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3 Biotech Oct 2023is a genus of Gram-positive bacteria known for potential industrial and agricultural applications. Here, we report the first draft genome sequence and phylogenomic...
UNLABELLED
is a genus of Gram-positive bacteria known for potential industrial and agricultural applications. Here, we report the first draft genome sequence and phylogenomic analysis of a CRISPR-carrying, multidrug-resistant, novel candidate sp. NCCP-2050 isolated from agricultural soil in Pakistan. The strain NCCP-2050 exhibited significant resistance to various classes of antibiotics, including fluoroquinolones (i.e., ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin, ofloxacin, moxifloxacin, and bacitracin), cephalosporins (cefotaxime, ceftazidime, cefoperazone), rifamycins (rifampicin), macrolides (erythromycin), and glycopeptides (vancomycin). sp. NCCP-2050 consists of genome size of 3,463,905 bp, comprised of 3639 annotated genes, including 82 carbohydrate-active enzyme genes and 39 secondary metabolite genes. The genome also contained 80 antibiotic resistance, 162 virulence, and 305 pathogen-host interaction genes along with two CRISPR arrays. Based on phylogenomic analysis, digital DNA-DNA hybridization, and average nucleotide identity values (i.e., 35.4 and 88.5%, respectively) it was suggested that strain NCCP-2050 might represent a potential new species within the genus .
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION
The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13205-023-03748-z.
PubMed: 37663752
DOI: 10.1007/s13205-023-03748-z -
International Journal of Microbiology 2023Zambia has seen rapid development in aquaculture, and in recent years, the industry has experienced disease outbreaks where fish have increasingly become a potential...
Zambia has seen rapid development in aquaculture, and in recent years, the industry has experienced disease outbreaks where fish have increasingly become a potential contributor to emerging bacterial zoonotic diseases. The aim of this study was to identify bacterial pathogens with zoonotic potential in apparently healthy fish and water from their habitat. A total of sixty-three fish were sampled, and fifty-nine water samples were collected from the habitats of these fish. Bacteria were cultured from the internal organs of fish and water, and these were identified through standard bacteriological methods comprising morphological characterization, Gram-staining, and a panel of biochemical tests. The following bacterial pathogens with zoonotic potential were identified at a farm prevalence of (13.2%), (2.1%), (2.1%), (0.7%), (6.9%), (2.1%), (0.7%), (18.1%), and (0.7). Other bacteria with varying significance as fish pathogens identified included (2.1%), (1.4%), (1.4%), (2.1%), (10.4%), (3.5%), (1.4%), (1.4%), (2.1%), (4.2%), (6.9%), (1.4%), (1.4%), (6.3%), (1.4%), (1.4%), (0.7%), and (0.7%). The current study provides baseline information for future reference and the implementation of public health guidelines with regard to potential zoonotic diseases in fish.
PubMed: 37333886
DOI: 10.1155/2023/6650378 -
International Journal of Biological... Aug 2023Polysaccharides derived from microorganisms exhibit diverse structures and bioactivities, making them promising candidates for the treatment of various diseases....
The structure, characterization and immunomodulatory potential of exopolysaccharide produced by Planococcus rifietoensis AP-5 from deep-sea sediments of the Northwest Pacific.
Polysaccharides derived from microorganisms exhibit diverse structures and bioactivities, making them promising candidates for the treatment of various diseases. However, marine-derived polysaccharides and their activities are relatively little known. In this work, fifteen marine strains were isolated from surface sediments in the Northwest Pacific Ocean for screening of EPS production. Planococcus rifietoensis AP-5 produced a maximum yield of EPS at 4.80 g/L. The purified EPS (referred to as PPS) had a molecular weight of 51,062 Da and contained amino, hydroxyl, and carbonyl groups as its major functional groups. PPS primarily consisted of →3)-α-D-Galp-(1 → 4)-α-D-Manp-(1 → 2)-α-D-Manp-(1 → 4)-α-D-Manp-(1 → 4,6)-α-D-Glcp-(1 → 6)-β-D-Galp-(1→, with a branch consisting of T-β-D-Glcp-(1→. Additionally, surface morphology of PPS was hollow, porous, and sphere-like stack. PPS primarily contained C, N, and O elements, with a surface area of 33.76 m/g, a pore volume of 0.13 cc/g, and a pore diameter of 1.69 nm, respectively. Based on the TG curve, the degradation temperature of PPS was measured to be 247 °C. Furthermore, PPS demonstrated immunomodulatory activity through dose-dependently upregulating the expression level of cytokines. It significantly enhanced the cytokine secretion at a concentration of 5 μg/mL. To sum up, this study offers valuable insights for screening marine polysaccharide-based immunomodulators.
Topics: Polysaccharides; Immunologic Factors; Cytokines; Molecular Weight
PubMed: 37331538
DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.125452 -
Frontiers in Microbiology 2023Two novel Gram-positive bacteria, designated strains REN8 and REN14, were isolated from pit mud in Sichuan Province, China. REN8 achieved the best growth at 37°C, a pH...
Two novel Gram-positive bacteria, designated strains REN8 and REN14, were isolated from pit mud in Sichuan Province, China. REN8 achieved the best growth at 37°C, a pH of 8.0, and a NaCl concentration of 2%, while REN14 displayed optimal growth at 37°C, a pH of 6.0, and a NaCl concentration of 1%. 16S rRNA and genomic phylogenetic analysis showed that REN8 and REN14 were clustered with the genus . The genomic DNA G + C contents of REN8 and REN14 were 46.7 and 45.1 mol%, respectively. The dDDH and ANI values were 24.5 and 80.43% between REN8 and (the most closely related type strain) and 25.1 and 82.42% between REN14 and (the most closely related type strain). Genomic analysis showed that several carbohydrate-active enzymes and secondary metabolite gene clusters existed in REN8 and REN14. Chemotaxonomic characteristics of REN8 and REN14 included major fatty acids, predominant menaquinones, and polar lipids, all of which were consistent with the genus . Based on the polyphasic taxonomic method, these two strains represent two novel species of the genus ; the name sp. nov. is proposed for the type strain REN8 (=JCM 33964 = GDMCC 1.2213), and the name sp. nov. is proposed for the type strain REN14 (=JCM 34410 = GDMCC 1.2209). The addition of REN8 and REN14 might improve the quality of by considerably increasing the amino acid nitrogen content and acidity and decreasing the bioamine content, with no significant change in alcohol content.
PubMed: 37250023
DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1139810 -
Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) May 2023Bacterial secondary metabolites are a valuable source of various molecules that have antibacterial and anticancer activity. In this study, ten endosymbiotic bacteria of...
Bacterial secondary metabolites are a valuable source of various molecules that have antibacterial and anticancer activity. In this study, ten endosymbiotic bacteria of aphids, aphid predators and ants were isolated. Bacterial strains were identified according to the 16S rRNA gene. Ethyl acetate fractions of methanol extract (EA-ME) were prepared from each isolated bacterium and tested for their antibacterial activities using the disk diffusion method. The EA-ME of three bacterial species, sp., , , from the pomegranate aphids , , and , respectively, exhibited elevated antibacterial activity against one or several of the five pathogenic bacteria tested. The inhibition zones ranged from 10.00 ± 0.13 to 20.00 ± 1.11 mm, with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values ranging from 0.156 mg/mL to 1.25 mg/mL. The most notable antibacterial activity was found in the EA-ME of against and , with an MIC value of 0.156 mg/mL. The cytotoxic activity of EA-ME was dependent on the cell line tested. The most significant cytotoxicity effect was observed for extracts of and , at 12.5 µg/mL, against the epithelial cells of lung carcinoma (A549), with a cell reduction of 79.4% and 67.2%, respectively. For the EA-ME of and at 12.5 µg/mL, 69.4% and 67.8% cell reduction were observed against human colon cancer (Hct116), respectively. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis of three EA-ME revealed the presence of several bioactive secondary metabolites that have been reported previously to possess antibacterial and anticancer properties. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to examine the biological activities of endosymbiotic bacteria in aphids, aphid predators and ants. The promising data presented in this study may pave the way for alternative drugs to overcome the continued emergence of multidrug-resistant bacteria, and find alternative drugs to conventional cancer therapies.
Topics: Animals; Humans; Aphids; Pomegranate; Plant Extracts; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Bacteria; Microbial Sensitivity Tests
PubMed: 37241995
DOI: 10.3390/molecules28104255 -
Bioresource Technology Aug 2023This study compared the effects of alkaline, thermal, thermal-peroxymonosulfate (PMS), and alkyl polyglucose (APG) pretreatments on volatile fatty acids (VFAs)...
This study compared the effects of alkaline, thermal, thermal-peroxymonosulfate (PMS), and alkyl polyglucose (APG) pretreatments on volatile fatty acids (VFAs) production from refinery waste activated sludge (RWAS), including VFAs yield, composition, organics components, microbial communities, and the potential improvement of mechanisms. All pretreatments effectively enhanced the bioconversion of RWAS and consequently promoted the hydrolysis process, which inhibited the methanogenesis process. However, the release of lignin/carboxyl-rich alicyclic molecules (CRAM)-like compounds and tannin substances in Thermal-PMS and APG groups significantly influenced the acidogenesis and acetogenesis processes. Among all pretreatments, alkaline pretreatment showed the highest VFAs yield of 95.06 mg/g volatile solids (VS) and VS removal of 17%. This result could be associated with the enrichment of functional hydrolytic-acidification bacteria, such as Planococcus and Soehngenia, and increased metabolism of amino acids, carbohydrates, and nucleotides. By considering an economical and efficient perspective, this study recommended the alkaline pretreatment for the anaerobic fermentation of RWAS.
Topics: Fermentation; Sewage; Anaerobiosis; Fatty Acids, Volatile; Carbohydrate Metabolism; Glucans; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration
PubMed: 37141997
DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2023.129122 -
World Journal of Microbiology &... Nov 2022Saffron crocus is a sterile plant species that propagates vegetatively, and consequently, narrow genetic variation is detected in this species. Besides the narrow...
Saffron crocus is a sterile plant species that propagates vegetatively, and consequently, narrow genetic variation is detected in this species. Besides the narrow genetic variation, there is significant phenotypic variation in different traits in this plant. Here we tested this hypothesis that plant microbiome is a major contributor to the phenotypic variation. We focused our analysis on culturable bacteria that were dominant in saffron fields with high stigma yield compared to the fields with low stigma yield. Following this strategy, four rhizospheric (Cupriavidus metallidurans, Bacillus sp., Solibacillus sp., and Planococcus sp.) and two endophytic bacteria (Serratia oryzae and S. odorifera) were identified. The effects of the bacteria on the growth and development of the model plant Arabidopsis were assessed both in agar plate and pot assays. Results showed that these bacteria influence the vegetative growth and flowering time of Arabidopsis. In the next step, corms of saffron were inoculated with these bacteria and the growth and development of the saffron plants were monitored for five months. Remarkably, inoculation of the bacteria had significant influence on vegetative growth, flowering time, and stigma yield of saffron crocus. Furthermore, one of the bacteria, C. metallidurans, is reported here for the first time as a naturally occurring plant-associated bacteria. Altogether our results suggest that plant microbiome is an important factor in phenotypic variation in saffron crocus.
Topics: Crocus; Arabidopsis; Bacteria; Microbiota; Adaptation, Physiological
PubMed: 36369477
DOI: 10.1007/s11274-022-03450-x -
PloS One 2022Auxospore production is a sexual reproductive strategy by diatoms to re-attain normal size after the size-reducing effect of clonal reproduction. Aside from the minimum...
Auxospore production is a sexual reproductive strategy by diatoms to re-attain normal size after the size-reducing effect of clonal reproduction. Aside from the minimum size threshold used as a sex clock by diatoms, the environmental or chemical triggers that can induce sex in diatoms are still not well understood. Here we investigated the influence of six marine bacteria from five families on the production of sexual cells and auxospores of the ubiquitous marine polar centric diatom, Odontella sp. Microbiome association and co-occurrence with the diatom in culture and in nature were investigated using 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing. Indole acetic acid (IAA) secretion, a phytohormone that regulates plants' growth and sexual development, was explored as a potential inducer of sexual reproduction in Odontella and compared between bacterial associates. We found that Odontella co-cultured with Flavobacteriaceae (Polaribacter and Cellulophaga) have significantly more sexual cells and auxospores than bacteria-free Odontella and Odontella co-cultured with other bacteria from Vibrionaceae (Vibrio), Pseudoalteromonadaceae (Pseudoalteromonas), Rhodobacteraceae (Sulfitobacter), or Planococcaceae (Planococcus) family. Differences in IAA secretion were observed between bacterial isolates, but this did not correspond consistently with the diatom's clonal growth or production of sexual cells and auxospores. Microbiome composition survey of Odontella cultures showed that the diatom harbors homologous sequences of the four bacterial isolates at varying proportions, with Sulfitobacter and Polaribacter at high abundances. Microbiome surveys at Santa Cruz Wharf, Monterey Bay, from 2014-2015 showed that Odontella abundance is positively correlated with Flavobacteriaceae and Rhodobacteraceae abundances. Our study demonstrates that specific members of the diatom microbiome can enhance the host's sexual reproduction, with the interkingdom interaction driven by partner compatibility and long-term association. Sex-enhancing bacteria may even be needed by the diatom host to carry out the optimal inducement of sex under normal conditions, allowing for size restitution and maintaining genetic diversity in culture and in nature.
Topics: Humans; Animals; Diatoms; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Plant Growth Regulators; Microbiota; Arthropods; Reproduction; Rhodobacteraceae
PubMed: 36260629
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0276305 -
Astrobiology Oct 2022The search for life elsewhere in the Universe goes together with the search for liquid water. Life as we know it requires water; however, it is possible for microbial...
The search for life elsewhere in the Universe goes together with the search for liquid water. Life as we know it requires water; however, it is possible for microbial life to exist under hyperarid conditions with a minimal amount of water. We report on the ability of two typical terrestrial bacteria ( and sp) and two extremophiles (-20201027-1 sp and ) to grow and survive in three martian soil (regolith) simulants (Mohave Mars Simulant-1 [MMS-1] F, Mars Global Simulant-1 [MGS-1], and JSC Mars-1A [JSC]). Survival and growth were assessed over a 21-day period under terrestrial conditions and with water:soil (vol:wt) ratios that varied from 0.25:1 to 5:1. We found that and sp grew best in the simulants MMS and JSC, respectively, while growth rates were better in the JSC simulant. As expected, did not show significant growth. Our results indicate that these martian simulants and thus martian regolith, with minimal or no added nutrients or water, can support the growth of extremophiles such as and . Similar extremophiles on early Mars may have survived to the present in near-surface ecological niches analogous to those where these organisms exist on Earth.
Topics: Cyanobacteria; Escherichia coli; Extraterrestrial Environment; Extremophiles; Mars; Soil; Water
PubMed: 36000998
DOI: 10.1089/ast.2022.0022 -
International Journal of Environmental... Apr 2022Taking into consideration the essential contribution of farming, it is of rising importance to add knowledge regarding bacterial species occurrence in water samples...
Taking into consideration the essential contribution of farming, it is of rising importance to add knowledge regarding bacterial species occurrence in water samples from aquaculture zones from the point of view of both the organism and public health. In the present study, we investigated the bacterial community existing in water samples from six aquaculture areas in the Thermaikos gulf, northern Greece, that may provoke toxicity in aquatic organisms and humans and may indicate environmental pollution in mussel production as well as algal blooms. Bacterial species were identified molecularly by sequencing of a partial 16s rRNA segment and were analyzed phylogenetically for the confirmation of the bacterial taxonomy. The results obtained revealed the presence of four bacterial genera ( sp., sp., sp., and sp.). Members of the and genera have been isolated from highly polluted sites, bacteria have been identified in samples derived directly from plastic debris, and bacteria are in line with microcystin detection. In this context, the monitoring of the bacteria community in mussel aquaculture water samples from the Thermaikos gulf, the largest mussel cultivation area in Greece, represents an indicator of water pollution, microplastics presence, algal blooms, and toxin presence.
Topics: Animals; Cyanobacteria; Greece; Humans; Mytilus; Plastics; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Water; Water Pollution
PubMed: 35564680
DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19095285