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Spectrochimica Acta. Part A, Molecular... Jun 2024The synthesis of carbon quantum dots (CQDs) using chemical precursors with different organic groups is a strategy to improve optical properties and expand applications...
The synthesis of carbon quantum dots (CQDs) using chemical precursors with different organic groups is a strategy to improve optical properties and expand applications in several fields of research such as Analytical Chemistry. Ascorbic acid and riboflavin are widely used in human food supplementation, making quality monitoring of these vitamin supplements relevant and necessary. In this work, disodium ethylenediaminetetraacetic, sodium thiosulfate and urea were applied to obtain CQDs through a single-step microwave-assisted synthesis. The CQDs were characterized by transmission electron microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, X-ray powder diffraction, infrared spectroscopy, zeta potential measurements, ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy and photoluminescence spectroscopy. The synthesized nanoparticles exhibited satisfactory and stable optical properties with luminescence at 430 nm, water solubility, and fluorescence quantum yield of 8.9 %. They were applied in the quantification of ascorbic acid and riboflavin in vitamin supplements. The fluorescence mechanisms observed were dynamic quenching for the CQDs/Cr(VI) sensor, followed by a return of fluorescence in the presence of ascorbic acid, and static quenching and inner filter effect in the interaction with riboflavin. Factorial designs 2 and 2 were used to optimize the analytical parameters. The CQDs/Cr(VI) sensor used in the determination of ascorbic acid, employing an on-off-on strategy, resulted in a linear range of 0.5 to 50 µg mL and a limit of detection of 0.15 µg mL. The ratiometric fluorescence used in the determination of riboflavin resulted in a linear range of 0.1 to 7 µg mL and a limit of detection of 0.09 µg mL. The analytical results for ascorbic acid were compared to the reference method of the Brazilian pharmacopeia, showing accuracy and precision according to the Brazilian Health Regulation Agency. Therefore, the synthesized CQDs were used to determine ascorbic acid and riboflavin in vitamin supplements, and the application of this nanomaterial can be expanded to different analytes and matrices, using simple and low-cost analysis techniques.
PubMed: 38909560
DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2024.124669 -
The Science of the Total Environment Jun 2024Selecting an appropriate electron donor to enhance nitrogen removal for treating low C/N wastewater in ecological floating beds (EFBs) is controversy. In this study, a...
Reveling the micromolecular biological mechanism of acetate, thiosulfate and Fe in ecological floating beds for treating low C/N wastewater: Insight into nitrogen removals and greenhouse gases reductions.
Selecting an appropriate electron donor to enhance nitrogen removal for treating low C/N wastewater in ecological floating beds (EFBs) is controversy. In this study, a systematic and comprehensive evaluation of sodium acetate (EFB-C), sodium thiosulfate (EFB-S) and iron scraps (EFB-Fe) was performed in a 2-year experiment on long-term viability including nitrogen removal and greenhouse gas emissions associated with key molecular biological mechanisms. The results showed that EFB-C (43-85 %) and EFB-S (40-88 %) exhibited superior total nitrogen (TN) removal. Temperature and hydraulic retention time (HRT) have significant impacts on TN removal of EFB-Fe, however, it could reach 86 % under high temperature (30-35 °C) and a long HRT (3 days), and it has lowest NO (0-6.2 mg m d) and CH (0-5.3 mg m d) fluxes. Microbial network analysis revealed that the microbes changed from competing to cooperating after adding electron donors. A higher abundance of anammox genera was enriched in EFB-Fe. The Mantel's test and structural equation model provided proof of the differences, which showed that acetate and thiosulfate were similar, whereas Fe was different in the nitrogen removal mechanism. Molecular biology analyses further verified that heterotrophic, autotrophic, and mixotrophic coupled with anammox were the main TN removal pathways for EFB-C, EFB-S, and EFB-Fe, respectively. These findings provide a better understanding of the biological mechanisms for selecting appropriate electron donors for treating low C/N wastewater.
PubMed: 38908573
DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.174042 -
Poultry Science Jun 2024Peroxyacetic acid (PAA) is widely used as an antimicrobial in poultry processing. Recent salmonellosis outbreaks caused by Salmonella Infantis (SI) from chicken products...
Peroxyacetic acid (PAA) is widely used as an antimicrobial in poultry processing. Recent salmonellosis outbreaks caused by Salmonella Infantis (SI) from chicken products and Salmonella Reading (SR) from turkey products have raised concerns about their enhanced resistance (compared to Salmonella Typhimurium [ST]) to commonly used antimicrobial interventions such as PAA. The objective of this research was to evaluate the efficacy of PAA against Salmonella serotypes (Typhimurium, Infantis and Reading), effect on product color and decomposition of PAA at different pH levels. Fresh chicken wings (0.45 kg) were inoculated with a cocktail (ca. 6 log CFU/mL) of nalidixic acid resistant ST, rifampicin resistant SI and kanamycin resistant SR. Inoculated chicken wings were immersed in PAA solutions (100 or 500 ppm; adjusted to either pH 8.5 or unadjusted natural pH) for either 10 s or 60 min to replicate treatments for chicken parts or whole carcasses, respectively. Treated chicken wings were rinsed in buffered peptone water (100 mL) containing sodium thiosulfate (0.1 %), serially diluted in peptone water supplemented with 200 ppm of nalidixic acid, rifampicin or kanamycin for enumeration of ST, SI, and SR respectively, and plated on APC Petrifilm. Immersion of chicken wings in 500 ppm PAA for 60 min resulted in greater microbial reductions (P ≤ 0.05) of ST, SI, SR of ca. Two log CFU/mL each, compared to 10 s treatment. Regardless of concentration and pH of PAA, increased exposure time (60 min vs. 10 s) resulted in greater reductions (P ≤ 0.05) of ST, SI, SR. ST was slightly more resistant to PAA solutions than S. Infantis and S. Reading (P ≤ 0.05) for all experimental conditions (PAA conc, pH, and exposure times). Faster decomposition of PAA (100 and 500 ppm) was observed at pH 8.5 compared to unadjusted, natural pH (P ≤ 0.05). Product color (lightness, L*) was not affected regardless of the PAA concentration, exposure time or the pH.
PubMed: 38908117
DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2024.103935 -
Nitric Oxide : Biology and Chemistry Jun 2024Sodium thiosulfate has been used for decades in the treatment of calciphylaxis and cyanide detoxification, and has recently shown initial therapeutic promise in critical... (Review)
Review
Sodium thiosulfate has been used for decades in the treatment of calciphylaxis and cyanide detoxification, and has recently shown initial therapeutic promise in critical diseases such as neuronal ischemia, diabetes mellitus, heart failure and acute lung injury. However, the precise mechanism of sodium thiosulfate remains incompletely defined and sometimes contradictory. Although sodium thiosulfate has been widely accepted as a donor of hydrogen sulfide (HS), emerging findings suggest that it is the executive signaling molecule for HS and that its effects may not be dependent on HS. This article presents an overview of the current understanding of sodium thiosulfate, including its synthesis, biological characteristics, and clinical applications of sodium thiosulfate, as well as the underlying mechanisms in vivo. We also discussed the interplay of sodium thiosulfate and HS. Our review highlights sodium thiosulfate as a key player in sulfide signaling with the broad clinical potential for the future.
PubMed: 38897561
DOI: 10.1016/j.niox.2024.06.004 -
Polymers May 2024We assessed the effect of non-protein thiols (NPSH), reduced glutathione (GSH) and -acetylcysteine (NAC), on resin shear bond strength (SBS) to hydrogen peroxide...
We assessed the effect of non-protein thiols (NPSH), reduced glutathione (GSH) and -acetylcysteine (NAC), on resin shear bond strength (SBS) to hydrogen peroxide (HO)-treated dentin, and their effects on the characteristics of dentin in comparison to ascorbic acid (AA) and sodium thiosulfate (STS). HO-treated dentin was conditioned with 5% AA, GSH, NAC, or STS applied for 1 or 5 min. The positive control group received HO without antioxidant application, and the first negative control group received distilled water (DW). The specimens received resin bonding immediately after treatment except for the second negative control group (delayed bonding). Microhardness, roughness, and topography were studied. The SBS values of all antioxidants were statistically greater than the positive control group ( < 0.05); however, NAC and AA applied for 1 min demonstrated the highest values, which were comparable to delayed bonding. All treatments removed the smear layer except DW, HO, and STS. The negative effect of HO on resin-dentin bonding was mitigated by the application of the antioxidants; however, their efficiencies were dependent on the antioxidant type and time of application. NAC was more effective in optimizing resin bonding to bleached dentin compared to GSH at 1 min application and STS at both application times but was comparable to AA. Negligible negative effects on the substrate's roughness and microhardness were detected. The antioxidant properties of the agent and its capacity to remove the smear layer are the processes underpinning the ability of a certain antioxidant to reverse the effect of HO on bonding.
PubMed: 38891420
DOI: 10.3390/polym16111473 -
Journal of Hazardous Materials Aug 2024Total organic halogen (TOX) is used to describe total amount of halogenated DBPs. Typically, once a chlor(am)inated water sample is collected, it is necessary to add a...
The investigation of quenching conditions for the analysis of total organic halogen, aliphatic and aromatic halogenated disinfection byproducts formed from chlor(am)ination.
Total organic halogen (TOX) is used to describe total amount of halogenated DBPs. Typically, once a chlor(am)inated water sample is collected, it is necessary to add a quenching agent to quench the residual disinfectant so that further reactions to form more DBPs during the holding time can be prevented. In this study, we evaluated the effects of four quenching agents: ammonium chloride (NHCl), ascorbic acid, sodium sulfite (NaSO), and sodium thiosulfate (NaSO) on the decomposition of TOX, aliphatic and aromatic halogenated DBPs under various quenching conditions (quenching time, pH, quenching ratio, temperature). The results showed that ascorbic acid had the least impact on TOX. Ascorbic acid appeared to be the most suitable quenching agent for aliphatic halogenated DBPs, especially since it could preserve more haloacetonitriles than other quenching agents. Both ascorbic acid and NaSO could be used for the analysis of aromatic halogenated DBPs. The lower pH (pH 6.0), not excessive quenching agents and lower temperature (4 ºC) were all conducive to the preservation of TOX and halogenated DBPs. Importantly, unknown TOX (UTOX) also contained significantly toxic components. It was also found that addition of quenching agents might lead to underestimation of UTOX by researchers. SYNOPSIS: The quenching agents and quenching conditions for the analysis of total organic halogen, aliphatic and aromatic halogenated DBPs formed from chlor(am)ination were investigated.
PubMed: 38878428
DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.134918 -
Archives of Dermatological Research Jun 2024Calcinosis cutis is a condition that is commonly associated with autoimmune connective tissue diseases. It is characterized by the deposition of insoluble calcium salts... (Review)
Review
Calcinosis cutis is a condition that is commonly associated with autoimmune connective tissue diseases. It is characterized by the deposition of insoluble calcium salts in the skin and subcutaneous tissue, which can cause pain, impair function, and have significant impacts on quality of life. Calcinosis cutis is difficult to manage because there is no generally accepted treatment: evidence supporting treatments is mostly comprised of case reports and case series, sometimes yielding mixed findings. Both pharmacologic and procedural interventions have been proposed to improve calcinosis cutis, and each may be suited to different clinical scenarios. This review summarizes current treatment options for calcinosis cutis, with discussion of recommendations based on patient-specific factors and disease severity.
Topics: Humans; Calcinosis; Connective Tissue Diseases; Skin Diseases; Autoimmune Diseases; Quality of Life; Skin; Calcinosis Cutis
PubMed: 38878086
DOI: 10.1007/s00403-024-03148-0 -
Journal of Surgical Case Reports Jun 2024Calciphylaxis is a disorder causing ischemic skin necrosis, typically associated with end-stage renal disease or those receiving dialysis. Occurrence is rare in those...
Calciphylaxis is a disorder causing ischemic skin necrosis, typically associated with end-stage renal disease or those receiving dialysis. Occurrence is rare in those without end-stage renal disease, and treatment options are limited. This case report describes a patient with calciphylaxis without end-stage renal disease or history of dialysis. Treatment with sodium thiosulfate, a first line option, had to be stopped due to metabolic derangements, limiting the healing process. Diagnosis and treatment of this rare disorder are important to prevent further complications that may result.
PubMed: 38835946
DOI: 10.1093/jscr/rjae404 -
Gynecologic Oncology Reports Aug 2024Patients with advanced stage ovarian cancers commonly undergo hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) following interval debulking via exploratory laparotomy....
Patients with advanced stage ovarian cancers commonly undergo hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) following interval debulking via exploratory laparotomy. This video demonstrates the feasibility of HIPEC delivery via a minimally invasive approach with the use of a vaginal GelPoint® port. This video demonstrates a 56-year-old patient with Stage 3 bilateral fallopian tube cancer who underwent 3 cycles of neoadjuvant chemotherapy with cisplatin and paclitaxel. Prior to administration of HIPEC the patient underwent an uncomplicated robotic assisted radical hysterectomy, bilateral salpingo-oopherectomy and infracolic omentectomy. Additionally, the falciform ligament was transected. The vaginal cuff was then used for placement of the GelPoint® port. The inflow and outflow cannulas were placed at the level of the liver and pelvis robotically. To minimize risk of inadvertent spillage, robotic obturators were replaced. Prior to administration of HIPEC, 4 L of warm saline was administered. An additional safety check was performed with no areas of leak. Cisplatin was administered for 90 min followed by sodium thiosulfate and 3 L of normal saline. Confirmation of no residual fluid was noted laparoscopically. The patient was discharged 2 days postoperatively without postoperative complications. In this video we demonstrated the innovative technique of performing HIPEC via a minimally invasive approach, that typically requires an open procedure. With the use of a vaginal Gelpoint® we were able to safely administer intraperitoneal chemotherapy without risk to our patient. We were also able to minimize their length of hospital stay and expedite postoperative recovery. Further implementation of this technique may improve hospital resource allocation.
PubMed: 38831999
DOI: 10.1016/j.gore.2024.101400 -
The Journal of Physical Chemistry... Jun 2024Tin oxide (SnO) as electron transportation layer (ETL) has demonstrated remarkable performance applied in perovskite solar cells but still accommodated a host of defects...
Tin oxide (SnO) as electron transportation layer (ETL) has demonstrated remarkable performance applied in perovskite solar cells but still accommodated a host of defects such as oxygen vacancies, uncoordinated Sn , and absorbed hydroxyl groups. Here, we use inorganic sodium thiosulfate NaSO to modify SnO nanoparticles in a bulk blending manner. Strong interaction between NaSO and SnO occurs, as reflected from the elemental chemical state change. The interaction has endowed the SnO film with better uniformity, increased conductivity, and more matched energy level with perovskite. Moreover, the modified SnO film as a substrate could promote the crystallization of perovskite by suppressing unreacted residual PbI. The trap density from perovskite bulk to the SnO film across their interface has been effectively reduced, thus inhibiting the nonradiative recombination and promoting the transportation and extraction of charge carriers. Finally, the solar cell based on modified SnO has achieved a champion efficiency of 25.2%, demonstrating the effectiveness and potential of sulfur-containing molecules on optimizing the SnO property.
PubMed: 38804436
DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.4c01022