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Journal of Affective Disorders Jul 2024Previous studies have reported the correlation of dysregulated blood cell indices and peripheral inflammatory markers with depression in adults but limited studies have...
BACKGROUND
Previous studies have reported the correlation of dysregulated blood cell indices and peripheral inflammatory markers with depression in adults but limited studies have examined this correlation in early adolescents.
METHODS
This study used data from the Chinese Early Adolescents Cohort Study, which was conducted in Anhui, China. Students' depression symptoms were repeatedly measured using the Chinese version of the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale for Children. Students' blood samples were collected in September 2019 and September 2021. The peripheral blood cell counts and inflammatory marker levels were determined using routine blood tests. Multivariate regression models were used to explore the associations between blood cell indices and adolescent depressive symptoms in both the whole sample and the sex-stratified samples.
RESULTS
The white blood cell (WBC) count, neutrophil count (NC), platelet (PLT) count, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio, and systemic immune inflammation index (SII) were positively correlated with the severity of depressive symptoms during follow-up. The mean corpuscular volume (MCV), mean hemoglobin (HGB) volume (MCH), and mean corpuscular HGB concentration (MCHC) exhibited a negative temporal correlation with depressive symptoms. Additionally, several sex-specific blood cell markers were correlated with depression. Male adolescents with increased red blood cell (RBC) and female adolescents with decreased HGB levels and upregulated WBC, NC, NLR, and SII levels exhibited severe depressive symptoms at follow-up.
CONCLUSIONS
These findings suggested the potential usefulness of peripheral blood cell indices in the assessment of depression in early adolescents.
PubMed: 38960333
DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2024.06.098 -
Annals of Vascular Surgery Jul 2024Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) is a medical condition characterized by forming a blood clot, or thrombus, in one of the deep veins, typically in the legs. It is a type of...
INTRODUCTION
Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) is a medical condition characterized by forming a blood clot, or thrombus, in one of the deep veins, typically in the legs. It is a type of venous thromboembolism (VTE), which refers to the formation of blood clots in the veins. It is caused by Virchow's triad (stasis, hypercoagulation, and endothelial injury).
OBJECTIVE
Our main objective is to explore the effectiveness and safety of Rivaroxaban and Edoxaban in treating lower extremity deep vein thrombosis.
METHODS
We conducted a retrospective study involving 406 patients subjected to DVT treatment using DOACs (Edoxaban and Rivaroxaban) at our hospital. We recruited adult patients (18 years and above) diagnosed with lower extremity deep vein thrombosis and received treatment with either Rivaroxaban or Edoxaban as the primary anticoagulant therapy for DVT. We excluded patients who received treatment with other anticoagulant medications (warfarin heparin) as the primary therapy for DVT.
RESULTS
The groups showed statistically significant differences in red blood cell count and haemoglobin levels, with the Edoxaban group having high values. However, the two groups observed no statistically significant differences in creatinine clearance, white blood cell count, platelet count, C-reactive protein, and D-dimer levels. The difference in the incidence of PE between the two groups was statistically significant (P value < 0.001). The Edoxaban group had fewer PE patients than the rivaroxaban group. The reduction in recurrent thrombosis was significantly higher in the rivaroxaban group compared to the Edoxaban group. There were no significant differences in the major bleeding at various sites across the two treatment groups (p > 0.05).
CONCLUSION
Rivaroxaban's pharmacokinetic profile includes rapid absorption and a relatively short half-life. It means that once administered, Rivaroxaban quickly reaches its peak concentration in the blood and is subsequently eliminated from the body within a relatively short period. Edoxaban's pharmacokinetic profile may include slower absorption and a longer half-life than Rivaroxaban. It can result in a slower rate of achieving peak concentration and a more prolonged presence in the bloodstream. These results emphasize the need for careful consideration of anticoagulant therapy in patients with underlying cancer and underscore the importance of managing risks while providing adequate anticoagulation to prevent thrombotic events.
PubMed: 38960092
DOI: 10.1016/j.avsg.2024.04.024 -
The Journal of Investigative Dermatology Jul 2024Exudates of non-healing wounds contain drivers of pathogenicity. We utilized >800 exudates from non-healing and healing wounds of diverse etiologies, collected by three...
Exudates of non-healing wounds contain drivers of pathogenicity. We utilized >800 exudates from non-healing and healing wounds of diverse etiologies, collected by three different methods, to develop a wound-specific, cell-based functional biomarker assay. Human dermal fibroblast proliferation served as readout to a) to differentiate between healing and non-healing wounds, b) follow the healing process of individual patients, and c) assess the effects of therapeutics for chronic wounds ex vivo. We observed a strong correlation between wound chronicity and inhibitory effects of individual exudates on fibroblast proliferation, with good diagnostic sensitivity (76-90%, depending on the sample collection method). Transition of a clinically non-healing to a healing phenotype restored fibroblast proliferation and extracellular matrix formation while reducing inflammatory cytokine production. Transcriptional analysis of fibroblasts exposed to ex vivo non-healing wound exudates revealed an induction of inflammatory cytokine- and chemokine pathways and the unfolded protein response, indicating that these changes may contribute to the pathology of non-healing wounds. Testing the wound therapeutics platelet derived growth factor and silver sulfadiazine yielded responses in line with clinical experience and indicate the usefulness of the assay to search for and profile new therapeutics.
PubMed: 38960086
DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2024.05.029 -
Thrombosis and Haemostasis Jul 2024Sepsis-induced coagulopathy (SIC) is a common cause of poor prognosis in critically ill patients in the intensive care unit (ICU). This study aimed to develop a...
BACKGROUND
Sepsis-induced coagulopathy (SIC) is a common cause of poor prognosis in critically ill patients in the intensive care unit (ICU). This study aimed to develop a predictive nomogram incorporating clinical markers and scoring systems to individually predict the probability of SIC in septic patients.
METHODS
Patients consecutively recruited in the stage between January 2022 and April 2023 constituted the development cohort for retrospective analysis to internally test the nomogram, and patients in the stage between May 2023 to November 2023 constituted the validation cohort for prospective analysis to external validate the nomogram. The nomogram was validated in an independent external validation cohort, involving discrimination and calibration. A decision curve analysis was also performed to evaluate the net benefit of the insertion decision with this nomogram.
RESULTS
A total of 548 and 245 patients were included in the development and validation cohort, respectively. Predictors contained in the prediction nomogram included shock, platelets and INR. Patients with shock (OR, 4.499; 95% CI, 2.730-7.414; P < 0.001) , higher INR (OR, 349.384; 95% CI, 62.337-1958.221; P < 0.001) and lower platelet (OR, 0.985; 95% CI, 0.982-0.988; P < 0.001) had higher probabilities of SIC. The development model showed good discrimination, with an AUROC of 0.879(95%CI, 0.850-0.908)and good calibration. Application of the nomogram in the validation cohort also gave good discrimination with an AUROC of 0.872(95%CI,0.826-0.917)and good calibration.
CONCLUSIONS
By incorporating shock, platelets and INR in the model, this useful nomogram could be accessibly utilized to predict SIC occurrence in septic patients.
PubMed: 38959956
DOI: 10.1055/a-2359-2563 -
Transfusion and Apheresis Science :... Jun 2024Platelet plays a vital role in both physiological and pathological processes. However, the limited storage time of platelet in vitro poses an immense challenge for its...
BACKGROUND
Platelet plays a vital role in both physiological and pathological processes. However, the limited storage time of platelet in vitro poses an immense challenge for its applications because of the increased risk of bacterial contamination and platelet storage lesions. Agitation can inhibit lesions by facilitating continuous oxygenation of platelets and permitting excess carbon dioxide to be removed during storage. However, it is still not known whether agitating BCs gives a positive effect on platelet quality.
OBJECTIVES
To evaluate the quality difference between platelet concentrates (PCs) from buffy coats (BCs) held rest and agitation.
METHODS
Samples were withdrawn for cell count, blood gas analysis, free hemoglobin level, hypotonic shock response, maximum aggregation rate, activation marker expression (CD62P and CD42b) and coagulation function.
RESULTS
We found the PCs prepared from the agitating BCs had fewer residual WBCs, exhibited a better gas exchange ability, slower metabolism (higher pH, higher content glucose, and lower lactic acid levels), better hypotonic shock response, and lower levels of CD62P. The TEG-PC assays showed no difference in coagulation function.
CONCLUSION
Our findings showed that BC can be agitated overnight before a soft spin.
PubMed: 38959809
DOI: 10.1016/j.transci.2024.103964 -
Clinical Neurology and Neurosurgery Jun 2024To date, no biomarkers have been validated in acute ischemic stroke, and its diagnosis currently relies on clinical judgement and radiographic findings. The presence of... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
To date, no biomarkers have been validated in acute ischemic stroke, and its diagnosis currently relies on clinical judgement and radiographic findings. The presence of circulating microRNAs in the setting AIS has grown significant attention in recent years. This study aims to summarize the evidence of microRNAs as super-early biomarkers (within 12 hours from last known well) and determine their temporal expression in AIS.
METHODS
This review was conducted in accordance with the PRISMA statement recommendations. Three databases were searched (Pubmed, Scopus, and Cochrane) for case-control studies comparing the expression of microRNAs in AIS patients and healthy controls. Risk of bias was computed using the QUADAS-2 Scale tool. The review protocol was registered in PROSPERO (CRD42023454012).
RESULTS
A total of 186 articles were screened and 6 full-text articles were included in this review, involving 441 AIS and 307 controls. Samples were obtained from blood in three studies, plasma in two studies, and serum in one study. All studies utilized RT-qPCR as quantification method. One study included only patients with large artery atherosclerosis. Eleven microRNAs were found to be overexpressed and seven underexpressed in AIS. No single microRNA was validated in two separate studies. The misexpressed microRNAs were associated with inflammation, platelet activation, angiogenesis, and apoptosis. Two studies followed the temporal expression of microRNAs. miR-125b-5p and miR-143-3p (inflammation, angiogenesis, and apoptosis) normalized at 90 days. miR-125a-5p (angiogenesis) remained elevated. The heterogeneity in temporal sampling and microRNAs detected did not allow to perform a quantitative analysis. Qualitative analysis of each study revealed an overall moderate risk of bias.
CONCLUSIONS
This review suggests the promising potential role of microRNAs as adjuvant tool in the early diagnosis of AIS. Further larger studies are needed to corroborate these findings and discover a reliable and reproducible biomarker.
PubMed: 38959787
DOI: 10.1016/j.clineuro.2024.108416 -
Journal of Internal Medicine Jul 2024Cleavage products from collagen formation and degradation hold potential as first-line biomarkers for the risk of advanced fibrosis in patients with metabolic...
BACKGROUND
Cleavage products from collagen formation and degradation hold potential as first-line biomarkers for the risk of advanced fibrosis in patients with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD). Here, we evaluated the performance of PRO-C3, PRO-C6, C4M, PRO-C18L, and the clinical score ADAPT (age, diabetes, PRO-C3, and platelet count) to detect patients with an LSM >8 kPa or >12 kPa in comparison to the Fibrosis-4 Index (FIB-4).
METHODS
Serum from patients with MASLD (n = 269) from six Swedish University Hospitals was analyzed using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay-based methods. Liver stiffness measurement (LSM) by vibration-controlled transient elastography was performed. The area under the curve (AUC), calibration curves, and net benefit analysis were used.
RESULTS
An LSM >8 kPa was found in 108 (40.1%) patients. PRO-C3, PRO-C6, C4M, and PRO-C18L had AUCs ranging from 0.48 to 0.62. ADAPT had the highest AUC (0.73, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.67-0.79) to detect patients >8 kPa, compared to FIB-4 (0.71, (95%CI = 0.64-0.77, p = 0.35), and had a higher net benefit compared to FIB-4 from a probability threshold of 15%. FIB-4 and ADAPT performed equally well to detect patients with an LSM >12 kPa, AUC 0.76 versus 0.76, p = 0.93.
CONCLUSIONS
ADAPT seems to be marginally better than FIB-4 in identifying patients with an LSM >8 kPa. However, the clinical utility of ADAPT as a first line test is uncertain, especially in low-risk populations. The overall performance of FIB-4 was similar to that of ADAPT in detecting patients with an LSM of >12 kPa. Altogether, the results suggest that ADAPT might be useful to detect earlier stages of fibrosis in MASLD, but that FIB-4 remains a first-line test for advanced fibrosis.
PubMed: 38959258
DOI: 10.1111/joim.13813 -
Current Atherosclerosis Reports Jul 2024Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) is characterized by persistent symptoms such as fatigue, loss of interest in activities, feelings of sadness and worthlessness. MDD often... (Review)
Review
PURPOSE OF REVIEW
Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) is characterized by persistent symptoms such as fatigue, loss of interest in activities, feelings of sadness and worthlessness. MDD often coexist with cardiovascular disease (CVD), yet the precise link between these conditions remains unclear. This review explores factors underlying the development of MDD and CVD, including genetic, epigenetic, platelet activation, inflammation, hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis activation, endothelial cell (EC) dysfunction, and blood-brain barrier (BBB) disruption.
RECENT FINDINGS
Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the membrane-associated guanylate kinase WW and PDZ domain-containing protein 1 (MAGI-1) are associated with neuroticism and psychiatric disorders including MDD. SNPs in MAGI-1 are also linked to chronic inflammatory disorders such as spontaneous glomerulosclerosis, celiac disease, ulcerative colitis, and Crohn's disease. Increased MAGI-1 expression has been observed in colonic epithelial samples from Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis patients. MAGI-1 also plays a role in regulating EC activation and atherogenesis in mice and is essential for Influenza A virus (IAV) infection, endoplasmic reticulum stress-induced EC apoptosis, and thrombin-induced EC permeability. Despite being understudied in human disease; evidence suggests that MAGI-1 may play a role in linking CVD and MDD. Therefore, further investigation of MAG-1 could be warranted to elucidate its potential involvement in these conditions.
PubMed: 38958925
DOI: 10.1007/s11883-024-01223-5 -
Lasers in Medical Science Jul 2024Despite the importance of self-monitoring blood glucose (SMBG) for management of diabetes mellitus (DM), frequent blood sampling is discouraged by bleeding risk due to... (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study
PURPOSE
Despite the importance of self-monitoring blood glucose (SMBG) for management of diabetes mellitus (DM), frequent blood sampling is discouraged by bleeding risk due to dual-antiplatelet agent therapy (DAPT) or thrombocytopenia.
METHODS
We compared the bleeding time (BT) of sampling by using a laser-lancing-device (LMT-1000) and a conventional lancet in patients with DM and thrombocytopenia or patients undergoing DAPT. BT was measured using the Duke method, and pain and satisfaction scores were assessed using numeric rating scale (NRS) and visual analog scale (VAS). The consistency in the values of glucose and glycated-hemoglobin (HbA1c) sampled using the LMT-1000 or lancet were compared.
RESULTS
The BT of sampling with the LMT-1000 was shorter than that with the lancet in patients with thrombocytopenia (60s vs. 85s, P = 0.024). The NRS was lower and the VAS was higher in laser-applied-sampling than lancet-applied sampling in the DAPT-user group (NRS: 1 vs. 2, P = 0.010; VAS: 7 vs. 6, P = 0.003), whereas the group with thrombocytopenia only showed improvement in the VAS score (8 vs. 7, P = 0.049). Glucose and HbA1c sampled by the LMT-1000 and lancet were significantly correlated in both the DAPT-user and the thrombocytopenia groups.
CONCLUSION
The LMT-1000 can promote SMBG by shortening BT in subject with thrombocytopenia and by increasing satisfaction score, as well as by showing reliable glucose and HbA1c value.
Topics: Humans; Female; Male; Aged; Middle Aged; Lasers; Blood Glucose Self-Monitoring; Blood Glucose; Hemorrhage; Glycated Hemoglobin; Blood Specimen Collection; Diabetes Mellitus; Thrombocytopenia; Capillaries; Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors
PubMed: 38958779
DOI: 10.1007/s10103-024-04128-6 -
Archives of Dermatological Research Jul 2024Malignant melanoma presents a formidable challenge due to its aggressive metastatic behavior and limited response to current treatments. To address this, our study...
Malignant melanoma presents a formidable challenge due to its aggressive metastatic behavior and limited response to current treatments. To address this, our study delves into the impact of anlotinib on angiogenesis and vasculogenic mimicry using malignant melanoma cells and human umbilical vein endothelial cells. Evaluating tubular structure formation, cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and key signaling molecules in angiogenesis, we demonstrated that anlotinib exerts a dose-dependent inhibition on tubular structures and effectively suppresses cell growth and invasion in both cell types. Furthermore, in a mouse xenograft model, anlotinib treatment resulted in reduced tumor growth and vascular density. Notably, the downregulation of VEGFR-2, FGFR-1, PDGFR-β, and PI3K underscored the multitargeted antitumor activity of anlotinib. Our findings emphasize the therapeutic potential of anlotinib in targeting angiogenesis and vasculogenic mimicry, contributing to the development of novel strategies for combating malignant melanoma.
Topics: Quinolines; Humans; Melanoma; Animals; Neovascularization, Pathologic; Indoles; Mice; Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays; Cell Proliferation; Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells; Cell Line, Tumor; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor-2; Cell Movement; Receptor, Fibroblast Growth Factor, Type 1; Skin Neoplasms; Signal Transduction; Antineoplastic Agents; Angiogenesis Inhibitors; Receptor, Platelet-Derived Growth Factor beta; Mice, Nude; Angiogenesis
PubMed: 38958761
DOI: 10.1007/s00403-024-03020-1