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Modifications of auditory feedback and its effects on the voice of adult subjects: a scoping review.CoDAS 2023The auditory perception of voice and its production involve auditory feedback, kinesthetic cues and the feedforward system that produce different effects for the voice.... (Review)
Review
INTRODUCTION
The auditory perception of voice and its production involve auditory feedback, kinesthetic cues and the feedforward system that produce different effects for the voice. The Lombard, Sidetone and Pitch-Shift-Reflex effects are the most studied. The mapping of scientific experiments on changes in auditory feedback for voice motor control makes it possible to examine the existing literature on the phenomenon and may contribute to voice training or therapies.
PURPOSE
To map experiments and research results with manipulation of auditory feedback for voice motor control in adults.
METHOD
Scope review following the Checklist Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses extension (PRISMA-ScR) to answer the question: "What are the investigation methods and main research findings on the manipulation of auditory feedback in voice self-monitoring of adults?". The search protocol was based on the Population, Concept, and Context (PCC) mnemonic strategy, in which the population is adult individuals, the concept is the manipulation of auditory feedback and the context is on motor voice control. Articles were searched in the databases: BVS/Virtual Health Library, MEDLINE/Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System online, COCHRANE, CINAHL/Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, SCOPUS and WEB OF SCIENCE.
RESULTS
60 articles were found, 19 on the Lombard Effect, 25 on the Pitch-shift-reflex effect, 12 on the Sidetone effect and four on the Sidetone/Lombard effect. The studies are in agreement that the insertion of a noise that masks the auditory feedback causes an increase in the individual's speech intensity and that the amplification of the auditory feedback promotes the reduction of the sound pressure level in the voice production. A reflex response to the change in pitch is observed in the auditory feedback, however, with particular characteristics in each study.
CONCLUSION
The material and method of the experiments are different, there are no standardizations in the tasks, the samples are varied and often reduced. The methodological diversity makes it difficult to generalize the results. The main findings of research on auditory feedback on voice motor control confirm that in the suppression of auditory feedback, the individual tends to increase the intensity of the voice. In auditory feedback amplification, the individual decreases the intensity and has greater control over the fundamental frequency, and in frequency manipulations, the individual tends to correct the manipulation. The few studies with dysphonic individuals show that they behave differently from non-dysphonic individuals.
Topics: Adult; Humans; Feedback; Pitch Perception; Voice; Speech; Auditory Perception
PubMed: 38126424
DOI: 10.1590/2317-1782/20232022202pt -
Journal of Deaf Studies and Deaf... Mar 2024There is great variability in the ways in which the speech intelligibility of d/Deaf and hard-of-hearing (DHH) children who use spoken language as part, or all, of their...
There is great variability in the ways in which the speech intelligibility of d/Deaf and hard-of-hearing (DHH) children who use spoken language as part, or all, of their communication system is measured. This systematic review examined the measures and methods that have been used when examining the speech intelligibility of children who are DHH and the characteristics of these measures and methods. A systematic database search was conducted of CENTRAL; CINAHL; Cochrane; ERIC; Joanna Briggs; Linguistics, Language and Behavior Abstracts; Medline; Scopus; and Web of Science databases, as well as supplemental searches. A total of 204 included studies reported the use of many different measures/methods which measured segmental aspects of speech, with the most common being Allen et al.'s (2001, The reliability of a rating scale for measuring speech intelligibility following pediatric cochlear implantation. Otology and Neurotology, 22(5), 631-633. https://doi.org/10.1097/00129492-200109000-00012) Speech Intelligibility Rating scale. Many studies included insufficient details to determine the measure that was used. Future research should utilize methods/measures with known psychometric validity, provide clear descriptions of the methods/measures used, and consider using more than one measure to account for limitations inherent in different methods of measuring the speech intelligibility of children who are DHH, and consider and discuss the rationale for the measure/method chosen.
Topics: Child; Humans; Speech Intelligibility; Deafness; Persons With Hearing Impairments; Reproducibility of Results; Cochlear Implantation; Speech Perception; Cochlear Implants
PubMed: 38079579
DOI: 10.1093/deafed/enad054 -
Journal of Clinical Medicine Nov 2023Sleep disorders, such as REM sleep behavior disorder (RBD) and excessive daytime sleepiness, are among the most common non-motor symptoms in subjects with Parkinson's... (Review)
Review
Sleep disorders, such as REM sleep behavior disorder (RBD) and excessive daytime sleepiness, are among the most common non-motor symptoms in subjects with Parkinson's disease (PD). Sleep disorders have a major negative impact on the quality of life of patients and their caregivers. In addition, REM sleep behavior disorder is an important risk factor for cognitive impairment in PD. This systematic review was conducted on studies investigating the influence of RBD on cognitive performance in PD subjects. We searched the PubMed and Scopus databases, screened the references of the studies included, and reviewed articles for additional citations. From the first 244 publications, we included only 11 studies that met the search criteria. The results showed that sleep disorders in PD were associated with impaired executive functions, visual-constructive abilities, reduced attention, and episodic verbal memory, and could predict the possible risk of developing dementia.
PubMed: 38068449
DOI: 10.3390/jcm12237397 -
PloS One 2023Consideration for patients with visual impairment, from low vision to blindness, is an important part of building a barrier-free society. Some authors have elaborated... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
BACKGROUND
Consideration for patients with visual impairment, from low vision to blindness, is an important part of building a barrier-free society. Some authors have elaborated that visual impairment can indeed lead to delayed development in theory of mind, thereby causing pragmatic knowledge deficiency. Verifying whether those with eye conditions have pragmatic impairment is an essential way for their clinical evaluation, intervention and rehabilitation.
OBJECTIVE
We primarily carry out a meta-analysis of visual impairment from low vision to blindness and pragmatic impairment in people with low vision or blindness to verify visual impairment may cause pragmatic impairment.
DATA SOURCES
Electronic databases Pubmed, Medline, MesH, Psychinfo, Ovid, EBSCO and CNKI and the reference sections of previous reviews.
STUDY ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA
Studies were included when they built on primary data from clinical questionnaire surveys or field trials anywhere in the world, and when they reported impacts of visual impairment on social cognition, communication, skills, behavior and intelligence. In total, 25 original studies were included, in which 25735 people were evaluated.
RESULTS
Statistically, visual impairments and pragmatic impairment exist correlation due to the significant p value(p = 0.0005 < 0.05) in group and the subgroup sorted in the light of 18 years old (p < 0.0001 and p = 0.003 < 0.05). Psychologically, because people with visual impairment can not normally get non-verbal information, they can not get a complete pragmatic knowledge system. Pragmatic knowledge deficiency leads to abnormal in executive functions and development delay from the perspective of theory of mind, inducing pragmatic impairment. Therefore, visual impairment has an impact on pragmatic impairment.
CONCLUSION
The meta-analysis reveals robust evidence on the relationship of vision impairment and pragmatic impairment in children or adults. Such evidence may help to gradually improve the clinical evaluation, intervention and rehabilitation of these people.
Topics: Child; Humans; Adolescent; Vision, Low; Intelligence; Blindness
PubMed: 38064440
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0294326 -
The British Journal of Oral &... Jan 2024This review provides a comprehensive overview of the literature on velopharyngeal insufficiency, associated anomalies, and speech/language impairment in patients with... (Review)
Review
This review provides a comprehensive overview of the literature on velopharyngeal insufficiency, associated anomalies, and speech/language impairment in patients with craniofacial microsomia (CFM). A systematic search of the literature was conducted to identify records on VPI and speech impairment in CFM from their inception until September 2022 within the databases Embase, PubMed, MEDLINE, Ovid, CINAHL EBSCO, Web of Science, Cochrane, and Google Scholar. Seventeen articles were included, analysing 1,253 patients. Velopharyngeal insufficiency results in hypernasality can lead to speech impairment. The reported prevalence of both velopharyngeal insufficiency and hypernasality ranged between 12.5% and 55%, while the reported prevalence of speech impairment in patients with CFM varied between 35.4% and 74%. Language problems were reported in 37% to 50% of patients. Speech therapy was documented in 45.5% to 59.6% of patients, while surgical treatment for velopharyngeal insufficiency consisted of pharyngeal flap surgery or pharyngoplasty and was reported in 31.6% to 100%. Cleft lip and/or palate was reported in 10% to 100% of patients with CFM; these patients were found to have worse speech results than those without cleft lip and/or palate. No consensus was found on patient characteristics associated with an increased risk of velopharyngeal insufficiency and speech/language impairment. Although velopharyngeal insufficiency is a less commonly reported characteristic of CFM than other malformations, it can cause speech impairment, which may contribute to delayed language development in patients with CFM. Therefore, timely recognition and treatment of speech impairment is essential.
Topics: Humans; Cleft Lip; Cleft Palate; Goldenhar Syndrome; Language Development Disorders; Retrospective Studies; Speech; Speech Disorders; Treatment Outcome; Velopharyngeal Insufficiency
PubMed: 38057178
DOI: 10.1016/j.bjoms.2023.09.008 -
American Journal of Speech-language... Jan 2024Craniofacial microsomia (CFM) is a complex congenital condition primarily affecting the ear, mandible, facial nerve and muscles, and tongue. Individuals with CFM are at... (Review)
Review
INTRODUCTION
Craniofacial microsomia (CFM) is a complex congenital condition primarily affecting the ear, mandible, facial nerve and muscles, and tongue. Individuals with CFM are at increased risk of hearing loss, obstructive sleep apnea, and feeding/swallowing difficulties. The purpose of this scoping review was to summarize evidence pertaining to speech production in CFM.
METHOD
All articles reporting any characteristic of speech production in CFM were included and screened by two independent reviewers by title, abstract, and full text. Data charting captured details related to study population and design, CFM diagnostic criteria, speech outcome measurement, and key findings. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Extension for Scoping Reviews checklist guided reporting of results. Our protocol was registered on the Open Science Framework (https://osf.io/npr94/) and published elsewhere.
RESULTS
Forty-five articles were included in the detailed review. Most articles originated from the United States, were published in the past decade, and utilized case report/series study design. A speech-language pathologist authored 29%. The prevalence of velopharyngeal insufficiency ranged from 19% to 55% among studies. Oral distortion of alveolar and palatal fricatives and affricates primarily characterized articulation errors. Studies identified increased disordered speech and lower intelligibility in adolescents with CFM compared to unaffected peers. Evidence pertaining to phonatory and respiratory speech findings is limited.
CONCLUSIONS
Evidence supports that individuals with CFM are at increased risk of both velopharyngeal and articulatory speech differences. Additional information is needed to develop speech screening guidelines for children with CFM. Heterogeneity in study design and outcome measurement precludes comparisons across studies.
SUPPLEMENTAL MATERIAL
https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.24424555.
Topics: Child; Adolescent; Humans; United States; Goldenhar Syndrome; Speech; Speech Disorders; Communication Disorders; Phenotype
PubMed: 37931079
DOI: 10.1044/2023_AJSLP-23-00152 -
Psychiatry Research Nov 2023Dementia is a progressive neurodegenerative disease that burdens the person living with the disease, their families, and medical and social services. Timely diagnosis of... (Review)
Review
Dementia is a progressive neurodegenerative disease that burdens the person living with the disease, their families, and medical and social services. Timely diagnosis of dementia could be followed by introducing interventions that may slow down its progression or reduce its burdens. However, the diagnostic process of dementia is often complex and resource intensive. Access to diagnostic services is also an issue in low and middle-income countries. The abundance and easy accessibility of speech and language data have created new possibilities for utilizing Deep Learning (DL) technologies to be part of the dementia diagnostic process. This systematic review included studies published between 2012-2022 that utilized such technologies to aid in diagnosing dementia. We identified 72 studies using the PRISMA 2020 protocol, extracted and analyzed data from these studies and reported the related DL technologies. We found these technologies effectively differentiated between healthy individuals and those with a dementia diagnosis, highlighting their potential in the diagnosis of dementia. This systematic review provides insights into the contributions of DL-based speech and language techniques to support the dementia diagnostic process. It also offers an understanding of the advancements made in this field thus far and highlights some challenges that still need to be addressed.
Topics: Humans; Speech; Deep Learning; Neurodegenerative Diseases; Language; Dementia
PubMed: 37864994
DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2023.115538 -
Journal of Speech, Language, and... Nov 2023The purpose of this scoping review was to (a) summarize methodological characteristics of studies examining vocal characteristics of infants at high risk for... (Review)
Review
PURPOSE
The purpose of this scoping review was to (a) summarize methodological characteristics of studies examining vocal characteristics of infants at high risk for neurological speech motor involvement and (b) report the state of the high-quality evidence on vocal characteristic trends of infants diagnosed or at high risk for cerebral palsy (CP).
METHOD
The PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items of Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) extension for scoping reviews was followed for reporting our review. Studies measured prelinguistic vocal characteristics of infants under 24 months with birth risk or genetic conditions known to commonly present with speech motor involvement. Fifty-five studies met criteria for Part 1. Eleven studies met criteria for synthesis in Part 2.
RESULTS
A smaller percentage of studies examined infants with or at risk for CP compared to studies examining genetic conditions such as Down syndrome. The median year of publication was 1999, with a median sample size of nine participants. Most studies were conducted in laboratory settings and used human coding of vocalizations produced during caregiver-child interactions. Substantial methodological differences were noted across all studies. A small number of high-quality studies of infants with or at risk for CP revealed high rates of marginal babbling, low rates of canonical babbling, and limited consonant diversity under 24 months. Mixed findings were noted across studies of general birth risk factors.
CONCLUSIONS
There is limited evidence available to support the early detection of speech motor involvement. Large methodological differences currently impact the ability to synthesize findings across studies. There is a critical need to conduct longitudinal research with larger sample sizes and advanced, modern technologies to detect vocal precursors of speech impairment to support the accurate diagnosis and prognosis of speech development in infants with CP and other clinical populations.
Topics: Humans; Infant; Speech; Speech Disorders; Cerebral Palsy
PubMed: 37850852
DOI: 10.1044/2023_JSLHR-23-00336 -
PloS One 2023During the COVID-19 pandemic, personal protective equipment such as facial masks and coverings were mandated all over the globe to protect against the virus. Although...
During the COVID-19 pandemic, personal protective equipment such as facial masks and coverings were mandated all over the globe to protect against the virus. Although the primary aim of wearing face masks is to protect against viral transmission, they pose a potential burden on communication. The purpose of this scoping review was to identify the state of the evidence of the effect of facial coverings on acoustic and perceptual speech outcomes. The scoping review followed the framework created by Arksey & O'Malley (2005) and the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Extension for Scoping Reviews guidelines (PRISMA-ScR; Tricco et al., 2018). The search was completed in May 2021 across the following databases: PubMed, EMBASE, PsycINFO, Web of Science, and Google Scholar. A total of 3,846 records were retrieved from the database search. Following the removal of duplicates, 3,479 remained for the title/abstract screen and 149 were selected for the full-text review. Of these, 52 were included in the final review and relevant data were extracted. The 52 articles included in the final review consisted of; 11 studied perceptual outcomes only, 16 studied acoustic outcomes only, and 14 studied both perceptual and acoustic outcomes. 13 of these investigated acoustic features that could be used for mask classification. Although the findings varied from article to article, many trends stood out. Many articles revealed that face masks act as a low pass filter, dampening sounds at higher frequencies; however, the frequency range and the degree of attenuation varied based on face mask type. All but five articles that reported on perceptual outcomes showed a common trend that wearing a face mask was associated with poorer speech intelligibility. The findings of the scoping review provided evidence that facial coverings negatively impacted speech intelligibility, which is likely due to a combination of auditory and visual cue degradation. Due to the continued prevalence of mask use, how facial coverings affect a wider variety of speaker populations, such as those with communication impairments, and strategies for overcoming communication challenges should be explored.
Topics: Humans; Acoustics; COVID-19; Masks; Pandemics; Speech Intelligibility
PubMed: 37624795
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0285009 -
Acta Odontologica Scandinavica Jan 2024Different oral motor appliances have been used in connection with speech therapy to improve oral motor function and speech development, but no consensus has been reached... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Different oral motor appliances have been used in connection with speech therapy to improve oral motor function and speech development, but no consensus has been reached on the effectiveness of the appliances. The objective was to systematically review the effectiveness of oral motor appliances on oral motor function and speech in children with speech sound disorders (SSDs) or oral motor dysfunctions.
METHODS
A systematic search was conducted up to February 2023 in the PubMed, Scopus, and Cochrane databases. Inclusion criteria were prospective randomized or case-control clinical trials investigating the effect of intraoral appliances on orofacial function and/or speech. The risk of bias was evaluated by the Cochrane Collaboration's Robins-I tool.
RESULTS
Nine publications of three individual studies met the inclusion and search criteria. Six of the publications were conducted in children with Down Syndrome (DS) and three publications were conducted in children with Cerebral Palsy (CP). No meta-analysis was made due to the limitations of the publications. Selected studies reported some beneficial effects of intraoral appliances on oral motor function in children with DS and CP, although the evidence is low. Due to the study design in selected studies and confounding factors, the overall risk of bias was categorized as moderate or high.
DISCUSSION
Intraoral appliances may improve oral motor function in children with DS and CP. Due to lack of studies this review limited to children with DS and CP. The initial question concerning SSDs was not answered. Well-designed RCTs with larger sample sizes are needed, especially among non-syndromic children with SSDs. The level of evidence was considered very low.
Topics: Child; Humans; Speech; Prospective Studies
PubMed: 37615355
DOI: 10.1080/00016357.2023.2249547