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Poultry Science Jul 2024Organic acids are applied to poultry carcasses during processing to reduce foodborne pathogens and spoilage microorganisms. Scald water surfactant agents employed to...
Organic acids are applied to poultry carcasses during processing to reduce foodborne pathogens and spoilage microorganisms. Scald water surfactant agents employed to improve feather removal may enhance the efficacy of organic acids during processing. This study investigated the effects of concurrent application of a scald water surfactant and organic acid dip on microbial contamination of carcasses processed in a small-scale production model. Broilers were reared in litter floor pens to 47 d of age and slaughtered using standard practices. Carcasses were scalded in either control or surfactant scald water initially and dipped in either a 2% organic acid blend or water after feather removal to complete a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement with n = 15 carcasses per treatment group. The commercially available scald water additive was a slightly alkaline surfactant solution labelled as a feather removal aid. The organic acid dip consisting of lactic and citric acid was maintained at pH of 2.5. Approximately 10 g of neck skin was collected 1-min postdipping and placed in buffered peptone water with an added neutralizing agent, sodium thiosulfate. Serial dilutions were performed to determine general coliform (GC), E. coli (EC), and aerobic plate (APC) counts as CFU per gram of skin sample. A significant 0.61, 0.76, and 1.6 log reduction of GC, EC, and APC, respectively, was attributed to use of the organic acid carcass dip (P ≤ 0.01). There were no significant differences in carcass microbial reduction due to surfactant scald water alone. A 0.69, 0.73 (P ≤ 0.05), and 1.96 log reduction of GC, EC, and APC, respectively, was observed in surfactant-scalded, acid-dipped carcasses compared to water-scalded, water-dipped control groups. These data demonstrated that a surfactant scald water additive and an organic acid carcass dip can have beneficial effects of microbial reduction when employed simultaneously during broiler processing.
Topics: Animals; Chickens; Surface-Active Agents; Food Handling; Food Microbiology; Meat; Citric Acid; Abattoirs; Lactic Acid
PubMed: 38776858
DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2024.103847 -
GeroScience May 2024Genetically heterogeneous UM-HET3 mice born in 2020 were used to test possible lifespan effects of alpha-ketoglutarate (AKG), 2,4-dinitrophenol (DNP), hydralazine (HYD),...
Genetically heterogeneous UM-HET3 mice born in 2020 were used to test possible lifespan effects of alpha-ketoglutarate (AKG), 2,4-dinitrophenol (DNP), hydralazine (HYD), nebivolol (NEBI), 16α-hydroxyestriol (OH_Est), and sodium thiosulfate (THIO), and to evaluate the effects of canagliflozin (Cana) when started at 16 months of age. OH_Est produced a 15% increase (p = 0.0001) in median lifespan in males but led to a significant (7%) decline in female lifespan. Cana, started at 16 months, also led to a significant increase (14%, p = 0.004) in males and a significant decline (6%, p = 0.03) in females. Cana given to mice at 6 months led, as in our previous study, to an increase in male lifespan without any change in female lifespan, suggesting that this agent may lead to female-specific late-life harm. We found that blood levels of Cana were approximately 20-fold higher in aged females than in young males, suggesting a possible mechanism for the sex-specific disparities in its effects. NEBI was also found to produce a female-specific decline (4%, p = 0.03) in lifespan. None of the other tested drugs provided a lifespan benefit in either sex. These data bring to 7 the list of ITP-tested drugs that induce at least a 10% lifespan increase in one or both sexes, add a fourth drug with demonstrated mid-life benefits on lifespan, and provide a testable hypothesis that might explain the sexual dimorphism in lifespan effects of the SGLT2 inhibitor Cana.
PubMed: 38753230
DOI: 10.1007/s11357-024-01176-2 -
Analytica Chimica Acta Jun 2024The ongoing infusion of pharmaceutical and personal care products (PPCPs) into ecosystems sustains a perpetual life cycle and leads to multi-generational exposures....
BACKGROUND
The ongoing infusion of pharmaceutical and personal care products (PPCPs) into ecosystems sustains a perpetual life cycle and leads to multi-generational exposures. Limited understanding of their environmental impact and their intrinsic ability to induce physiological effect in humans, even at low doses, pose great risks to human health. Few scholarly works have conducted systematic research into the occurrence of PPCPs within potable water systems. Concurrently, the associated monitoring techniques have not been comprehensively examined with regards to the specific nature of drinking water, namely whether the significant presence of disinfectants may influence the detection of PPCPs.
RESULTS
A modified approach in terms of detailed investigation of sample preservation and optimization of an in-lab fabricated solid phase extraction (SPE) cartridge filled with DVB-VP and PS-DVB sorbent was proposed. Favorable methodological parameters were achieved, with correlation coefficients spanning from 0.9866 to 0.9998. The LODs of the PPCPs fluctuated from 0.001 to 2 μg L, while the LOQs varied from 0.002 to 5 μg L. The analysis of spiked samples disclosed a methodological precision of 2.31-9.86 % and a recovery of 52.4-119 %. We utilized the established method for analyzing 14 water samples of three categories (source water, finished water and tap water) from five centralized water supply plants. A total of 24 categories encompassing 72 PPCPs were detected, with the concentrations of PPCPs manifested a marked decrease from source water to finished water and finally to tap water.
SIGNIFICANCE
Our research meticulously examined the enhancement and purification effects of widely used commercial SPE cartridges and suggested the use of in-lab fabricated SPE cartridges packed with DVB-VP and PS-DVB adsorbents. We also conducted a systematic evaluation of the need to incorporate ascorbic acid and sodium thiosulfate as preservatives for PPCP measurement, in consideration of the unique characteristics of drinking water matrices, specifically, the significant concentration levels of disinfectants. Furthermore, the proposed method was effectively employed to study the presence of PPCPs in source water, finished water, and tap water collected from centralized water supply plants.
Topics: Solid Phase Extraction; Water Pollutants, Chemical; Pharmaceutical Preparations; Water Supply; Drinking Water; Cosmetics; Environmental Monitoring
PubMed: 38740449
DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2024.342662 -
Journal of Clinical Oncology : Official... Jun 2024Hearing loss occurs in 50%-70% of children treated with cisplatin. Scientific efforts have led to the recent approval of a pediatric formula of intravenous sodium... (Review)
Review
PURPOSE
Hearing loss occurs in 50%-70% of children treated with cisplatin. Scientific efforts have led to the recent approval of a pediatric formula of intravenous sodium thiosulfate (STS) for otoprotection by the US Food and Drug Administration, the European Medicines Agency, and the Medicines and Health Regulatory Authority in the United Kingdom. To inform stakeholders regarding the clinical utility of STS, the current review summarizes available literature on the efficacy, pharmacokinetics (PK), and safety of systemic STS to minimize cisplatin-induced hearing loss (CIHL).
DESIGN
A comprehensive narrative review is presented.
RESULTS
Thirty-one articles were summarized. Overall, systemic STS effectively reduces CIHL in the preclinical and controlled clinical study settings, in both adults and children with cancer. The extent of CIHL reduction depends on the timing and dosing of STS in relation to cisplatin. Both preclinical and clinical data suggest that systemic STS may affect plasma platinum levels, but studies are inconclusive. Delayed systemic administration of STS, at 6 hours after the cisplatin infusion, does not affect cisplatin-induced inhibition of tumor growth or cellular cytotoxicity in the preclinical setting, nor affect cisplatin efficacy and survival in children with localized disease in the clinical setting.
CONCLUSION
Systemic administration of STS effectively reduces the development and degree of CIHL in both the preclinical and clinical settings. More studies are needed on the PK of STS and cisplatin drug combinations, the efficacy and safety of STS in patients with disseminated disease, and the ability of STS to prevent further deterioration of pre-established hearing loss.
Topics: Humans; Thiosulfates; Neoplasms; Cisplatin; Antineoplastic Agents; Hearing Loss; Child
PubMed: 38648563
DOI: 10.1200/JCO.23.02353 -
ChemPlusChem Apr 2024The chemical reduction within a family of organic selenocyanates, as masked selenols, using reducing agents, such as Rongalite, sodium dithionite, and sodium thiosulfate...
The chemical reduction within a family of organic selenocyanates, as masked selenols, using reducing agents, such as Rongalite, sodium dithionite, and sodium thiosulfate is investigated. Using Rongalite, the corresponding diselenides were obtained quantitatively and selectively in very good to excellent yields (51-100 %) starting from alkyl, aryl, and benzyl selenocyanates. The scope of the reaction is unaffected by the electronic nature of the substituents. Furthermore, the reducing agent, Rongalite, is compatible with hydrolysable and reducing-sensitive functional groups. Additionally, a simple methodology employing the in-situ generated benzyl selenolate anion (PhCHSe-) to promote aliphatic nucleophilic substitution, epoxide ring opening, and Michael addition reactions has been developed; thus, extending the structural diversity of the synthesized selenium derivatives.
PubMed: 38648466
DOI: 10.1002/cplu.202400183 -
Frontiers in Oncology 2024Ototoxicity is a devastating direct, irreversible side effect of platinum use in children with cancer, with its consequent effect on speech, language and social...
Ototoxicity is a devastating direct, irreversible side effect of platinum use in children with cancer, with its consequent effect on speech, language and social development, quality of life and adult productivity. Cisplatin, an essential chemotherapeutic agent for the treatment of solid tumors in children, is a DNA cross-linking agent. Which causes hearing loss in 50-70% of cisplatin treated children. Fortunately, to prevent hearing loss, sodium thiosulfate (STS), which binds to cisplatin, and reduces the superoxides in both tumor and outer hair cells of the cochlea has now been discovered to be an effective and safe otoprotectant if administered correctly. The aim of this perspective paper is to explore the key safety issues and challenges important for pediatric oncologists and pharmacists when considering the clinical use of STS as an otoprotectant for children and adolescents receiving cisplatin. These include: the choice of the formulation; the timing, both that of the STS in relation to cisplatin as well as the timing of the cisplatin infusion itself; the dosing; the challenge left by the definition of localized versus disseminated disease and the difference in indication for STS, between cisplatin treated patients and those receiving another platinum chemotherapeutic agent, carboplatin.
PubMed: 38562178
DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2024.1336714 -
Cureus Feb 2024Penile calciphylaxis is a rare presentation of calcific uremic arteriolopathy and can be a life-threatening condition usually seen in patients with end-stage renal...
Penile calciphylaxis is a rare presentation of calcific uremic arteriolopathy and can be a life-threatening condition usually seen in patients with end-stage renal failure with hemodialysis. The clear etiopathogenesis of calciphylaxis is not fully understood, but it is postulated to be characterized by the accumulation of calcium in the microvessels of adipose tissue and skin, which leads to ischemia and necrosis, causing painful ulcerations, and could potentially be complicated by sepsis and mortality. End-stage renal disease (ESRD) is one of the major risk factors for penile calciphylaxis. In this report, we describe a case of a 53-year-old Hispanic male patient with ESRD and diabetes on hemodialysis, who presented with a five-day history of acute, severe, burning, non-radiating pain to the head of his penis associated with black discoloration. He was diagnosed with penile calciphylaxis and received a combination of conservative and surgical interventions, resulting in a highly positive outcome marked by complete healing of the scar without any reported complications.
PubMed: 38529436
DOI: 10.7759/cureus.54824 -
International Journal of Dermatology Mar 2024
PubMed: 38504650
DOI: 10.1111/ijd.17131 -
Environmental Science and Pollution... Mar 2024The presence of valuable and hazardous metals in waste printed circuit boards, especially, motherboards, makes their recovery necessary as implies great economic and...
The presence of valuable and hazardous metals in waste printed circuit boards, especially, motherboards, makes their recovery necessary as implies great economic and environmental advantages and develops urban mining processes. Hence, this research is focused on the selective leaching of Cu, Pb, and Sn as base metals using nitric acid and hydrochloric acid and Au, Ag, and Pd as precious metals using thiourea and sodium thiosulfate from waste motherboards' PCBs in a sequential eco-friendly two-stage process. Previously, thiourea and sodium thiosulfate were used as leaching agents to investigate their applicability for the leaching of metals from PCBs in a single-stage process. Screening experimental design was applied to screen the variables affecting the leaching process in order to evaluate their impact on the recovery of metals and select the significant factors. The results demonstrated that base and precious metals can be leached appropriately in two consecutive stages compared to a single-stage process. Nitric acid was found to be a much more efficient agent to leach Cu and Pb in comparison with hydrochloric acid which was more suitable for the leaching of Sn. In the case of precious metals, higher amounts of Au were leached using thiourea, whereas sodium thiosulfate was able to leach more Pd. Roughly similar results were obtained for the leaching of Ag using these leaching agents. Nitric acid concentration, average particle size, temperature, and leaching time were found to be significant to maximize the leaching of Cu and Pb and minimize that for Au, Ag, and Pd in the first stage. Initial pH was the only variable influencing the second stage, in particular, Au leaching by thiourea.
PubMed: 38460042
DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-32793-1 -
International Journal of Molecular... Feb 2024Kidney transplantation is preferred for end-stage renal disease. The current gold standard for kidney preservation is static cold storage (SCS) at 4 °C. However, SCS...
Kidney transplantation is preferred for end-stage renal disease. The current gold standard for kidney preservation is static cold storage (SCS) at 4 °C. However, SCS contributes to renal graft damage through ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI). We previously reported renal graft protection after SCS with a hydrogen sulfide donor, sodium thiosulfate (STS), at 4 °C. Therefore, this study aims to investigate whether SCS at 10 °C with STS and Hemopure (blood substitute), will provide similar protection. Using in vitro model of IRI, we subjected rat renal proximal tubular epithelial cells to hypoxia-reoxygenation for 24 h at 10 °C with or without STS and measured cell viability. In vivo, we preserved 36 donor kidneys of Lewis rats for 24 h in a preservation solution at 10 °C supplemented with STS, Hemopure, or both followed by transplantation. Tissue damage and recipient graft function parameters, including serum creatinine, blood urea nitrogen, urine osmolality, and glomerular filtration rate (GFR), were evaluated. STS-treated proximal tubular epithelial cells exhibited enhanced viability at 10 °C compared with untreated control cells ( < 0.05). Also, STS and Hemopure improved renal graft function compared with control grafts ( < 0.05) in the early time period after the transplant, but long-term function did not reach significance. Overall, renal graft preservation at 10 °C with STS and Hemopure supplementation has the potential to enhance graft function and reduce kidney damage, suggesting a novel approach to reducing IRI and post-transplant complications.
Topics: Rats; Animals; Kidney Transplantation; Organ Preservation; Graft Survival; Rats, Inbred Lew; Kidney; Reperfusion Injury; Hemoglobins; Thiosulfates
PubMed: 38396887
DOI: 10.3390/ijms25042210