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Frontiers in Psychiatry 2021Almost a century after Jacob Levy Moreno pioneered the group practice of psychodrama, research in this area has flourished to include different sub-fields of study and...
Almost a century after Jacob Levy Moreno pioneered the group practice of psychodrama, research in this area has flourished to include different sub-fields of study and psychodramatic intervention for various psychological conditions. By making use of scientometric analysis, particularly document citation analysis and keyword analysis, this study maps out dominant research domains in psychodrama since its inception. From these findings, projections of future research trends and an evaluation of psychodrama research are discussed. Generally, there has been an increased adoption of technology to facilitate psychodrama practice, along with an increasing integration of psychodramatic principles with other psychotherapies. To improve research in this area, this paper recommends greater transparency in the reporting of materials, processes and data used in publications. Finally, we encourage embracing new technological methods such as neuroimaging to provide greater insight into mechanisms of change in psychodrama. The field of psychodrama remains full of potential and innovations to be developed.
PubMed: 34867562
DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2021.780542 -
Praxis Der Kinderpsychologie Und... Nov 2021The present case report presents the treatment of an adolescent with a diagnosis of F 91.1 conduct disorder, childhood-onset type. The treatment refers to the...
The present case report presents the treatment of an adolescent with a diagnosis of F 91.1 conduct disorder, childhood-onset type. The treatment refers to the theoretical concepts of trauma-, psychodrama- and mentalization based psychotherapy. Before starting treatment several test diagnostic procedures were carried out. The psychotherapy targeted at changing the representations of attachment and at a process based development of healthy self-parts in the sense of mentalization. The therapeutic relationship took on a special position. The purpose of this paper is the question of how mental processes can be promoted, developed and integrated and to find out the importance of an integrative treatment approach.
Topics: Adolescent; Child; Conduct Disorder; Humans; Mentalization; Psychotherapy
PubMed: 34734545
DOI: 10.13109/prkk.2021.70.7.572 -
History of Psychology Feb 2022Jacob Levy Moreno, the well-known creator of psychodrama, had a close epistolary relationship with the Spanish psychiatrist Ramón Sarró; a collection of these letters...
Jacob Levy Moreno, the well-known creator of psychodrama, had a close epistolary relationship with the Spanish psychiatrist Ramón Sarró; a collection of these letters has been located in the Sarró personal archive, deposited in the Library of Catalonia. After locating and arranging this correspondence, we proceeded to analyze and contextualize its contents. The analysis of this collection serves as a basis to outline the context in which the relationship between Moreno and Sarró developed, the role played by certain psychotherapy congresses in strengthening their relationships, and the process that resulted in the University of Barcelona awarding Moreno Doctor Honoris Causa. This study has allowed us to identify certain areas of how psychodrama was received in Spain during the 1960s and reflect on the creation of international collaboration networks and the creation of schools and professional and academic legitimation strategies in the wake of the approaches to group psychotherapy and psychodrama that Moreno developed while based in New York. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved).
Topics: History, 20th Century; Psychiatry; Psychodrama; Psychotherapy; Psychotherapy, Group; Spain
PubMed: 34726442
DOI: 10.1037/hop0000206 -
L'Encephale Jun 2022Recent changes in psychiatric care and teaching that limit patient contact for medical students can be overcome in part by simulation-based education. Understanding the...
BACKGROUND
Recent changes in psychiatric care and teaching that limit patient contact for medical students can be overcome in part by simulation-based education. Understanding the learning processes of medical students involved in psychiatric simulation-based programmes could usefully inform efforts to improve this teaching. This study explored the learning processes of medical students the first time they role-play in psychiatry.
METHODS
We used constructivist grounded theory to analyse semi-structured interviews of 13 purposively sampled medical students and the six psychiatrists who trained them. To improve the triangulation process, the results of this analysis were compared with those of the analyses of the role-play video and the debriefing audio-tapes.
RESULTS
Five organising themes emerged: improving the students' immediate perception of patients with mental disorders; cultivating clinical reasoning; managing affect; enhancing skills and attitudes and fostering involvement in learning psychiatry.
CONCLUSION
Results suggest that psychiatric role-playing can improve students' progressive understanding of psychiatry through the development of intuition and by allaying affects. Emotional elaboration and student involvement appear to be key features.
Topics: Education, Medical; Grounded Theory; Humans; Psychiatry; Role Playing; Students, Medical
PubMed: 34686318
DOI: 10.1016/j.encep.2021.05.003 -
Social Work With Groups 2021Blacks/African Americans have the most severe and disproportionate burden of HIV of all racial/ethnic groups in the United States. Oppression (i.e., socio-structural...
Blacks/African Americans have the most severe and disproportionate burden of HIV of all racial/ethnic groups in the United States. Oppression (i.e., socio-structural (macro), institutional (exo), community (meso), and interpersonal (micro)), operates as four interrelated prongs that perpetuate the HIV epidemic in Black/ African American communities. Oppressive (i.e., racist and sexist) cultural scripts transferred to individuals through community, family and interpersonal relationships may play a role in HIV/STI risk. However, socio-behavioral health interventions or behavioral risk reduction interventions have traditionally focused solely on individual-level health risk behaviors allowing invisible, inequitable socio-structural factors to continue unchallenged. A new intervention, was sculpted from two existing interventions and (MAALES) to develop awareness of oppressive cultural scripts operating on interpersonal and intrapersonal levels and to take action against these oppressive messages to reclaim identity, restore relationships, and build community. This paper summarizes the theory and selected sociodramatic components of the intervention that promote healing in action to reduce HIV/STI risk among heterosexually identified, low-income African American men and women with multiple sex partners. Lessons learned in theory, research and practice are also discussed.
PubMed: 34483402
DOI: 10.1080/01609513.2020.1757923 -
Improving delirium detection in intensive care units: Multicomponent education and training program.Journal of the American Geriatrics... Nov 2021Delirium is a common, devastating, and underrecognized syndrome in the intensive care unit (ICU). The study aimed to describe and evaluate a multicomponent education and...
BACKGROUND
Delirium is a common, devastating, and underrecognized syndrome in the intensive care unit (ICU). The study aimed to describe and evaluate a multicomponent education and training program utilizing a "Train-The-Trainer" (TTT) model, to improve delirium detection across a large health system.
METHODS
Fourteen ICUs across nine hospitals participated in a multicomponent delirium program consisting of a 1-day workshop that included: (1) patient testimonials, (2) small group discussions, (3) didactics, and (4) role-playing. Additionally, four ICUs received direct observation/training via telehealth (tele-delirium training). The Kirkpatrick model was used for program evaluation in a pre/post-test design.
RESULTS
A 1-day delirium workshop was held at two time points and included 73 ICU nurses. Of the 65 nurses completing the post-workshop satisfaction survey, most (46.2) had >10 years of clinical experience, and no or minimal delirium training (69.2%). All nurses (100%) identified lack of knowledge as a barrier to delirium detection, while time constraints and lack of importance accounted for only 25%. Overall, nurses rated the workshop positively (excellent 66.7%, and very good 23.3%), and likely to change practice (definitely 73.3% and very likely 15.0%). All validated Confusion Assessment Method for the ICU (CAM-ICU) cases demonstrated improvement in number of correct responses. Delirium detection across the health system improved from 9.1% at baseline to 21.2% in ICUs that participated in the workshop and 30.1% in those ICUs that also participated in the tele-delirium training (p = 0.005).
CONCLUSION
A multicomponent delirium education and training program using a TTT model was rated positively, improved CAM-ICU knowledge, and increased delirium detection.
Topics: Delirium; Educational Status; Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; Humans; Intensive Care Units; Nursing Assessment; Nursing Staff, Hospital; Program Evaluation; Role Playing; Surveys and Questionnaires; Teaching
PubMed: 34402046
DOI: 10.1111/jgs.17419 -
Frontiers in Psychology 2021Empirical studies in the creative arts therapies (CATs; i.e., art therapy, dance/movement therapy, drama therapy, music therapy, psychodrama, and poetry/bibliotherapy)...
Empirical studies in the creative arts therapies (CATs; i.e., art therapy, dance/movement therapy, drama therapy, music therapy, psychodrama, and poetry/bibliotherapy) have grown rapidly in the last 10 years, documenting their positive impact on a wide range of psychological and physiological outcomes (e.g., stress, trauma, depression, anxiety, and pain). However, it remains unclear and the CATs have positive effects, and which therapeutic factors account for these changes. Research that specifically focuses on the therapeutic factors and/or mechanisms of change in CATs is only beginning to emerge. To gain more insight into how and why the CATs influence outcomes, we conducted a scoping review ( = 67) to pinpoint therapeutic factors specific to each CATs discipline, joint factors of CATs, and more generic common factors across all psychotherapy approaches. This review therefore provides an overview of empirical CATs studies dealing with therapeutic factors and/or mechanisms of change, and a detailed analysis of these therapeutic factors which are grouped into domains. A framework of 19 domains of CATs therapeutic factors is proposed, of which the three domains are composed solely of factors unique to the CATs: "embodiment," "concretization," and "symbolism and metaphors." The terminology used in change process research is clarified, and the implications for future research, clinical practice, and CATs education are discussed.
PubMed: 34366998
DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.678397 -
Frontiers in Psychology 2021In the midst of a global pandemic, psychology has a duty to identify dispositional or character traits that can be cultivated in citizens in order to create resiliency...
In the midst of a global pandemic, psychology has a duty to identify dispositional or character traits that can be cultivated in citizens in order to create resiliency in the face of profound losses, suffering and distress. Dispositional joy holds some promise as such a trait that could be especially important for well-being during the current pandemic and its consequences. The concept of the Joyful Life may operate as bridge between positive psychology and humanistic, existential, and spiritual views of the good life, by integrating hedonic, prudential, eudaimonic and chaironic visions of the good life. Previous phenomenological research on state joy suggests that momentary states of joy may have features that overlap with happiness but go beyond mere hedonic interests, and point to the experience of a life oriented toward virtue and a sense of the transcendent or the sacred. However, qualitative research on the Joyful Life, or dispositional joy, is sorely lacking. This study utilized a dialogical phenomenological analysis to conduct a group-based analysis of 17 volunteer students, who produced 51 autobiographical narrative descriptions of the joyful life. The dialogical analyses were assisted by integration of the Imagery in Movement Method, which incorporated expressive drawing and psychodrama as an aid to explicate implicit themes in the experiences of the participants. The analyses yielded ten invariant themes found across the autobiographical narrative descriptions: Being broken, being grounded, being centered, breaking open, being uplifted, being supertemporal, being open to the mystery, being grateful, opening up and out, and being together. The descriptions of a Joyful Life were consistent with a meaning orientation to happiness, due to their emphasis on the cultivation of virtue in the service of a higher calling, the realization of which was felt to be a gift or blessing. The discussion examines implications for future research, including the current relevance of a joyful disposition during a global pandemic. Due to the joyful disposition's tendency to transform suffering and tragedy into meaning, and its theme of an orientation to prosocial motivations, the Joyful Life may occupy a central place in the study of resiliency and personal growth in response to personal and collective trauma such as COVID-19.
PubMed: 34366969
DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.648600 -
Addictive Behaviors Dec 2021Esports has become one of the major online entertainment activities around the globe. Different from the previously dominant massively multiplayer online role-playing...
Esports has become one of the major online entertainment activities around the globe. Different from the previously dominant massively multiplayer online role-playing games, esports gaming has its unique structural characteristics, which substantially reshape the motivations, experiences, and behaviors of game users while raising new questions for research on Internet gaming disorder. In addition to identifying four structural characteristics of esports, the present study analyzed their implications from both theoretical and practical perspectives and conducted a cross-cultural examination by utilizing accurate and objective match history data of esports gamers in five different geographic regions (countries). Several findings of interest were obtained in this study. First, having in-game friend(s) in a premade team significantly increased gamers' propensity to play consecutive matches. Second, whereas Nordic and Eastern European gamers tended to play additional matches following wins, Japanese gamers were inclined to do so after experiencing losses. Third, low and high-skilled gamers were more likely to engage in consecutive play than their middle-skilled counterparts. With a focus on the competitive nature of esports, this study demonstrated that the presence of friend(s), the outcome of the previous match, and the level of gaming skill can significantly influence esports gamers' involvement.
Topics: Behavior, Addictive; Cross-Cultural Comparison; Humans; Internet; Motivation; Role Playing; Video Games
PubMed: 34332273
DOI: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2021.107056 -
Perspectives in Psychiatric Care Oct 2022This study aims to investigate the effects of psychodrama group practices on nursing students' levels of self-liking, self-competence, and self-acceptance.
PURPOSE
This study aims to investigate the effects of psychodrama group practices on nursing students' levels of self-liking, self-competence, and self-acceptance.
DESIGN AND METHOD
This study was a non-randomized quasi-experimental study with a control group including pre-test, post-test, and follow-up test procedures. The study was carried out with 29 participants, including 15 experimental and 14 control group participants. The study data were collected using the sociodemographic characteristics questionnaire, the Self-Liking/Self-Competence Scale, and the Unconditional Self-Acceptance Scale.
FINDING
It was found that the self-liking sub-dimension, self-liking/self-competence, and unconditional self-acceptance total scores in the experimental group were significantly higher than the control group in the post-test measurements.
PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS
Psychodrama group practices have significant positive effects on students' self-liking, self-competence, and self-acceptance among nursing students.
Topics: Humans; Students, Nursing; Clinical Competence; Surveys and Questionnaires; Psychodrama; Group Practice; Education, Nursing, Baccalaureate
PubMed: 34312895
DOI: 10.1111/ppc.12921