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Journal of Affective Disorders Aug 2024Postpartum depression (PPD) is a serious psychiatric disorder that has significantly adverse impacts on maternal health. Metabolic abnormalities in the brain are...
BACKGROUND
Postpartum depression (PPD) is a serious psychiatric disorder that has significantly adverse impacts on maternal health. Metabolic abnormalities in the brain are associated with numerous neurological disorders, yet the specific metabolic signaling pathways and brain regions involved in PPD remain unelucidated.
METHODS
We performed behavioral test in the virgin and postpartum mice. We used mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) and targeted metabolomics analyses to investigate the metabolic alternation in the brain of GABAR Delta-subunit-deficient (Gabrd) postpartum mice, a specific preclinical animal model of PPD. Next, we performed mechanism studies including qPCR, Western blot, immunofluorescence staining, electron microscopy and primary astrocyte culture. In the specific knockdown and rescue experiments, we injected the adeno-associated virus into the central amygdala (CeA) of female mice.
RESULTS
We identified that prostaglandin D2 (PGD2) downregulation in the CeA was the most outstanding alternation in PPD, and then validated that lipocalin-type prostaglandin D synthase (L-PGDS)/PGD2 downregulation plays a causal role in depressive behaviors derived from PPD in both wild-type and Gabrd mice. Furthermore, we verified that L-PGDS/PGD2 signaling dysfunction-induced astrocytes atrophy is mediated by Src phosphorylation both in vitro and in vivo.
LIMITATIONS
L-PGDS/PGD2 signaling dysfunction may be only responsible for the depressive behavior rather than maternal behaviors in the PPD, and it remains to be seen whether this mechanism is applicable to all depression types.
CONCLUSION
Our study identified abnormalities in the L-PGDS/PGD2 signaling in the CeA, which inhibited Src phosphorylation and induced astrocyte atrophy, ultimately resulting in the development of PPD in mice.
Topics: Animals; Astrocytes; Female; Depression, Postpartum; Mice; Signal Transduction; Atrophy; Prostaglandin D2; Disease Models, Animal; Central Amygdaloid Nucleus; Intramolecular Oxidoreductases; Lipocalins; src-Family Kinases; Mice, Knockout
PubMed: 38768820
DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2024.05.083 -
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia E... 2024Postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) is the leading cause of maternal death globally. Therefore, prevention strategies have been created. The study aimed to evaluate the...
OBJECTIVE
Postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) is the leading cause of maternal death globally. Therefore, prevention strategies have been created. The study aimed to evaluate the occurrence of PPH and its risk factors after implementing a risk stratification at admission in a teaching hospital.
METHODS
A retrospective cohort involving a database of SISMATER® electronic medical record. Classification in low, medium, or high risk for PPH was performed through data filled out by the obstetrician-assistant. PPH frequency was calculated, compared among these groups and associated with the risk factors.
RESULTS
The prevalence of PPH was 6.8%, 131 among 1,936 women. Sixty-eight (51.9%) of them occurred in the high-risk group, 30 (22.9%) in the medium-risk and 33 (25.2%) in the low-risk group. The adjusted-odds ratio (OR) for PPH were analyzed using a confidence interval (95% CI) and was significantly higher in who presented multiple pregnancy (OR 2.88, 95% CI 1.28 to 6.49), active bleeding on admission (OR 6.12, 95% CI 1.20 to 4.65), non-cephalic presentation (OR 2.36, 95% CI 1.20 to 4.65), retained placenta (OR 9.39, 95% CI 2.90 to 30.46) and placental abruption (OR 6.95, 95% CI 2.06 to 23.48). Vaginal delivery figured out as a protective factor (OR 0.58, 95% CI 0.34 to 0.98).
CONCLUSION
Prediction of PPH is still a challenge since its unpredictable factor arrangements. The fact that the analysis did not demonstrate a relationship between risk category and frequency of PPH could be attributable to the efficacy of the strategy: Women classified as "high-risk" received adequate medical care, consequently.
Topics: Humans; Female; Retrospective Studies; Postpartum Hemorrhage; Adult; Risk Factors; Electronic Health Records; Pregnancy; Young Adult; Patient Admission; Prevalence; Risk Assessment; Cohort Studies
PubMed: 38765539
DOI: 10.61622/rbgo/2024AO14 -
Scientific Reports May 2024Associations between depressive symptoms and breastfeeding are well documented. However, evidence is lacking for subdivisions of feeding styles, namely exclusive...
Associations between depressive symptoms and breastfeeding are well documented. However, evidence is lacking for subdivisions of feeding styles, namely exclusive breastfeeding, exclusive formula feeding and a mixed feeding style (breastfeeding and formula feeding). In addition, studies examining associations between mother-child-bonding and breastfeeding have yielded mixed results. The aim of this study is to provide a more profound understanding of the different feeding styles and their associations with maternal mental health and mother-child-bonding. Data from 307 women were collected longitudinally in person (prenatally) and by telephone (3 months postnatally) using validated self-report measures, and analyzed using correlational analyses, unpaired group comparisons and regression analyses. Our results from a multinomial regression analysis revealed that impaired mother-child-bonding was positively associated with mixed feeding style (p = .003) and depressive symptoms prenatal were positively associated with exclusive formula feeding (p = .013). Further studies could investigate whether information about the underlying reasons we found for mixed feeding, such as insufficient weight gain of the child or the feeling that the child is unsatiated, could help prevent impaired mother-child-bonding. Overall, the results of this study have promising new implications for research and practice, regarding at-risk populations and implications for preventive measures regarding postpartum depression and an impaired mother-child-bonding.
Topics: Humans; Breast Feeding; Female; Mother-Child Relations; Adult; Depression, Postpartum; Depression; Infant Formula; Infant; Object Attachment; Mothers; Longitudinal Studies; Infant, Newborn; Pregnancy; Bottle Feeding
PubMed: 38763963
DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-62168-y -
The National Medical Journal of India 2023
Topics: Humans; Female; Postpartum Hemorrhage; Pregnancy; Early Diagnosis; India
PubMed: 38759984
DOI: 10.25259/NMJI_580_2023 -
Psychoneuroendocrinology Aug 2024Allopregnanolone (ALLO) is a metabolite of progesterone and a neuroactive steroid hormone. As a positive allosteric modulator of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)...
BACKGROUND
Allopregnanolone (ALLO) is a metabolite of progesterone and a neuroactive steroid hormone. As a positive allosteric modulator of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) receptors, ALLO seems to have antidepressant and anxiolytic effects, and was therefore approved as a specific medication for the treatment of postpartum depression in 2019. Despite the growing number of publications investigating ALLO levels, results on the biological and psychological correlates in the peripartum period remain inconsistent, possibly due to methodological challenges regarding measurement. To date, however, there is no systematic review examining the correlates, concentrations, and challenges in measuring ALLO in peripartum women.
METHOD
A systematic literature search of PubMed and PsycINFO was conducted in August 2023. Original research articles that measured ALLO concentrations in peripartum women were included. Reports were excluded if they were not original research, included non-human subjects, did not include peripartum women, did not include ALLO measurement as an outcome, included (pharmacological) interventions, constituted method validations, or used the same cohort as another study.
RESULTS
The literature search yielded 234 articles, and two articles were identified from other sources. After full-text screening, 19 articles (N = 1401) met the inclusion criteria, of which seven focused on biological correlates of ALLO and 12 on mood correlates. Of the latter, six found no association between ALLO and mood, four found a negative association, and two found a positive association. Overall, the results show an increase in ALLO levels during pregnancy and a decrease after birth, with levels then remaining low until six months postpartum. ALLO was most commonly measured in blood plasma and by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). A significant matrix effect was found for blood serum and a significant method effect for radioimmunoassays (RIAs). A significant effect of time of measurement was found.
CONCLUSION
ALLO measurement shows method and matrix effects. ALLO levels are higher when measured in serum compared to in plasma, and when measured using RIA compared to other methods. Time of measurement, study design, and standardization of measurement also influence the reliability of measurement and the interpretation of results.
Topics: Humans; Pregnanolone; Female; Peripartum Period; Pregnancy; Depression, Postpartum; Adult
PubMed: 38759520
DOI: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2024.107081 -
Medicine May 2024The perinatal period is crucial for both mother and newborn, and mental health, including prenatal and postpartum depression (PPD), is a significant aspect. Screening... (Observational Study)
Observational Study
The perinatal period is crucial for both mother and newborn, and mental health, including prenatal and postpartum depression (PPD), is a significant aspect. Screening for these disorders allows for early treatment and helps prevent risks to both mother and child. This prospective cohort study was carried out at University Hospital Obstetrics in Damascus City. The first phase was during the third trimester of pregnancy and the second phase involved a follow-up assessment after 6 weeks of delivery. The Arabic-validated version of the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale questionnaire (EPDS) was used. A cutoff of 13 or higher was used to determine the presence of probable depression in both assessments. Of 347 pregnant women, 38.6% had prenatal depression (PND). 295 patients have achieved the second assessment, of which 30.2% had PPD. Furthermore, 42.6% who had PND developed PPD on follow-up. Binary logistic regression indicated that PND was predicted by non-Syrian nationality, paternal absence, poor financial status, number of previous pregnancies, and a history of depression independent of pregnancy. PPD was predicted by a history of PPD, and work status. Findings underscore potential value of early screening for depressive symptoms as a predictive measure. It is recommended that women with a history of depression receive heightened attention and care, irrespective of the timing of their depressive episodes.
Topics: Humans; Female; Pregnancy; Depression, Postpartum; Prospective Studies; Adult; Hospitals, University; Pregnancy Complications; Depression; Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; Young Adult; Risk Factors
PubMed: 38758898
DOI: 10.1097/MD.0000000000038170 -
Frontiers in Public Health 2024Postpartum depression (PPD) is the most common mental illness affecting women after childbirth, and working mothers may be faced with unique challenges. This study aimed...
BACKGROUND
Postpartum depression (PPD) is the most common mental illness affecting women after childbirth, and working mothers may be faced with unique challenges. This study aimed to examine the depression status among working postpartum women in 1 year of childbirth and explore the relationship between occupational factors and PPD in urban Beijing, China.
METHODS
A cross-sectional survey of 554 postpartum women was conducted among ten community health service centers in six urban districts of Beijing, China. Sociodemographic, occupational, childbirth and postpartum information were collected. Depression status was obtained using the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale. Prevalence of postpartum depression (PPD) was assessed in relation to occupational characteristics, and influencing factors were analyzed through logistic regression.
RESULTS
Of the postpartum women, 29.42% met the criteria for depression. PPD prevalence was significantly higher among women employed in commercial enterprises (39.81%). The analysis of influencing factors showed that age, family or personal monthly income, maternity leave, feeding methods, and postpartum care affected the psychological health of occupational women after childbirth.
CONCLUSION
PPD prevalence is notably elevated among women employed in commercial enterprises, and specific risk factors contribute to its occurrence. These findings highlight the need for targeted interventions to address these risk factors and prevent PPD in this population.
Topics: Humans; Female; Cross-Sectional Studies; Adult; Risk Factors; Depression, Postpartum; Women, Working; Beijing; Prevalence; Surveys and Questionnaires; China; Young Adult
PubMed: 38756876
DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1346583 -
Tropical Animal Health and Production May 2024In herds of dairy goats, mastitis represents a major health and economic problem due to the multiresistance of some microorganisms. In this context, the study aimed to...
In herds of dairy goats, mastitis represents a major health and economic problem due to the multiresistance of some microorganisms. In this context, the study aimed to determine the potential of antimicrobial action and antibiofilm of the crude ethanolic extract (CEE) of Hymenaea martiana (jatobá) leaves, as well its fractions, on Staphylococcus sp isolated from bacterial cultures of goat milk. In vitro assays were performed to determine the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC), as well as tests of the effect of CEE on biofilm formation and quantification and the consolidated biofilm. The experimental infection was performed in two groups, each consisting of five goat. Experimental Group 1 (G1) consisted of five females treated with an intramammary ointment based on the CEE, at a concentration of 5%. Experimental Group 2 (G2) consisted of five females treated with a commercial intramammary ointment based on gentamicin, once a day, for six consecutive days. The diagnosis of mastitis was performed using a bacterial culture. The dichloromethane fraction of CEE was the one with the lowest concentrations of MBC, ranging from 195.3 to 781 µg / ml. Concerning to the biofilm, interference of the tested extract was observed for two isolates. In the present study, the ointment prepared from H. martiana extract (jatobá) was able to reduce bacterial infection in mammary glands experimentally infected with S. aureus. Antibacterial activity may be related to the classes of secondary metabolites found.
Topics: Animals; Goats; Female; Goat Diseases; Staphylococcal Infections; Staphylococcus aureus; Mastitis; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Plant Extracts; Biofilms; Milk; Plant Leaves
PubMed: 38753181
DOI: 10.1007/s11250-024-04026-7 -
BMJ Open May 2024Postnatal depression affects up to one in six new mothers in Australia each year, with significant impacts on the woman and her family. Prevention strategies can be...
Preventing postnatal depression in new mothers using telephone peer support: protocol for the DAISY (Depression and AnxIety peer Support studY) multi-centre randomised controlled trial.
INTRODUCTION
Postnatal depression affects up to one in six new mothers in Australia each year, with significant impacts on the woman and her family. Prevention strategies can be complicated by a woman's reluctance to seek professional help. Peer support is a promising but inadequately tested early intervention. Very few trials have reported on the efficacy of peer support in the perinatal period and no study has been undertaken in Australia. We will explore if proactive telephone-based peer (mother-to-mother) support, provided to women identified as being at high risk of postnatal depression, impacts on clinically significant depressive symptomatology at 6 months postpartum.
METHODS AND ANALYSIS
This is a protocol for a single-blinded, multi-centre, randomised controlled trial conducted in Melbourne, Australia. Eligible women will be recruited from either the postnatal units of two maternity hospitals, or around 4 weeks postpartum at maternal and child health centres within two metropolitan council areas. A total of 1060 (530/group) women will be recruited and randomly allocated (1:1 ratio) to either-usual care, to receive the standard community postpartum services available to them, or the intervention group, to receive proactive telephone-based support from a peer volunteer for 6 months, in addition to standard community services.
PRIMARY OUTCOME
clinically significant depressive symptomatology at 6 months postpartum as measured using the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale.
SECONDARY OUTCOMES
symptoms of anxiety and/or stress, health-related quality of life, loneliness, perception of partner support, self-rated parenting, child health and development, infant feeding and health service use. The cost-effectiveness of the intervention relative to standard care will also be assessed.
ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION
Ethics approval has been obtained from La Trobe University, St. Vincent's Hospital, the Royal Women's Hospital, Northern Health, Victorian Department of Health and Human Services and Victorian Department of Education and Training. Written informed consent will be obtained from all participants before randomisation. Trial results will be disseminated through peer-reviewed publications, conference presentations and a higher degree thesis.
TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER
ACTRN12619000684123; Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry.
Topics: Adult; Female; Humans; Anxiety; Australia; Depression, Postpartum; Mothers; Multicenter Studies as Topic; Peer Group; Quality of Life; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; Single-Blind Method; Social Support; Telephone
PubMed: 38749691
DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2024-087477 -
Hypertension (Dallas, Tex. : 1979) Jun 2024
Review
Topics: Humans; Female; Pregnancy; Diabetes, Gestational; Hypertension; Postpartum Period; Women's Health; Cardiovascular Diseases; Puerperal Disorders
PubMed: 38748767
DOI: 10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.124.22919