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Acta Odontologica Scandinavica Apr 2024This study aims to compare the clinical efficacy of simple bone grafting and bone grafting combined with guided tissue regeneration (GTR) in periodontal regenerative... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Comparative Study
OBJECTIVE
This study aims to compare the clinical efficacy of simple bone grafting and bone grafting combined with guided tissue regeneration (GTR) in periodontal regenerative therapy.
METHODS
The authors systematically searched PubMed, the Web of Science, The National Library of Medicine, the China National Knowledge Infrastructure database and the Wanfang database and collected randomized controlled trials relating to bone graft co-guided tissue regeneration. The retrieval was conducted between January 1990 and December 2022. This study included relevant literature about the clinical efficacy of bone grafting combined with GTR according to the population, intervention, control and outcomes principle and excluded studies using other materials in addition to bone graft and membrane materials. After independently screening the literature, extracting the data and evaluating the risk of bias in the included studies, data analysis was performed using RevMan 5.3 software. Results: Eighteen studies met the inclusion criteria, and, after further evaluation, a total of 327 teeth that were featured in 15 articles were finally included for meta-analysis. The meta-analysis showed that there was no significant statistical difference in clinical attachment level, probing depth and bone gain between the test group (bone grafting with GTR) and the control group (bone grafting only) at 6 months after the operation (p > 0.05). In terms of gingival recession (GR), the use of non-resorbable membranes produced more recession in the test group compared with the control group (p < 0.05), whereas the use of resorbable membranes produced less recession (p < 0.05).
CONCLUSION
Both simple bone grafting and bone grafting combined with membrane materials have good clinical efficacy in periodontal regenerative therapy, and no significant difference in clinical efficacy is indicated between the two, with the exception of GR.
Topics: Humans; Guided Tissue Regeneration, Periodontal; Bone Transplantation; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 38646940
DOI: 10.2340/aos.v83.40255 -
Primary Care Diabetes Jun 2024This study will explore the effectiveness of fish skin grafts (FSG) in ulcer healing in diabetic foot disease compared to standard of care (SOC). (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
INTRODUCTION
This study will explore the effectiveness of fish skin grafts (FSG) in ulcer healing in diabetic foot disease compared to standard of care (SOC).
METHODS
The systematic review and meta-analysis were performed following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) standard. The electronic databases of PubMed, EMBASE, and Web of Science (WoS) internet were searched for the outcome rate of complete ulcer healing. The risk of bias assessment was conducted using the tool recommended by the Cochrane Collaboration. Statistical analysis included the individual and combined result of the studies, heterogeneity test, the effect size, sensitivity analysis, and publication bias tests.
RESULTS
Five randomised controlled trials (RCTs) with a total of 411 patients were included in this study. This meta-analysis showed a higher rate of complete ulcer healing in groups receiving fish skin grafts (OR = 3.34, 95% CI 2.14-5.20, p < 0.01, I = 0%) compared to control groups.
CONCLUSION
Fish skin grafts have been shown to be more effective for achieving complete ulcer healing compared to current conventional treatments in diabetic foot disease.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Animals; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Chronic Disease; Diabetic Foot; Fishes; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; Risk Factors; Skin Transplantation; Standard of Care; Time Factors; Treatment Outcome; Wound Healing
PubMed: 38644082
DOI: 10.1016/j.pcd.2024.03.008 -
Frontiers in Neurology 2024Artificial intelligence (AI) technology has made breakthroughs in spinal cord neural injury and restoration in recent years. It has a positive impact on clinical...
BACKGROUND
Artificial intelligence (AI) technology has made breakthroughs in spinal cord neural injury and restoration in recent years. It has a positive impact on clinical treatment. This study explores AI research's progress and hotspots in spinal cord neural injury and restoration. It also analyzes research shortcomings related to this area and proposes potential solutions.
METHODS
We used CiteSpace 6.1.R6 and VOSviewer 1.6.19 to research WOS articles on AI research in spinal cord neural injury and restoration.
RESULTS
A total of 1,502 articles were screened, in which the United States dominated; Kadone, Hideki (13 articles, University of Tsukuba, JAPAN) was the author with the highest number of publications; ARCH PHYS MED REHAB (IF = 4.3) was the most cited journal, and topics included molecular biology, immunology, neurology, sports, among other related areas.
CONCLUSION
We pinpointed three research hotspots for AI research in spinal cord neural injury and restoration: (1) intelligent robots and limb exoskeletons to assist rehabilitation training; (2) brain-computer interfaces; and (3) neuromodulation and noninvasive electrical stimulation. In addition, many new hotspots were discussed: (1) starting with image segmentation models based on convolutional neural networks; (2) the use of AI to fabricate polymeric biomaterials to provide the microenvironment required for neural stem cell-derived neural network tissues; (3) AI survival prediction tools, and transcription factor regulatory networks in the field of genetics were discussed. Although AI research in spinal cord neural injury and restoration has many benefits, the technology has several limitations (data and ethical issues). The data-gathering problem should be addressed in future research, which requires a significant sample of quality clinical data to build valid AI models. At the same time, research on genomics and other mechanisms in this field is fragile. In the future, machine learning techniques, such as AI survival prediction tools and transcription factor regulatory networks, can be utilized for studies related to the up-regulation of regeneration-related genes and the production of structural proteins for axonal growth.
PubMed: 38628700
DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2024.1361235 -
Journal of Nanobiotechnology Apr 2024Rare earth nanomaterials (RE NMs), which are based on rare earth elements, have emerged as remarkable biomaterials for use in bone regeneration. The effects of RE NMs on... (Review)
Review
Rare earth nanomaterials (RE NMs), which are based on rare earth elements, have emerged as remarkable biomaterials for use in bone regeneration. The effects of RE NMs on osteogenesis, such as promoting the osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells, have been investigated. However, the contributions of the properties of RE NMs to bone regeneration and their interactions with various cell types during osteogenesis have not been reviewed. Here, we review the crucial roles of the physicochemical and biological properties of RE NMs and focus on their osteogenic mechanisms. RE NMs directly promote the proliferation, adhesion, migration, and osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells. They also increase collagen secretion and mineralization to accelerate osteogenesis. Furthermore, RE NMs inhibit osteoclast formation and regulate the immune environment by modulating macrophages and promote angiogenesis by inducing hypoxia in endothelial cells. These effects create a microenvironment that is conducive to bone formation. This review will help researchers overcome current limitations to take full advantage of the osteogenic benefits of RE NMs and will suggest a potential approach for further osteogenesis research.
Topics: Osteogenesis; Endothelial Cells; Bone Regeneration; Osteoclasts; Nanostructures; Cell Differentiation
PubMed: 38627717
DOI: 10.1186/s12951-024-02442-3 -
Bone Reports Jun 2024Fracture healing poses a significant challenge in orthopedics. Successful regeneration of bone is provided by mechanical stability and a favorable biological... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Fracture healing poses a significant challenge in orthopedics. Successful regeneration of bone is provided by mechanical stability and a favorable biological microenvironment. This systematic review aims to explore the clinical application of orthobiologics in treating aseptic delayed union and non-union of long bones in adults.
METHODS
A systematic review was conducted following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Three databases were explored, with no date restrictions, using keywords related to orthobiologics and delayed union and non-union. Eligible studies included human clinical studies in English, with available full texts, examining orthobiologics such as platelet-rich plasma (PRP), mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), and bone morphogenetic protein (BMPs) for treating aseptic delayed unions and non-unions in adults. Animal studies, in vitro research, and studies on non-unions due to congenital defects, tumors or infections were excluded.
RESULTS
The initial search identified 9417 studies, with 20 ultimately included in the review. These studies involved 493 patients affected by non-union and 256 patients affected by delayed union, with an average age respectively of 40.62 years and 41.7 years. The mean follow-up period was 15.55 months for non-unions and 8.07 months for delayed unions. PRP was the most used orthobiologic, and outcomes were evaluated through time to union, functional scores, and clinical examinations. The results indicated that orthobiologics, especially PRP, tended to yield better outcomes compared to surgical procedures without biological factors.
CONCLUSION
This systematic review suggests that orthobiologics, such as PRP, BMPs, and MSCs, can be effective and safe in the management of delayed union and non-union fractures. These biological treatments have the potential to improve union rates, reduce healing times, and enhance functional outcomes in patients with non-union fractures. Further research is essential to refine treatment protocols and determine the most suitable orthobiologic for specific patient populations and fracture types.
PubMed: 38618008
DOI: 10.1016/j.bonr.2024.101760 -
Medicina Oral, Patologia Oral Y Cirugia... Apr 2024Apicomarginal lesions affect the root apex and root surface concurrently and reduce the success rate in periapical surgery. The purpose of this systematic review was to...
BACKGROUND
Apicomarginal lesions affect the root apex and root surface concurrently and reduce the success rate in periapical surgery. The purpose of this systematic review was to analyze the published literature on the surgical treatment of apicomarginal lesions in periapical surgery.
MATERIAL AND METHODS
A systematic review was conducted on PRISMA statement. Three data bases (PubMed-Medline, Scopus, and Embase) were searched up to March 2023. The inclusion criteria for this systematic review encompass studies pertaining to apicomarginal lesions and their surgical treatment, both preclinical and clinical in nature (including randomized trials, prospective, and retrospective observational trials), without any language or time limitations. Exclusion criteria encompass studies with duplicated population data, no description of the surgical treatment or regenerative material. Different tools for the assessment of bias were applied for each study design Results: A total of 155 articles were searched and 10 were included. Studies on teeth with apicomarginal lesions undergoing periapical surgery showed a high success rate when regenerative techniques were used, resulting in reduced probing depth, increased bone formation on the root surface, increased root cementum formation, and reduced healing by junctional epithelium. Guided tissue regeneration, platelet-rich plasma or fibrin, and enamel matrix derivatives have emerged as alternative treatments offering favorable outcomes.
CONCLUSIONS
The use of regenerative materials in periapical surgery could improve the prognosis of apicomarginal lesions. Future research in this field should aim to standardize classification and healing criteria to enhance comparability across studies and provide more conclusive evidence for optimal treatment approaches.
PubMed: 38615249
DOI: 10.4317/medoral.26405 -
International Journal of Molecular... Mar 2024Dimethyloxalylglycine (DMOG) has been found to stimulate osteogenesis and angiogenesis of stem cells, promoting neo-angiogenesis in bone tissue regeneration. In this... (Review)
Review
Dimethyloxalylglycine (DMOG) has been found to stimulate osteogenesis and angiogenesis of stem cells, promoting neo-angiogenesis in bone tissue regeneration. In this review, we conducted a comprehensive search of the literature to investigate the effects of DMOG on osteogenesis and bone regeneration. We screened the studies based on specific inclusion criteria and extracted relevant information from both in vitro and in vivo experiments. The risk of bias in animal studies was evaluated using the SYRCLE tool. Out of the 174 studies retrieved, 34 studies met the inclusion criteria (34 studies were analyzed in vitro and 20 studies were analyzed in vivo). The findings of the included studies revealed that DMOG stimulated stem cells' differentiation toward osteogenic, angiogenic, and chondrogenic lineages, leading to vascularized bone and cartilage regeneration. Addtionally, DMOG demonstrated therapeutic effects on bone loss caused by bone-related diseases. However, the culture environment in vitro is notably distinct from that in vivo, and the animal models used in vivo experiments differ significantly from humans. In summary, DMOG has the ability to enhance the osteogenic and angiogenic differentiation potential of stem cells, thereby improving bone regeneration in cases of bone defects. This highlights DMOG as a potential focus for research in the field of bone tissue regeneration engineering.
Topics: Animals; Humans; Osteogenesis; Bone Regeneration; Bone Diseases, Metabolic; Stem Cells; Amino Acids, Dicarboxylic
PubMed: 38612687
DOI: 10.3390/ijms25073879 -
Journal of Clinical Medicine Mar 2024Phase II/III randomized clinical trials (RCTs) are vulnerable to many types of bias beyond randomization. Insights into the reporting quality of RCTs involving migraine... (Review)
Review
Phase II/III randomized clinical trials (RCTs) are vulnerable to many types of bias beyond randomization. Insights into the reporting quality of RCTs involving migraine patients treated with monoclonal antibodies targeting the calcitonin gene-related peptide system (anti-CGRP MAbs) are currently lacking. Our aim was to analyze the reporting quality of phase II/III RCTs involving migraine patients treated with anti-CGRP MAbs. A systematic search was performed on the PubMed and EMBASE databases, according to PRISMA guidelines, for relevant RCTs in either episodic or chronic migraine prevention. Additionally, an adapted version of the 2010 CONSORT statement checklist was utilized. The ROBvis online tool was used to document the risk of bias. From the initially identified 179 articles, we finally found 31 RCTs that were eligible for evaluation. The average CONSORT compliance was 88.7% (69.7-100%), while 93.5% (N = 29) of the articles had a compliance greater than 75%. Twenty-eight CONSORT items were reported in more than 75% of the articles. The average compliance of the analyzed RCTs was 93.9% for Galcanezumab, 91.3% for Fremanezumab, followed by 85.4% for Erenumab and Eptinezumab studies. Implementation of the ROB2 tool showed some concerning "missing information" arising from the inadequate reporting. Specifically, 50% of the studies (N = 16) were categorized as having inadequate information regarding the randomization process. Adequate reporting quality was disclosed in the evaluated RCTs with anti-CGRP MAbs in migraine prevention. However, some methodological issues need to be highlighted to be addressed in future studies assessing the efficacy of new molecules targeting CGRP or other candidate pathways implicated in migraine pathophysiology.
PubMed: 38610729
DOI: 10.3390/jcm13071964 -
Burns : Journal of the International... Aug 2024To evaluate the efficacy of therapeutic interventions on pediatric burn patients' height, weight, body composition, and muscle strength. (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
OBJECTIVE
To evaluate the efficacy of therapeutic interventions on pediatric burn patients' height, weight, body composition, and muscle strength.
METHODS
A systematic literature search was conducted in PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science up to March 2021. Eligible interventional studies reported metrics on the height, weight, body composition, or muscle strength of pediatric burn patients in a peer-reviewed journal. Meta-analyses were performed if ≥ 2 trials of clinical homogeneity reported on an outcome measure at the same time point post-burn.
RESULTS
Twenty-six interventional studies were identified, including twenty-two randomised controlled trials and four non-randomised trials. Most studies were conducted by a single institution. On average, the burn covered 45.3% ( ± 9.9) of the total body surface area. Three categories of interventions could be distinguished: rehabilitative exercise programs, pharmacologic agents, and nutrition support.
CONCLUSIONS
Each of the interventions had a positive effect on height, weight, body composition, or muscle strength. The decision to initiate an intervention should be made on a case-by-case basis following careful consideration of the benefits and risks. In future research, it is important to evaluate the heterogeneity of intervention effects and whether participation in an intervention allowed pediatric burn patients to reach the physical and functional status of healthy peers.
Topics: Humans; Burns; Body Composition; Child; Muscle Strength; Body Weight; Body Height; Exercise Therapy; Nutritional Support; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 38580580
DOI: 10.1016/j.burns.2024.03.012 -
The Archives of Bone and Joint Surgery 2024Brachial plexus injuries (BPI), although rare, often results in significant morbidity. Stem cell was thought to be one of BPI treatment modalities because of their... (Review)
Review
OBJECTIVES
Brachial plexus injuries (BPI), although rare, often results in significant morbidity. Stem cell was thought to be one of BPI treatment modalities because of their nerve-forming regeneration potential. Although there is a possibility for the use of mesenchymal stem cells as one of BPI treatment, it is still limited on animal studies. Therefore, this systematic review aimed to analyze the role of mesenchymal stem cells in nerve regeneration in animal models of brachial plexus injury.
METHOD
This study is a systematic review with PROSPERO registration number CRD4202128321. Literature searching was conducted using keywords experimental, animal, brachial plexus injury, mesenchymal stem cell implantation, clinical outcomes, electrophysiological outcomes, and histologic outcomes. Searches were performed in the PubMed, Scopus, and ScienceDirect databases. The risk of bias was assessed using SYRCLE's risk of bias tool for animal studies. The data obtained were described and in-depth analysis was performed.
RESULT
Four studies were included in this study involving 183 animals from different species those are rats and rabbits. There was an increase in muscle weight and shortened initial onset time of muscle contraction in the group treated with stem cells. Electrophysiological results showed that mesenchymal stem cells exhibited higher (Compound muscle action potential) CMAP amplitude and shorter CMAP latency than control but not better than autograft. Histological outcomes showed an increase in axon density, axon number, and the formation of connections between nerve cells and target muscles.
CONCLUSION
Mesenchymal stem cell implantation to animals with brachial plexus injury showed its ability to regenerate nerve cells as evidenced by clinical, electrophysiological, and histopathological results. However, this systematic study involved experimental animals from various species so that the results cannot be uniformed, and conclusion should be drawn cautiously.
PubMed: 38577510
DOI: 10.22038/ABJS.2024.68053.3224