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Clinical Case Reports Jan 2024Contractubex phonophoresis can be used in clinical setting to manage postsurgical scar after carpal tunnel release. Contractubex phonophoresis can improve pliability,...
KEY CLINICAL MESSAGE
Contractubex phonophoresis can be used in clinical setting to manage postsurgical scar after carpal tunnel release. Contractubex phonophoresis can improve pliability, height, and tenderness of the scar.
ABSTRACT
Scar is one of the most common complications after open release of carpal tunnel. Scars are mentally and physically disturbing, and they can result into itching and pain. Scar after release of carpal tunnel can lead to compression of median nerve and failure of surgery. Various treatments are suggested for scar management. topical drugs are one of these treatments. Phonophoresis of topical drugs can enhance delivery of topical drugs. In present case, author report the effect of phonophoresis of Contractubex on postsurgical scar after carpal tunnel release. Result indicated that phonophoresis of Contractubex can be effective in scar management.
PubMed: 38161644
DOI: 10.1002/ccr3.8389 -
Journal of Voice : Official Journal of... Dec 2023Vocal fold fat injection is a technique for treating glottic insufficiency (GI) resulting from various conditions. The use of fat as a graft has several advantages over... (Review)
Review
UNLABELLED
Vocal fold fat injection is a technique for treating glottic insufficiency (GI) resulting from various conditions. The use of fat as a graft has several advantages over other grafts. Similar pliability, and vibratory characteristics as a normal vocal fold, not causing foreign body reactions, having the potential to contain stem cells, and often can be done in the office. Long-term results, however, are unpredictable. The objective of this study is to carry out a systematic review of published articles using the technique of fat injection in the vocal folds.
STUDY DESIGN
Systematic review.
REVIEW METHODS
A literature search was conducted utilizing the combination of the following keywords "vocal folds fat injection," "laryngoplasty," and "autologous fat injection vocal folds." The criteria inclusion of the study for the systematic review were based on PICOTS (population, intervention, comparison outcome, timing, and setting) and Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses statements. Outcomes reviewed included technique, study duration, perceptual and acoustic analysis, and quality of life preoperation and 1-year postoperation.
RESULTS
A systematic review on PubMed, Cochrane, and Embase databases included 13 studies analyzing the data of 472 patients, that had fat injection laryngoplasty for treatment of GI. The causes of GI varied substantially across studies. Considerable heterogeneity across studies was found, including technique for harvest, processing the fat, site of injection, and acoustic analysis. In the studies that measured maximum phonation time (MPT) there was a significant improvement in a follow-up of at least 1 year after the injection. The patient's perception of vocal quality, measured by the Voice Handicap Index, also showed significant improvement in several studies after fat injection laryngoplasty.
CONCLUSION
Fat injection laryngoplasty seems to be safe and effective for GI for at least 12 months. Multiple studies show favorable outcomes, but the lack of control groups, the heterogeneity in inclusion criteria, nonstandardized techniques, and objective voice evaluations limit this evaluation.
PubMed: 38142186
DOI: 10.1016/j.jvoice.2023.09.029 -
Micromachines Nov 2023The emergence of magnetic polymer composites has had a transformative impact on the field of soft robotics. This overview will examine the various methods by which... (Review)
Review
The emergence of magnetic polymer composites has had a transformative impact on the field of soft robotics. This overview will examine the various methods by which innovative materials can be synthesized and utilized. The advancement of soft robotic systems has been significantly enhanced by the utilization of magnetic polymer composites, which amalgamate the pliability of polymers with the reactivity of magnetic materials. This study extensively examines the production methodologies involved in dispersing magnetic particles within polymer matrices and controlling their spatial distribution. The objective is to gain insights into the strategies required to attain the desired mechanical and magnetic properties. Additionally, this study delves into the potential applications of these composites in the field of soft robotics, encompassing various devices such as soft actuators, grippers, and wearable gadgets. The study emphasizes the transformative capabilities of magnetic polymer composites, which offer a novel framework for the advancement of biocompatible, versatile soft robotic systems that utilize magnetic actuation.
PubMed: 38138344
DOI: 10.3390/mi14122173 -
Heliyon Dec 2023Ablative fractional carbon dioxide laser has been used with triamcinolone to treat hypertrophic scars, resulting in promising success rates. However, there are different...
OBJECTIVES
Ablative fractional carbon dioxide laser has been used with triamcinolone to treat hypertrophic scars, resulting in promising success rates. However, there are different topical triamcinolone delivery methods used in scar treatment. To assess the efficacy among the different triamcinolone delivery methods, this study was designed to compare the efficacy and safety of ablative fractional carbon dioxide laser followed by penetration and injection of topical triamcinolone into thicker hypertrophic scars (height score of VSS ≥2).
STUDY DESIGN/MATERIALS AND METHODS
We performed a retrospective study of 155 thicker hypertrophic scar patients (height score of VSS ≥2), including 88 patients in the triamcinolone external application group and 67 patients in the triamcinolone intralesional injection group. One month after the patients had 3 treatment sessions at 4-week intervals, the scars were assessed by photography, the Vancouver Scar Scale (VSS), durometry and spectrocolorimetry. Any adverse effects were also evaluated.
RESULTS
The VSS scores and the hardness of the scars in both groups improved significantly compared to baseline. Moreover, the patients in the triamcinolone intralesional injection group had higher treatment efficacy (19.77 ± 21.25 %) based on their VSS scores than the patients in the triamcinolone external application group (5.94 ± 24.07 %), especially in the improvement of scar pliability, height and hardness. Meanwhile, in the triamcinolone injection group, more patients had mild and moderate improvement than in the triamcinolone application group. However, there were no differences in the distribution of the adverse effects in either group.
CONCLUSIONS
This study demonstrated that using the ablative fractional carbon dioxide laser followed by different topical triamcinolone delivery methods is effective and safe for thicker hypertrophic scar improvement. The method of using the ablative fractional carbon dioxide laser assisted with triamcinolone injection had a better therapeutic outcome in thicker hypertrophic scars, as compared with triamcinolone penetration.
PubMed: 38125450
DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e22818 -
Otolaryngology--head and Neck Surgery :... Apr 2024To describe iatrogenic laryngeal injury and identify its risk factors in recurrent respiratory papillomatosis (RRP) patients receiving surgical care.
OBJECTIVE
To describe iatrogenic laryngeal injury and identify its risk factors in recurrent respiratory papillomatosis (RRP) patients receiving surgical care.
STUDY DESIGN
Case-control.
SETTING
Tertiary care academic hospital in a metropolitan area.
METHODS
Charts of patients with RRP seen at our institution from January 2002 to December 2022 were reviewed. Patients were separated into 2 cohorts based upon whether they experienced any form of iatrogenic laryngeal injury-including anterior commissure synechiae, vocal cord scar, reduced vocal fold pliability, vocal fold motion impairment, and glottic and/or subglottic stenosis. Adjusted logistic regressions were performed to identify factors associated with iatrogenic laryngeal injury.
RESULTS
Of 199 RRP patients, 133 (66.8%) had identifiable iatrogenic laryngeal injury. The most common injuries were anterior commissure synechiae (n = 67; 50.4%) and reduced vocal fold pliability (n = 54; 40.6%). On a multivariate logistic regression, patients with diabetes mellitus (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] [95% confidence interval [CI]]: 2.99 [1.02, 8.79]; P = .04) and who received at least 10 surgeries lifetime (aOR [95% CI]: 14.47 [1.70, 123.19]; P = .01) were at increased risk for iatrogenic laryngeal injury, whereas receiving less than 5 surgeries (aOR [95% CI]: 0.21 [0.09, 0.51]; P < .001) was found to be protective. When treating the lifetime number of surgeries as a continuous variable, a greater number of surgeries was a significant risk factor for iatrogenic laryngeal injury (aOR [95% CI]: 1.32 [1.14, 1.53]; P < .001).
CONCLUSION
These results suggest the importance of strict glucose control for diabetic patients receiving RRP surgical care, and emphasize the clinical need to identify medical therapies to decrease RRP surgical frequency for patients.
Topics: Humans; Retrospective Studies; Larynx; Laryngeal Diseases; Papillomavirus Infections; Respiratory Tract Infections; Iatrogenic Disease
PubMed: 38123898
DOI: 10.1002/ohn.629 -
Journal of the Mechanical Behavior of... Feb 2024The present investigation is aimed at evaluating the effect of styrene butadiene rubber, glass fibre, nylon fibre and hybrid reinforcement of glass and nylon fibre with...
OBJECTIVES
The present investigation is aimed at evaluating the effect of styrene butadiene rubber, glass fibre, nylon fibre and hybrid reinforcement of glass and nylon fibre with 0.5 and 1.0 wt% on the impact, flexural, and compressive properties.
METHODS
A total of 19 groups were formed, including one control group and 18 study groups. All specimens were fabricated according to the standards and tests were performed. The enhancement of strengths were characterised by using scanning electron micrographs, FTIR results, XRD, and DMA tests. The degradability was studied using TGA/DTA analysis. The results were analysed using one-way ANOVA and Dunnett's post hoc multiple comparison test at p ≤ 0.05.
RESULTS
The maximum impact, flexural, and compressive strength were found to be 3.234 ± 0.202 kJ/m, 70.07 ± 0.7 MPa, and 84.929 ± 0.85 MPa for hybrid reinforcement of 0.5 wt% nylon fiber and 0.5 wt% glass fiber with 1.0 wt% of styrene butadiene rubber (SBR) mixed PMMA denture base material. Statistical analysis shows that the maximum mean impact strength, flexural strength, and compressive strength are about 84%, 58%, and 67% higher than the pure PMMA (control group). The maximum flexural modulus and compressive modulus are 914.4 MPa and 407.847 MPa for denture base material made of 1.0 wt% SBR, 1.0 wt% nylon fiber, 0.5 wt% glass fiber, and 0.5 wt% SBR, 0.5 wt% nylon fiber, respectively. The storage moduli of 1.0 wt% SBR, 1.0 wt% nylon fiber, and 0.5 wt% glass fiber-reinforced denture base material and pure PMMA are 0.096 and 0.422 at 79 °C, respectively, which indicates significant crosslinking of fiber and PMMA. The failure surfaces are characterized by a homogeneous distribution of fiber with increased surface roughness and fiber pullout, strong bonding, and well-dispersed SBR.
Topics: Polymethyl Methacrylate; Nylons; Rubber; Denture Bases; Butadienes; Materials Testing; Pliability; Glass
PubMed: 38113822
DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2023.106308 -
Cardiovascular Engineering and... Apr 2024Inappropriate stent-graft (SG) flexibility has been frequently associated with endovascular aortic repair (EVAR) complications such as endoleaks, kinks, and SG... (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study
PURPOSE
Inappropriate stent-graft (SG) flexibility has been frequently associated with endovascular aortic repair (EVAR) complications such as endoleaks, kinks, and SG migration, especially in tortuous arteries. Stents derived from auxetic unit cells have shown some potential to address these issues as they offer an optimum trade-off between radial stiffness and bending flexibility.
METHODS
In this study, we utilized an established finite element (FE)-based approach to replicate the mechanical response of a SG iliac limb derived from auxetic unit cells in a virtual tortuous iliac aneurysm using a combination of a 180° U-bend and intraluminal pressurization. This study aimed to compare the mechanical performance (flexibility and durability) of SG limbs derived from auxetic unit cells and two commercial SG limbs (Z-stented SG and circular-stented SG models) in a virtual tortuous iliac aneurysm. Maximal graft strain and maximum stress in stents were employed as criteria to estimate the durability of SGs, whereas the maximal luminal reduction rate and the bending stiffness were used to assess the flexibility of the SGs.
RESULTS
SG limbs derived from auxetic unit cells demonstrated low luminal reduction (range 4-12%) with no kink, in contrast to Z-stented SG, which had a kink in its central area alongside a high luminal reduction (44%).
CONCLUSIONS
SG limbs derived from auxetic unit cells show great promise for EVAR applications even at high angulations such as 180°, with acceptable levels of durability and flexibility.
Topics: Stents; Humans; Prosthesis Design; Blood Vessel Prosthesis; Finite Element Analysis; Models, Cardiovascular; Endovascular Procedures; Stress, Mechanical; Blood Vessel Prosthesis Implantation; Iliac Aneurysm; Materials Testing; Prosthesis Failure; Pliability; Computer Simulation
PubMed: 38110763
DOI: 10.1007/s13239-023-00706-x -
The Journal of Cell Biology Feb 2024Basement membranes (BMs) are specialized sheets of extracellular matrix that underlie epithelial and endothelial tissues. BMs regulate the traffic of cells and molecules...
Basement membranes (BMs) are specialized sheets of extracellular matrix that underlie epithelial and endothelial tissues. BMs regulate the traffic of cells and molecules between compartments, and participate in signaling, cell migration, and organogenesis. The dynamics of mammalian BMs, however, are poorly understood, largely due to a lack of models in which core BM components are endogenously labeled. Here, we describe the mTurquoise2-Col4a1 mouse in which we fluorescently tag collagen IV, the main component of BMs. Using an innovative planar-sagittal live imaging technique to visualize the BM of developing skin, we directly observe BM deformation during hair follicle budding and basal progenitor cell divisions. The BM's inherent pliability enables dividing cells to remain attached to and deform the BM, rather than lose adhesion as generally thought. Using FRAP, we show BM collagen IV is extremely stable, even during periods of rapid epidermal growth. These findings demonstrate the utility of the mTurq2-Col4a1 mouse to shed new light on mammalian BM developmental dynamics.
Topics: Animals; Mice; Basement Membrane; Collagen Type IV; Extracellular Matrix; Fluorescent Dyes; Hair Follicle; Stem Cells
PubMed: 38051393
DOI: 10.1083/jcb.202309074 -
International Journal of Biological... Jan 2024The interactions between carboxymethyl cellulose sodium and proteins can regulate the interfacial and rheological properties of HIPEs, which plays a leading role in the...
Soy protein isolate/carboxymethyl cellulose sodium complexes system stabilized high internal phase Pickering emulsions: Stabilization mechanism based on noncovalent interaction.
The interactions between carboxymethyl cellulose sodium and proteins can regulate the interfacial and rheological properties of HIPEs, which plays a leading role in the stabilities of HIPEs. This article prepared various ratios of soluble soy protein isolate/carboxymethyl cellulose sodium (SPI/CMC) complexes in different proportions and examined the impact of various ratios of complexes on the structure and interface properties of complexes systems. Additionally, it explored the co-emulsification mechanism of HIPEs using SPI and CMC. At appropriate ratios of SPI/CMC, SPI and CMC mainly combine through non covalent binding and form complexes with smaller particle sizes and stronger electrostatic repulsion. The interfacial properties indicated that adding appropriate CMC increased the pliability and reduced the interfacial tension, while also enhancing the wettability of SPI/CMC complexes. At the ratio of 2:1, the SPI/CMC complexes-stabilized HIPPEs exhibited smaller oil droplets size, tighter droplet packing, and thicker interfacial film through the bridging of droplets and the generation of stronger gel-like network structures to prevent the coalescence/flocculation of droplets. These results suggested that the appropriate ratios of SPI/CMC can improve the physical stability of HIPEs by changing the structure and interface characteristics of the SPI/CMC complexes. This work provided theoretical support for stable HIPEs formed with protein-polysaccharide complexes.
Topics: Soybean Proteins; Emulsions; Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium; Wettability; Particle Size; Sodium
PubMed: 38000596
DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.128381 -
Science Advances Nov 20232LiX-GaF (X = Cl, Br, I) electrolytes offer favorable features for solid-state batteries: mechanical pliability and high conductivities. However, understanding the...
2LiX-GaF (X = Cl, Br, I) electrolytes offer favorable features for solid-state batteries: mechanical pliability and high conductivities. However, understanding the origin of fast ion transport in 2LiX-GaF has been challenging. The ionic conductivity order of 2LiCl-GaF (3.20 mS/cm) > 2LiBr-GaF (0.84 mS/cm) > 2LiI-GaF (0.03 mS/cm) contradicts binary LiCl (10 S/cm) < LiBr (10 S/cm) < LiI (10 S/cm). Using multinuclear Li, Ga, F solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance and density functional theory simulations, we found that Ga(F,X) polyanions boost Li-ion transport by weakening Li-X interactions via charge clustering. In 2LiBr-GaF and 2LiI-GaF, Ga-X coordination is reduced with decreased F participation, compared to 2LiCl-GaF. These insights will inform electrolyte design based on charge clustering, applicable to various ion conductors. This strategy could prove effective for producing highly conductive multivalent cation conductors such as Ca and Mg, as charge clustering of carboxylates in proteins is found to decrease their binding to Ca and Mg.
PubMed: 37992180
DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adj9930