQQR were identified using thin-layer chromatography and high-performance liquid chromatography. Participants aged 18-80 years, exhibiting traditional Chinese medicine syndromes of blood stasis, yang hyperactivity or phlegm, along with grades 1 or 2 hypertension, were randomly categorized into two groups. The intervention group was given HQQR granules alongside conventional hypertension treatment, while the control group was given placebo granules in addition to conventional treatment for 12 weeks.
MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES
The primary outcome was clinic blood pressure, whereas secondary outcomes included metabolic indices (e.g., homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance [HOMA-IR], total cholesterol [TC], low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and triglyceride), target organ damage indices (left ventricular mass index and urinary albumin creatinine ratio [UACR]) and inflammation indices (interleukin-6 [IL-6] and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein [hs-CRP]).
RESULTS
HQQR's primary components were identified as salvianolic acid B, emodin and ferulic acid. Of the 216 participants (108 in each group), compared to the control, the intervention group exhibited significant improvements (P < 0.001) in clinic systolic blood pressure ([136.24 ± 7.63] vs [130.06 ± 8.50] mmHg), clinic diastolic blood pressure ([84.34 ± 8.72] vs [80.46 ± 6.05] mmHg), home systolic blood pressure ([131.64 ± 8.74] vs [122.36 ± 8.45] mmHg) and home diastolic blood pressure ([78.47 ± 9.53] vs [71.79 ± 6.82] mmHg). HQQR demonstrated a reduction in ambulatory blood pressure (24-hour systolic blood pressure: [133.75 ± 10.49] vs [132.46 ± 8.84] mmHg and 24-hour diastolic blood pressure: [84.12 ± 8.01] vs [82.11 ± 7.45] mmHg) and an improvement in HOMA-IR ([4.09 ± 1.72] vs [3.98 ± 1.44]), TC ([4.66 ± 1.47] vs [3.75 ± 1.81] mmol/L) and UACR (75.94 [5.12, 401.12] vs 45.61 [4.26, 234.26]). Moreover, HQQR demonstrated a decrease in hs-CRP (1.46 [0.10, 10.53] vs 0.57 [0.12, 3.99] mg/L) and IL-6 (6.69 [2.00, 29.74] vs 5.27 [2.00, 9.73] pg/mL), with no reported side effects (P < 0.001).
CONCLUSION
This study highlights the therapeutic potential of HQQR use in ameliorating blood pressure, glycolipid metabolism, and inflammation in patients with hypertension.
TRIAL REGISTRATION
ChiCTR2000035092 (https://www.chictr.org.cn/). Please cite this article as: Xie J, Ma YL, Gui MT, Yao L, Li JH, Wang MZ, Zhou XJ, Wang YF, Zhao MY, Cao H, Lu B, Fu DY. Efficacy of Huoxue Qianyang Qutan Recipe on essential hypertension: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. J Integr Med. 2024; Epub ahead of print.
PubMed: 38789290
DOI: 10.1016/j.joim.2024.05.002 -
Pharmaceutical Biology Dec 2024The Xihuang pill (XHP) is a traditional Chinese medicine formulation that has been historically used in the prevention and treatment of proliferative breast diseases.... (Review)
Review
CONTEXT
The Xihuang pill (XHP) is a traditional Chinese medicine formulation that has been historically used in the prevention and treatment of proliferative breast diseases. However, there is a lack of guidelines that offer recommendations for its clinical use.
OBJECTIVE
The task force from the Chinese Guangdong Pharmaceutical Association aims to develop evidence-based guidelines for XHP to prevent and treat proliferative breast diseases.
METHODS
We searched six Chinese and English electronic databases, including the China National Knowledge Infrastructure, the Chinese Scientific Journal Database, the Wanfang Medical Database, PubMed, and Embase, up to November 1, 2022. Publications (case reports, clinical observation, clinical trials, reviews) on using XHP to treat proliferative breast diseases were manually searched. The search terms were Xihuang pill, hyperplasia of the mammary gland, breast lump, and mastalgia. The writing team developed recommendations based on the best available evidence.
RESULTS
Treatment should be customized based on syndrome identification. We recommend using XHP for the prevention and treatment of breast hyperplasia disease when a patient presents the following syndromes: concurrent blood stasis syndrome, concurrent phlegm-stasis syndrome, and concurrent liver fire syndrome. Safety indicators, including blood analysis and liver and kidney function monitoring, should be performed regularly during treatment.
CONCLUSIONS
Current clinical evidence suggests that XHP can be used as a standalone treatment or in conjunction with other medications to prevent and manage breast hyperplasia diseases. More randomized controlled studies are warranted to establish high-quality evidence of its use.
Topics: Humans; Female; Hyperplasia; Drugs, Chinese Herbal; Breast Diseases; Medicine, Chinese Traditional; China
PubMed: 38769628
DOI: 10.1080/13880209.2024.2350233 -
Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine... Jun 2024To analyze the distribution of Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) syndromes in patients with diabetic kidney disease (DKD) and its related factors.
OBJECTIVE
To analyze the distribution of Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) syndromes in patients with diabetic kidney disease (DKD) and its related factors.
METHODS
We enrolled 435 patients with DKD, who were not undergoing dialysis, admitted to the Department of Nephrology, First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital from April 2020 to August 2021. Analysis of their TCM syndromes and related factors was carried out.
RESULTS
The 435 patients included 109, 117, 86, and 123 chronic kidney disease (CKD) 1-2, CKD3, CKD4, and CKD5 cases, respectively. With the progression of CKD1-5, the proportion of deficiency and dry heat syndrome, and that of and deficiency syndrome showed a downward trend, whereas the proportion of spleen-kidney deficiency, blood deficiency, blood stasis, water stagnation, and phlegm turbidity syndromes showed an upward trend; the differences were statistically significant ( < 0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that deficiency and dry heat syndrome was positively correlated with hemoglobin [odds ratio () = 1.022, = 0.005], albumin ( = 1.058, 0.006), and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) ( = 1.020, 0.001) but negatively correlated with male sex ( = 0.277, 0.004). and deficiency syndrome was positively correlated with albumin ( = 1.056, < 0.001) and eGFR ( = 1.008, = 0.022) but negatively correlated with age ( = 0.977, = 0.023). Liver-kidney deficiency syndrome was positively correlated with age ( = 1.028, 0.021) and glycosylated hemoglobin ( = 1.223, 0.007) but negatively correlated with total cholesterol ( = 0.792, = 0.006). Spleen-kidney deficiency syndrome was negatively correlated with hemoglobin ( = 0.977, < 0.001), albumin ( = 0.891, < 0.001), and eGFR ( = 0.978, < 0.001) but positively correlated with high density lipoprotein ( = 3.376, = 0.001).
CONCLUSION
With CKD1-5 progression, TCM syndromes changed from deficiency and dry heat syndrome to syndrome of deficiency of both and , liver-kidney , and spleen-kidney deficiency syndromes. TCM syndromes were correlated with laboratory test results.
Topics: Humans; Male; Female; Middle Aged; Medicine, Chinese Traditional; Aged; Diabetic Nephropathies; Yin Deficiency; Adult; Renal Insufficiency, Chronic; Glomerular Filtration Rate; Yang Deficiency; Aged, 80 and over
PubMed: 38767642
DOI: 10.19852/j.cnki.jtcm.20230802.007 -
Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine... Jun 2024To evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of Shenzhu Guanxin recipe granules (, SGR) in treating patients with intermediate coronary lesions (ICL), and to investigate... (Randomized Controlled Trial)
Randomized Controlled Trial
OBJECTIVE
To evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of Shenzhu Guanxin recipe granules (, SGR) in treating patients with intermediate coronary lesions (ICL), and to investigate the potential mechanism though a transcriptome sequencing approach.
METHODS
ICL patients with deficiency and phlegm stasis were adopted and randomly assigned to a case group or a control by random number generator in a 1:1 randomization ratio to evaluate the clinical efficacy.
RESULTS
There was no significant difference between the two groups in coronary computed tomography angiography related indexes in the two groups before and after intervention. Through the gene chip expression analysis, it is finally concluded that there are 355 differential mRNAs (190 up-regulated genes and 165 down regulated genes) when compared the SGR group and placebo group. Through protein-protein interaction network analysis of differentially expressed genes, 10 hub genes were finally obtained: CACNA2D2, CACNA2D3, DNAJC6, FGF12, SGSM2, CACNA1G, LRP6, KIF25, OXTR, UPB1.
CONCLUSIONS
SGR combined with Western Medicine can be safely used to treat ICL patients with deficiency and phlegm stasis. The possible mechanism of action and relevant gene loci and pathway were proposed.
Topics: Humans; Drugs, Chinese Herbal; Female; Middle Aged; Male; Aged; Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis; Adult; Gene Expression Profiling; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 38767639
DOI: 10.19852/j.cnki.jtcm.20240308.004