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Biomedicines Jul 2021Interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome (IC/BPS) is a multifactorial, chronic bladder disorder with limited therapeutic options currently available. The present... (Review)
Review
Interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome (IC/BPS) is a multifactorial, chronic bladder disorder with limited therapeutic options currently available. The present review provides an extensive overview of therapeutic approaches used in in vitro, ex vivo, and in vivo experimental models of IC/BPS. Publications were identified by electronic search of three online databases. Data were extracted for study design, type of treatment, main findings, and outcome, as well as for methodological quality and the reporting of measures to avoid bias. A total of 100 full-text articles were included. The majority of identified articles evaluated therapeutic agents currently recommended to treat IC/BPS by the American Urological Association guidelines (21%) and therapeutic agents currently approved to treat other diseases (11%). More recently published articles assessed therapeutic approaches using stem cells (11%) and plant-derived agents (10%), while novel potential drug targets identified were proteinase-activated (6%) and purinergic (4%) receptors, transient receptor potential channels (3%), microRNAs (2%), and activation of the cannabinoid system (7%). Our results show that the reported methodological quality of animal studies could be substantially improved, and measures to avoid bias should be more consistently reported in order to increase the value of preclinical research in IC/BPS for potential translation to a clinical setting.
PubMed: 34440069
DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9080865 -
Bioscience Reports Feb 2021Both meta-analyses and systematic reviews were used to assess the relationship between purinergic receptor P2X ligand-gated ion channel 7 (P2RX7) rs3751143 polymorphism... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
BACKGROUND
Both meta-analyses and systematic reviews were used to assess the relationship between purinergic receptor P2X ligand-gated ion channel 7 (P2RX7) rs3751143 polymorphism and the risk of cancer.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
The data used in this research were collected from Google Scholar, Web of Science, CNKI, and Wan Fang Data databases. The final retrieval ended on 22 February 2019. The strength of correlation was assessed using odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals. Based on the heterogeneity test results, fixed-effect (Mantel-Haenszel) or random-effects (DerSimonian-Laird) models were selected to summarise the collective effects.
RESULTS
Eight separate studies containing 1462 cancer cases and 3037 controls were enrolled. Overall, there was no significant association between P2RX7 rs3751143 polymorphism and the risk of cancer in the allelic, homozygous, heterozygous, dominant, or recessive models.
CONCLUSIONS
Our meta-analysis indicates that there is no significant association between P2RX7 rs3751143 polymorphism and the risk of cancer in the allelic, homozygous, heterozygous, dominant, and recessive models.
Topics: Genetic Predisposition to Disease; Humans; Neoplasms; Polymorphism, Genetic; Receptors, Purinergic P2X7
PubMed: 33501930
DOI: 10.1042/BSR20193877 -
BMC Cardiovascular Disorders Oct 2020This meta-analysis aimed to compare the effects of prasugrel and ticagrelor on high (HTPR) and low on-treatment platelet reactivity (LTPR) in patients with acute... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
BACKGROUND
This meta-analysis aimed to compare the effects of prasugrel and ticagrelor on high (HTPR) and low on-treatment platelet reactivity (LTPR) in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS).
METHODS
Eligible studies were retrieved from PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library. HTPR and LTPR were evaluated on the basis of the vasodilator-stimulated phosphoprotein platelet reactivity index (VASP-PRI) and P2Y12 reaction units (PRUs). HTPR and LTPR were analyzed using risk ratios (RRs) and their 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Weighted mean difference (WMD) and 95% CI were used to calculate the pooled effect size of platelet reactivity (PR).
RESULTS
Fourteen eligible studies were obtained, which included 2629 patients treated with ticagrelor (n = 1340) and prasugrel (n = 1289). The pooled results showed that the prasugrel-treated patients had higher platelet reactivity than the ticagrelor-treated patients (PRU: WMD = - 32.26; 95% CI: - 56.48 to - 8.76; P < 0.01; VASP-PRI: WMD = - 9.61; 95% CI: - 14.63 to - 4.60; P = 0.002). No significant difference in HTPR based on PRU was identified between the ticagrelor and prasugrel groups (P = 0.71), whereas a lower HTPR based on VASP-PRI was found in the ticagrelor-treated patients than in the prasugrel-treated patients (RR = 0.30; 95% CI: 0.12-0.75; P = 0.010). In addition, the results showed a lower LTPR was observed in the prasugrel group than in the ticagrelor group (RR = 1.40; 95% CI: 1.08-1.81; P = 0.01).
CONCLUSIONS
Prasugrel might enable higher platelet reactivity than ticagrelor. Ticagrelor could lead to a decrease in HTPR and increase in LTPR. However, this result was only obtained in pooled observational studies. Several uncertainties such as the nondeterminancy of the effectiveness of ticagrelor estimated using VASP-PRI or the definition of HTPR (a high or modifiable risk factor) might have affected our results.
Topics: Acute Coronary Syndrome; Aged; Blood Platelets; Cell Adhesion Molecules; Female; Humans; Male; Microfilament Proteins; Middle Aged; Phosphoproteins; Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors; Platelet Function Tests; Prasugrel Hydrochloride; Purinergic P2Y Receptor Antagonists; Receptors, Purinergic P2Y12; Ticagrelor; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 33004000
DOI: 10.1186/s12872-020-01603-0 -
Clinical Cardiology Mar 2020The optimal antiplatelet therapy after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) remains to be elucidated. Monotherapy with a P2Y12 inhibitor may be inferior to dual... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
The optimal antiplatelet therapy after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) remains to be elucidated. Monotherapy with a P2Y12 inhibitor may be inferior to dual antiplatelet therapy in patients after PCI. PubMed, EMBASE (by Ovidsp), Web of Science, and The Cochrane Library were searched from database inception to 2 October 2019. The composite of cardiovascular outcomes, all-cause mortality, myocardial infarction (MI), stroke, stent thrombosis, and major bleeding were evaluated. Pooled outcomes were presented as relative risk (RR) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). A total of four trials randomizing 29 089 participants were included. Compared with the dual antiplatelet therapy group (n = 14 559), the P2Y12 inhibitor monotherapy group (n = 14 530) significantly decreased the incidence of bleeding events (2.0% vs 3.1%; RR: 0.60; 95% CI: 0.43-0.84; P = .005). There were no significant differences in all-cause mortality (1.3% vs 1.5%; RR: 0.87; 95% CI, 0.71-1.06; P = .16), myocardial infarction (2.1% vs 1.9%; RR, 1.06; 95% CI, 0.90-1.25; P = .46), stroke (0.6% vs 0.5%; RR, 1.18; 95% CI, 0.67-2.07; P = .57), or stent thrombosis (0.5% vs 0.4%; RR, 1.14; 95% CI, 0.81-1.61; P = .44) between the two groups. P2Y12 inhibitor monotherapy did not show any significant difference in the adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular events, but markedly decreased the risk of bleeding among patients after PCI vs dual antiplatelet therapy. However, it still needs to be further confirmed due to limited data.
Topics: Aged; Blood Platelets; Coronary Artery Disease; Coronary Thrombosis; Female; Hemorrhage; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Myocardial Infarction; Percutaneous Coronary Intervention; Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors; Purinergic P2Y Receptor Antagonists; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; Receptors, Purinergic P2Y12; Risk Assessment; Risk Factors; Stents; Stroke; Time Factors; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 31777973
DOI: 10.1002/clc.23305 -
Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) Jun 2019Background and : Several studies inspected the impact of polymorphisms on individual susceptibility to tuberculosis (TB), but the findings are still controversial and... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
Background and : Several studies inspected the impact of polymorphisms on individual susceptibility to tuberculosis (TB), but the findings are still controversial and inconclusive. To achieve a more precise estimation, we conducted a meta-analysis of all eligible studies on the association between polymorphisms and TB risk. Relevant studies were identified by searching the PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus and Google scholar databases up to November 2018. Twenty-four full-text articles were included in our meta-analysis. The strength of association between polymorphisms and TB risk was evaluated by odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) under five genetic models. The findings of this meta-analysis revealed that the rs3751143 variant significantly increased the risk of TB in heterozygous codominant (OR = 1.44, 95%CI = 1.17-1.78, = 0.0006, AC vs. AA), homozygous codominant (OR = 1.87, 95% CI = 1.40-2.49, = 0.0004, CC vs. AA), dominant (OR = 1.50, 95% CI = 1.22-1.85, = 0.0002, AC + CC vs. AA), recessive (OR = 1.61, 95% CI = 1.25-2.07, = 0.001, CC vs. AC + AA), and allele (OR = 1.41, 95% CI = 1.19-1.67, < 0.0001, C vs. A) genetic models. Stratified analysis showed that rs3751143 increased the risk of pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) and extrapulmonary tuberculosis (EPTB) in all genetic models. Furthermore, the rs3751143 increased risk of TB in the Asian population. The findings did not support an association between the rs2393799, rs1718119, rs208294, rs7958311, and rs2230911 polymorphisms of and TB risk. The findings of this meta-analysis suggest that rs3751143 polymorphism may play a role in susceptibility to TB in the Asian population. More well-designed studies are required to elucidate the exact role of polymorphisms on TB development.
Topics: Case-Control Studies; Chi-Square Distribution; Genetic Predisposition to Disease; Humans; Odds Ratio; Polymorphism, Genetic; Receptors, Purinergic P2X7; Risk Adjustment; Risk Factors; Tuberculosis
PubMed: 31234470
DOI: 10.3390/medicina55060298 -
Impact of Genetic Variability on Physiological Responses to Caffeine in Humans: A Systematic Review.Nutrients Sep 2018Emerging research has demonstrated that genetic variation may impact physiological responses to caffeine consumption. The purpose of the present review was to...
Emerging research has demonstrated that genetic variation may impact physiological responses to caffeine consumption. The purpose of the present review was to systematically recognize how select single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) impact habitual use of caffeine as well as the ergogenic and anxiogenic consequences of caffeine. Two databases (PubMed and EBSCO) were independently searched using the same algorithm. Selected studies involved human participants and met at least one of the following inclusion criteria: (a) genetic analysis of individuals who habitually consume caffeine; (b) genetic analysis of individuals who underwent measurements of physical performance with the consumption of caffeine; (c) genetic analysis of individuals who underwent measurements of mood with the consumption of caffeine. We included 26 studies (10 randomized controlled trials, five controlled trials, seven cross-sectional studies, three single-group interventional studies and one case-control study). Single nucleotide polymorphisms in or near the cytochrome P450 () and aryl hydrocarbon receptor () genes were consistently associated with caffeine consumption. Several studies demonstrated that the anxiogenic consequences of caffeine differed across adenosine 2a receptor () genotypes, and the studies that investigated the effects of genetic variation on the ergogenic benefit of caffeine reported equivocal findings () or warrant replication ().
Topics: Adult; Anxiety; Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Transcription Factors; Caffeine; Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A2; Female; Genotype; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Performance-Enhancing Substances; Pharmacogenomic Variants; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; Receptor, Adenosine A2A; Receptors, Aryl Hydrocarbon
PubMed: 30257492
DOI: 10.3390/nu10101373 -
Progress in Neuro-psychopharmacology &... Mar 2015Uric acid and purines (such as adenosine) regulate mood, sleep, activity, appetite, cognition, memory, convulsive threshold, social interaction, drive, and impulsivity.... (Review)
Review
Uric acid and purines (such as adenosine) regulate mood, sleep, activity, appetite, cognition, memory, convulsive threshold, social interaction, drive, and impulsivity. A link between purinergic dysfunction and mood disorders was first proposed a century ago. Interestingly, a recent nationwide population-based study showed elevated risk of gout in subjects with bipolar disorder (BD), and a recent meta-analysis and systematic review of placebo-controlled trials of adjuvant purinergic modulators confirmed their benefits in bipolar mania. Uric acid may modulate energy and activity levels, with higher levels associated with higher energy and BD spectrum. Several recent genetic studies suggest that the purinergic system - particularly the modulation of P1 and P2 receptor subtypes - plays a role in mood disorders, lending credence to this model. Nucleotide concentrations can be measured using brain spectroscopy, and ligands for in vivo positron emission tomography (PET) imaging of adenosine (P1) receptors have been developed, thus allowing potential target engagement studies. This review discusses the key role of the purinergic system in the pathophysiology of mood disorders. Focusing on this promising therapeutic target may lead to the development of therapies with antidepressant, mood stabilization, and cognitive effects.
Topics: Adenosine; Adenosine Triphosphate; Animals; Biomarkers; Guanosine; Humans; Models, Neurological; Molecular Targeted Therapy; Mood Disorders; Neuroimaging; Psychotropic Drugs; Receptors, Purinergic
PubMed: 25445063
DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2014.10.016