-
BMC Veterinary Research Sep 2022Although the jugular vein is a major important blood vessel in equine, the literature lacks this vessel's normal B-mode and Doppler ultrasonographic examinations in...
BACKGROUND
Although the jugular vein is a major important blood vessel in equine, the literature lacks this vessel's normal B-mode and Doppler ultrasonographic examinations in donkeys. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the reference ranges of B-mode and Doppler ultrasonographic indices of jugular veins in healthy adult donkeys (Equus asinus) and the possible effect of examination side (left and right), gender, and body condition on the ultrasonographic measurements of this vessel. B-mode and Doppler ultrasound imaging of the external jugular vein was conducted on 20 adult healthy donkeys of both sexes.
RESULTS
In all donkeys, the jugular vein was 4.01 to 8.1 mm from the body surface. The longitudinal and transverse venous diameters ranged from 3.94 to 10.5 mm and from 0.88 to 1.9 cm, respectively. Moreover, the vein areas varied from 0.61 to 2.83 cm. The reference values of superficial and deep wall thickness (SWT and DWT) were 0.56 ± 0.2 and 0.6 ± 0.13 mm, respectively. The blood velocity, blood follow rate, and congestion index of the external jugular vein can be expected in adult healthy donkeys as a range value from 8.4 to 13.5 cm/sec, from 0.33 to 1.78 ml/min, and from 0.06 to 0.27 cm.sec, respectively. Generally, the vein showed laminar monophasic waveforms. The examination side and gender have no significant effect on the ultrasound measurements of the vein (P > 0.05). Donkeys with a body condition score (BCS) ≥ 3 revealed increases in the depth of the vein (P < 0.05).
CONCLUSIONS
The results of this study can be used as reference values and provide a basis for comparison when evaluating donkeys with diseases that affect blood flow in the external jugular vein.
Topics: Animals; Equidae; Female; Horses; Jugular Veins; Male; Ultrasonography; Ultrasonography, Doppler, Color
PubMed: 36104788
DOI: 10.1186/s12917-022-03441-y -
The Journal of Vascular Access Mar 2024In the daily management of peripheral venous access, the health emergency linked to the COVID-19 pandemic led to re-examining the criteria for choosing, positioning and... (Observational Study)
Observational Study
BACKGROUND
In the daily management of peripheral venous access, the health emergency linked to the COVID-19 pandemic led to re-examining the criteria for choosing, positioning and maintaining the different types of peripheral venous access.
OBJECTIVES
This study aimed to observe the dwell time of long peripheral cannula (LPC, also known as ) in patients affected by COVID 19 related pneumonia. The secondary objective is to study any complications due to mini-midline insertion.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
We conducted a prospective observational study on COVID19 patients who arrived at our Semi-Intensive Respiratory Unit from territorial ED between January and April 2021, to whom were positioned an LPC at the time of admission following the SIPUA protocol (Safe Insertion of Peripheral Ultrasound-guided Access). We used Vygon™ Leader-Cath© 18G in polyethylene and 8 cm long catheter.
RESULTS
We enrolled 53 consecutive patients, reaching 769 catheter days. The procedure was performed without immediate complications in 37 patients out of 53 (69.8%). In 14 patients (26.4%), we observed a local hematoma (no one led to a failure or early removal of the device) and in two patients (3.7%) was not possible to draw blood. The average catheter dwell time was 14.5 days, from 3 to 41 days. In 42 patients (79.2%), the device was removed at the end of use. In 11 patients out of 53 (20.8%), the device was removed early due to complications: seven accidental removals, one obstruction, two vein thrombosis, and one superficial thrombophlebitis.
CONCLUSIONS
The ultrasound-guided implantation of an 18G LPC in COVID19 patients, regardless of the state of their venous heritage, would seem to be an excellent strategy for these patients, reducing the number of venipunctures and CVC implantation, as well as allowing multiple and high pressure (contrast) infusions.
Topics: Humans; Cannula; COVID-19; Pandemics; Catheters; Veins; Catheterization, Peripheral; Catheterization, Central Venous
PubMed: 36065094
DOI: 10.1177/11297298221115002 -
Journal of the European Academy of... Feb 2023
Topics: Humans; Tattooing; Thrombophlebitis; Lower Extremity
PubMed: 35993749
DOI: 10.1111/jdv.18551 -
Cureus Jul 2022Other entities besides deep vein thrombosis (DVT) affecting the venous system, such as superficial vein phlebitis (SVP) and superficial vein thrombophlebitis (SVT),...
INTRODUCTION
Other entities besides deep vein thrombosis (DVT) affecting the venous system, such as superficial vein phlebitis (SVP) and superficial vein thrombophlebitis (SVT), receive poor attention in the literature. However, both entities may propagate proximally into the deep venous system and progress to a DVT. To our knowledge, the relevance of other venous findings such as SVP or SVT in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients has not been evaluated. This work aimed to assess the clinical, biochemical, and hematological variables associated with the incidence of acute venous diseases, such as DVT, SVP, and SVT, in a cohort of 74 critically ill COVID-19 patients and their association with mortality.
METHODS
Given the high thrombotic risk, all patients underwent venous imaging with bedside ultrasound. Clinical variables were obtained from medical records. Comparisons were made by the chi-square test or Fisher's exact test. We constructed Kaplan-Meier curves and used Cox proportional hazard models to calculate hazard ratios for dichotomized risk factors to identify predictors of mortality. SPSS version 21.0 (IBM Corp., Armonk, NY) was used for statistical analysis.
RESULTS
SVP occurred in 28 patients (37.8%), DVT in 22 patients (29.7%), and 28 patients died (37.8%). Elevated D-dimer was associated with DVT but not with SVP. Neither SVP nor DVT was associated with mortality. After adjusting for age, elevated troponins (OR: 2.4, 95% CI: 1.1-5.4), platelets < 244 cell/mm (2.4, 1.1-5.6), and IMPROVE (International Medical Prevention Registry on Venous Thromboembolism) bleeding score > 7 (2.8, 1.3-6.3) were predictors of mortality.
CONCLUSIONS
Acute venous findings such as SVP and DVT are highly prevalent and independent of mortality in critically ill COVID-19 patients. These entities are not related, although they may occur synchronically. DVT is frequently presented as an asymptomatic distal bilateral finding associated with elevated D-dimer, decreased ferritin, and higher vasoactive drug use but independent from chronic venous disease. Interestingly, elevated troponins, decreased platelets, and a prognostic value > 7 of the IMPROVE bleeding score were predictors of mortality in this group of critically ill COVID-19 patients.
PubMed: 35936165
DOI: 10.7759/cureus.27067 -
Hernia : the Journal of Hernias and... Oct 2022For W2-3 incisional hernias of the midline, a component separation is often needed to achieve closure of the fascia during repair with a mesh. Posterior component... (Observational Study)
Observational Study
BACKGROUND
For W2-3 incisional hernias of the midline, a component separation is often needed to achieve closure of the fascia during repair with a mesh. Posterior component separation has been initially performed via open surgical approach, but more recently interest in minimally invasive reconstruction has grown. The aim of this work is to describe the technical aspects of endoscopic hernia repair with posterior component separation and to assess its feasibility in midline incisional hernias, based on the analysis of the results.
METHODS
We prospectively evaluated and analyzed patients with midline incisional hernias who underwent endoscopic posterior component separation by transversus abdominis release (TAR).
RESULTS
A group of 100 patients was operated between April 2017 and September 2021. The median follow-up was 27 ± 13.5 months, mean age 59 ± 10.2 years, ASA 2.5 ± 0.7; 94% of patients had comorbidity. There were 7 (7%) complications observed in the early postoperative period-retromuscular hematoma (1), infection of the retromuscular space (4), and thrombophlebitis of superficial veins (2). In 4 (4%) patients, late complications were observed-persistent seroma (3) and chronic pain (1). There were no hernia recurrences in the follow-up period.
CONCLUSION
The use of TAR endoscopic separation can reduce the number of unfavorable surgical site events, compared to the published data on a similar open surgery, while maintaining a low recurrence rate.
Topics: Abdominal Muscles; Abdominal Wall; Aged; Hernia, Ventral; Herniorrhaphy; Humans; Incisional Hernia; Middle Aged; Prospective Studies; Recurrence; Retrospective Studies; Surgical Mesh
PubMed: 35859030
DOI: 10.1007/s10029-022-02641-7 -
Phlebology Sep 2022Elective eradication of superficial vein incompetence (SVI) is advocated after superficial vein thrombosis (SVT) to prevent venous thromboembolism (VTE), including deep...
Does eradication of superficial vein incompetence after superficial vein thrombosis reduce the risk of recurrence and of deep vein thrombosis? A pilot study evaluating clinical practice in Örebro county, Sweden.
BACKGROUND
Elective eradication of superficial vein incompetence (SVI) is advocated after superficial vein thrombosis (SVT) to prevent venous thromboembolism (VTE), including deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism (PE), and to prevent recurrent SVT. However, this practice currently lacks evidence and not all SVT patients are referred.
METHOD
Pilot study based on retrospective review of medical records for patients in Örebro county, Sweden; diagnosed with SVT during 2019. Patients in primary care without venous intervention were compared with patients from a vascular service treated with eradication for SVI, regarding prevalence of VTE and recurrent SVT during one-year follow-up.
RESULTS
Out of 236 records reviewed, 97(41%) were included, 44 in the vascular care, and 53 in primary care. Erroneous diagnosis and coding were common causes for exclusion. The groups differed in ultrasound verified SVT 25(47.2%) and 35(79.5%) ( = .001), LMWH treatment 13(24.5%) and 24(54.5%) ( = .002), and history of prior SVT 19(35.8%) and 31(70.5%) ( = .001).There was no difference in the incidence of VTE during follow-up, 1(1.9%) and 1(2.3%) ( = 1.000), or recurrent SVT, 7(13.2%) and 6(13.6%), respectively ( = .951).
CONCLUSIONS
This pilot study cannot confirm if elective eradication of SVI after SVT reduces the risk of VTE and recurrent SVT, however, the incidence of VTE was low in both groups. Limitations of the study are the small sample size and the lack of duplex ultrasound in all cases in both groups at diagnosis and at follow-up. Further prospective studies on homogenous populations are needed.
Topics: Heparin, Low-Molecular-Weight; Humans; Pilot Projects; Prospective Studies; Recurrence; Risk Factors; Sweden; Venous Thromboembolism; Venous Thrombosis
PubMed: 35802031
DOI: 10.1177/02683555221113402 -
Radiology Case Reports Aug 2022On December 2020, the US Food and Drug Administration issued the first emergency use authorization for a vaccine for the prevention of coronavirus disease 2019...
On December 2020, the US Food and Drug Administration issued the first emergency use authorization for a vaccine for the prevention of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). We report development of superficial thrombophlebitis in the ipsilateral breast of a 43-year-old female 7 days after receiving the first dose of the Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine. Given that this is the first case of superficial thrombophlebitis in the breast shortly after mRNA vaccination for COVID-19 reported to our knowledge, we suggest that this may be a rare vaccine-related event.
PubMed: 35711742
DOI: 10.1016/j.radcr.2022.05.018 -
Annals of the Royal College of Surgeons... Nov 2022Penile Mondor's disease (PMD), or thrombosis of the dorsal vein, is an under-reported benign condition. Its aetiology is poorly understood. Clinically, it presents as a...
Penile Mondor's disease (PMD), or thrombosis of the dorsal vein, is an under-reported benign condition. Its aetiology is poorly understood. Clinically, it presents as a palpable cord in the dorsal vein of the penis, with pain or local discomfort, especially during erection. PMD may be diagnosed based on the medical history and physical examination. Management of the condition is conservative, with practitioners opting for various strategies including sexual/masturbatory abstinence, localised anticoagulant topical therapy and oral nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. In many cases, PMD will resolve within 4-8 weeks of presentation. Thrombectomy and resection of the superficial penile vein are applied surgically in patients refractory to the medical treatment. We describe the case of a 33-year-old patient known to have HIV who presented for severe painful dorsal induration and swelling of the proximal third of the penis. The patient had no recent history of sexual intercourse, penile trauma or other well-known risk factors for PMD. The physical examination was unequivocal, so a Doppler ultrasound was performed. A diagnosis of PMD was made and conservative treatment was prescribed. During a follow-up visit after 6 weeks, the patient had no symptoms and physical examination did not reveal anything pathological.
Topics: Male; Humans; Adult; Thrombophlebitis; Penile Diseases; Penis; Anticoagulants; Pain; HIV Infections
PubMed: 35639369
DOI: 10.1308/rcsann.2022.0034 -
Breast Disease 2022Mondor disease is superficial thrombophlebitis of the thoracoabdominal wall, mid-upper arm, and penis. Although it is usually a benign disease requiring no specific... (Observational Study)
Observational Study
BACKGROUND
Mondor disease is superficial thrombophlebitis of the thoracoabdominal wall, mid-upper arm, and penis. Although it is usually a benign disease requiring no specific treatment, little is known about this disease owing to its rarity.
OBJECTIVE
The aim of this retrospective observational study was to investigate the epidemiology and prognosis of Mondor disease.
METHODS
We conducted a single-center observational study of patients with Mondor disease. Patients who received a diagnosis of Mondor disease between 2015 and 2020 were analyzed. The patients' medical records were manually reviewed to obtain the following variables: date of diagnosis, patient's age, sex, department of diagnosing physicians, underlying diseases, medications, surgery, and time until resolution of the lesion. We also reviewed the 1-year mortality, 1-year occurrence of malignancy, and recurrence of Mondor disease.
RESULTS
20 patients were included in the study. The age of the patients ranged from 7 to 83 years, with a median of 47.5 years. Most of the patients presented with thoracoabdominal wall lesions. The underlying conditions included skin diseases, surgical procedures, breast cancer, smoking, and collagenous diseases, although more than half of the patients did not have plausible predisposing factors. About three-quarters of the patients saw a spontaneous resolution of the lesions within 4 weeks without medical or surgical treatments.
CONCLUSIONS
Considering the good prognosis of this disease, it is essential to avoid unnecessary invasive tests or treatment once the diagnosis is confirmed.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Breast Neoplasms; Child; Female; Humans; Male; Mastitis; Middle Aged; Retrospective Studies; Thrombophlebitis; Young Adult
PubMed: 35634842
DOI: 10.3233/BD-210056 -
West African Journal of Medicine Apr 2022Mondor's disease (MD) is a rare cause of chest pain, characterized by thrombophlebitis of the subcutaneous veins of the anterolateral thoracoabdominal wall. It is a...
BACKGROUND
Mondor's disease (MD) is a rare cause of chest pain, characterized by thrombophlebitis of the subcutaneous veins of the anterolateral thoracoabdominal wall. It is a benign, self-limiting condition that is often underdiagnosed due to lack of knowledge of the condition. Although the exact aetiology is unclear, several predisposing factors, including excessive physical activity have been postulated. To the best of our knowledge, there is no previous published report of MD of the chest wall in an adult Nigerian man.
OBJECTIVE
To describe the association between muscular strain and the development of MD.
CASE PRESENTATION
A 40-year-old Nigerian man presented with a one-month history of dull, aching right-sided chest pain. He gave a history of engaging in intense thoracoabdominal exercises for 6 weeks prior to onset of symptoms. Physical examination revealed a tender, subcutaneous cord-like swelling extending from below the right anterior axillary fold to the right hypochondrium and accentuated by overhead abduction of the right arm. Ultrasonography revealed a hypoechoic, noncompressible right thoracoepigastric vein with no flow on Doppler interrogation, in keeping with superficial venous thrombosis. He was treated with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agents and paracetamol. The pain and lesion resolved completely within two weeks after presentation and there was no recurrence over the subsequent four months of follow-up.
CONCLUSION
MD is an uncommon cause of chest pain that is often underdiagnosed and underreported due to lack of awareness. It can suddenly appear in persons performing extreme thoracoabdominal exercises. Treatment is essentially symptomatic. Prompt diagnosis of this self-limiting condition is essential in distinguishing it from malignant diseases.
Topics: Adult; Chest Pain; Humans; Male; Nigeria; Thoracic Wall; Thrombophlebitis; Ultrasonography, Doppler
PubMed: 35490435
DOI: No ID Found