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Advances in Nutrition (Bethesda, Md.) Jun 2024Maternal adiposity impacts lactation performance, but the pathways are unclear. We conducted a systematic review to understand whether maternal adiposity (body mass... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
Is Maternal Body Weight or Composition Associated with Onset of Lactogenesis II, Human Milk Production, or Infant Consumption of Mother's Own Milk? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
Maternal adiposity impacts lactation performance, but the pathways are unclear. We conducted a systematic review to understand whether maternal adiposity (body mass index [BMI] or percentage fat mass) is associated with onset of lactogenesis II (copious milk; hours), human milk production (expressed volume/24 h), and infant consumption of mother's own milk (volume/24 h). We used random-effects standard meta-analyses to compare the relative risk (RR) of delayed lactogenesis II (>72 h) between mothers classified as underweight (BMI <18.5 kg/m), healthy weight (BMI, 18.5-24.9 kg/m), and overweight/obese (BMI ≥25 kg/m) and random-effects meta-regressions to examine associations with hours to lactogenesis II and infant milk consumption. The certainty of evidence was assessed using the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation approach. We included 122 articles. Mothers with underweight (RR: 0.64; 95% CI: 0.49, 0.83; I = 39.48%; 8 articles/data points) or healthy weight status (RR: 0.67; 95% CI: 0.57, 0.79; I = 70.91%; 15 articles/data points) were less likely to experience delayed lactogenesis II than mothers with overweight/obesity. We found no association between maternal BMI and time to onset of lactogenesis II (β: 1.45 h; 95% CI: -3.19, 6.09 h; P = 0.52, I = 0.00%; 8 articles, 17 data points). Due to limited data, we narratively reviewed articles examining BMI or percentage fat mass and milk production (n = 6); half reported an inverse association and half no association. We found no association between maternal BMI (β: 6.23 mL; 95% CI: -11.26, 23.72 mL; P = 0.48, I = 47.23%; 58 articles, 75 data points) or percentage fat mass (β: 7.82 mL; 95% CI: -1.66, 17.29 mL; P = 0.10, I = 28.55%; 30 articles, 41 data points) and infant milk consumption. The certainty of evidence for all outcomes was very low. In conclusion, mothers with overweight/obesity may be at risk of delayed lactogenesis II. The available data do not support an association with infant milk consumption, but the included studies do not adequately represent mothers with obesity. This study was registered in PROSPERO as 285344.
Topics: Humans; Female; Lactation; Milk, Human; Infant; Body Weight; Breast Feeding; Body Mass Index; Mothers; Adult; Body Composition; Adiposity; Infant, Newborn; Overweight; Obesity; Thinness
PubMed: 38609047
DOI: 10.1016/j.advnut.2024.100228 -
The Cochrane Database of Systematic... Apr 2024Midwives are primary providers of care for childbearing women globally and there is a need to establish whether there are differences in effectiveness between midwife... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Midwives are primary providers of care for childbearing women globally and there is a need to establish whether there are differences in effectiveness between midwife continuity of care models and other models of care. This is an update of a review published in 2016.
OBJECTIVES
To compare the effects of midwife continuity of care models with other models of care for childbearing women and their infants.
SEARCH METHODS
We searched the Cochrane Pregnancy and Childbirth Trials Register, ClinicalTrials.gov, and the WHO International Clinical Trials Registry Platform (ICTRP) (17 August 2022), as well as the reference lists of retrieved studies.
SELECTION CRITERIA
All published and unpublished trials in which pregnant women are randomly allocated to midwife continuity of care models or other models of care during pregnancy and birth.
DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS
Two authors independently assessed studies for inclusion criteria, scientific integrity, and risk of bias, and carried out data extraction and entry. Primary outcomes were spontaneous vaginal birth, caesarean section, regional anaesthesia, intact perineum, fetal loss after 24 weeks gestation, preterm birth, and neonatal death. We used GRADE to rate the certainty of evidence.
MAIN RESULTS
We included 17 studies involving 18,533 randomised women. We assessed all studies as being at low risk of scientific integrity/trustworthiness concerns. Studies were conducted in Australia, Canada, China, Ireland, and the United Kingdom. The majority of the included studies did not include women at high risk of complications. There are three ongoing studies targeting disadvantaged women. Primary outcomes Based on control group risks observed in the studies, midwife continuity of care models, as compared to other models of care, likely increase spontaneous vaginal birth from 66% to 70% (risk ratio (RR) 1.05, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.03 to 1.07; 15 studies, 17,864 participants; moderate-certainty evidence), likelyreduce caesarean sections from 16% to 15% (RR 0.91, 95% CI 0.84 to 0.99; 16 studies, 18,037 participants; moderate-certainty evidence), and likely result in little to no difference in intact perineum (29% in other care models and 31% in midwife continuity of care models, average RR 1.05, 95% CI 0.98 to 1.12; 12 studies, 14,268 participants; moderate-certainty evidence). There may belittle or no difference in preterm birth (< 37 weeks) (6% under both care models, average RR 0.95, 95% CI 0.78 to 1.16; 10 studies, 13,850 participants; low-certainty evidence). We arevery uncertain about the effect of midwife continuity of care models on regional analgesia (average RR 0.85, 95% CI 0.79 to 0.92; 15 studies, 17,754 participants, very low-certainty evidence), fetal loss at or after 24 weeks gestation (average RR 1.24, 95% CI 0.73 to 2.13; 12 studies, 16,122 participants; very low-certainty evidence), and neonatal death (average RR 0.85, 95% CI 0.43 to 1.71; 10 studies, 14,718 participants; very low-certainty evidence). Secondary outcomes When compared to other models of care, midwife continuity of care models likely reduce instrumental vaginal birth (forceps/vacuum) from 14% to 13% (average RR 0.89, 95% CI 0.83 to 0.96; 14 studies, 17,769 participants; moderate-certainty evidence), and may reduceepisiotomy 23% to 19% (average RR 0.83, 95% CI 0.77 to 0.91; 15 studies, 17,839 participants; low-certainty evidence). When compared to other models of care, midwife continuity of care models likelyresult in little to no difference inpostpartum haemorrhage (average RR 0.92, 95% CI 0.82 to 1.03; 11 studies, 14,407 participants; moderate-certainty evidence) and admission to special care nursery/neonatal intensive care unit (average RR 0.89, 95% CI 0.77 to 1.03; 13 studies, 16,260 participants; moderate-certainty evidence). There may be little or no difference in induction of labour (average RR 0.92, 95% CI 0.85 to 1.00; 14 studies, 17,666 participants; low-certainty evidence), breastfeeding initiation (average RR 1.06, 95% CI 1.00 to 1.12; 8 studies, 8575 participants; low-certainty evidence), and birth weight less than 2500 g (average RR 0.92, 95% CI 0.79 to 1.08; 9 studies, 12,420 participants; low-certainty evidence). We are very uncertain about the effect of midwife continuity of care models compared to other models of care onthird or fourth-degree tear (average RR 1.10, 95% CI 0.81 to 1.49; 7 studies, 9437 participants; very low-certainty evidence), maternal readmission within 28 days (average RR 1.52, 95% CI 0.78 to 2.96; 1 study, 1195 participants; very low-certainty evidence), attendance at birth by a known midwife (average RR 9.13, 95% CI 5.87 to 14.21; 11 studies, 9273 participants; very low-certainty evidence), Apgar score less than or equal to seven at five minutes (average RR 0.95, 95% CI 0.72 to 1.24; 13 studies, 12,806 participants; very low-certainty evidence) andfetal loss before 24 weeks gestation (average RR 0.82, 95% CI 0.67 to 1.01; 12 studies, 15,913 participants; very low-certainty evidence). No maternal deaths were reported across three studies. Although the observed risk of adverse events was similar between midwifery continuity of care models and other models, our confidence in the findings was limited. Our confidence in the findings was lowered by possible risks of bias, inconsistency, and imprecision of some estimates. There were no available data for the outcomes: maternal health status, neonatal readmission within 28 days, infant health status, and birth weight of 4000 g or more. Maternal experiences and cost implications are described narratively. Women receiving care from midwife continuity of care models, as opposed to other care models, generally reported more positive experiences during pregnancy, labour, and postpartum. Cost savings were noted in the antenatal and intrapartum periods in midwife continuity of care models.
AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS
Women receiving midwife continuity of care models were less likely to experience a caesarean section and instrumental birth, and may be less likely to experience episiotomy. They were more likely to experience spontaneous vaginal birth and report a positive experience. The certainty of some findings varies due to possible risks of bias, inconsistencies, and imprecision of some estimates. Future research should focus on the impact on women with social risk factors, and those at higher risk of complications, and implementation and scaling up of midwife continuity of care models, with emphasis on low- and middle-income countries.
Topics: Infant; Pregnancy; Infant, Newborn; Female; Humans; Midwifery; Cesarean Section; Perinatal Death; Birth Weight; Premature Birth; Continuity of Patient Care; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic
PubMed: 38597126
DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD004667.pub6 -
Annals of Palliative Medicine Mar 2024The use of oral nutritional supplement (ONS) is one of the modalities employed to manage cancer-associated malnutrition. However, evidence of its efficacy is limited. In... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
BACKGROUND
The use of oral nutritional supplement (ONS) is one of the modalities employed to manage cancer-associated malnutrition. However, evidence of its efficacy is limited. In 2018, a meta-analysis reported the statistical benefits of increased body weight from ONS. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of ONS in cancer patients receiving chemotherapy in more recent trials.
METHODS
All randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of adult cancer patients receiving chemotherapy, which compared ONS with standard of care and reported on body weight, nutritional status, or quality of life (QoL), were included. Eligible RCTs were identified from PubMed, OVID, and the references of previous systematic reviews up until February 2023. The risk of bias was assessed using the Revised Cochrane risk-of-bias tool. The outcomes of interest were pooled and analyzed using the mean difference (MD) with a corresponding 95% confidence interval (CI). This study was registered in PROSPERO, number CRD42023400471.
RESULTS
Ten RCTs comprising 1,101 patients were included. ONS did not show a significant impact on final body weight (MD -0.07 kg, 95% CI: -0.99 to 0.84, P=0.88). It tended to increase body weight (MD 0.90 kg, 95% CI: -0.48 to 2.28, P=0.20), and this benefit was particularly noticeable in elderly patients, those with low baseline body weight, females, and non-Asian patients. After adjusting for risk of bias, ONS was found to significantly increase body weight (MD 1.32 kg, 95% CI: 0.12 to 2.52, P=0.03), and it also tended to enhance Patient-Generated Subjective Global Assessment (PG-SGA) score of -2.13 (95% CI: -5.07 to 0.82, P=0.16), global domain QoL score of 4.01 (95% CI: 0.08 to 7.94, P=0.05) and fatigue domain QoL score of -7.63 (95% CI: -13.87 to -1.39, P=0.02).
CONCLUSIONS
ONS could help to increase body weight in cancer patients receiving chemotherapy. This benefit was especially notable in those at high risk of malnutrition, including elderly patients, those with low baseline body weight, females, and non-Asian patients. It also resulted in improved PG-SGA scores and significantly improved patients' QoL during chemotherapy treatment. Future studies should explore the potential benefit of ONS on oncological outcomes or improvements of chemotherapy-related toxicity.
Topics: Humans; Body Weight; Malnutrition; Neoplasms; Nutritional Status; Quality of Life; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; Nutritional Support
PubMed: 38584474
DOI: 10.21037/apm-23-558 -
International Journal of Clinical... Jun 2024Triplet therapy, androgen receptor signaling inhibitors (ARSIs) plus docetaxel plus androgen-deprivation therapy (ADT), is a novel guideline-recommended treatment for... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
Impact of disease volume on survival efficacy of triplet therapy for metastatic hormone-sensitive prostate cancer: a systematic review, meta-analysis, and network meta-analysis.
BACKGROUND
Triplet therapy, androgen receptor signaling inhibitors (ARSIs) plus docetaxel plus androgen-deprivation therapy (ADT), is a novel guideline-recommended treatment for metastatic hormone-sensitive prostate cancer (mHSPC). However, the optimal selection of the patient most likely to benefit from triplet therapy remains unclear.
METHODS
We performed a systematic review, meta-analysis, and network meta-analysis to assess the oncologic benefit of triplet therapy in mHSPC patients stratified by disease volume and compare them with doublet treatment regimens. Three databases and meeting abstracts were queried in March 2023 for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) evaluating patients treated with systemic therapy for mHSPC stratified by disease volume. Primary interests of measure were overall survival (OS). We followed the PRISMA guideline and AMSTAR2 checklist.
RESULTS
Overall, eight RCTs were included for meta-analyses and network meta-analyses (NMAs). Triplet therapy outperformed docetaxel plus ADT in terms of OS in both patients with high-(pooled HR: 0.73, 95%CI 0.64-0.84) and low-volume mHSPC (pooled HR: 0.71, 95%CI 0.52-0.97). There was no statistically significant difference between patients with low- vs. high-volume in terms of OS benefit from adding ARSI to docetaxel plus ADT (p = 0.9). Analysis of treatment rankings showed that darolutamide plus docetaxel plus ADT (90%) had the highest likelihood of improved OS in patients with high-volume disease, while enzalutamide plus ADT (84%) had the highest in with low-volume disease.
CONCLUSIONS
Triplet therapy improves OS in mHSPC patients compared to docetaxel-based doublet therapy, irrespective of disease volume. However, based on treatment ranking, triplet therapy should preferably be considered for patients with high-volume mHSPC while those with low-volume are likely to be adequately treated with ARSI + ADT.
Topics: Humans; Male; Androgen Antagonists; Androgen Receptor Antagonists; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols; Docetaxel; Network Meta-Analysis; Prostatic Neoplasms; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; Tumor Burden
PubMed: 38582807
DOI: 10.1007/s10147-024-02485-4 -
Obesity Research & Clinical Practice 2024The BMI predicts mortality and cardiovascular disease (CVD) in the general population, while in patients with end-stage chronic kidney disease (CKD) a high BMI is... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
The BMI predicts mortality and cardiovascular disease (CVD) in the general population, while in patients with end-stage chronic kidney disease (CKD) a high BMI is associated with improved survival, a phenomenon referred to as the "obesity paradox". While BMI is easy to determine and helps to categorize patients, it does not differentiate between fat tissue, lean tissue and bone mass. As the BMI may be altered in CKD, e.g. by muscle wasting, we determined in this meta-analysis (i) the association of mortality with fat tissue quantity in CKD and (ii) the association of mortality with abdominal obesity (as measured by waist circumference (WC) or waist-to-hip ratio (WHR)) in CKD. We systematically reviewed databases for prospective or retrospective cohort studies. In eleven studies with 23,523 patients the association between mortality and high fat tissue quantity in CKD was calculated. The pooled hazard ratio (HR) for this association in the CKD group in the dialysis group 0.91 (CI 0.84- 0.98, p = 0.01) which is comparable to the HR for the association with BMI. The HR in patients without dialysis was 0.7 (95% CI 0.53- 0.93, p = 0.01), suggesting a better risk prediction of high fat tissue content with mortality as compared to higher BMI with mortality in patients with CKD without dialysis. Importantly, both BMI and fat tissue quantity in CKD are described by the "obesity paradox": the higher the fat tissue content or BMI, the lower the mortality risk. In thirteen studies with 55,175 patients the association between mortality and high WC or WHR in CKD (with or without dialysis) was calculated. We observed, that the HR in the WHR group was 1.31 (CI 1.08-1.58, p = 0.007), whereas the overall hazard ratio of both groups was 1.09 (CI 1.01-1.18, p = 0.03), indicating that a higher abdominal obesity as measured by WHR is associated with higher mortality in CKD. Our analysis suggests gender-specific differences, which need larger study numbers for validation. This meta-analysis confirms the obesity paradox in CKD using fat tissue quantity as measure and further shows that using abdominal obesity measurements in the routine in obese CKD patients might allow better risk assessment than using BMI or fat tissue quantity. Comparable to the overall population, here, the higher the WHR, the higher the mortality risk.
Topics: Humans; Adipose Tissue; Body Mass Index; Cardiovascular Diseases; Obesity; Obesity, Abdominal; Renal Dialysis; Renal Insufficiency, Chronic; Risk Factors; Waist Circumference; Waist-Hip Ratio
PubMed: 38582736
DOI: 10.1016/j.orcp.2024.03.007 -
Burns : Journal of the International... Aug 2024To evaluate the efficacy of therapeutic interventions on pediatric burn patients' height, weight, body composition, and muscle strength. (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
OBJECTIVE
To evaluate the efficacy of therapeutic interventions on pediatric burn patients' height, weight, body composition, and muscle strength.
METHODS
A systematic literature search was conducted in PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science up to March 2021. Eligible interventional studies reported metrics on the height, weight, body composition, or muscle strength of pediatric burn patients in a peer-reviewed journal. Meta-analyses were performed if ≥ 2 trials of clinical homogeneity reported on an outcome measure at the same time point post-burn.
RESULTS
Twenty-six interventional studies were identified, including twenty-two randomised controlled trials and four non-randomised trials. Most studies were conducted by a single institution. On average, the burn covered 45.3% ( ± 9.9) of the total body surface area. Three categories of interventions could be distinguished: rehabilitative exercise programs, pharmacologic agents, and nutrition support.
CONCLUSIONS
Each of the interventions had a positive effect on height, weight, body composition, or muscle strength. The decision to initiate an intervention should be made on a case-by-case basis following careful consideration of the benefits and risks. In future research, it is important to evaluate the heterogeneity of intervention effects and whether participation in an intervention allowed pediatric burn patients to reach the physical and functional status of healthy peers.
Topics: Humans; Burns; Body Composition; Child; Muscle Strength; Body Weight; Body Height; Exercise Therapy; Nutritional Support; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 38580580
DOI: 10.1016/j.burns.2024.03.012 -
Clinical Oral Investigations Apr 2024To systematically review the literature for mid-sagittal plane establishment approaches to identify the most effective method for constructing the mid-sagittal plane for... (Review)
Review
Establishment of the mid-sagittal reference plane for three-dimensional assessment of facial asymmetry: a systematic review : Establishment of the mid-sagittal reference plane: a systematic review.
OBJECTIVE
To systematically review the literature for mid-sagittal plane establishment approaches to identify the most effective method for constructing the mid-sagittal plane for the evaluation of facial asymmetry.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Six electronic databases (PubMed, Medline (via Ovid), EMBASE (via Ovid), Cochrane Library, Web of Science, and Scopus) and grey literature were searched for the studies that computed the mid-sagittal reference plane three-dimensionally, using a combination of MeSH terms and keywords. The methodological quality and the level of evidence for the included studies were analyzed using QUADAS-2 and GRADE, respectively.
RESULTS
The preliminary search yielded 6746 records, of which 42 articles that met the predefined inclusion criteria were included in the final analysis. All the included articles reported the construction of the mid-sagittal reference plane (MSP) using varied methods. The risk of bias and concerns regarding the applicability of the included studies were judged to be 'low'. The level of evidence was determined to be 'low' for the effectiveness of the technique and 'moderate' for the ease of clinical applicability.
CONCLUSION
Despite methodological heterogeneity, this review substantiates the comparable efficacy of cephalometric and morphometric MSP construction methods. A fully automated morphometric MSP holds promise as a viable option for routine clinical use. Nevertheless, future prospective studies with an emphasis on the impact, accuracy, and clinical applicability of MSP construction techniques in cases of facial asymmetry are required.
CLINICAL RELEVANCE
The present review will assist clinicians in selecting the most suitable method for MSP construction, leading to improved treatment planning and ultimately more favorable treatment outcomes.
Topics: Humans; Facial Asymmetry; Prospective Studies; Cephalometry
PubMed: 38575839
DOI: 10.1007/s00784-024-05620-7 -
Journal of Ovarian Research Apr 2024To comprehensively evaluate the effect of low birth weight on premature ovarian insufficiency. (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
OBJECTIVE
To comprehensively evaluate the effect of low birth weight on premature ovarian insufficiency.
METHODS
We performed a systematic review of the literature by searching MEDLINE, EMBASE, Web of Science, Scopus, Wanfang and CNKI up to August 2023. All cohort and case-control studies that included birth weight as an exposure and premature ovarian insufficiency as an outcome were included in the analysis. Data were combined using inverse-variance weighted meta-analysis with fixed and random effects models and between-study heterogeneity evaluated. We evaluated risk of bias using the Newcastle Ottawa Scale and using Egger's method to test publication bias. All statistical analyses were performed with the use of R software.
RESULTS
Five articles were included in the review. A total of 2,248,594 women were included, including 21,813 (1%) cases of premature ovarian insufficiency, 150,743 cases of low birth weight, and 220,703 cases of macrosomia. We found strong evidence that changed the results of the previous review that low birth weight is associated with an increased risk of premature ovarian insufficiency (OR = 1.15, 95%CI 1.09-1.22) in adulthood compared with normal birth weight. No effect of macrosomia on premature ovarian insufficiency was found.
CONCLUSIONS
Our meta-analysis showed strong evidence of an association between low birth weight and premature ovarian insufficiency. We should reduce the occurrence of low birth weight by various methods to avoid the occurrence of premature ovarian insufficiency.
Topics: Infant, Newborn; Female; Humans; Birth Weight; Fetal Macrosomia; Infant, Low Birth Weight; Menopause, Premature; Primary Ovarian Insufficiency
PubMed: 38570862
DOI: 10.1186/s13048-024-01357-9 -
Journal of Global Health Mar 2024This study was designed to evaluate the effects of body mass index (BMI) and weight change on the risk of developing cancer overall and cancer at different sites. (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
BACKGROUND
This study was designed to evaluate the effects of body mass index (BMI) and weight change on the risk of developing cancer overall and cancer at different sites.
METHODS
We searched PubMed and other databases up to July 2023 using the keywords related to 'risk', 'cancer', 'weight', 'overweight', and 'obesity'. We identified eligible studies, and the inclusion criteria encompassed cohort studies in English that focused on cancer diagnosis and included BMI or weight change as an exposure factor. Multiple authors performed data extraction and quality assessment, and statistical analyses were carried out using RevMan and R software. We used random- or fixed-effects models to calculate the pooled relative risk (RR) or hazard ratio along with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). We used the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale to assess study quality.
RESULTS
Analysis included 66 cohort studies. Compared to underweight or normal weight, overweight or obesity was associated with an increased risk of endometrial cancer, kidney cancer, and liver cancer but a decreased risk of prostate cancer and lung cancer. Being underweight was associated with an increased risk of gastric cancer and lung cancer but not that of postmenopausal breast cancer or female reproductive cancer. In addition, weight loss of more than five kg was protective against overall cancer risk.
CONCLUSIONS
Overweight and obesity increase the risk of most cancers, and weight loss of >5 kg reduces overall cancer risk. These findings provide insights for cancer prevention and help to elucidate the mechanisms underlying cancer development.
REGISTRATION
Reviewregistry1786.
Topics: Male; Female; Humans; Body Mass Index; Overweight; Thinness; Obesity; Cohort Studies; Breast Neoplasms; Lung Neoplasms; Weight Loss
PubMed: 38547495
DOI: 10.7189/jogh.14.04067 -
Nutrients Mar 2024Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), the most common chronic liver disorder, is closely associated with insulin resistance, obesity, and metabolic syndromes. A body... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
The Effects of Olive Oil Consumption on Biochemical Parameters and Body Mass Index of People with Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), the most common chronic liver disorder, is closely associated with insulin resistance, obesity, and metabolic syndromes. A body of research has proposed that olive oil, a basic component of the Mediterranean diet with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, may alleviate metabolic disturbances and retard the progression of NAFLD. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to assess the effectiveness of olive oil intake in people with NAFLD. We systematically searched the major electronic databases (PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials), as well as grey literature sources, to identify randomized controlled trials (RCTs) investigating the effects of olive oil consumption on biochemical and anthropometric parameters of individuals with NAFLD. The quality of the studies was evaluated using the risk-of-bias tool 2.0 (RoB 2). The mean difference (MD) and the 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated using fixed-effects and random-effects models. Seven RCTs involving 515 subjects were included in the analysis. In the random-effects model, no statistically significant differences were identified with respect to alanine transaminase (MD = -1.83 IU/L, 95% CI: -5.85, 2.19 IU/L, = 0.37, = 69%) and aspartate transaminase (MD = -1.65 IU/L, 95% CI: -4.48, 1.17 IU/L, = 0.25, = 72%) levels or waist circumference values (MD = -0.23 cm, 95% CI: -1.23, 0.76 cm, = 0.65, = 0%). However, a significant effect on body mass index was observed (MD = -0.57 kg/m, 95% CI: -1.08, -0.06 kg/m, = 0.03, = 51%) for subjects who received olive oil compared to those who received an alternative diet or placebo. The findings of the present meta-analysis suggest a modestly positive impact of olive oil intake on body weight in people with NAFLD.
Topics: Humans; Body Mass Index; Body Weight; Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease; Olive Oil; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic
PubMed: 38542768
DOI: 10.3390/nu16060857