-
Analytical Methods : Advancing Methods... Dec 2022Mai-Luo-Shu-Tong pill is an effective traditional Chinese medicine formula for the treatment of superficial thrombophlebitis, but it was insufficiently chemically...
Mai-Luo-Shu-Tong pill is an effective traditional Chinese medicine formula for the treatment of superficial thrombophlebitis, but it was insufficiently chemically scrutinized. In this study, the mass spectral data of Mai-Luo-Shu-Tong pill were acquired by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography coupled with Q Exactive hybrid Quadrupole-Orbitrap high resolution mass spectrometry. Then, a data mining strategy combining multiple data processing methods was used to identify chemical constituents in Mai-Luo-Shu-Tong pill by constructing a database of precursor ions and summarizing the mass spectral fragmentation behaviors. As a result, a total of 211 compounds including 70 flavonoids, 56 terpenoids, 37 phenolic acids and 48 others were identified in positive and negative ion modes. Among them, 66 compounds have passed comparison verification with reference standards, 145 compounds were identified based on the data mining strategy combining the characteristic cleavage behaviour of homologous compounds and fragment ions and 4 compounds were potentially new compounds. This study provides a database for quality evaluation and further study of Mai-Luo-Shu-Tong pill . Moreover, it provides a reference for the characterization of the chemical constituents of other traditional Chinese medicine formulae.
Topics: Medicine, Chinese Traditional; Data Mining
PubMed: 36444489
DOI: 10.1039/d2ay01453j -
Breast (Edinburgh, Scotland) Dec 2022Mondor's disease is a rare disorder characterised by thrombosis of superficial veins within the subcutaneous tissue of the breast and other organs. While factors such as...
BACKGROUND
Mondor's disease is a rare disorder characterised by thrombosis of superficial veins within the subcutaneous tissue of the breast and other organs. While factors such as trauma, infection, physical exertion, breast cancer and breast surgery have been implicated, in the majority no cause is identified.
PATIENTS
Twenty patients presented with a clinical diagnosis of Mondor's disease to the Edinburgh Breast Services in 2020. We present the etiopathogenic data as well as clinical and imaging diagnostic findings.
RESULTS
During 2020, the annual incidence of Mondor's disease, in the UK's largest breast unit, increased five-fold compared to data from the previous year. This variation in the frequency of cases corresponded to trends in the frequency of Covid-19 infection during the pandemic. None of the patients had diagnosed COVID and few had any known etiopathogenic causes for their Mondor's.
CONCLUSION
Several recent studies have provided evidence for links between Covid-19 and thromboembolic events. Isolated reports have proposed a link between Covid-19 and Mondor's disease of the penis. Here we present data on a large series of Mondor's disease of the breast supporting a link between breast Mondor's and Covid-19.
Topics: Male; Humans; Breast Neoplasms; COVID-19; Thrombophlebitis; Breast; Breast Diseases
PubMed: 36427369
DOI: 10.1016/j.breast.2022.11.006 -
Internal Medicine Journal Nov 2022Cannula provoked upper extremity superficial vein thrombophlebitis (UESVT) is common. Retrospective audit of 93 consecutive patients, 51% male, median age 57 years...
Cannula provoked upper extremity superficial vein thrombophlebitis (UESVT) is common. Retrospective audit of 93 consecutive patients, 51% male, median age 57 years (range 20-91), with symptomatic UESVT revealed varied management including symptomatic management (37%), prophylactic (37%) and higher dose anticoagulation (27%). There was 2% (95% confidence interval (CI) 0-7.6) thrombus extension and 1% (95% CI 0-5.9) major bleeding, both limited to cancer. We argue anticoagulation is unnecessary in most UESVT patients.
Topics: Male; Humans; Young Adult; Adult; Middle Aged; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Female; Cannula; Retrospective Studies; Upper Extremity; Thrombophlebitis; Anticoagulants
PubMed: 36326238
DOI: 10.1111/imj.15951 -
Journal of Vascular Surgery Cases and... Dec 2022Cyanoacrylate glue closure (CAC) is being increasingly used as a minimally invasive procedure for the treatment of symptomatic incompetent saphenous veins. The most...
Cyanoacrylate glue closure (CAC) is being increasingly used as a minimally invasive procedure for the treatment of symptomatic incompetent saphenous veins. The most common adverse event associated with CAC has been phlebitis, including hypersensitivity phlebitis, superficial thrombophlebitis, and granulomatous phlebitis. This complication can be serious and debilitating. In the present report, we have described a case of symptomatic septicemia after CAC that required surgical excision of the treated saphenous veins.
PubMed: 36262917
DOI: 10.1016/j.jvscit.2022.09.008 -
Acta Dermatovenerologica Croatica : ADC Sep 2022Protein loss is often the result of kidney or intestinal disease (protein-losing enteropathy) and can cause a number of serious, potentially life-threatening...
Protein loss is often the result of kidney or intestinal disease (protein-losing enteropathy) and can cause a number of serious, potentially life-threatening complications such as hypotension, thrombocytosis, electrolyte imbalance, and cerebellar ischemia. Recent research suggests an association between extremely severe atopic dermatitis (AD) and allergic enteropathy. An exclusively breastfed 6-month-old infant was admitted to our institution due to failure to thrive, electrolyte imbalance, and severe AD (SCORing Atopic Dermatitis; SCORAD 40). On admission, the infant was in poor general condition, dehydrated, malnourished (bodyweight 4870 g, -3.98 z-score), with exudative erythematous morphs scattered throughout the body. Initial laboratory results showed microcytic hypochromic anemia, hypoalbuminemia, hypogammaglobinemia, thrombocytosis, hyponatremia, high values of total immunoglobulin E (IgE), and eosinophilia. Polysensitization to a number of nutritional and inhalation allergens was demonstrated, and an exclusive amino acid-based formula has been introduced into the diet. During the hospital course, the patient developed superficial thrombophlebitis and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) bacteremia. Eosinophilia was found in a small intestine biopsy sample. Due to severe hypogammaglobulinemia, skin infections, and bacteremia, the differential diagnosis included primary immune deficiency (STAT3 deficiency, DOCK8 deficiency, PGM3 deficiency, IPEX), but all available immunological tests were unremarkable. Exclusive amino acid-based formula diet was continued in the infant, with topical corticosteroids under wet-dressing therapy and intravenous immunoglobulin replacement therapy. With the gradual improvement of the general condition, the introduction of solid foods was started according to the findings of allergy testing. At 17 months of age, the patient gained weight and his skin status has been improving, although frequent use of topical corticosteroids was necessary. There were no infections, no anemia or thrombocytosis, and albumin and immunoglobulin supplementation were no longer required. The main mechanism of protein loss in infants with extremely severe atopic dermatitis is probably due to damaged skin, and partially due to the eosinophilic inflammation of the small intestine. Immunoglobulin loss, potentiated by physiological or transient hypogammaglobulinemia in infants, poses a very high risk for severe, potentially life-threatening infections.
Topics: Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Agammaglobulinemia; Albumins; Amino Acids; Bacteremia; Breast Feeding; Dermatitis, Atopic; Electrolytes; Female; Guanine Nucleotide Exchange Factors; Humans; Immunoglobulin E; Immunoglobulins, Intravenous; Infant; Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus; Thrombocytosis
PubMed: 36254543
DOI: No ID Found -
International Journal of Medical... 2022RRx-001 is a small molecule NLRP3 inflammasome inhibitor with anti-CD47 and antiangiogenic/vascular normalization properties in a Phase 3 clinical trial that has been...
RRx-001 is a small molecule NLRP3 inflammasome inhibitor with anti-CD47 and antiangiogenic/vascular normalization properties in a Phase 3 clinical trial that has been designated as a drug-device combination by the FDA. In the Phase 1 first-in-man dose escalation clinical trial, where RRx-001 was given by direct intravenous (IV) infusion, the main adverse event was a sterile painful infusion phlebitis (IP). Less pain was experienced when RRx-001 was infused at a slower rate over multiple hours which was impractical on an outpatient basis. In Phase 2, for reasons of convenience and safety, RRx-001 was co-administered with an aliquot of autologous blood from an device called the eLOOP on the premise that RRx-001 binds to hemoglobin on red blood cells (RBCs), making it unavailable to directly interact with venous nociceptors. Phlebitis has the potential to progress to deep venous thrombosis or septic thrombophlebitis or post-thrombotic syndrome in hypercoagulable and immunosuppressed cancer patients. In this 13-week toxicology study of once weekly IV RRx-001 administration to Wistar Han rats followed by a recovery period of 28 days. The main observed toxicity was a significant inflammatory response in the vein wall, consistent with superficial venous thrombosis observed in man. Due to this development, direct IV infusion of RRx-001 is relatively contraindicated in favor of co-administration with autologous blood.
Topics: Animals; Azetidines; Hemoglobins; Inflammasomes; Inflammation; NLR Family, Pyrin Domain-Containing 3 Protein; Nitro Compounds; Phlebitis; Rats; Rats, Wistar
PubMed: 36237984
DOI: 10.7150/ijms.76615 -
Cureus Sep 2022Essential thrombocythemia (ET) is a myeloproliferative neoplasm involving the clonal proliferation of platelets. It is Philadelphia negative and is associated with...
Essential thrombocythemia (ET) is a myeloproliferative neoplasm involving the clonal proliferation of platelets. It is Philadelphia negative and is associated with Janus kinase 2 (JAK2), calreticulin (CALR), or myeloproliferative leukemia virus oncogene (MPL) mutations. The resultant platelets have quantitative and qualitative defects, making them more sticky and prone to thromboembolism. However, ET does not only affect platelet survival, it also has a low leukemogenic potential. It's more common in the elderly, 60 years or more, but can be seen in all age groups, including children. Patients with ET have an increased risk of vascular events like hemorrhage and thromboses like cerebrovascular events, myocardial infarction, superficial thrombophlebitis, deep vein thrombosis, and pulmonary embolism. Cardiovascular risk factors like hypertension, diabetes, and smoking can lead to increased thromboembolism and atherosclerosis. The management of ET focuses primarily on the prevention of thrombosis and hemorrhage. It involves cardiovascular risk management and antiplatelet and cytoreductive therapy according to the risk stratification. Low-risk ET patients are treated with low-dose aspirin, and high-risk ET patients are treated with cytoreductive therapy with hydroxyurea. Interferon (IFN) and anagrelide are reserved for young patients or pregnant women. This case report discusses a 40-year-old male, a known smoker presenting with myocardial infarction and left anterior descending artery (LAD) blockage without any prior history. His high platelets and the relative absence of cardiovascular risk factors helped reach the diagnosis, and bone marrow analysis and mutation analysis confirmed the diagnosis. The patient was started on hydroxyurea, which decreased the total platelet count.
PubMed: 36225436
DOI: 10.7759/cureus.28883 -
Journal of the European Academy of... Feb 2023Superficial (nodular) thrombophlebitis, referring to a thrombo-inflammatory disorder of dermal-subcutaneous veins, encompass a spectrum of nodular lesions often... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Superficial (nodular) thrombophlebitis, referring to a thrombo-inflammatory disorder of dermal-subcutaneous veins, encompass a spectrum of nodular lesions often associated with inflammatory, infectious, neoplastic or thrombophilic diseases.
OBJECTIVE
We postulate that distinct clinico-pathological features may correlate with the underlying conditions.
METHODS
We conducted a retrospective monocentric study of all patients seen in our dermatology department for a superficial thrombophlebitis, completed with a literature review. Clinical and pathological data were extracted from the patient files and articles.
RESULTS
A total of 108 cases of superficial thrombophlebitis was analysed. Forty-five percent manifested as elongated nodules clearly evoking vascular involvement, while the other 55% were presenting as nodules or plaques. The elongated phenotype was strongly associated with malignancy or thrombophilia if a pure thrombosis was demonstrated histopathologically, while tuberculosis was the main underlying condition if a granulomatous vasculitis was present. Panniculitis-like lesions were mainly corresponding to erythema-nodosum-like lesions of Behçet's disease, characterized by the distinctive feature of thrombotic veins with an associated leukocytoclastic vasculitis.
LIMITATIONS
Retrospective design and risk of publication bias.
CONCLUSION
Superficial (nodular) thrombophlebitis is a heterogeneous entity with a distinct clinico-pathological presentation that strongly points to the nature of the underlying medical condition, thus guiding the medical workup.
Topics: Humans; Retrospective Studies; Erythema Nodosum; Panniculitis; Thrombophlebitis; Tuberculosis
PubMed: 36178454
DOI: 10.1111/jdv.18630 -
Case Reports in Plastic Surgery & Hand... 2022Mondor's disease (MD) is an uncommon clinical condition characterized by thrombophlebitis of the superficial veins of the anterolateral thoracoabdominal wall. In this...
Mondor's disease (MD) is an uncommon clinical condition characterized by thrombophlebitis of the superficial veins of the anterolateral thoracoabdominal wall. In this paper we present the first ever reported case of Mondor's disease in male patient after surgical correction of gynecomastia with liposuction assisted skin sparing adenectomy.
PubMed: 36147888
DOI: 10.1080/23320885.2022.2121711