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Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer... Jun 2024Breast cancer is one of the most widespread tumors among women worldwide, which is difficult to treat due to the presence of chemoresistance and the risk of tumor...
OBJECTIVE
Breast cancer is one of the most widespread tumors among women worldwide, which is difficult to treat due to the presence of chemoresistance and the risk of tumor recurrence and metastasis. There is a pressing necessity to develop efficient treatments to improve response for treatment and increase prolong survival of breast cancer patients. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) has attracted interest for its features as a noninvasive and relatively selective cancer treatment. This method relies on light-activated photosensitizers that, upon absorbing light, generate reactive oxygen species (ROS) with powerful cell-killing outcomes. Nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB), a transcription factor, plays a key role in cancer development by regulating cell proliferation, differentiation, and survival. Inhibiting NF-κB can sensitize tumor cells to chemotherapeutic agents. Dimethyl fumarate (DMF), an NF-κB inhibitor approved by the FDA for multiple sclerosis treatment, has further shown promise in suppressing breast cancer cell growth in vitro. We hypothesized that combining PDT with Dimethyl fumarate (DMF) could further enhance therapeutic efficacy for both treatment modalities.
METHODS
In the current study, we explored the PDT effect of 1 and 2 mM aminolaevulinic acid (ALA) and low-power He-Ne laser irradiation combined with different concentrations of DMF (2.5, 1.25, or 0.652 µg/ml) against hormone nonresponsive AMJ13 breast cancer cell line that is derived from Iraqi patient.
RESULTS
Our results demonstrated that co-administration with all tested DMF concentrations significantly enhanced the cytotoxicity of PDT antitumor effect. The combination index analysis showed presence of synergism in combining PDT with DMF.
CONCLUSION
This finding suggests that the combination of PDT with DMF could be a promising novel strategy against triple negative breast cancer that could be applied clinically due to the fact that both of these treatments are already clinically approved therapies.
Topics: Humans; Photochemotherapy; NF-kappa B; Photosensitizing Agents; Aminolevulinic Acid; Female; Cell Proliferation; Breast Neoplasms; Dimethyl Fumarate; Apoptosis; Reactive Oxygen Species; Tumor Cells, Cultured; Cell Line, Tumor
PubMed: 38918667
DOI: 10.31557/APJCP.2024.25.6.2051 -
Biosensors & Bioelectronics Oct 2024Light therapy is an effective approach for the treatment of a variety of challenging dermatological conditions. In contrast to existing methods involving high doses and...
Light therapy is an effective approach for the treatment of a variety of challenging dermatological conditions. In contrast to existing methods involving high doses and large areas of illumination, alternative strategies based on wearable designs that utilize a low light dose over an extended period provide a precise and convenient treatment. In this study, we present a battery-free, skin-integrated optoelectronic patch that incorporates a coil-powered circuit, an array of microscale violet and red light emitting diodes (LEDs), and polymer microneedles (MNs) loaded with 5-aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA). These polymer MNs, based on the biodegradable composite materials of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and hyaluronic acid (HA), serve as light waveguides for optical access and a medium for drug release into deeper skin layers. Unlike conventional clinical photomedical appliances with a rigid and fixed light source, this flexible design allows for a conformable light source that can be applied directly to the skin. In animal models with bacterial-infected wounds, the experimental group with the combination treatment of metronomic photodynamic and light therapies reduced 2.48 log CFU mL in bactericidal level compared to the control group, indicating an effective anti-infective response. Furthermore, post-treatment analysis revealed the activation of proregenerative genes in monocyte and macrophage cell populations, suggesting enhanced tissue regeneration, neovascularization, and dermal recovery. Overall, this optoelectronic patch design broadens the scope for targeting deep skin lesions, and provides an alternative with the functionality of standard clinical light therapy methods.
Topics: Animals; Photochemotherapy; Mice; Humans; Polyvinyl Alcohol; Aminolevulinic Acid; Biosensing Techniques; Hyaluronic Acid; Wound Infection; Photosensitizing Agents; Skin; Equipment Design
PubMed: 38901392
DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2024.116467 -
The Journal of Dermatological Treatment Dec 2024To evaluate the efficacy of Mohs micrographic surgery (MMS) combined with photodynamic therapy (PDT) in treating non-invasive extramammary Paget's disease (EMPD).
PURPOSE
To evaluate the efficacy of Mohs micrographic surgery (MMS) combined with photodynamic therapy (PDT) in treating non-invasive extramammary Paget's disease (EMPD).
MATERIALS AND METHODS
A 77-year-old male patient with non-invasive EMPD was treated with MMS followed by PDT. Preoperative fluorescence localization using 5-aminolevulinic acid (ALA) was performed to determine the surgical scope. MMS was conducted under lumbar anesthesia with intraoperative frozen-section pathology. Postoperative PDT was administered weekly for three sessions.
RESULTS
The patient achieved negative surgical margins after two rounds of intraoperative pathology. Postoperative follow-up over two years showed no recurrence, and the patient did not experience significant adverse reactions.
CONCLUSION
The combination of MMS and PDT was effective in treating non-invasive EMPD, demonstrating favorable clinical outcomes and no recurrence over the two-year follow-up period.
Topics: Humans; Male; Aged; Mohs Surgery; Paget Disease, Extramammary; Photochemotherapy; Aminolevulinic Acid; Skin Neoplasms; Photosensitizing Agents; Treatment Outcome; Combined Modality Therapy; Margins of Excision
PubMed: 38897607
DOI: 10.1080/09546634.2024.2368066 -
International Journal of Molecular... Jun 2024Curcumin is a natural compound that is considered safe and may have potential health benefits; however, its poor stability and water insolubility limit its therapeutic...
Curcumin is a natural compound that is considered safe and may have potential health benefits; however, its poor stability and water insolubility limit its therapeutic applications. Different strategies aim to increase its water solubility. Here, we tested the compound PVP-curcumin as a photosensitizer for antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) as well as its potential to act as an adjuvant in antibiotic drug therapy. Gram-negative K12 and Gram-positive were subjected to aPDT using various PVP-curcumin concentrations (1-200 µg/mL) and 475 nm blue light (7.5-45 J/cm). Additionally, results were compared to aPDT using 415 nm blue light. Gene expression of and were analyzed via RT-qPCR to assess effects on the bacterial SOS response. Further, the potentiation of Ciprofloxacin by PVP-curcumin was investigated, as well as its potential to prevent the emergence of antibiotic resistance. Both bacterial strains were efficiently reduced when irradiated with 415 nm blue light (2.2 J/cm) and 10 µg/mL curcumin. Using 475 nm blue light, bacterial reduction followed a biphasic effect with higher efficacy in compared to K12. PVP-curcumin decreased expression but had limited effect regarding enhancing antibiotic treatment or impeding resistance development. PVP-curcumin demonstrated effectiveness as a photosensitizer against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria but did not modulate the bacterial SOS response.
Topics: Curcumin; Photosensitizing Agents; Rec A Recombinases; Ciprofloxacin; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Photochemotherapy; SOS Response, Genetics; Escherichia coli K12; Escherichia coli Proteins; Povidone; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Escherichia coli; Light; DNA-Binding Proteins
PubMed: 38892328
DOI: 10.3390/ijms25116140 -
International Journal of Molecular... May 2024Anti-tumor photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a unique modality that employs a photosensitizer (PS), PS-exciting light, and O to generate cytotoxic oxidants. For various... (Review)
Review
Anti-tumor photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a unique modality that employs a photosensitizer (PS), PS-exciting light, and O to generate cytotoxic oxidants. For various reasons, not all malignant cells in any given tumor will succumb to a PDT challenge. Previous studies by the authors revealed that nitric oxide (NO) from inducible NO synthase (iNOS/NOS2) plays a key role in tumor cell resistance and also stimulation of migratory/invasive aggressiveness of surviving cells. iNOS was the only NOS isoform implicated in these effects. Significantly, NO from stress-upregulated iNOS was much more important in this regard than NO from preexisting enzymes. Greater NO-dependent resistance, migration, and invasion was observed with at least three different cancer cell lines, and this was attenuated by iNOS activity inhibitors, NO scavengers, or an iNOS transcriptional inhibitor. NO diffusing from PDT-targeted cells also stimulated migration/invasion potency of non-targeted bystander cells. Unless counteracted by appropriate measures, all these effects could seriously compromise clinical PDT efficacy. Here, we will review specific examples of these negative side effects of PDT and how they might be suppressed by adjuvants such as NO scavengers or inhibitors of iNOS activity or expression.
Topics: Humans; Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II; Cell Movement; Nitric Oxide; Photochemotherapy; Neoplasm Invasiveness; Neoplasms; Animals; Up-Regulation; Photosensitizing Agents
PubMed: 38891885
DOI: 10.3390/ijms25115697 -
Mycopathologia Jun 2024Dermatophyte biofilms frequently count for inadequate responses and resistance to standard antifungal treatments, resulting in refractory chronic onychomycosis... (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study
Dermatophyte biofilms frequently count for inadequate responses and resistance to standard antifungal treatments, resulting in refractory chronic onychomycosis infection. Although antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) has clinically proven to exert significant antifungal effects or even capable of eradicating dermatophyte biofilms, considerably less is known about the molecular mechanisms underlying aPDT and the potential dysregulation of signaling networks that could antagonize its action. The aim of this study is to elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlining aPDT combat against dermatophyte biofilm in recalcitrant onychomycosis and to decipher the potential detoxification processes elicited by aPDT, facilitating the development of more effective photodynamic interventions. We applied genome-wide comparative transcriptome analysis to investigate how aPDT disrupting onychomycosis biofilm formed by three distinct dermatophytes, including Trichophyton rubrum, Trichophyton mentagrophytes, and Microsporum gypseum, the most frequently occurring pathogenic species. In total, 352.13 Gb of clean data were obtained for the transcriptomes of dermatophyte biofilms with or without aPDT treatment, resulting in 2,422.42 million reads with GC content of 51.84%, covering 99.9%, 98.5% and 99.4% of annotated genes of T. rubrum, T. mentagrophytes, and M. gypseum, respectively. The genome-wide orthologous analysis identified 6624 transcribed single-copy orthologous genes in all three species, and 36.5%, 6.8% and 17.9% of which were differentially expressed following aPDT treatment. Integrative orthology analysis demonstrated the upregulation of oxidoreductase activities is a highly conserved detoxification signaling alteration in response to aPDT across all investigated dermatophyte biofilms. This study provided new insights into the molecular mechanisms underneath anti-dermatophyte biofilm effects of aPDT and successfully identified a conserved detoxification regulation upon the aPDT application.
Topics: Biofilms; Photochemotherapy; Gene Expression Profiling; Arthrodermataceae; Microsporum; Humans; Antifungal Agents; Onychomycosis; Transcriptome
PubMed: 38890181
DOI: 10.1007/s11046-024-00865-y -
International Wound Journal Jun 2024Bacterial infection is the most common complication in wound healing, highlighting an urgent need for the development of innovative antibacterial technologies and...
A win-win platform: Stabilized black phosphorous nanosheets loading gallium ions for enhancing the healing of bacterial-infected wounds through synergistic antibacterial approaches.
Bacterial infection is the most common complication in wound healing, highlighting an urgent need for the development of innovative antibacterial technologies and treatments to address the growing threats posed by bacterial infections. Black phosphorus nanosheets (BPNSs), as a promising two-dimensional nanomaterial, have been utilized in treating infected wounds. However, BP's limited stability restricts its application. In this study, we enhance BP's stability and its antibacterial properties by anchoring gallium ions (Ga) onto BP's surface, creating a novel antibacterial platform. This modification reduces BP's electron density and enhances its antibacterial capabilities through a synergistic effect. Under near-infrared (NIR) irradiation, the BP/Ga combination exerts antibacterial effects via photothermal therapy (PTT) and photodynamic therapy (PDT), while also releasing Ga. The Ga employ a 'Trojan horse strategy' to disrupt iron metabolism, significantly boosting the antibacterial efficacy of the complex. This innovative material offers a viable alternative to antibiotics and holds significant promise for treating infected wounds and aiding skin reconstruction.
Topics: Gallium; Wound Healing; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Phosphorus; Humans; Animals; Nanostructures; Wound Infection; Photochemotherapy; Bacterial Infections; Mice; Photothermal Therapy
PubMed: 38888416
DOI: 10.1111/iwj.14940 -
International Journal of Nanomedicine 2024Phototherapy, known for its high selectivity, few side effects, strong controllability, and synergistic enhancement of combined treatments, is widely used in treating...
Tumor Cell-Targeting and Tumor Microenvironment-Responsive Nanoplatforms for the Multimodal Imaging-Guided Photodynamic/Photothermal/Chemodynamic Treatment of Cervical Cancer.
PURPOSE
Phototherapy, known for its high selectivity, few side effects, strong controllability, and synergistic enhancement of combined treatments, is widely used in treating diseases like cervical cancer.
METHODS
In this study, hollow mesoporous manganese dioxide was used as a carrier to construct positively charged, poly(allylamine hydrochloride)-modified nanoparticles (NPs). The NP was efficiently loaded with the photosensitizer indocyanine green (ICG) via the addition of hydrogen phosphate ions to produce a counterion aggregation effect. HeLa cell membrane encapsulation was performed to achieve the final M-HMnO@ICG NP. In this structure, the HMnO carrier responsively degrades to release ICG in the tumor microenvironment, self-generates O for sensitization to ICG-mediated photodynamic therapy (PDT), and consumes GSH to expand the oxidative stress therapeutic effect [chemodynamic therapy (CDT) + PDT]. The ICG accumulated in tumor tissues exerts a synergistic PDT/photothermal therapy (PTT) effect through single laser irradiation, improving efficiency and reducing side effects. The cell membrane encapsulation increases nanomedicine accumulation in tumor tissues and confers an immune evasion ability. In addition, high local temperatures induced by PTT can enhance CDT. These properties of the NP enable full achievement of PTT/PDT/CDT and targeted effects.
RESULTS
Mn can serve as a magnetic resonance imaging agent to guide therapy, and ICG can be used for photothermal and fluorescence imaging. After its intravenous injection, M-HMnO@ICG accumulated effectively at mouse tumor sites; the optimal timing of in-vivo laser treatment could be verified by near-infrared fluorescence, magnetic resonance, and photothermal imaging. The M-HMnO@ICG NPs had the best antitumor effects among treatment groups under near-infrared light conditions, and showed good biocompatibility.
CONCLUSION
In this study, we designed a nano-biomimetic delivery system that improves hypoxia, responds to the tumor microenvironment, and efficiently loads ICG. It provides a new economical and convenient strategy for synergistic phototherapy and CDT for cervical cancer.
Topics: Uterine Cervical Neoplasms; Female; Tumor Microenvironment; Humans; Indocyanine Green; Photochemotherapy; Animals; HeLa Cells; Photosensitizing Agents; Nanoparticles; Manganese Compounds; Mice; Multimodal Imaging; Photothermal Therapy; Oxides; Mice, Inbred BALB C; Polyamines; Magnetic Resonance Imaging
PubMed: 38887692
DOI: 10.2147/IJN.S466042 -
The Journal of Chemical Physics Jun 2024Zinc tungstate is a semiconductor known for its favorable photocatalytic, photoluminescence, and scintillation properties, coupled with its relatively low cost, reduced...
Zinc tungstate is a semiconductor known for its favorable photocatalytic, photoluminescence, and scintillation properties, coupled with its relatively low cost, reduced toxicity, and high stability in biological and catalytic environments. In particular, zinc tungstate evinces scintillation properties, namely the ability to emit visible light upon absorption of energetic radiation such as x rays, which has led to applications not only as radiation detectors but also for biomedical applications involving the delivery of optical light to deep tissue, such as photodynamic therapy and optogenetics. Here, we report on the synthesis of zinc tungstate nanorods generated via an optimized but facile method, which allows for synthetic control over the aspect ratio of the as-synthesized anisotropic motifs via rational variation of the solution pH. We investigate the effect of aspect ratio on their resulting photoluminescent and radioluminescent properties. We further demonstrate the potential of these zinc tungstate nanorods for biomedical applications, such as photodynamic therapy for cancer treatment, by analyzing their toxicological profile within cell lines and neurons.
Topics: Tungsten Compounds; Nanotubes; Humans; Animals; Photochemotherapy; Cell Survival; Zinc Compounds; Mice; Neurons; Zinc
PubMed: 38884404
DOI: 10.1063/5.0209935 -
International Journal of Nanomedicine 2024Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a non-invasive therapy that has made significant progress in treating different diseases, including cancer, by utilizing new nanotechnology... (Review)
Review
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a non-invasive therapy that has made significant progress in treating different diseases, including cancer, by utilizing new nanotechnology products such as graphene and its derivatives. Graphene-based materials have large surface area and photothermal effects thereby making them suitable candidates for PDT or photo-active drug carriers. The remarkable photophysical properties of graphene derivates facilitate the efficient generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) upon light irradiation, which destroys cancer cells. Surface functionalization of graphene and its materials can also enhance their biocompatibility and anticancer activity. The paper delves into the distinct roles played by graphene-based materials in PDT such as photosensitizers (PS) and drug carriers while at the same time considers how these materials could be used to circumvent cancer resistance. This will provide readers with an extensive discussion of various pathways contributing to PDT inefficiency. Consequently, this comprehensive review underscores the vital roles that graphene and its derivatives may play in emerging PDT strategies for cancer treatment and other medical purposes. With a better comprehension of the current state of research and the existing challenges, the integration of graphene-based materials in PDT holds great promise for developing targeted, effective, and personalized cancer treatments.
Topics: Graphite; Photochemotherapy; Humans; Neoplasms; Photosensitizing Agents; Reactive Oxygen Species; Drug Resistance, Neoplasm; Drug Carriers; Animals
PubMed: 38882538
DOI: 10.2147/IJN.S461300