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Frontiers in Immunology 2024This systematic review aimed to verify whether there is evidence of an association between apical periodontitis and the presence of systemic biomarkers. This study...
UNLABELLED
This systematic review aimed to verify whether there is evidence of an association between apical periodontitis and the presence of systemic biomarkers. This study adhered to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses - PRISMA. For this, the acronym PECO was used; population (P) of adult humans exposed (E) to the presence of apical periodontitis, compared (C) to adult humans without apical periodontitis, and the outcome (O) of the presence of biomarkers was observed. The articles were searched in PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, LILACS, Cochrane Library, OpenGray, and Google Scholar grey databases. Subsequently, studies were excluded based on title, abstract, and full article reading, following the eligibility criteria. The methodological quality of the selected studies was evaluated using the Newcastle-Ottawa qualifier. After exclusion, 656 studies were identified, resulting in 17 final articles that were divided into case-control, cross-sectional, and cohort studies. Eight studies were considered to have a low risk of bias, one had a medium risk of bias, and eight had a high risk of bias. In addition, 12 articles evaluated biomarkers in blood plasma, four evaluated them in saliva, and only one evaluated them in gingival crevicular fluid. The results of these studies indicated an association between apical periodontitis and the systemic presence of biomarkers. These markers are mainly related to inflammation, such as interleukins IL-1, IL-2, and IL-6, oxidative markers, such as nitric oxide and superoxide anions, and immunoglobulins IgG and IgM.
SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION
https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/, identifier (CRD42023493959).
Topics: Humans; Biomarkers; Periapical Periodontitis
PubMed: 38840914
DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1366954 -
PloS One 2024This study aimed to evaluate the intervention effect of curcumin on hepatic fibrosis in rodent models through systematic review and meta-analysis, in order to provide... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
OBJECTIVE
This study aimed to evaluate the intervention effect of curcumin on hepatic fibrosis in rodent models through systematic review and meta-analysis, in order to provide meaningful guidance for clinical practice.
METHODS
A systematic retrieval of relevant studies on curcumin intervention in rats or mice hepatic fibrosis models was conducted, and the data were extracted. The outcome indicators included liver cell structure and function related indicators, such as alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), albumin (ALB), ratio of albumin to globulin (A/G), total bilirubin (TBIL), bax protein, bcl-2 protein and index of liver, as well as the relevant indicators for evaluating the degree of hepatic fibrosis, such as hyaluronic acid (HA), laminin (LN), type I collagen (Collagen I), type III collagen (Collagen III), type III procollagen (PCIII), type III procollagen amino terminal peptide (PIIINP), type IV collagen (IV-C), interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), α-Smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), hydroxyproline (HYP), platelet derived factor-BB (PDGF-BB), connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) and transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1), and oxidative stress-related indicators, such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), malondialdehyde (MDA) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px). These results were then analyzed by meta-analysis. Studies were evaluated for methodological quality using the syrcle's bias risk tool.
RESULTS
A total of 59 studies were included in the meta-analysis, and the results showed that curcumin can reduce the levels of ALT, AST, ALP, TBIL, bax protein, and index of liver in hepatic fibrosis models. It can also reduce HA, LN, Collagen I, Collagen III, PCIII, PIIINP, IV-C, TNF-α, α-SMA, HYP, PDGF-BB, CTGF, TGF-β1 and MDA, and increase the levels of ALB, A/G, SOD, and GSH-Px in the hepatic fibrosis models. However, the effects of curcumin on bcl-2 protein, IL-6 in hepatic fibrosis models and index of liver in mice were not statistically significant.
CONCLUSION
The analysis results indicate that curcumin can reduce liver cell apoptosis by maintaining the stability of liver cell membrane, inhibit the activation and proliferation of hepatic stellate cells by reducing inflammatory response, and alleviate tissue peroxidation damage by clearing oxygen free radicals.
Topics: Animals; Liver Cirrhosis; Curcumin; Mice; Rats; Disease Models, Animal; Oxidative Stress; Liver
PubMed: 38781262
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0304176 -
Frontiers in Pharmacology 2023This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of combining diterpene ginkgolide meglumine injection (DGMI) with edaravone for the treatment of acute ischemic stroke. This is...
OBJECTIVE
This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of combining diterpene ginkgolide meglumine injection (DGMI) with edaravone for the treatment of acute ischemic stroke. This is particularly relevant because Western drugs, excluding intravenous thrombolysis, have shown limited success.
METHODS
A comprehensive search was conducted using multiple databases, including PubMed, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, China National Knowledge Infrastructure WanFang, VIP, and Chinese Biomedical Database (CBM) until June 2023. The data were analyzed using fixed-effects and random-effects models in Review Manager. The mean difference with 95% confidence interval was calculated for each outcome.
RESULTS
Eighteen studies involving 1,636 participants were included in the analysis. The DGMI group showed significant reductions in the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score, modified Rankin Scale (mRS) score, and C-reactive protein (CRP) level, compared to the control group. Furthermore, the DGMI group showed a significant improvement in superoxide dismutase (SOD) levels and a reduction in malondialdehyde (MDA) levels. The combination of DGMI and edaravone was more effective in reducing neuron-specific enolase (NSE) levels following brain tissue injury than edaravone alone. Additionally, DGMI complemented edaravone in reducing rheological parameters associated with ischemic stroke, including hematocrit, plasma viscosity, platelet adhesion rate, and erythrocyte deformation index.
CONCLUSION
The combination of DGMI and edaravone significantly improved the therapeutic efficacy in patients with acute ischemic stroke. However, more extensive and high-quality clinical trials are required to validate these underlying mechanisms.
SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION
https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/display_record.php?RecordID=260215, identifier: PROSPERO (CRD42021260215).
PubMed: 38726464
DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1236684 -
Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) Apr 2024Melatonin is an indoleamine with crucial antioxidant properties that are used to combat inflammatory and neoplastic processes, as well as control transplants. However,... (Review)
Review
UNLABELLED
Melatonin is an indoleamine with crucial antioxidant properties that are used to combat inflammatory and neoplastic processes, as well as control transplants. However, the clinical applications of melatonin have not yet been fully consolidated in the literature and require in-depth analysis.
OBJECTIVES
This study reviewed the literature on the antioxidant properties of melatonin in rat models.
METHODS
We followed the guidelines of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses and used the PubMed, LILACS, and Cochrane databases, Google Scholar, and article references, irrespective of publication time.
RESULTS
Ten articles involving 485 rats were selected, and the effects of melatonin on antioxidant markers were investigated. Melatonin increased superoxide dismutase in nine studies, glutathione peroxidase in seven studies, and catalase in five studies. In contrast, melatonin reduced glutathione in three studies and malonaldehyde in seven of eight studies.
CONCLUSION
Our findings suggest that melatonin effectively reduces oxidative stress.
PubMed: 38671887
DOI: 10.3390/antiox13040439 -
Reproductive Biology and Endocrinology... Apr 2024Metformin is an insulin sensitizer that is widely used for the treatment of insulin resistance in polycystic ovary syndrome patients. However, metformin can cause... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
BACKGROUND
Metformin is an insulin sensitizer that is widely used for the treatment of insulin resistance in polycystic ovary syndrome patients. However, metformin can cause gastrointestinal side effects.
PURPOSE
This study showed that the effects of quercetin are comparable to those of metformin. Therefore, this study aimed to systematically evaluate the efficacy of quercetin in treating PCOS.
METHODS
The present systematic search of the Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Wanfang Data Information Site, Chinese Scientific Journals Database (VIP), SinoMed, Web of Science, and PubMed databases was performed from inception until February 2024. The methodological quality was then assessed by SYRCLE's risk of bias tool, and the data were analyzed by RevMan 5.3 software.
RESULTS
Ten studies were included in the meta-analysis. Compared with those in the model group, quercetin in the PCOS group had significant effects on reducing fasting insulin serum (FIS) levels (P = 0.0004), fasting blood glucose (FBG) levels (P = 0.01), HOMA-IR levels (P < 0.00001), cholesterol levels (P < 0.0001), triglyceride levels (P = 0.001), testosterone (T) levels (P < 0.00001), luteinizing hormone (LH) levels (P = 0.0003), the luteinizing hormone/follicle stimulating hormone (LH/FSH) ratio (P = 0.01), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) levels (P < 0.00001), malondialdehyde (MDA) levels (P = 0.03), superoxide dismutase (SOD) levels (P = 0.01) and GLUT4 mRNA expression (P < 0.00001).
CONCLUSION
This meta-analysis suggested that quercetin has positive effects on PCOS treatment. Quercetin can systematically reduce insulin, blood glucose, cholesterol, and triglyceride levels in metabolic pathways. In the endocrine pathway, quercetin can regulate the function of the pituitary-ovarian axis, reduce testosterone and luteinizing hormone (LH) levels, and lower the ratio of LH to follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH). Quercetin can regulate the expression of the GLUT4 gene and has antioxidative effects at the molecular level.
Topics: Female; Animals; Humans; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome; Quercetin; Blood Glucose; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; Luteinizing Hormone; Insulin; Follicle Stimulating Hormone; Metformin; Insulin Resistance; Testosterone; Cholesterol; Triglycerides
PubMed: 38637876
DOI: 10.1186/s12958-024-01220-y -
JPMA. the Journal of the Pakistan... Mar 2024To review the association of surfactant protein-D with type 2 diabetes mellitus, infections, oxidative stress and inflammation, and the changes in oxidative stress...
OBJECTIVE
To review the association of surfactant protein-D with type 2 diabetes mellitus, infections, oxidative stress and inflammation, and the changes in oxidative stress markers in type 2 diabetes mellitus.
METHODS
The systematic review was conducted from April to September 2022, and comprised search on PubMed, Web of Sciences, Scopus, Science Direct and Google Scholar databases for relevant studies published in English language between January 1, 2000, and June 30, 2022. The search was updated in September 2022. After transferring literature to Mendeley, relevant data was extracted from the included studies. Quality assessment for eligible studies was done using Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal Checklist. Quality of evidences was assessed by using Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation tool.
RESULTS
Of the 203 studies identified, 18(8.9%) were analysed; 16(89%) with humans and 2(11%) with animals as subjects There were 5 (31.25%) studies for SP-D, of which 4 (80%) studies reported lower surfactant protein-D in type 2 diabetes mellitus cases than controls. Its significant negative association with glycated haemoglobin was reported by 1(20%) study and 2(40%) studies with fasting blood glucose levels. Higher surfactant protein-D in type 2 diabetes mellitus cases and its positive association with glycated haemoglobin was reported by 1(20%) study. Recurrent infections were frequent in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients. Malondialdehyde level was higher and superoxide dismutase activity was lower in type 2 diabetes mellitus cases, reflecting oxidative stress. Animal studies also showed that reactive oxygen species generating from hypochlorous acid during oxidative stress promoted the formation of non-disulfide linkages in surfactant protein-D structure, resulting in its decreased functionality.
CONCLUSION
Surfactant protein-D, oxidative stress, inflammation and infections were found to be linked to each other for pathogenesis of infections in type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Topics: Animals; Humans; Blood Glucose; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Glycated Hemoglobin; Inflammation; Oxidative Stress; Pulmonary Surfactant-Associated Protein D; Surface-Active Agents
PubMed: 38591293
DOI: 10.47391/JPMA.9977 -
Frontiers in Pharmacology 2024This study aimed to assess the efficacy and safety of saponin (PNS) injection, when combined with conventional treatment (CT), for acute myocardial infarction (AMI)....
This study aimed to assess the efficacy and safety of saponin (PNS) injection, when combined with conventional treatment (CT), for acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Comprehensive searches were conducted in seven databases from inception until 28 September 2023. The search aimed to identify relevant randomized controlled trials (RCTs) focusing on PNS injection in the context of AMI. This meta-analysis adhered to the PRISMA 2020 guidelines, and its protocol was registered with PROSPERO (number: CRD42023480131). Twenty RCTs involving 1,881 patients were included. The meta-analysis revealed that PNS injection, used adjunctively with CT, significantly improved treatment outcomes compared to CT alone, as evidenced by the following points: (1) enhanced total effective rate [OR = 3.09, < 0.05]; (2) decreased incidence of major adverse cardiac events [OR = 0.32, < 0.05]; (3) reduction in myocardial infarct size [MD = -6.53, < 0.05]; (4) lower ST segment elevation amplitude [MD = -0.48, < 0.05]; (5) mitigated myocardial injury as indicated by decreased levels of creatine kinase isoenzymes [MD = -11.19, < 0.05], cardiac troponin T [MD = -3.01, < 0.05], and cardiac troponin I [MD = -10.72, < 0.05]; (6) enhanced cardiac function, reflected in improved brain natriuretic peptide [MD = -91.57, < 0.05], left ventricular ejection fraction [MD = 5.91, < 0.05], left ventricular end-diastolic dimension [MD = -3.08, < 0.05], and cardiac output [MD = 0.53, < 0.05]; (7) reduced inflammatory response, as shown by lower levels of C-reactive protein [MD = -2.99, < 0.05], tumor necrosis factor-α [MD = -6.47, < 0.05], interleukin-6 [MD = -24.46, < 0.05], and pentraxin-3 [MD = -2.26, < 0.05]; (8) improved vascular endothelial function, demonstrated by decreased endothelin-1 [MD = -20.56, < 0.05] and increased nitric oxide [MD = 1.33, < 0.05]; (9) alleviated oxidative stress, evidenced by increased superoxide dismutase levels [MD = 25.84, < 0.05]; (10) no significant difference in adverse events [OR = 1.00, = 1.00]. This study highlighted the efficacy and safety of adjunctive PNS injections in enhancing AMI patient outcomes beyond CT alone. Future RCTs need to solidify these findings through rigorous methods. : (https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/), identifier (CRD42023480131).
PubMed: 38576488
DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1353662 -
Disease Markers 2024The present article aims to comprehensively review the existing literature on superoxide dismutase (SOD) levels, an antioxidant enzyme, in oral cancer. (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
OBJECTIVE
The present article aims to comprehensively review the existing literature on superoxide dismutase (SOD) levels, an antioxidant enzyme, in oral cancer.
METHOD
An extensive literature search was conducted across various databases, including PubMed, Wiley Online Library, Science Direct, and Cross Reference, spanning 1998-2023. At the outset, 1,177 articles were initially identified, and 907 studies were excluded due to irrelevance or duplication of the research question. Subsequently, 270 articles underwent screening evaluation, resulting in the selection of 85 articles meeting the inclusion criteria. Following this, 68 articles underwent a full-text comprehensive assessment, and ultimately, 39 were chosen for data extraction. The risk of bias in the designated articles was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. Finally, 13 studies were meticulously selected, offering consistent data for the ensuing meta-analysis. Meta-analysis was executed using comprehensive meta-analysis (CMA) version 3 software (Bio Stat Inc., Englewood, NJ, USA). The meta-analysis findings revealed a statistically significant decrease in SOD levels in both erythrocyte samples ( < 0.001) and tissue samples ( < 0.05) among individuals with oral cancer (OSCC) compared to the normal control group. Conversely, the analysis of three studies on salivary samples demonstrated a significant increase ( < 0.05) in SOD levels in the oral cancer group compared to the healthy controls.
CONCLUSION
This systematic review underscores a statistically significant decline in SOD levels observed across diverse bio-samples in individuals with oral cancer, indicating an excess of oxidative stress (OS). Additional research is needed to delve into the relationship between SOD levels and clinic-pathological prognostic markers within the oral cancer cohort. Such investigations have the potential to significantly contribute to the development of prognostic tools grounded in OS, thereby guiding strategies for treatment planning.
Topics: Humans; Superoxide Dismutase; Antioxidants; Mouth Neoplasms; Oxidative Stress
PubMed: 38525070
DOI: 10.1155/2024/2264251 -
Efficacy of (Thunb.) Vahl on mouse and rat models of inflammation-related diseases: a meta-analysis.Frontiers in Pharmacology 2024To evaluate the efficacy of the fruits of the medicinal plant (Thunb.) Vahl (FS), in treating inflammation-associated diseases through a meta-analysis of animal...
To evaluate the efficacy of the fruits of the medicinal plant (Thunb.) Vahl (FS), in treating inflammation-associated diseases through a meta-analysis of animal models, and also probe deeply into the signaling pathways underlying the progression of inflammation. All data analyses were performed using Review Manager 5.3 and the results are presented as flow diagrams, risk-of-bias summaries, forest plots, and funnel plots. Summary estimates were calculated using a random- or fixed-effect model, depending on the value of I2. Of the 710 records identified in the initial search, 11 were selected for the final meta-analysis. Each study extracted data from the model and treatment groups for analysis, and the results showed that FS alleviated the inflammatory cytokine levels in serum; oxidant indicator: reactive oxygen species; enzymes of liver function; endotoxin and regulatory cells in blood; and improved the antioxidant enzyme superoxide dismutase. FS effectively reversed the change in acute or chronic inflammation indicators in animal models, and the regulation of multiple channel proteins in inflammatory signaling pathways suggests that FS is a good potential drug for inflammatory disease drug therapy.
PubMed: 38500762
DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1288584 -
Diagnostic Pathology Mar 2024Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a progressive and fatal motor neuron disease. Due to the limited knowledge about potential biomarkers that help in early diagnosis... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a progressive and fatal motor neuron disease. Due to the limited knowledge about potential biomarkers that help in early diagnosis and monitoring disease progression, today's diagnoses are based on ruling out other diseases, neurography, and electromyography examination, which takes a time-consuming procedure.
METHODS
PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Web of Science were explored to extract articles published from January 2015 to June 2023. In the searching strategy following keywords were included; amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, biomarkers, cerebrospinal fluid, serum, and plama.
RESULTS
A total number of 6 studies describing fluid-based exosomal biomarkers were included in this study. Aggregated proteins including SOD1, TDP-43, pTDP-43, and FUS could be detected in the microvesicles (MVs). Moreover, TDP-43 and NFL extracted from plasma exosomes could be used as prognostic biomarkers. Also, downregulated miR-27a-3p detected through exoEasy Maxi and exoQuick Kit in the plasma could be measured as a diagnostic biomarker. Eventually, the upregulated level of CORO1A could be used to monitor disease progression.
CONCLUSION
Based on the results, each biomarker alone is insufficient to evaluate ALS. CNS-derived exosomes contain multiple ALS-related biomarkers (SOD1, TDP-43, pTDP-43, FUS, and miRNAs) that are detectable in cerebrospinal fluid and blood is a proper alternation. Exosome detecting kits listed as exoEasy, ExoQuick, Exo-spin, ME kit, ExoQuick Plus, and Exo-Flow, are helpful to reach this purpose.
Topics: Humans; Exosomes; Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis; Superoxide Dismutase-1; Biomarkers; DNA-Binding Proteins; Disease Progression
PubMed: 38429818
DOI: 10.1186/s13000-024-01473-6