-
New Microbes and New Infections Jun 2024
Expression of Concern: Actinomyces ihuae, Actinomyces bouchesdurhonensis, Actinomyces urinae, Actinomyces marseillensis, Actinomyces mediterranea and Actinomyces oralis sp. nov. identified by culturomics.
PubMed: 38799873
DOI: 10.1016/j.nmni.2024.101247 -
New Microbes and New Infections Jun 2024
PubMed: 38799831
DOI: 10.1016/j.nmni.2024.101248 -
Pharmaceutics May 2024Ozone is increasingly utilized in dental caries treatment due to its antibacterial properties. In a context of limited studies and no consensus on protocols, this...
Ozone is increasingly utilized in dental caries treatment due to its antibacterial properties. In a context of limited studies and no consensus on protocols, this research aims to assess ozone's antibacterial efficacy on cariogenic bacteria and its potential adverse impact on dentin bond strength. , , , and suspensions were exposed to 40 μg/mL of ozone gas and 60 μg/mL of ozonated water (80 s) via a medical ozone generator. Negative and positive control groups (chlorhexidine 2%) were included, and UFC/mL counts were recorded. To examine microtensile bond strength (µTBS), 20 human molars were divided into four groups, and class I cavities were created. After ozone application, samples were restored using an etch-and-rinse and resin composite, then sectioned for testing. The SPSS v. 28 program was used with a significance level of 5%. The µTBS results were evaluated using one-way ANOVA, Tukey HSD, and Games-Howell. Bacterial counts reduced from 10 to 10, but dentin µTBS was significantly impacted by ozone (ANOVA, p < 0.001). Despite ozone's attractive antibacterial activity, this study emphasizes its detrimental effect on dentin adhesion, cautioning against its use before restorative treatments.
PubMed: 38794276
DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics16050614 -
Frontiers in Immunology 2024Increasing evidence indicates the microbial ecology of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is intricately associated with the disease's status and severity, and... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
BACKGROUND
Increasing evidence indicates the microbial ecology of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is intricately associated with the disease's status and severity, and distinct microbial ecological variations exist between COPD and healthy control (HC). This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to summarize microbial diversity indices and taxa relative abundance of oral, airway, and intestine microbiota of different stages of COPD and HC to make comparisons.
METHODS
A comprehensive systematic literature search was conducted in PubMed, Embase, the Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library databases to identify relevant English articles on the oral, airway, and intestine microbiota in COPD published between 2003 and 8 May 2023. Information on microbial diversity indices and taxa relative abundance of oral, airway, and intestine microbiota was collected for comparison between different stages of COPD and HC.
RESULTS
A total of 20 studies were included in this review, involving a total of 337 HC participants, 511 COPD patients, and 154 AECOPD patients. We observed that no significant differences in alpha diversity between the participant groups, but beta diversity was significantly different in half of the included studies. Compared to HC, , , , and of oral microbiota in SCOPD were reduced at the genus level. Most studies supported that , , and were increased, but , , , , and were decreased at the genus level in the airway microbiota of SCOPD. However, the abundance of , and genera exhibited an increase, whereas and showed a decrease in the airway microbiota of AECOPD compared to HC. And of intestine microbiota in SCOPD was reduced at the genus level.
CONCLUSION
The majority of published research findings supported that COPD exhibited decreased alpha diversity compared to HC. However, our meta-analysis does not confirm it. In order to further investigate the characteristics and mechanisms of microbiome in the oral-airway- intestine axis of COPD patients, larger-scale and more rigorous studies are needed.
SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION
PROSPERO (https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/), identifier CRD42023418726.
Topics: Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive; Humans; Gastrointestinal Microbiome; Mouth; Microbiota; Bacteria
PubMed: 38779669
DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1407439 -
Journal of Oral Microbiology 2024organisms reside on mucosal surfaces of the oropharynx and the genitourinary tract. Polymicrobial infections with organisms are increasingly being reported in the... (Review)
Review
organisms reside on mucosal surfaces of the oropharynx and the genitourinary tract. Polymicrobial infections with organisms are increasingly being reported in the literature. Since these infections differ from classical actinomycosis, lacking of specific clinical and imaging findings, slow-growing organisms can be regarded as contaminants or insignificant findings. In addition, only limited knowledge is available about novel species and their clinical relevance. The recent reclassifications have resulted in the transfer of several species to novel genera , , , , or . The spectrum of diseases associated with specific members of and these related genera varies. In human infections, the most common species are Actinomyces , , and , which are typical inhabitants of the mouth, and , , and . In this narrative review, the purpose was to gather information on the emerging role of specific organisms within the and related genera in polymicrobial infections. These include in pulmonary infections, in brain abscesses and infections in the lower respiratory tract, in skin-related infections, in necrotizing fasciitis and skin abscesses, and in infected tissues around prostheses and devices. Increased understanding of the role of and related species in polymicrobial infections could provide improved outcomes for patient care. Key messages Due to the reclassification of the genus, many former species belong to novel genera , , , , or .Some of the species play emerging roles in specific infection types in humans.Increasing awareness of their clinical relevance as an established or a putative pathogen in polymicrobial infections brings about improved outcomes for patient care.
PubMed: 38766462
DOI: 10.1080/20002297.2024.2354148 -
Cureus May 2024Actinomycosis is a chronic granulomatous disease that can affect various parts of the body, including the head and neck, lungs, abdominal and pelvic cavities, and...
Actinomycosis is a chronic granulomatous disease that can affect various parts of the body, including the head and neck, lungs, abdominal and pelvic cavities, and wounds. It is caused by different actinomycetes like , , , , and . Reported infections caused by actinomycetes include pulmonary actinomycosis, pelvic and abdominal infections, bone or artificial joint infections, endocarditis, complicated urinary tract infections, and soft tissue abscesses. The combination of pulmonary actinomycosis with gastric cancer is exceptionally rare in clinical practice, and the presence of actinomycetal infection alongside tumors in elderly patients poses significant challenges in treatment. This article presents the diagnosis and treatment process of an elderly patient with pulmonary actinomycosis and gastric adenocarcinoma.
PubMed: 38746489
DOI: 10.7759/cureus.60180 -
Materials (Basel, Switzerland) Apr 2024Calcium phosphate (CaP) particles immobilizing antibacterial agents have the potential to be used as dental disinfectants. In this study, we fabricated CaP particles...
Calcium phosphate (CaP) particles immobilizing antibacterial agents have the potential to be used as dental disinfectants. In this study, we fabricated CaP particles with immobilized ciprofloxacin (CF), a commonly prescribed antibacterial agent, via a coprecipitation process using a supersaturated CaP solution. As the aging time in the coprecipitation process increased from 2 to 24 h, the CaP phase in the resulting particles transformed from amorphous to low-crystalline hydroxyapatite, and their Ca/P elemental ratio, yield, and CF content increased. Despite the higher CF content, the particles aged for 24 h displayed a slower release of CF in a physiological salt solution, most likely owing to their crystallized matrix (less soluble hydroxyapatite), than those aged for 2 h, whose matrix was amorphous CaP. Both particles exhibited antibacterial and antibiofilm activities along with an acid-neutralizing effect against the major oral bacteria, , , and , in a dose-dependent manner, although their dose-response relationship was slightly different. The aging time in the coprecipitation process was identified as a governing factor affecting the physicochemical properties of the resulting CF-immobilized CaP particles and their functionality as a dental disinfectant.
PubMed: 38730839
DOI: 10.3390/ma17092035 -
Oral microbiome dysbiosis among cigarette smokers and smokeless tobacco users compared to non-users.Scientific Reports May 2024Tobacco use significantly influences the oral microbiome. However, less is known about how different tobacco products specifically impact the oral microbiome over time....
Tobacco use significantly influences the oral microbiome. However, less is known about how different tobacco products specifically impact the oral microbiome over time. To address this knowledge gap, we characterized the oral microbiome of cigarette users, smokeless tobacco users, and non-users over 4 months (four time points). Buccal swab and saliva samples (n = 611) were collected from 85 participants. DNA was extracted from all samples and sequencing was carried out on an Illumina MiSeq, targeting the V3-V4 region of the 16S rRNA gene. Cigarette and smokeless tobacco users had more diverse oral bacterial communities, including a higher relative abundance of Firmicutes and a lower relative abundance of Proteobacteria, when compared to non-users. Non-users had a higher relative abundance of Actinomyces, Granulicatella, Haemophilus, Neisseria, Oribacterium, Prevotella, Pseudomonas, Rothia, and Veillonella in buccal swab samples, compared to tobacco users. While the most abundant bacterial genera were relatively constant over time, some species demonstrated significant shifts in relative abundance between the first and last time points. In addition, some opportunistic pathogens were detected among tobacco users including Neisseria subflava, Bulleidia moorei and Porphyromonas endodontalis. Overall, our results provide a more holistic understanding of the structure of oral bacterial communities in tobacco users compared to non-users.
Topics: Humans; Tobacco, Smokeless; Male; Microbiota; Female; Dysbiosis; Adult; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Mouth; Saliva; Middle Aged; Bacteria; Smokers; Young Adult; Cigarette Smoking; Mouth Mucosa
PubMed: 38710815
DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-60730-2 -
Data in Brief Jun 2024is a thermophilic aerobic Actinomyces often found in compost that is suggested to play a primary role in the degradation of organic matter and is a potential...
is a thermophilic aerobic Actinomyces often found in compost that is suggested to play a primary role in the degradation of organic matter and is a potential antibiotic-resistance gene (ARG)-hosting bacterium during the composting process. PLACP1 was isolated from thermophilic sludge on a Columbia plate supplemented with chloramphenicol. PLACP1 was Gram-stain-positive with cells longer than 20 μm that branched and intertwined with each other. A draft genome sequence of PLACP1 was generated using the Illumina NovaSeq system and deposited in the National Center for Biotechnology Information database under the BioProject accession numbers PRJDB17484 and SAMD00736731. The genome sequence comprised 3,395,140 bp, with 57.97 % GC content and 3,368 genes, including 3,267 protein-coding, 6 rRNA, and 56 tRNA genes. Based on the Comprehensive Antibiotic Resistance Database, 237 predicted gene products were related to ARGs, including 44 macrolide antibiotic-related genes (19 %) as the largest group. This dataset will be beneficial for the morphological identification, comparative genomic analyses, and ARG research in the genus .
PubMed: 38708301
DOI: 10.1016/j.dib.2024.110447 -
ACG Case Reports Journal May 2024Actinomycosis is a rare chronic granulomatous disease that manifests with nonspecific symptoms of abdominal pain, anorexia, and weight loss. The disparity in the...
Actinomycosis is a rare chronic granulomatous disease that manifests with nonspecific symptoms of abdominal pain, anorexia, and weight loss. The disparity in the presentation of this condition presents a tremendous diagnostic challenge. There are few reports of species causing spontaneous bacterial peritonitis without previous localized masses or abscesses have been published. We provide a case of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis secondary to species in a 46-year-old woman with uterine fibroids and a lack of preceding abscess. Although rare, spontaneous bacterial peritonitis because of should be considered in differential in female patients without pre-existing liver disease presenting with spontaneous bacterial peritonitis.
PubMed: 38706452
DOI: 10.14309/crj.0000000000001353