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Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine 2024Although the adverse effects of atrial fibrillation (AF) on cancers have been well reported, the relationship between the AF and the adverse outcomes in prostate cancer...
PURPOSE
Although the adverse effects of atrial fibrillation (AF) on cancers have been well reported, the relationship between the AF and the adverse outcomes in prostate cancer (PC) remains inconclusive. This study aimed to explore the prevalence of AF and evaluate the relationship between AF and clinical outcomes in PC patients.
METHODS
Patients diagnosed with PC between 2008 and 2017 were identified from the National Inpatient Sample database. The trends in AF prevalence were compared among PC patients and their subgroups. Multivariable regression models were used to assess the associations between AF and in-hospital mortality, length of hospital stay, total cost, and other clinical outcomes.
RESULTS
256,239 PC hospitalizations were identified; 41,356 (83.8%) had no AF and 214,883 (16.2%) had AF. AF prevalence increased from 14.0% in 2008 to 20.1% in 2017 ( < .001). In-hospital mortality in PC inpatients with AF increased from 5.1% in 2008 to 8.1% in 2017 ( < .001). AF was associated with adverse clinical outcomes, such as in-hospital mortality, congestive heart failure, pulmonary circulation disorders, renal failure, fluid and electrolyte disorders, cardiogenic shock, higher total cost, and longer length of hospital stay.
CONCLUSIONS
The prevalence of AF among inpatients with PC increased from 2008 to 2017. AF was associated with poor prognosis and higher health resource utilization. Better management strategies for patients with comorbid PC and AF, particularly in older individuals, are required.
PubMed: 38638883
DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2024.1382166 -
Zhonghua Nan Ke Xue = National Journal... Jul 2023Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia, as a common disease in the male urinary system, has traditionally been considered to have the basic pathogenesis of kidney deficiency and...
Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia, as a common disease in the male urinary system, has traditionally been considered to have the basic pathogenesis of kidney deficiency and blood stasis. However, this disease involves many pathological factors such as "damp-heat", leading to confusion and difficulty in resolving the condition. "Fen Xiao Zou Xie" is an important treatment method used by Ye Tianshi to address damp-heat patterns and is now widely applied in the diagnosis and treatment of urinary system diseases. "Fen Xiao" refers to the removal of pathogenic factors through different pathways, while "Zou Xie" means using medications that promote excretion and do not stay, allowing the elimination of pathogenic factors from the body. The concept of "Clearing Up and Draining Down" is derived from the theory of "clearing and turbidity" in the Huang Di Nei Jing, suggesting that Qi, blood, water, and damp toxins blockages in the body are difficult to clear, leading to disorder in the ascending and descending of Triple Energizer Qi, causing obstruction or poor flow in the channels, and consequently resulting in abnormal urination. Exploring the application of the "Clearing Upward and Draining Downward" perspective in the use of "Fen Xiao Zou Xie" in the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia provides new insights for the clinical diagnosis and treatment of BPH.
Topics: Male; Humans; Animals; Prostatic Hyperplasia; Body Fluids; Estrus; Hot Temperature; Kidney
PubMed: 38619415
DOI: No ID Found -
Zhonghua Nan Ke Xue = National Journal... Apr 2023To observe the clinical effect of Simiaotongzhuo Decoction (SMTZD) on the symptoms of type III prostatitis with damp-heat stagnation syndrome. (Randomized Controlled Trial)
Randomized Controlled Trial
OBJECTIVE
To observe the clinical effect of Simiaotongzhuo Decoction (SMTZD) on the symptoms of type III prostatitis with damp-heat stagnation syndrome.
METHODS
Using the randomized control method, we divided 140 cases of type III prostatitis with damp-heat stagnation syndrome into two groups and treated them orally with SMTZD at 200 ml per time bid (n = 65) and Tamsulosin Hydrochloride Sustained Release Capsules (THSRC) at 0.2 mg per time qd (n = 75), both for 6 weeks. Before and after medication, we recorded the counts of white blood cells (WBC) and lecithin bodies in the prostatic fluid, NIH-CPSI scores and traditional Chinese medicine syndrome (TCMS) scores, and compared them between the two groups of patients.
RESULTS
Compared with the baseline, the WBC count and NIH-CPSI scores were decreased and the number of lecithin bodies increased in both the SMTZD (NIH-CPSI score: [18±6.47] vs [9±5.02]) and THSRC groups after medication, with statistically significant difference only in the former group (P<0.05), the TCMS scores were significantly reduced in both the SMTZD ([21.97±5.12] vs [6.4±4.88], P<0.05) and the THSRC group ([20.73±4.97] vs [11.33±5.93], P<0.05), even more significantly in the former. No statistically significant difference was observed in the incidence of adverse reactions between the SMTZD and THSRC groups (9.2% vs 9.3%, P>0.05), and all the adverse reactions were mild.
CONCLUSION
Simiaotongzhuo Decoction is safe and effective for the treatment of type III prostatitis with damp-heat stagnation syndrome, which can reduce the WBC count in the prostatic fluid, increase the number of lecithin bodies and improve the NIH-CPSI and TCMS scores of the patient.
Topics: Humans; Male; Body Fluids; Estrus; Hot Temperature; Lecithins; Prostatitis; Syndrome; Tamsulosin
PubMed: 38598220
DOI: No ID Found -
Translational Andrology and Urology Mar 2024Prostate cancer (PCa) is the second most common male cancer in the United States. Although new drugs have recently been approved, clinical challenges remain, notably the... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE
Prostate cancer (PCa) is the second most common male cancer in the United States. Although new drugs have recently been approved, clinical challenges remain, notably the precise detection and prognostic implications of drug-resistant PCa. Extracellular vesicles (EVs), nanoscale lipid membrane vesicles, are actively secreted into the extracellular milieu by a variety of cell types. Over the past decade, interest in EVs has grown, and emerging evidence suggests that EVs play pivotal roles in cancer biology. In this review, we would like to summarize recent reports on EVs in PCa and discuss the potential clinical applications.
METHODS
We performed a non-systematic literature review using the PubMed database to identify articles specifically related to EVs and PCa management.
KEY CONTENT AND FINDINGS
EVs contain pathogenic components, such as proteins, DNA fragments, mRNA, non-coding RNA, and lipids, all of which can trigger intercellular signaling within tumor microenvironments. Thereby, EVs exert significant effects on several stages of cancer progression, influencing the immune system, angiogenesis, and the establishment of pre-metastatic niches. Furthermore, as EVs are encapsulated, their contents are stable in bodily fluids, and thus EVs have recently attracted attention as a novel kind of liquid biopsy.
CONCLUSIONS
We have summarized recent research on how EVs may aid PCa management. To date, we have discovered only the tip of the iceberg. We anticipate that further research will yield innovative therapeutic modalities, thereby aiding all PCa patients.
PubMed: 38590964
DOI: 10.21037/tau-23-533 -
Critical Reviews in Oncology/hematology May 2024Prostate cancer (PCa) is a common health threat to men worldwide, and castration-resistant PCa (CRPC) is the leading cause of PCa-related deaths. Extracellular vesicles... (Review)
Review
Prostate cancer (PCa) is a common health threat to men worldwide, and castration-resistant PCa (CRPC) is the leading cause of PCa-related deaths. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are lipid bilayer compartments secreted by living cells that are important mediators of intercellular communication. EVs regulate the biological processes of recipient cells by transmitting heterogeneous cargoes, contributing to CRPC occurrence, progression, and drug resistance. These EVs originate not only from malignant cells, but also from various cell types within the tumor microenvironment. EVs are widely dispersed throughout diverse biological fluids and are attractive biomarkers derived from noninvasive liquid biopsy techniques. EV quantities and cargoes have been tested as potential biomarkers for CRPC diagnosis, progression, drug resistance, and prognosis; however, technical barriers to their clinical application continue to exist. Furthermore, exogenous EVs may provide tools for new therapies for CRPC. This review summarizes the current evidence on the role of EVs in CRPC.
Topics: Humans; Extracellular Vesicles; Prostatic Neoplasms, Castration-Resistant; Male; Biomarkers, Tumor; Drug Resistance, Neoplasm; Tumor Microenvironment; Animals
PubMed: 38588967
DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2024.104348 -
Journal of Proteome Research May 2024Biofluids contain molecules in circulation and from nearby organs that can be indicative of disease states. Characterizing the proteome of biofluids with DIA-MS is an...
Biofluids contain molecules in circulation and from nearby organs that can be indicative of disease states. Characterizing the proteome of biofluids with DIA-MS is an emerging area of interest for biomarker discovery; yet, there is limited consensus on DIA-MS data analysis approaches for analyzing large numbers of biofluids. To evaluate various DIA-MS workflows, we collected urine from a clinically heterogeneous cohort of prostate cancer patients and acquired data in DDA and DIA scan modes. We then searched the DIA data against urine spectral libraries generated using common library generation approaches or a library-free method. We show that DIA-MS doubles the sample throughput compared to standard DDA-MS with minimal losses to peptide detection. We further demonstrate that using a sample-specific spectral library generated from individual urines maximizes peptide detection compared to a library-free approach, a pan-human library, or libraries generated from pooled, fractionated urines. Adding urine subproteomes, such as the urinary extracellular vesicular proteome, to the urine spectral library further improves the detection of prostate proteins in unfractionated urine. Altogether, we present an optimized DIA-MS workflow and provide several high-quality, comprehensive prostate cancer urine spectral libraries that can streamline future biomarker discovery studies of prostate cancer using DIA-MS.
Topics: Humans; Male; Prostatic Neoplasms; Proteome; Proteomics; Prostate; Peptide Library; Biomarkers, Tumor; Tandem Mass Spectrometry; Workflow
PubMed: 38580319
DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.4c00009 -
Annals of Medicine and Surgery (2012) Apr 2024Guillain-Barre syndrome (GBS) has been found to have some interesting association with vaccinations. This paper mainly focuses on exploring different associations... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE
Guillain-Barre syndrome (GBS) has been found to have some interesting association with vaccinations. This paper mainly focuses on exploring different associations between COVID-19 vaccination and GBS.
METHODS
Electronic databases such as PubMed, Google Scholar, Cochrane, and Embase were searched using MESH terms for case reports published till 1 August 2023 from which 70 case reports were documented involving 103 individuals from 23 different countries.
RESULT AND DISCUSSION
The case reports were from a wide range of individuals aged from 13 to 87 years with an average age of 53±20 interquartile range years along with male predominance. The average time between receiving the vaccine and the onset of symptoms was 13.08±2.14 days. Prominent clinical features included back pain, facial diplegia, weakness, and paraesthesia whereas the main diagnostic studies were cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis and electromagnetic studies. The principal diagnostic clue was albumin-cytological dissociation in CSF while being negative for anti-ganglioside antibodies or SARS-CoV-2. Available treatment options consisted of intravenous immunoglobulin and Plasmapheresis. Patients with comorbidities such as diabetes mellitus, hypertension, dyslipidemia, permanent atrial fibrillation, hypothyroidism, Hashimoto's thyroiditis, Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, asthma, osteoporosis, migraine, rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, ulcerative colitis, coeliac disease, seizures, bipolar disorder, endometriosis, multiple sclerosis, bell's palsy, squamous cell carcinoma, prostate cancer were included in our study.
CONCLUSION
Overall, this review evaluated innovative and clinically relevant associations between COVID-19 vaccination and GBS. Understanding of this uncommon potential side effect of COVID-19 vaccination is crucial for prompt diagnosis and appropriate treatment. Importantly, GBS should not be considered a contraindication to vaccination. This underscores the importance of ongoing research to enhance the safety and efficacy of COVID-19 vaccination efforts.
PubMed: 38576928
DOI: 10.1097/MS9.0000000000001915 -
The International Journal of Medical... Apr 2024We investigated the rates of acute kidney injury (AKI) post robot-assisted laparoscopic prostatectomy (RALP). (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
BACKGROUND
We investigated the rates of acute kidney injury (AKI) post robot-assisted laparoscopic prostatectomy (RALP).
METHODS
A comprehensive search was conducted to identify studies that reported the rates of AKI post-RALP. A random effects model was used, and the pooled rates of AKI were calculated.
RESULTS
We identified 10 studies with 60,937 patients to be included. The mean age was 65.1 years. The mean anaesthesia time was 234.3 min (95% CI: 177.8-290.9). The mean operation time was 212.2 min (95% CI: 188.7-235.6). The mean estimated blood loss was 314.1 mL (95% CI: 153-475.3). The mean intraoperative IV fluids administered were 1985 mL (95% CI: 1516.3-2453.7). The pooled rate of AKI post RALP was 7.2% (95% CI 19-23.9).
CONCLUSIONS
The rates of AKI after RALP are significant. Further studies are needed to detect the risk factors for AKI and to determine the rates of chronic kidney disease post-RALP.
Topics: Male; Humans; Aged; Robotics; Prostatectomy; Postoperative Complications; Laparoscopy; Acute Kidney Injury; Robotic Surgical Procedures
PubMed: 38567745
DOI: 10.1002/rcs.2630 -
Tumour Biology : the Journal of the... 2024Tumor markers (TMs) are a heterogeneous group of molecules used in the diagnosis, prognosis and follow-up of cancer patients. During neoplastic differentiation, cells... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Tumor markers (TMs) are a heterogeneous group of molecules used in the diagnosis, prognosis and follow-up of cancer patients. During neoplastic differentiation, cells can either directly synthesize or induce the synthesis of TMs, and the release of these molecules into the bloodstream allows their quantification in biological fluids. Although very small concentrations of TMs are usually present in the serum or plasma of healthy subjects, increased concentrations may also be found in the presence of benign diseases or due to technical interference, producing false positive results.
MATERIAL AND METHODS AND RESULTS
Our review analyses the causes of false positives described between January 1970 to February 2023 for the TMs most frequently used in clinical practice: α-fetoprotein (AFP), β2-microglobulin (β2-M), cancer antigen 15-3 (CA 15-3), cancer antigen CA 19-9 (CA 19-9), cancer antigen CA 72-4 (CA 72-4), cancer antigen 125 (CA 125), carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), chromogranin A (CgA), choriogonadotropin (hCG), cytokeratin 19 fragment (CYFRA 21-1), neuron-specific enolase (NSE), human epididymis protein 4 (HE4), serum HER2 (sHER2), squamous cell carcinoma antigen (SCCA), protein induced by vitamin K absence-II (PIVKA-II), Pro-gastrin-releasing peptide (Pro-GRP), prostate-specific antigen (PSA), Protein S-100 (S-100) and thyroglobulin (Tg). A total of 247 references were included.
CONCLUSIONS
A better understanding of pathophysiological processes and other conditions that affect the concentration of TMs might improve the interpretation of results and their clinical application.
Topics: Male; Humans; Biomarkers, Tumor; Lung Neoplasms; Antigens, Neoplasm; Keratin-19; Carcinoembryonic Antigen; Prostate-Specific Antigen; Phosphopyruvate Hydratase; CA-125 Antigen
PubMed: 38517826
DOI: 10.3233/TUB-220023 -
The association between zinc and prostate cancer development: A systematic review and meta-analysis.PloS One 2024Prostate cancer is affecting males globally, with several complications. Zinc can play roles in cancers. We aimed to clarify the association between zinc levels or... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
BACKGROUND
Prostate cancer is affecting males globally, with several complications. Zinc can play roles in cancers. We aimed to clarify the association between zinc levels or intake with prostate cancer development.
METHODS
We searched PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), and Web of Science until May 1, 2023. We included case-controls and cross-sectionals that measured zinc level and/or intake in patients with prostate cancer or cohorts that evaluated the association between zinc and prostate cancer development. Studies that did not have a healthy control group were excluded. Joanna Briggs Institute was used for quality assessment. Publication bias was evaluated using Egger's and Begg's tests and funnel plot.
RESULTS
Overall, 52 studies (n = 44 case controls, n = 4 cohorts, and n = 4 cross sectionals) with a total number of 163909 participants were included. Serum (standardized mean difference (SMD): -1.11; 95% confidence interval (CI): -1.67, -0.56), hair (SMD: -1.31; 95% CI: -2.19, -0.44), and prostatic fluid or tissue zinc levels (SMD: -3.70; 95% CI: -4.90, -2.49) were significantly lower in prostate cancer patients. There were no significant differences in nail zinc level and zinc intake between those with prostate cancer and healthy controls. There was no publication bias except for serum and hair zinc levels based on Begg's and Egger's tests, respectively. The mean risk of bias scores were 4.61 in case-controls, eight in cohorts, and seven in cross-sectionals.
CONCLUSIONS
Overall, high zinc levels might have a protective role in prostate cancer, which can be used as a therapeutic or preventive intervention. Future large-scale studies are needed to confirm the association.
Topics: Male; Humans; Zinc; Prostatic Neoplasms; Health Status; Nutritional Status; PubMed
PubMed: 38507438
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0299398