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Cancer Medicine Jul 2023The rising cancer incidence in patients with oral leukoplakia (OL) highlights the importance of identifying potential biomarkers for high-risk individuals and lesions... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
BACKGROUND
The rising cancer incidence in patients with oral leukoplakia (OL) highlights the importance of identifying potential biomarkers for high-risk individuals and lesions because these biomarkers are useful in developing personalized management strategies for OL patients. This study systematically searched and analyzed the literature on potential saliva and serum biomarkers for OL malignant transformation.
METHODS
PubMed and Scopus were searched for studies published up to April 2022. The primary outcome of this study was the difference in biomarker concentrations in saliva or serum samples from healthy control (HC), OL and oral cancer (OC) populations. Cohen's d with 95% credible interval was calculated and pooled using the inverse variance heterogeneity method.
RESULTS
A total of seven saliva biomarkers were analyzed in this paper, including interleukin-1alpha, interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-6-8, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), copper, zinc, and lactate dehydrogenase. IL-6 and TNF-α exhibited statistically significant deviations in comparisons between HC versus OL and OL versus OC. A total of 13 serum biomarkers were analyzed, including IL-6, TNF-α, C-reactive protein, total cholesterol, triglycerides, high-density lipoproteins, low-density lipoproteins, albumin, protein, β2-microglobulin, fucose, lipid-bound sialic acid (LSA), and total sialic acid (TSA). LSA and TSA exhibited statistically significant deviations in comparisons between HC versus OL and OL versus OC.
CONCLUSION
IL-6 and TNF-α in saliva have strong predictive values for OL deterioration, and LSA and TSA concentration levels in serum also have the potential to serve as biomarkers for OL deterioration.
Topics: Humans; Interleukin-6; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; N-Acetylneuraminic Acid; Leukoplakia, Oral; Biomarkers; Mouth Neoplasms; Cell Transformation, Neoplastic
PubMed: 37199052
DOI: 10.1002/cam4.6095 -
Alternative Therapies in Health and... Jul 2023Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic disease affecting the large intestine. Cytokines, as inflammatory mediators, can enable pathological injury of the intestinal mucosa... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
CONTEXT
Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic disease affecting the large intestine. Cytokines, as inflammatory mediators, can enable pathological injury of the intestinal mucosa and play an important role in UC's pathogenesis. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) offers a wealth of theory and experience in UC's treatment.
OBJECTIVE
The literature review and meta-analysis intended to examine TCM's effects in the treatment of UC patients who have the dampness-heat syndrome on the serum cytokines known to be related to UC's pathogenesis.
DESIGN
The research team conducted a comprehensive literature search for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) in seven databases. The search covered all publicly published documents from the establishment of a database until August 31, 2021. The team also performed a meta-analysis of the RCTs' results to compare the levels of cytokines in the intervention and control groups.
SETTING
The study took place at Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine of Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Shanghai, China.
INTERVENTIONS
For the meta-analysis, the research team created two intervention groups, the oral TCM only group and the TCM+ Western Medicine (WM) group and a control group, the WM group. The team determined which RCT's measured a particular cytokine and which groups those RCTs compared, the team examined the differences between the groups postintervention.
OUTCOME MEASURES
The primary outcome measures were the RCTs' levels of 13 serum cytokines-interleukin 6 (IL-6), IL-8, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), IL-17, IL-23, interferon-gamma (IFN-γ), IL-21, IL-1, IL-1β, IL-2, IL-4, IL-10, and IL-13. The team used the random effects model to combine the results for the serum markers as standardized mean differences (SMDs) and compared the two intervention groups to the control group.
RESULTS
The research team identified 22 studies that included 1957 participants. The team found that six proinflammatory cytokines were significantly lower in the combined TCM only and TCM+WM intervention groups than in the WM control group: (1) IL-6-SMD -2.60, 95%CI -3.37 to -1.83, P < .00001; (2) IL-8-SMD -2.49, 95%CI -3.34 to -1.64, P < .00001; (3) TNF-α-SMD -1.70, 95%CI -2.07 to -1.33, P < .00001; (4) IL-17 (TCM+WM group only)-SMD-2.99, 95%CI -4.66 to -1.31, P = .0005; (5) IL-23 (TCM+WM group only)-SMD -2.43, 95% CI -2.78 to -2.08, P < .00001; and (6) IFN-γ-SMD -1.47, 95% CI -1.81 to -1.12, P < .00001. The team found that two anti-inflammatory cytokines were significantly higher in the intervention group than in the control group: (1) IL-4-SMD 1.45, 95% CI 0.92-1.99, P < .00001, and (2) IL-10-SMD 1.33, 95% CI 0.97-1.69, P < .00001. For the results that the team couldn't combine, the levels of the proinflammatory cytokines IL-1, IL-1β, IL-2, and IL-21 were significantly lower in the combined intervention groups than in the control group (P < .05), and the level of the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-13 in the intervention group was significantly higher than that in the control group (P < .05). The comprehensive analysis showed that oral TCM or a combination of TCM and WM could more significantly reduce the levels of the proinflammatory cytokines IL-6, IL-8, TNF-α, IL-17, IL-23, IFN-γ, IL-21, IL-1, IL-1β and IL-2 and increase the levels of the anti-inflammatory cytokines IL-4, IL-10 and IL-13.
CONCLUSIONS
Oral TCM or TCM+WM can reduce the proinflammatory response and increase the anti-inflammatory response of UC patients by regulating serum cytokines and can obtain a better clinical effect than WM only. These benefits can alleviate intestinal inflammation in patients and have a positive effect on clinical efficacy. In the future, more high-quality, large-sample, and long-term follow-up randomized controlled trial are necessary to support research analysis.
Topics: Humans; Medicine, Chinese Traditional; Interleukin-17; Cytokines; Colitis, Ulcerative; Interleukin-10; Interleukin-2; Interleukin-6; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; Interleukin-13; Hot Temperature; Interleukin-4; Interleukin-8; China; Syndrome; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Interleukin-23; Interleukin-1
PubMed: 37171947
DOI: No ID Found -
Experimental Gerontology Jun 2023Consistent with the inflammaging concept, cross-sectional associations have been established between inflammatory biomarkers, frailty and sarcopenia. Less certain is the... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
Consistent with the inflammaging concept, cross-sectional associations have been established between inflammatory biomarkers, frailty and sarcopenia. Less certain is the value of inflammatory markers in monitoring potential anti-inflammatory effects of therapeutic interventions targeted at frailty and sarcopenia. The aims of this systematic review and meta-analysis are to determine if there is a measurable change in inflammatory or immune biomarkers in interventions that improve frailty or sarcopenia and 2. To determine if there are specific inflammatory biomarkers with greater sensitivity to change. In total, 3051 articles were scanned with 16, primarily exercise and nutrition interventions, included in the systematic review and 11 in the meta-analysis. At least one of C reactive protein (CRP), interleukin-6 (IL-6) or tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) was reduced in 10 of the 16 review studies but only 3/13 studies reported reductions in multiple markers. CRP, IL-6 and TNF-α were individually sensitive to change in 5/11, 3/12 and 5/12 studies respectively. In meta-analyses, there was a positive effect favouring intervention conditions for CRP (SMD = -0.28, p = 0.05) and IL-6 (SMD = -0.28, p = 0.05) but not TNF- α (SMD = -0.12, p = 0.48). There were specific issues with the quality of these studies which were not designed with an inflammatory marker as the primary outcome. In conclusion, interventions that improve frailty and sarcopenia can also reduce CRP, IL-6 and TNF-α but the literature lacks consistency. We are unable to conclude any one marker as being superior to others.
Topics: Humans; Aged; Sarcopenia; Interleukin-6; Frailty; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; Frail Elderly; Cross-Sectional Studies; Inflammation; Biomarkers; C-Reactive Protein
PubMed: 37156445
DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2023.112199 -
Journal of Neuroinflammation May 2023Increasing pre-clinical evidence suggests that aerobic exercise positively modulates neuroimmune responses following traumatic nerve injury. However, meta-analyses on... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
BACKGROUND
Increasing pre-clinical evidence suggests that aerobic exercise positively modulates neuroimmune responses following traumatic nerve injury. However, meta-analyses on neuroimmune outcomes are currently still lacking. This study aimed to synthesize the pre-clinical literature on the effects of aerobic exercise on neuroimmune responses following peripheral nerve injury.
METHODS
MEDLINE (via Pubmed), EMBASE and Web of Science were searched. Controlled experimental studies on the effect of aerobic exercise on neuroimmune responses in animals with a traumatically induced peripheral neuropathy were considered. Study selection, risk of bias assessment and data extraction were performed independently by two reviewers. Results were analyzed using random effects models and reported as standardized mean differences. Outcome measures were reported per anatomical location and per class of neuro-immune substance.
RESULTS
The literature search resulted in 14,590 records. Forty studies were included, reporting 139 comparisons of neuroimmune responses at various anatomical locations. All studies had an unclear risk of bias. Compared to non-exercised animals, meta-analyses showed the following main differences in exercised animals: (1) in the affected nerve, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) levels were lower (p = 0.003), while insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) (p < 0.001) and Growth Associated Protein 43 (GAP43) (p = 0.01) levels were higher; (2) At the dorsal root ganglia, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF)/BDNF mRNA levels (p = 0.004) and nerve growth factor (NGF)/NGF mRNA (p < 0.05) levels were lower; (3) in the spinal cord, BDNF levels (p = 0.006) were lower; at the dorsal horn, microglia (p < 0.001) and astrocyte (p = 0.005) marker levels were lower; at the ventral horn, astrocyte marker levels (p < 0.001) were higher, and several outcomes related to synaptic stripping were favorably altered; (4) brainstem 5-HT2A receptor levels were higher (p = 0.001); (5) in muscles, BDNF levels (p < 0.001) were higher and TNF-α levels lower (p < 0.05); (6) no significant differences were found for systemic neuroimmune responses in blood or serum.
CONCLUSION
This review revealed widespread positive modulatory effects of aerobic exercise on neuroimmune responses following traumatic peripheral nerve injury. These changes are in line with a beneficial influence on pro-inflammatory processes and increased anti-inflammatory responses. Given the small sample sizes and the unclear risk of bias of the studies, results should be interpreted with caution.
Topics: Animals; Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor; Nerve Growth Factor; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; Peripheral Nerve Injuries; Spinal Cord Dorsal Horn; Exercise; RNA, Messenger
PubMed: 37138291
DOI: 10.1186/s12974-023-02777-y -
Frontiers in Immunology 2023Inflammation serves as an essential driver of liver cirrhosis (LC) incidence. Accordingly, a meta-analysis was carried out to explore the association between specific... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
BACKGROUND
Inflammation serves as an essential driver of liver cirrhosis (LC) incidence. Accordingly, a meta-analysis was carried out to explore the association between specific polymorphisms in the interferon-γ () and tumor necrosis factor-α () genes and the incidence of LC based on comparisons of genotype and allele frequencies.
OBJECTIVES
To study the relationship between rs361525 and rs2430561 polymorphisms and the risk of LC.
METHODS
A database search was performed for all studies published as of September 10, 2022. The strength of risk relationships was assessed based on odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs).
RESULTS
Pooled analyses were conducted for one common polymorphism (rs361525) as well as one common polymorphism (rs2430561). Both of these SNPs were identified as LC-related risk factors. Specifically, rs361525 was related to LC incidence in both alcoholic liver cirrhosis (OR: 1.86, 95%CI: 1.03-3.34) and hepatitis B virus (HBV)-related cirrhosis cases (OR: 1.44, 95%CI: 1.00-2.06) when using an allelic contrast model. Moreover, rs2430561 was significantly related to LC in an Asian population (OR: 1.45, 95%CI: 1.13-1.86) and in the context of HBV-related cirrhosis (OR: 1.48, 95%CI: 1.13-1.93) when using an allelic contrast model.
CONCLUSION
These findings indicate that rs361525 and rs2430561 represent LC-related risk factors, although additional large-scale clinical and case-control studies will be vital to confirm these results.
Topics: Humans; Fibrosis; Genetic Predisposition to Disease; Hepatitis B virus; Interferon-gamma; Liver Cirrhosis; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha
PubMed: 37122734
DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1129767 -
Medicina Oral, Patologia Oral Y Cirugia... Sep 2023Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is gradually increasing its incidence in our society. Unfortunately, this entity is diagnosed at an advanced stage in most patients,... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
BACKGROUND
Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is gradually increasing its incidence in our society. Unfortunately, this entity is diagnosed at an advanced stage in most patients, a fact that implies greater difficulty in its treatment and a worse prognosis. This systematic review aims to assess whether the cytokines IL-6, IL-8 and TNF-α are potential salivary biomarkers that allow early diagnosis of cancer.
MATERIAL AND METHODS
An electronic search was performed in three databases (Pubmed, Scopus and Web of Science). We used the following keywords: "salivary cytokines", "saliva cytokines", "salivary interleukins", "biomarkers", "oral squamous cell carcinoma" and "diagnosis", combined with the Boolean operators "AND" and "OR".
RESULTS
128 publications were found and finally 23 articles were included in the review and 15 in the meta-analysis. It has been observed that the majority of OSCC patients express higher salivary concentrations of IL-6, IL-8 and TNF-α compared to the control (CL) and premalignant lesion (OPML) groups. It has also been observed that the different premalignant lesions do not have statistically significant differences in the salivary concentration of the cytokines, and on the other hand, differences have been observed between the different TNM stages. The meta-analysis has shown that the difference in concentration of IL-6, IL-8 and TNF-α is statistically significant between the CL group and the OSCC, and also between the CL group and OPML.
CONCLUSIONS
There is sufficient evidence to affirm that IL-6, IL-8 and TNF-α are useful salivary cytokines in the early diagnosis and prognosis of OSCC. Although future studies are necessary to establish greater reliability of these biomarkers and thus be able to develop a valid diagnostic test.
Topics: Humans; Cytokines; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; Interleukin-6; Interleukin-8; Reproducibility of Results; Biomarkers, Tumor; Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Head and Neck; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell; Mouth Neoplasms; Prognosis; Head and Neck Neoplasms; Saliva
PubMed: 37099710
DOI: 10.4317/medoral.25889 -
Clinical and Experimental Medicine Nov 2023Some human polymorphisms of ACE1, ACE2, IFITM3, TMPRSS2 and TNFα genes may have an effect on the susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2 infection and increase the risk to develop... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
Genetic polymorphisms of ACE1, ACE2, IFTM3, TMPRSS2 and TNFα genes associated with susceptibility and severity of SARS-CoV-2 infection: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
BACKGROUND
Some human polymorphisms of ACE1, ACE2, IFITM3, TMPRSS2 and TNFα genes may have an effect on the susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2 infection and increase the risk to develop severe COVID-19. We conducted a systematic review of current evidence to investigate the association of genetic variants of these genes with the susceptibility to virus infection and patient prognosis.
METHODS
We systematically searched Medline, Embase and The Cochrane Library for articles published until May 2022, and included observational studies covering genetic association of ACE1, ACE2, IFITM3, TMPRSS2 and TNFα genes with COVID-19 susceptibility or prognosis. We evaluated the methodological quality of included studies, and pooled data as convenient in meta-analysis (MA). Odds ratio (OR) values and 95% confidence intervals were calculated.
RESULTS
We included 35 studies (20 on ACE, 5 each on IFITM3, TMPRSS2, TNFα), enrolling 21,452 participants, of them 9401 were COVID-19 confirmed cases. ACE1 rs4646994 and rs1799752, ACE2 rs2285666, TMPRSS2 rs12329760, IFITM3 rs12252 and TNFα rs1800629 were identifies as common polymorphisms. Our MA showed an association between genetic polymorphisms and susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2 infection for IFITM3 rs12252 CC (OR 5.67) and CT (OR 1.64) genotypes. Furthermore, MA uncovered that both ACE DD (OR 1.27) and IFITM3 CC (OR 2.26) genotypes carriers had a significantly increased risk of developing severe COVID-19.
DISCUSSION
These results provide a critical evaluation of genetic polymorphisms as predictors in SARS-CoV-2 infection. ACE1 DD and IFITM3 CC polymorphisms would lead to a genetic predisposition for severe lung injury in patients with COVID-19.
Topics: Humans; Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2; COVID-19; Membrane Proteins; Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A; Polymorphism, Genetic; RNA-Binding Proteins; SARS-CoV-2; Serine Endopeptidases; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha
PubMed: 37055652
DOI: 10.1007/s10238-023-01038-9 -
Experimental Gerontology Jun 2023Ageing is associated with several physiological changes, including changes in the immune system. Age-related changes in the innate and adaptive immune system are thought... (Review)
Review
INTRODUCTION
Ageing is associated with several physiological changes, including changes in the immune system. Age-related changes in the innate and adaptive immune system are thought to contribute to frailty. Understanding the immunological determinants of frailty could help to develop and deliver more effective care to older people. This systematic review aims to study the association between biomarkers of the ageing immune system and frailty.
METHODS
The search strategy was performed in PubMed and Embase, using the keywords "immunosenescence", "inflammation", "inflammaging" and "frailty". We included studies that investigated the association of biomarkers of the ageing immune system and frailty cross-sectionally in older adults, without an active disease that affects immune parameters. Three independent researchers selected the studies and performed data extraction. Study quality was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa scale adapted for cross-sectional studies.
RESULTS
A total of 44 studies, with a median number of 184 participants, was included. Study quality was good in 16 (36 %), moderate in 25 (57 %) and poor in 3 (7 %) of studies. The most frequently studied inflammaging biomarkers were IL-6, CRP and TNF-α. Associations with frailty were observed for increased levels of (i) IL-6 in 12 of 24 studies, (ii) CRP in 7 of 19 studies, and (ii) TNF-α in 4 of 13 studies. In none of the other studies were associations observed of frailty with these biomarkers. Different types of T-lymphocyte subpopulations were studied but each subset was studied only once, and the study sample sizes were low.
CONCLUSION
Our review of 44 studies on the relation between immune biomarkers and frailty identified IL-6 and CRP as the biomarkers that were most consistently associated with frailty. T-lymphocyte subpopulations were investigated but too infrequently to draw strong conclusions yet, although initial results are promising. Additional studies are required in order to further validate these immune biomarkers in larger cohorts. Furthermore, prospective studies in more uniform settings and larger cohorts are needed to further investigate the association with immune candidate biomarkers for which potential associations with ageing and frailty were previously observed, before these can be used in clinical practice to help assess frailty and improve the care treatments of older patients.
Topics: Humans; Aged; Prospective Studies; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; Cross-Sectional Studies; Interleukin-6; Aging; Frailty; Biomarkers; Immune System; Frail Elderly
PubMed: 37028607
DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2023.112163 -
The Journal of Headache and Pain Apr 2023The role of inflammation and cytokines in the pathophysiology of primary headache disorders is uncertain. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
BACKGROUND
The role of inflammation and cytokines in the pathophysiology of primary headache disorders is uncertain. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to synthesise the results of studies comparing peripheral blood cytokine levels between patients with migraine, tension-type headache, cluster headache, or new daily persistent headache (NDPH), and healthy controls; and in migraine between the ictal and interictal stages.
METHODS
We searched PubMed/Medline and Embase from inception until July 2022. We included original research studies which measured unstimulated levels of any cytokines in peripheral blood using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay or similar assay. We assessed risk of bias using the Newcastle-Ottawa Quality Assessment Scale. We used random effects meta-analysis with inverse variance weighted average to calculate standardised mean difference (SMD), 95% confidence intervals, and heterogeneity for each comparison. This study is registered with PROSPERO (registration number CRD42023393363). No funding was received for this study.
RESULTS
Thirty-eight studies, including 1335 patients with migraine (32 studies), 302 with tension-type headache (nine studies), 42 with cluster headache (two studies), and 1225 healthy controls met inclusion criteria. Meta-analysis showed significantly higher interleukin (IL)-6 (SMD 1.07, 95% CI 0.40-1.73, p = 0.002), tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-α (SMD 0.61, 95% CI 0.14-1.09, p = 0.01), and IL-8 (SMD 1.56, 95% CI 0.03-3.09, p = 0.04), in patients with migraine compared to healthy controls, and significantly higher interleukin-1β (IL-1β) (SMD 0.34, 95% CI 0.06-0.62, p = 0.02) during the ictal phase of migraine compared to the interictal phase. Transforming growth factor (TGF)-β (SMD 0.52, 95% CI 0.18-0.86, p = 0.003) and TNF-α (SMD 0.64, 95% CI 0.33-0.96, p = 0.0001) were both higher in patients with tension-type headache than controls.
CONCLUSIONS
The higher levels of the proinflammatory cytokines IL-6, IL-8 and TNF-α in migraine compared to controls, and IL-1β during the ictal stage, suggest a role for inflammation in the pathophysiology of migraine, however prospective studies are required to confirm causality and investigate the mechanisms for the increase in cytokine levels identified. Cytokines may also have a role in tension-type headache. Due a lack of data, no conclusions can be made regarding cluster headache or NDPH.
Topics: Humans; Cytokines; Tension-Type Headache; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; Cluster Headache; Interleukin-8; Migraine Disorders; Inflammation
PubMed: 37016284
DOI: 10.1186/s10194-023-01572-7 -
Annals of Medicine Dec 2023Determining tumor necrosis factor-alpha inhibitors (anti-TNF-α) failure is still a challenge in the management of moderate-to-severe psoriasis. Thus, our comprehensive...
BACKGROUND
Determining tumor necrosis factor-alpha inhibitors (anti-TNF-α) failure is still a challenge in the management of moderate-to-severe psoriasis. Thus, our comprehensive systematic literature review aimed to gather information on the criteria used to define anti-TNF-α failure. We also aimed to discover the main reasons for anti-TNF-α failure and define subsequently administered treatments.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
We conducted a systematic review following review and reporting guidelines (Cochrane and PRISMA). International (Medline/PubMed and Cochrane Library) and Spanish databases (MEDES, IBECS), and gray literature were consulted to identify publications issued until April 2021 in English or Spanish.
RESULTS
Our search yielded 58 publications. Of these, 37 (63.8%) described the criteria used to define anti-TNF-α primary or secondary failure. Criteria varied across studies, although around 60% considered Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI)-50 criteria. Nineteen (32.8%) reported the reasons for treatment failure, including the lack or loss of efficacy and safety-related problems, mainly infections. Finally, 29 (50%) publications outlined the treatments administered after anti-TNF-α: 62.5% reported a switch to another anti-TNF-α and 37.5% to interleukin (IL)-inhibitors.
UNLABELLED
Our findings suggest a need to standardize the management of anti-TNF-α failure and reflect the incorporation of new targets, such as IL-inhibitors, in the treatment sequence.KEY MESSAGESIn the treatment of psoriasis, the primary and secondary anti-TNF-α failure criteria differ widely in the scientific literature.The strictest efficacy criteria for defining anti-TNF-α failure, or those recommended by guidelines such as PASI75, were underused both in clinical trials and observational studies.Most studies failed to consider patient-reported outcomes in assessing psoriasis treatment efficacy, which contrasts with recent recommendations on the inclusion of patient-reported HRQoL as a supporting criterion when considering clinical outcomes.
Topics: Humans; Antibodies, Monoclonal; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; Tumor Necrosis Factor Inhibitors; Psoriasis; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 37014135
DOI: 10.1080/07853890.2023.2192957