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Frontiers in Bioscience (Landmark... Jun 2024Dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) have self-renewal and multidirectional differentiation potentials. As such, DPSCs have a wide range of clinical applications. Low-level...
BACKGROUND
Dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) have self-renewal and multidirectional differentiation potentials. As such, DPSCs have a wide range of clinical applications. Low-level laser therapy (LLLT) has positive photobiostimulatory effects on cell proliferation, angiogenesis, osteogenic differentiation, bone regeneration, and fracture healing. However, there have been few studies on the effect of low-energy lasers on DPSC proliferation.
METHODS
DPSCs were obtained from dental pulp tissue. The effects of LLLT on the proliferation of DPSCs and the associated mechanisms were investigated by culture and laser irradiation.
RESULTS
LLLT with energy densities of 3.5 J/cm2 and 14 J/cm2promoted the proliferation of DPSCs. Differential protein expression studies suggested the stimulation of DPSC proliferation by LLLT involved the PI3K-Akt and Rap1 signaling pathways, as well as the apoptosis-related pathway.
CONCLUSION
This preliminary study demonstrated that low-energy lasers have a pro-proliferative effect on DPSCs, and identified possible associated mechanisms. Our findings provide a theoretical basis for the clinical application of DPSCs and suggest novel strategies for the treatment of related diseases.
Topics: Dental Pulp; Cell Proliferation; Humans; Stem Cells; Low-Level Light Therapy; Cells, Cultured; Signal Transduction; Apoptosis; Cell Differentiation
PubMed: 38940041
DOI: 10.31083/j.fbl2906211 -
Frontiers in Bioscience (Landmark... May 2024Circadian rhythms, the natural cycles of physical, mental, and behavioral changes that follow a roughly 24-hour cycle, are known to have a profound effect on the human... (Review)
Review
Circadian rhythms, the natural cycles of physical, mental, and behavioral changes that follow a roughly 24-hour cycle, are known to have a profound effect on the human body. Light plays an important role in the regulation of circadian rhythm in human body. When light from the outside enters the eyes, cones, rods, and specialized retinal ganglion cells receive the light signal and transmit it to the suprachiasmatic nucleus of the hypothalamus. The central rhythm oscillator of the suprachiasmatic nucleus regulates the rhythm oscillator of tissues all over the body. Circadian rhythms, the natural cycles of physical, mental, and behavioral changes that follow a roughly 24-hour cycle, are known to have a profound effect on the human body. As the largest organ in the human body, skin plays an important role in the peripheral circadian rhythm regulation system. Like photoreceptor cells in the retina, melanocytes express opsins. Studies show that melanocytes in the skin are also sensitive to light, allowing the skin to "see" light even without the eyes. Upon receiving light signals, melanocytes in the skin release hormones that maintain homeostasis. This process is called "photoneuroendocrinology", which supports the health effects of light exposure. However, inappropriate light exposure, such as prolonged work in dark environments or exposure to artificial light at night, can disrupt circadian rhythms. Such disruptions are linked to a variety of health issues, emphasizing the need for proper light management in daily life. Conversely, harnessing light's beneficial effects through phototherapy is gaining attention as an adjunctive treatment modality. Despite these advancements, the field of circadian rhythm research still faces several unresolved issues and emerging challenges. One of the most exciting prospects is the use of the skin's photosensitivity to treat diseases. This approach could revolutionize how we think about and manage various health conditions, leveraging the skin's unique ability to respond to light for therapeutic purposes. As research continues to unravel the complexities of circadian rhythms and their impact on health, the potential for innovative treatments and improved wellbeing is immense.
Topics: Humans; Circadian Rhythm; Animals; Light; Signal Transduction
PubMed: 38940028
DOI: 10.31083/j.fbl2906206 -
The Canadian Journal of Infectious... 2024SARS-CoV-2 is a virus that affects the human immune system. It was observed to be on the rise since the beginning of 2020 and turned into a life-threatening pandemic.... (Review)
Review
SARS-CoV-2 is a virus that affects the human immune system. It was observed to be on the rise since the beginning of 2020 and turned into a life-threatening pandemic. Scientists have tried to develop a possible preventive and therapeutic drug against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) and other related coronaviruses by assessing COVID-19-recovered persons' immunity. This study aims to review immunization against SARS-CoV-2, along with exploring the interventions that have been developed for the prevention of SARS-CoV-2. This study also highlighted the role of phototherapy in treating SARS-CoV infection. The study adopted a review approach to gathering the information available and the progress that has been made in the treatment and prevention of COVID-19. Various vaccinations, including nucleotide, subunit, and vector-based vaccines, as well as attenuated and inactivated forms that have already been shown to have prophylactic efficacy against the Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) and SARS-CoV, have been summarized. Neutralizing and non-neutralizing antibodies are all associated with viral infections. Because there is no specific antiviral vaccine or therapies for coronaviruses, the main treatment strategy is supportive care, which is reinforced by combining broad-spectrum antivirals, convalescent plasma, and corticosteroids. COVID-19 has been a challenge to keep reconsidering the usual approaches to regulatory evaluation as a result of getting mixed and complicated findings on the vaccines, as well as licensing procedures. However, it is observed that medicinal herbs also play an important role in treating infection of the upper respiratory tract, the principal symptom of SARS-CoV due to their natural bioactive composite. However, some Traditional Chinese Medicines contain mutagens and nephrotoxins and the toxicological properties of the majority of Chinese herbal remedies are unknown. Therefore, to treat the COVID-19 infection along with conventional treatment, it is recommended that herb-drug interaction be examined thoroughly.
PubMed: 38938549
DOI: 10.1155/2024/9952803 -
Open Veterinary Journal May 2024Canine cognitive dysfunction (CCD) is considered the canine version of human Alzheimer's disease (AD). As with AD, CCD is a multifactorial and progressive...
BACKGROUND
Canine cognitive dysfunction (CCD) is considered the canine version of human Alzheimer's disease (AD). As with AD, CCD is a multifactorial and progressive neurodegenerative disorder for which effective treatment options are continuously being sought. Transcranial photobiomodulation (tPBMT) or transcranial laser therapy has shown promise as a treatment for cognitive impairment in rodent AD investigations and several human AD clinical trials.
AIM
The purpose of this prospective case series was to evaluate the effect of tPBMT on cognitive scores when applied to senior dogs with CCD over a 60-day period.
METHODS
Five senior (>9-year-old) dogs with moderate (16-33) to severe (>33) cognitive scores were enrolled. Owners were instructed on the use of a Class IM laser device and administered a specific dose of laser energy transcranially to both sides of the patient's head, three times per week for one month and two times per week for a second month. No additional therapeutic measures aimed at enhancing cognitive ability were permitted during the 60-day evaluation time. Baseline cognitive scores were compared with scores obtained at 30- and 60-days post-treatment.
RESULTS
Cognitive scores showed improvement in 4/5 dogs at 30 days (27.6% reduction) and all dogs at 60 days (43.4% reduction). There were no adverse effects attributable to tPBMT.
CONCLUSION
Results of our small case series suggest that tPBMT may improve cognitive scores in dogs with moderate to severe CCD by 30 days of application and the improvement is sustained at 60 days. Further studies are needed to ascertain optimal tPBMT protocols for CCD.
Topics: Dogs; Animals; Low-Level Light Therapy; Dog Diseases; Cognitive Dysfunction; Male; Female; Prospective Studies
PubMed: 38938435
DOI: 10.5455/OVJ.2024.v14.i5.11 -
Lasers in Medical Science Jun 2024Telangiectasias are the most frequent type of sequelae of infantile hemangiomas after involution. Few studies have reported the treatment of telangiectasias with 595-nm...
Telangiectasias are the most frequent type of sequelae of infantile hemangiomas after involution. Few studies have reported the treatment of telangiectasias with 595-nm pulsed dye lasers. Therefore, the objective of this study was to assess the efficacy and safety of a 595-nm pulsed dye laser for treating residual telangiectasias following hemangioma involution. This is a retrospective case series that analyzes the medical records and reviews the charts of 22 patients who had undergone 595-nm pulsed dye laser treatment for residual telangiectasias. Pre- and post-treatment digital images were independently assessed, and the changes were scored to ascertain the efficacy of the treatment (0 = no change, 4 = complete improvement). Of the 22 patients, 59.1% experienced complete resolution of telangiectasias following treatment. No serious complications or side effects were reported. The observations indicate that the 595-nm pulsed dye laser is effective and safe for treating residual telangiectasias following hemangioma involution.
Topics: Humans; Retrospective Studies; Lasers, Dye; Telangiectasis; Female; Male; Infant; Hemangioma; Treatment Outcome; Child, Preschool; Low-Level Light Therapy
PubMed: 38935161
DOI: 10.1007/s10103-024-04113-z -
Voprosy Kurortologii, Fizioterapii, I... 2024To analyze the effects and tolerability of physiotherapeutic methods with optical radiation (phototherapy) in acute respiratory diseases (ARD) on the basis of the modern...
OBJECTIVE
To analyze the effects and tolerability of physiotherapeutic methods with optical radiation (phototherapy) in acute respiratory diseases (ARD) on the basis of the modern scientific literature data and the results of doctors and patients survey.
MATERIAL AND METHODS
An analysis of regulatory sources and modern scientific literature on the subject of research, survey of 200 patients with ARD and 100 primary care physicians of the Central Federal District on their sociomedical status and awareness of phototherapeutic treatment methods were conducted.
RESULTS
Phototherapy in ARD have demonstrated chromogenic, immunostimulating, photosensitizing, vitamin-forming, trophostimulating, anti-inflammatory, analgesic, desensitizing, bactericidal and mycocidal, metabolic, coagulo-correcting therapeutic effects. Patients and doctors have been insufficiently aware of phototherapy methods and used them in practice relatively rare. A significant proportion of patients had ARD risk factors, namely teamwork, tobacco smoking and chronic diseases.
CONCLUSION
1. The therapeutic effects of all types of phototherapy in acute respiratory infections are interrelated with their etiopathogenesis. 2. Patients and doctors are insufficiently informed and relatively rarely use phototherapy methods. 3. A significant proportion of patients have risk factors for acute respiratory infections: teamwork (88%), tobacco smoking (68%) and chronic diseases (52%).
Topics: Humans; Phototherapy; Acute Disease; Male; Female; Adult; Respiratory Tract Diseases; Respiratory Tract Infections; Middle Aged
PubMed: 38934955
DOI: 10.17116/kurort202410103124 -
Macromolecular Rapid Communications Jun 2024In this study, porous polymers with nitrogen heterocyclic core structures were synthesised through the condensation of enaminonitrile and terephthalaldehyde monomers....
In this study, porous polymers with nitrogen heterocyclic core structures were synthesised through the condensation of enaminonitrile and terephthalaldehyde monomers. These polymers were used as a platform to store bioactive nitric oxide (NO) and control its release. NO loading was achieved by nitrosating the polymers with acidified nitrite, a process that also imparted photoresponsivity to the polymers. Polymer composition and porosity affect NO storage and release. It was observed that under UV light at 365 nm in a PBS solution, the polymers (NO@DHP-POP) can release NO in a manner fully controlled by UV lighting. Under experimental conditions, these porous polymers released NO at a rate of approximately 10.0 - 50.0 μmol g⁻¹ over 60 minutes. These findings demonstrate the potential of these polymers for integrating NO delivery into phototherapy applications. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
PubMed: 38934622
DOI: 10.1002/marc.202400142 -
Gynecologic and Obstetric Investigation Jun 2024Objectives The limited data regarding obstetrical outcomes in multiple pregnancies following both fresh embryo transfer and frozen-thawed embryo transfer (FET), along...
Objectives The limited data regarding obstetrical outcomes in multiple pregnancies following both fresh embryo transfer and frozen-thawed embryo transfer (FET), along with the association between multiple pregnancies and increased pregnancy complications compared to singleton pregnancies, highlights the need for research on this topic. Therefore, this study aimed to compare obstetrical and neonatal outcomes of twin pregnancies after fresh embryo transfer versus FET. Design A retrospective single-center study. Participants IVF dichorionic twin pregnancies ≥23 weeks of gestation during 2010-2022. Setting Galilee Medical Center, a tertiary-care university affiliated hospital, Israel. Methods We conducted a comparative analysis of obstetrical and neonatal outcomes between IVF dichorionic twin pregnancies after fresh embryo transfer and those after FET. This analysis included variables such as gestational age at delivery, birthweight, preterm birth rates, low birthweight rates, neonatal intensive care unit admissions and complications related to prematurity. Results The study included 389 IVF twin pregnancies: 253 after fresh embryo transfer and 136 after FET. Following fresh embryo transfer compared to FET, the mean gestational age at delivery was earlier (34.92 vs. 35.88 weeks, p=0.001) and the rate of preterm birth (<37 weeks) was higher (70.4% vs. 53.7%, p=0.001). This difference in gestational age at delivery remained significant after adjustment for maternal age, parity, and BMI (OR=2.11, 95% CI 2.11-3.27, p=0.001). Similarly, the difference in preterm birth rates remained significant after adjustment of the same variables (p=0.001). For the fresh embryo transfer compared to the FET group, the mean birthweight was lower (2179.72 vs. 2353.35 grams, p=0.003); and low birthweight and very low birthweight rates were higher (71.2% vs. 56.3%, p<0.001 and 13.5% vs. 6.7%, p=0.004, respectively). For the fresh embryo transfer compared to the FET group, the proportions were higher of neonates admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit (23.3% vs. 16.0%, p=0.019), of neonates with respiratory distress syndrome (10.5% vs. 5.9%, p=0.045) and those needing phototherapy (23.3% vs. 16.0%, p=0.019). Limitations Limitations of the study include its retrospective nature. Furthermore, we were unable to adjust for some confounders, such as the number of eggs retrieved, the number of embryos transferred, and methods for ovarian stimulation or preparation of the endometrium for embryo transfer. Conclusions Obstetrical and neonatal outcomes of twin pregnancies were worse after fresh embryo transfer than after FET. The findings support favorable fetal outcomes after FET and support the current trend of shifting from fresh embryo transfer to FET. Prospective studies are needed to support our results.
PubMed: 38934163
DOI: 10.1159/000539997 -
Sheng Wu Yi Xue Gong Cheng Xue Za Zhi =... Jun 2024Near-infrared fluorescence imaging technology, which possesses superior advantages including real-time and fast imaging, high spatial and temporal resolution, and deep... (Review)
Review
Near-infrared fluorescence imaging technology, which possesses superior advantages including real-time and fast imaging, high spatial and temporal resolution, and deep tissue penetration, shows great potential for tumor imaging and therapy. Ⅰ-Ⅲ-Ⅵ quantum dots exhibit high brightness, broad excitation, easily tunable emission wavelength and superior stability, and do not contain highly toxic heavy metal elements such as cadmium or lead. These advantages make Ⅰ-Ⅲ-Ⅵ quantum dots attract widespread attention in biomedical field. This review summarizes the recent advances in the controlled synthesis of Ⅰ-Ⅲ-Ⅵ quantum dots and their applications in tumor imaging and therapy. Firstly, the organic-phase and aqueous-phase synthesis of Ⅰ-Ⅲ-Ⅵ quantum dots as well as the strategies for regulating the near-infrared photoluminescence are briefly introduced; secondly, representative biomedical applications of near-infrared-emitting cadmium-free quantum dots including early diagnosis of tumor, lymphatic imaging, drug delivery, photothermal and photodynamic therapy are emphatically discussed; lastly, perspectives on the future directions of developing quantum dots for biomedical application and the faced challenges are discussed. This paper may provide guidance and reference for further research and clinical translation of cadmium-free quantum dots in tumor diagnosis and treatment.
Topics: Quantum Dots; Humans; Cadmium; Neoplasms; Optical Imaging; Animals; Photochemotherapy; Drug Delivery Systems; Infrared Rays; Spectroscopy, Near-Infrared
PubMed: 38932550
DOI: 10.7507/1001-5515.202404002 -
Advanced Science (Weinheim,... Jun 2024Lanthanide-based NIR-II-emitting materials (1000-1700 nm) show promise for optoelectronic devices, phototherapy, and bioimaging. However, one major bottleneck to...
Lanthanide-based NIR-II-emitting materials (1000-1700 nm) show promise for optoelectronic devices, phototherapy, and bioimaging. However, one major bottleneck to prevent their widespread use lies in low quantum efficiencies, which are significantly constrained by various quenching effects. Here, a highly oriented (222) facet is achieved via facet engineering for CsNaErCl double perovskites, enabling near-complete suppression of NIR-II luminescence quenching. The optimally (222)-oriented CsAgNaErCl microcrystals emit Er 1540 nm light with unprecedented high quantum efficiencies of 90 ± 6% under 379 nm UV excitation (ultralarge Stokes shift >1000 nm), and a record near-unity quantum yield of 98.6% is also obtained for (222)-based CsNaYbErCl microcrystallites under 980 nm excitation. With combined experimental and theoretical studies, the underlying mechanism of facet-dependent Er 1540 nm emissions is revealed, which can contribute to surface asymmetry-induced breakdown of parity-forbidden transition and suppression of undesired non-radiative processes. Further, the role of surface quenching is reexamined by molecular dynamics based on two facets, highlighting the drastic two-phonon coupling effect of a hydroxyl group to I level of Er. Surface-functionalized facets will provide new insights for tunable luminescence in double perovskites, and open up a new avenue for developing highly efficient NIR-II emitters toward broad applications.
PubMed: 38932471
DOI: 10.1002/advs.202403198