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Journal of Environmental Health Science... Jun 2022Cosmetic products, especially perfumes and colognes, are widely used in various communities. However, the use of these products can have side effects on consumers. This... (Review)
Review
Cosmetic products, especially perfumes and colognes, are widely used in various communities. However, the use of these products can have side effects on consumers. This article aims to review the relevant literature published up to August 2020 to determine whether perfumes and colognes can affect people's health. Relevant articles were identified through electronic search. A total of 562 articles were selected and finally 37 related articles were included in the study after the screening process. The results of this systematic study showed that phthalates, aldehydes, parabens and aluminum-based salts are the most important contaminants in aromatic products that cause side effects such as allergies, breast cancer, reproductive disorders, especially in males, skin allergies, nervous system damage and migraine headaches for consumers. The incidence of complications in people using these products depends on parameters such as age, gender, race, amount of substance consumed, duration of use and economic status, and regarding the relationship between diseases such as cancer, respiratory disorders and endocrine with common contaminants in aromatic products, incidence of these diseases is probable in consumers which require further research to prove.
PubMed: 35669814
DOI: 10.1007/s40201-021-00783-x -
The Science of the Total Environment Sep 2022One of the more important classes of potentially toxic indoor air chemicals are the Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs). However, due to a limited understanding of the...
One of the more important classes of potentially toxic indoor air chemicals are the Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs). However, due to a limited understanding of the relationships between indoor concentrations of individual VOCs and health outcomes, there are currently no universal health-based guideline values for VOCs within Europe including the UK. In this study, a systematic search was conducted designed to capture evidence on concentrations, emissions from indoor sources, and health effects for VOCs measured in European residences. We identified 65 individual VOCs, and the most commonly measured were aromatic hydrocarbons (14 chemicals), alkane hydrocarbons (9), aldehydes (8), aliphatic hydrocarbons (5), terpenes (6), chlorinated hydrocarbons (4), glycol and glycol ethers (3) and esters (2). The pathway of interest was inhalation and 8 individual aromatic hydrocarbons, 7 alkanes and 6 aldehydes were associated with respiratory health effects. Members of the chlorinated hydrocarbon family were associated with cardiovascular neurological and carcinogenic health effects and some were irritants as were esters and terpenes. Eight individual aromatic hydrocarbons, 7 alkanes and 6 aldehydes identified in European residences were associated with respiratory health effects. Of the 65 individual VOCs, 52 were from sources associated with building and construction materials (e.g. brick, wood products, adhesives and materials for flooring installation etc.), 41 were linked with consumer products (passive, electric and combustible air fresheners, hair sprays, deodorants) and 9 VOCs were associated with space heating, which may reflect the relatively small number of studies discussing emissions from this category of sources. A clear decrease in concentrations of formaldehyde was observed over the last few years, whilst acetone was found to be one of the most abundant but underreported species. A new approach based on the operational indoor air quality surveillance will both reveal trends in known VOCs and identify new compounds.
Topics: Air Pollutants; Air Pollution, Indoor; Aldehydes; Alkanes; Environmental Monitoring; Esters; Glycols; Hydrocarbons; Hydrocarbons, Aromatic; Terpenes; Volatile Organic Compounds
PubMed: 35623519
DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.156201 -
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer... Dec 2021Prognostic biomarkers in cervical cancer are widely investigated, including cancer stem cell (CSC) markers. However, their significance remains uncertain. This study... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
OBJECTIVES
Prognostic biomarkers in cervical cancer are widely investigated, including cancer stem cell (CSC) markers. However, their significance remains uncertain. This study aimed to determine the role of cervical cancer stem cell (CCSC) markers for survival.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis (PROSPERO CRD42021237072) of studies reporting CCSC markers as the prognostic predictor based on PRISMA guidelines. We included English articles investigating associations of CCSCs expression in tissue tumor with overall survival (OS) or disease-free survival (DFS) from PubMed, EBSCO, and The Cochrane Library databases. The quality of studies was analyzed based on Newcastle-Ottawa Quality Assessment Scale.
RESULTS
From 413 publications, after study selection with inclusion and exclusion criteria, 22 studies were included. High expressions of CCSC markers were associated with poor OS and DFS (HR= 1.05, 95% CI: 1.03 - 1.07, P <0.0001; HR= 1.31, 95% CI: 1.09 - 1.17, P <0.00001; respectively). Sub-analysis of individual CCSC markers indicated significant correlations between CD44 (HR= 1.14, 95% CI: 1.07 - 1.22, P 0.0001), SOX2 (HR= 1.58, 95% CI: 1.17 - 2.14, P 0.003), OCT4 (HR= 1.03, 95% CI: 1.01 - 1.06, P 0.008), ALDH1 (HR= 1.36, 95% CI: 1.13 - 1.64, P 0.001), and CD49f (HR= 3.02, 95% CI: 1.37 - 6.64, P 0.006) with worse OS; OCT4 (HR= 1.14, 95% CI 1.06 - 1.22, P 0.0003), SOX2 (HR= 1.11, 95% CI: 1.06 - 1.16, P <0.0001), and ALDH1 (HR= 1.22, 95% CI: 1.10 - 1.35, P 0.0002) with poor DFS. We did not conduct a meta-analysis for MSI-1 and CK17 because only one study investigated those markers.
CONCLUSION
Expressions of OCT4, SOX2, and ALDH1 were associated with poor OS and DFS in cervical cancer tissue. These markers might have potential roles as prognostic biomarkers to predict unfavorable survival.
Topics: Aldehyde Dehydrogenase 1 Family; Biomarkers, Tumor; Disease-Free Survival; Female; Humans; Hyaluronan Receptors; Neoplastic Stem Cells; Octamer Transcription Factor-3; Predictive Value of Tests; Prognosis; SOXB1 Transcription Factors; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms
PubMed: 34967589
DOI: 10.31557/APJCP.2021.22.12.4057 -
Journal of Carcinogenesis 2021Targeting cancer stem cell (CSC) subpopulation within the tumor remains an obstacle for specific therapy in head-and-neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). Few studies in... (Review)
Review
Targeting cancer stem cell (CSC) subpopulation within the tumor remains an obstacle for specific therapy in head-and-neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). Few studies in the literature describe a panel of stem cell makers, however a distinct panel has not been put forth. This systematic review aims to enhance the knowledge of additional markers to accurately relate their expression to tumorigenesis, metastasis, and therapy resistance. Databases, including and were searched from 2010 to 2017 using various combinations of the following keywords: "Stem cell markers in HNSCC" and "chemoresistance and radioresistence in HNSCC." Original experimental studies (both and ) published in English considering stem cell markers in HNSCC, were considered and included. We excluded articles on tumors other than HNSCC, reviews, editorial letters, book chapters, opinions, and abstracts from the analyses. Forty-two articles were included, in which 13 types of stem cell markers were identified. The most commonly expressed CSC markers were CD44, aldehyde dehydrogenase, and CD133, which were responsible for tumorigenesis, self-renewal, and therapy resistance, whereas NANOG, SOX-2, and OCT-4 were involved in metastasis and invasion. Identification of an accurate panel of CSC markers is the need of the hour as nonspecificity of the current markers poses a problem. Further studies with a large sample size would help validate the role of these CSC markers in HNSCC. These CSC proteins can be developed as therapeutic targets for HNSCC therapy, making future treatment modality more specific and effective.
PubMed: 34729044
DOI: 10.4103/jcar.JCar_14_20 -
Indoor Air Jan 2022The objectives of the systematic review were to: identify the work sectors at risk for exposure to formaldehyde; investigate the procedures applied to assess... (Review)
Review
The objectives of the systematic review were to: identify the work sectors at risk for exposure to formaldehyde; investigate the procedures applied to assess occupational exposure; evaluate the reported exposure levels among the different settings. An electronic search of Pubmed, Scopus, Web of Science and ToxNet was carried out for collecting all the articles on the investigated issue published from January 1, 2004 to September 30, 2019. Forty-three papers were included in the review, and evidenced a great number of occupational scenarios at risk for formaldehyde exposure. All the included studies collected data on formaldehyde exposure levels by a similar approach: environmental and personal sampling followed by chromatographic analyses. Results ranged from not detectable values until to some mg m of airborne formaldehyde. The riskiest occupational settings for formaldehyde exposure were the gross anatomy and pathology laboratories, the hairdressing salons and some specific productive settings, such as wooden furniture factories, dairy facilities and fish hatcheries. Notice that formaldehyde, a well-known carcinogen, was recovered in air at levels higher than outdoor in almost all the studied scenarios/activities; thus, when formaldehyde cannot be removed or substituted, targeted strategies for exposure elimination or mitigation must be adopted.
Topics: Air Pollution, Indoor; Formaldehyde; Humans; Laboratories; Occupational Exposure; Respiratory Hypersensitivity
PubMed: 34708443
DOI: 10.1111/ina.12949 -
Oxidative Medicine and Cellular... 2021Oral lichen planus (OLP) is a relatively common chronic inflammatory disease of unknown etiology, which might be caused by oxidative stress and impaired antioxidant... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
BACKGROUND
Oral lichen planus (OLP) is a relatively common chronic inflammatory disease of unknown etiology, which might be caused by oxidative stress and impaired antioxidant defense.
OBJECTIVE
To systematically investigate the markers of oxidative stress and antioxidant systems in the saliva and blood from OLP patients and healthy controls.
METHODS
The PubMed, Cochrane Library, and Embase were systematically queried to collect data from studies in which oxidative stress/antioxidant markers from OLP and healthy subjects had been evaluated until March 10, 2021.
RESULTS
A total of 28 studies fulfilled inclusion criteria, and 25 of them, having 849 OLP patients and 1,052 control subjects and analyzing 12 oxidative stress and antioxidant state marker levels, were subjected to meta-analysis. We found a significant decrease in total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and uric acid (UA) and a significant increase in malondialdehyde (MDA) and nitric oxide (NO) levels in the saliva and serum/plasma of OLP patients. Moreover, a significant elevation of 8-hydroxy-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) and advanced oxidation protein product (AOOP) level and a decrease in vitamin C were also observed in the saliva of the OLP group. In contrast, salivary vitamin A, zinc, glutathione peroxidase (GPx), vitamin E, and nitrite were not significantly different between the two groups. In single studies, markers of oxidative stresses such as superoxide dismutase (SOD) and 8-isoprostanelevels were elevated in OLP, and antioxidant parameters such as glutathione (GSH) and total protein (TP) levels were dysregulated.
CONCLUSION
This meta-analysis helps to clarify the profile of oxidative stress and antioxidant state markers in OLP patients although existing evidence is rather heterogeneous and many studies are affected by several limitations. Larger and more standardized studies are warranted to ascertain whether these markers are potential causes or effects of OLP and whether antioxidant therapy improving oxidative stress will be useful.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Antioxidants; Biomarkers; Case-Control Studies; Female; Glutathione; Glutathione Peroxidase; Humans; Lichen Planus, Oral; Male; Malondialdehyde; Middle Aged; Nitric Oxide; Oxidative Stress; Saliva; Superoxide Dismutase; Uric Acid
PubMed: 34616506
DOI: 10.1155/2021/9914652 -
Current Issues in Molecular Biology Aug 2021To qualitative and quantitatively review published literature assessing the oxidative stress marker malondialdehyde (MDA) in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
OBJECTIVE
To qualitative and quantitatively review published literature assessing the oxidative stress marker malondialdehyde (MDA) in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC).
METHODOLOGY
Pubmed (MeSH), Science Direct, Scopus, Web of Science, Willey Online Library, Cochrane, and Cross Reference were searched for studies assessing MDA levels in OSCC samples.
RESULTS
From the 1008 articles identified, 849 were excluded based on title and abstract screening due to duplication and irrelevance to the topic of interest. Full-text assessment of the remaining 159 articles led to the inclusion of only 46 articles that satisfied the selection criteria. Of these, only 26 studies had data compatible for quantitative analysis. The MDA levels in OSCC groups are significantly increased ( < 0.00001) in plasma, serum, and saliva samples in the majority of the studies evaluated. In contrast, MDA levels in OSCC tissue samples are significantly attenuated ( < 0.00001) compared to healthy controls, supported by fewer studies.
CONCLUSIONS
The augmented MDA levels in plasma, serum, and saliva samples of the OSCC reflect the heightened oxidative stress level accurately. Further studies are required to understand the attenuated MDA levels in the tissue samples of OSCC. Correlation analysis between MDA levels with established clinicopathological prognostic markers could aid in formulating oxidative stress-based prognostication and treatment planning.
Topics: Biomarkers; Head and Neck Neoplasms; Humans; Malondialdehyde; Mouth Neoplasms; Oxidation-Reduction; Oxidative Stress; Prognosis; Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Head and Neck
PubMed: 34563041
DOI: 10.3390/cimb43020072 -
Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine 2021This study was designed to systematically evaluate the effects of microbiota-driven therapy on decreasing TMAO and its related metabolites. PubMed, EMBASE and Cochrane...
This study was designed to systematically evaluate the effects of microbiota-driven therapy on decreasing TMAO and its related metabolites. PubMed, EMBASE and Cochrane Library databases were searched (up to July 2021). Randomized controlled trials (RCTs), compared microbiota-driven therapy (prebiotics, probiotics, or synbiotics) with placebo on decreasing TMAO and its related metabolites, were eligible. Two researchers extracted the data independently and the disagreement was resolved by a third researcher. The risk of bias of included study was evaluated using Cochrane tool (RoB 2.0). Meta-analysis, meta-regression analysis and publication bias analysis were performed by RevMan 5.3 or Stata 12.0 software. Ten studies (12 arms) involving 342 patients (168 patients in the intervention group and 174 patients in the control group) were included. Compared with the control group, microbiota-driven therapy did not reduce circulating TMAO [SMD = -0.05, 95% CI (-0.36, 0.26), = 0.749], choline [SMD = -0.34, 95% CI (-1.09, 0.41), = 0.373], betaine aldehyde [SMD = -0.704, 95% CI (-1.789, 0.382), = 0.204], and L-carnatine [SMD = -0.06, 95% CI (-0.38, 0.25), = 0.692]. Current evidence does not support that microbiota-driven treatment reduce circulating levels of TMAO, choline, betaine aldehyde, and L-carnitine. However, given the small sample size, this conclusion needs to be proved in the future. PROSPERO:CRD42019119107.
PubMed: 34552967
DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2021.710567 -
Redox Biology Oct 2021Postprandial oxidative stress markers in blood are generated transiently from various tissues and cells following high-fat and/or high-carbohydrate (HFHC) meals, and may... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Postprandial oxidative stress markers in blood are generated transiently from various tissues and cells following high-fat and/or high-carbohydrate (HFHC) meals, and may be suppressed by certain phytonutrients, such as polyphenols and carotenoids. However, the transient presence of phytonutrients in circulation suggests that timing of consumption, relative to the meal, could be important. This systematic review investigates the effect of timing of phytonutrient intake on blood markers of postprandial oxidative processes.
METHOD
EMBASE, Medline, Scopus and Web of Science were searched up to December 2020. Eligible studies met the criteria: 1) healthy human adults; 2) phytonutrient(s) consumed in solid form within 24 h of a HFHC meal; 3) postprandial measurements of oxidative stress or antioxidants in blood; and 4) controlled study design. Cohen's d effect sizes were calculated to compare studies.
RESULTS
Nine studies, involving 256 participants, were included. Phytonutrients were consumed either at the same time, 1 h before, or the day (>12 h) before a HFHC meal. Significant decreases in blood markers - plasma lipid hydroperoxides, plasma malondialdehyde, serum sNox2-dp, serum 8-iso-PGF2α, platelet p47 phosphorylation, and Keap-1 and p47 protein levels in mononuclear cells (MNCs) - were observed where the phytonutrient was consumed together with the challenge meal (n = 4). Lack of any effect on oxidative stress markers was observed where phytonutrients were consumed with (n = 1), 1 h before (n = 1), and the day before (n = 2) the HFHC meal.
CONCLUSION
Phytonutrients consumed with a HFHC meal significantly suppressed some markers of oxidative stress in blood. Although there were only a limited number of studies, it appears that suppression appeared effective at the time of peak phytonutrient concentration in plasma. However, further studies are required to confirm the observations and systematically optimise the effect of timing.
Topics: Antioxidants; Cross-Over Studies; Humans; Malondialdehyde; Oxidative Stress; Phytochemicals; Postprandial Period
PubMed: 34488026
DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2021.102123 -
ERJ Open Research Jul 2021Asthma and COPD continue to cause considerable diagnostic and treatment stratification challenges. Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) have been proposed as feasible...
BACKGROUND
Asthma and COPD continue to cause considerable diagnostic and treatment stratification challenges. Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) have been proposed as feasible diagnostic and monitoring biomarkers in airway diseases.
AIMS
To 1) conduct a systematic review evaluating the diagnostic accuracy of VOCs in diagnosing airway diseases; 2) understand the relationship between reported VOCs and biomarkers of type-2 inflammation; 3) assess the standardisation of reporting according to STARD and TRIPOD criteria; 4) review current methods of breath sampling and analysis.
METHODS
A PRISMA-oriented systematic search was conducted (January 1997 to December 2020). Search terms included: "asthma", "volatile organic compound(s)", "VOC" and "COPD". Two independent reviewers examined the extracted titles against review objectives.
RESULTS
44 full-text papers were included; 40/44 studies were cross-sectional and four studies were interventional in design; 17/44 studies used sensor-array technologies ( eNose). Cross-study comparison was not possible across identified studies due to the heterogeneity in design. The commonest airway diseases differentiating VOCs belonged to carbonyl-containing classes ( aldehydes, esters and ketones) and hydrocarbons ( alkanes and alkenes). Although individual markers that are associated with clinical biomarkers of type-2 inflammation were recognised ( ethane and 3,7-dimethylnonane for asthma and α-methylstyrene and decane for COPD), these were not consistently identified across studies. Only 3/44 reported following STARD or TRIPOD criteria for diagnostic accuracy and multivariate reporting, respectively.
CONCLUSIONS
Breath VOCs show promise as diagnostic biomarkers of airway diseases and for type-2 inflammation profiling. However, future studies should focus on transparent reporting of diagnostic accuracy and multivariate models and continue to focus on chemical identification of volatile metabolites.
PubMed: 34476250
DOI: 10.1183/23120541.00030-2021