-
Cureus May 2024Hemorrhagic pancreatitis following endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) is an adverse event that has received limited attention in medical studies. We...
Hemorrhagic pancreatitis following endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) is an adverse event that has received limited attention in medical studies. We describe a 28-year-old female who was admitted with symptoms of abdominal pain, nausea, and vomiting, along with tenderness in the right upper quadrant upon physical examination. CT abdomen revealed the presence of a gallstone obstructing the common bile duct. The patient underwent an ERCP procedure, which included a biliary sphincterotomy and the balloon-assisted removal of the obstructing stone. Unfortunately, the procedure was complicated with acute pancreatitis characterized by fluid accumulation in the abdomen, suggestive of hemorrhagic pancreatitis. There was a notable decrease in hemoglobin levels and hypotension, indicating the need for a higher level of care. Patients were managed conservatively with hydration and pain control. Follow-up in the clinic confirmed the resolution of symptoms and stabilization of the hemoglobin. Prompt recognition of post-ERCP hemorrhagic pancreatitis is crucial and warrants a high index of suspicion. Furthermore, the discussion explored the various risk factors and pathological events behind post-ERCP pancreatitis to understand the mechanisms of the disease. Various previously used intervention and prevention strategies were critically discussed for the awareness of future researchers and healthcare practitioners.
PubMed: 38910698
DOI: 10.7759/cureus.60929 -
Journal of the Formosan Medical... Jun 2024Fluid resuscitation reduces mortality and morbidity in acute pancreatitis (AP); however, whether glucose-containing fluids negatively impact AP remains uncertain. We...
INTRODUCTION
Fluid resuscitation reduces mortality and morbidity in acute pancreatitis (AP); however, whether glucose-containing fluids negatively impact AP remains uncertain. We aimed to examine the association between glucose-containing fluids and AP outcomes.
METHODS
This multicenter retrospective cohort study included patients diagnosed with AP between January 2015 and December 2018. Glucose density was defined as total glucose content divided by total fluid volume (g/dl) on day 1, and was considered high if the level exceeded the median. Endpoints were early organ failure (OF), including cardiovascular, renal, or respiratory system failure within 7 days; 30-day OF; ICU admission; and AP-related 90-day mortality. Logistic regression models, restricted cubic spline curves, and Cox proportional hazards models were used for statistical analysis.
RESULTS
From the database, 1,146 patients with AP were included. Early OF occurred in 8.8% of patients within 7 days. The high glucose-density group (>5 g/dl) had increased risk of early OF (9.7% vs. 8.2%; adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 1.69; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.03-2.80; P = 0.039), respiratory failure (8.0% vs. 6.2%; aOR, 1.88; 95% CI, 1.09-3.24; P = 0.024), cardiovascular failure (3.4% vs. 2.4%; aOR, 3.59; 95% CI, 1.28-10.0; P = 0.015), and ICU admission (6.8% vs. 5.8%; aOR, 2.06; 95% CI, 1.08-3.94; P = 0.029), with a dose-response effect observed for cardiovascular failure and ICU admission. A significant increase 30-day OF risk (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR], 1.70; 95% CI, 1.19-2.45) was also noted.
CONCLUSION
Excess glucose-containing fluid was associated with increased risks of overall, respiratory, and cardiovascular OF and ICU admission in AP.
PubMed: 38910095
DOI: 10.1016/j.jfma.2024.05.022 -
Medicine Jun 2024walled-off pancreatic necrosis (WOPN) is one of the complications of acute pancreatitis (AP) with high mortality. A method to predict the development of WOPN in AP... (Observational Study)
Observational Study
The success of SII, MII-1, MII-2, MII-3, and QT dispersion in predicting the walled-off pancreatic necrosis development in acute pancreatitis in the emergency department: An observational study.
walled-off pancreatic necrosis (WOPN) is one of the complications of acute pancreatitis (AP) with high mortality. A method to predict the development of WOPN in AP patients admitted to the emergency department may guide life-saving practices such as early initiation of antibiotic therapy and, when necessary, referral of the patient to a center where necrosectomy can be performed. This study is a prospective observational study. One hundred eleven AP patients who applied to the emergency department were included in the study. The mean of QT interval (QT) dispersion, systemic immune-inflammation Index (SII), multi-inflammatory index-I (MII-1), multi-inflammatory index-II (MII-2), and multi-inflammatory index-III (MII-3) were compared between patients who developed WOPN and patients who did not develop WOPN during their hospitalization. In the study, the mean of QT dispersion, SII, MII-1, MII-2, and MII-3 were significantly lower in the patient group who developed WOPN compared to those who did not develop WOPN. In the receiver operating characteristic analysis, all methods except SII were found to be successful in predicting WOPN. QT dispersion, SII, MII-1, MII-2, and MII-3 are valuable tools that provide rapid results and successfully predict the development of WOPN in AP. However, MII-2 and QT dispersion appears to be slightly more successful than the others.
Topics: Humans; Male; Female; Middle Aged; Prospective Studies; Emergency Service, Hospital; Pancreatitis, Acute Necrotizing; Adult; Electrocardiography; Severity of Illness Index; Aged; Predictive Value of Tests; ROC Curve; Pancreatitis
PubMed: 38905406
DOI: 10.1097/MD.0000000000038599 -
Medicine Jun 2024This study aimed to evaluate the significance of serum salusin beta (SAL-β) levels in predicting the severity of acute pancreatitis (AP) in patients diagnosed with this... (Observational Study)
Observational Study
BACKGROUND
This study aimed to evaluate the significance of serum salusin beta (SAL-β) levels in predicting the severity of acute pancreatitis (AP) in patients diagnosed with this condition and to assess its relationship with disease and prognosis.
METHODS
Sixty-four patients between 18 and 100 years of age diagnosed with AP, were included in the study. Patients were categorized into 3 groups based on the Revised Atlanta Classification: mild, moderate, and severe AP. Eighteen healthy adults were included as the control group. Sex, age, height, weight, presence of additional diseases, laboratory results, imaging findings, levels of white blood cells, neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio, mean platelet volume, amylase, lipase, sensitive C-reactive protein, sedimentation, and serum SAL-β were measured and recorded. SAL-β levels were reevaluated on the third day of hospitalization.
RESULTS
The average age of the patients included in the study was 62.66 ± 17.67. Gallstones were present in 64.1% of the patients. The difference in the SAL-β averages on the 1st and 3rd days was statistically significant (P < .05). On the first day, the SAL-β averages of those with severe Atlanta scores were higher than those with mild and moderate Atlanta severity. Similarly, on the third day, the SAL-β averages of those with severe Atlanta scores were higher than those with mild and moderate Atlanta severity. According to receiver operating characteristic analysis using the Youden index, the cutoff value for SAL-β for severe pancreatitis was 178.8 pg/mL on the 1st day and 207.5 pg/mL on the 3rd day.
CONCLUSION
SAL-β can be used to detect and monitor severe pancreatitis. Further extensive clinical studies with larger case series are needed.
Topics: Humans; Male; Female; Middle Aged; Pancreatitis; Severity of Illness Index; Adult; Aged; Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; Aged, 80 and over; Young Adult; Biomarkers; Adolescent; Prognosis; Acute Disease; Case-Control Studies
PubMed: 38905397
DOI: 10.1097/MD.0000000000038685 -
Alternative Therapies in Health and... Jun 2024Severe pancreatitis presents a formidable clinical challenge, often associated with high mortality rates and compromised quality of life. This study aimed to assess the...
OBJECTIVE
Severe pancreatitis presents a formidable clinical challenge, often associated with high mortality rates and compromised quality of life. This study aimed to assess the efficacy of combining ulinastatin with somatostatin in treating severe pancreatitis, with a focus on improving patient outcomes.
METHODS
We conducted a study on 98 severe pancreatitis patients at our hospital from January 2022 to March 2023. These patients were randomly divided into two groups: a control group (n=49) treated with somatostatin and an experimental group (n=49) treated with ulinastatin plus somatostatin. The control group received 250 micrograms per hour of somatostatin intravenously for 72 hours. The experimental group received 200 000 units of ulinastatin every 8 hours intravenously, along with the same somatostatin regimen. We compared clinical efficacy, inflammatory markers (TNF-α, CRP, IL-6), hemodynamic parameters (MAP, CVP, HR, SVR), and immune cell function between the groups.
RESULTS
Post-treatment, the experimental group showed significant improvements compared to the control group (P < .05) in various parameters. Decreases in AMS, TNF-α, CRP, IL-6, MAP, CVP, and CD8+ T-cells were more pronounced in the experimental group. Notably, AMS levels dropped from 450 U/L to 150 U/L, and TNF-α levels from 55 pg/mL to 20 pg/mL in the experimental group. Conversely, increases in HR, SVR, CD4+ T-cells, CD4+/CD8+ ratio, and NK cell counts were observed. For instance, CD4+ T-cells rose from 300 cells/μL to 500 cells/μL. The experimental group exhibited a higher clinical efficacy rate of 97.96%, compared to 85.71% in the control group. The combined treatment of ulinastatin with somatostatin demonstrated significant effectiveness in improving clinical outcomes compared to the control group. Statistical analysis robustly supported these findings, providing confidence in their reliability. Importantly, the combined therapy showed promise in reducing mortality rates and enhancing the quality of life for patients with severe pancreatitis.
CONCLUSION
The findings of this study hold substantial clinical implications, potentially influencing treatment protocols and patient management strategies for severe pancreatitis. The integration of ulinastatin combined with somatostatin into standard care protocols could significantly improve treatment outcomes and patient prognosis.
PubMed: 38904623
DOI: No ID Found -
Endoscopy International Open Jun 2024Pancreatitis is a potentially lethal adverse event of endoscopic transpapillary placement of a self-expandable metal stent (SEMS) for malignant biliary obstruction...
Pancreatitis is a potentially lethal adverse event of endoscopic transpapillary placement of a self-expandable metal stent (SEMS) for malignant biliary obstruction (MBO). Deep learning-based image recognition has not been investigated in predicting pancreatitis in this setting. We included 70 patients who underwent endoscopic placement of a SEMS for nonresectable distal MBO. We constructed a convolutional neural network (CNN) model for pancreatitis prediction using a series of pre-procedure computed tomography images covering the whole pancreas (≥ 120,960 augmented images in total). We examined the additional effects of the CNN-based probabilities on the following machine learning models based on clinical parameters: logistic regression, support vector machine with a linear or RBF kernel, random forest classifier, and gradient boosting classifier. Model performance was assessed based on the area under the curve (AUC) in the receiver operating characteristic analysis, positive predictive value (PPV), accuracy, and specificity. The CNN model was associated with moderate levels of performance metrics: AUC, 0.67; PPV, 0.45; accuracy, 0.66; and specificity, 0.63. When added to the machine learning models, the CNN-based probabilities increased the performance metrics. The logistic regression model with the CNN-based probabilities had an AUC of 0.74, PPV of 0.85, accuracy of 0.83, and specificity of 0.96, compared with 0.72, 0.78, 0.77, and 0.96, respectively, without the probabilities. The CNN-based model may increase predictability for pancreatitis following endoscopic placement of a biliary SEMS. Our findings support the potential of deep learning technology to improve prognostic models in pancreatobiliary therapeutic endoscopy.
PubMed: 38904060
DOI: 10.1055/a-2298-0147 -
Frontiers in Pediatrics 2024Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is a metabolic disorder characterized by an absolute deficiency of insulin due to pancreatic failure. Diabetes ketoacidosis (DKA) has...
Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is a metabolic disorder characterized by an absolute deficiency of insulin due to pancreatic failure. Diabetes ketoacidosis (DKA) has emerged as one of the most common complications of T1DM. Although exceedingly rare, the onset of T1DM with DKA may result in lipemia secondary to severe hypertriglyceridemia (HTG), accounting for several cases in the pediatric population. Along this line, plasma exchange treatment in children with DKA and severe hyperlipidemia has only been reported in some cases. In this case report, the diagnosis of an 11-year-old girl with diabetes ketoacidosis accompanied by severe HTG, along with subsequent plasma exchange treatment, is presented. Initially, the patient received initial management with crystalloid fluid bolus and intravenous insulin therapy. Despite rapid correction of acidosis, persistent HTG subsequently prompted the plasma exchange treatment. A total of three sessions were administered over 2 days, leading to a significant reduction in the triglyceride levels and corneal opacity resolution, indicating a successful therapeutic intervention.
PubMed: 38903770
DOI: 10.3389/fped.2024.1280330 -
BioRxiv : the Preprint Server For... Jan 2024induction of alcoholic chronic pancreatitis (ACP) causes significant acinar damage, increased fibroinflammatory response, and heightened activation of cyclic response...
BACKGROUND AND AIMS
induction of alcoholic chronic pancreatitis (ACP) causes significant acinar damage, increased fibroinflammatory response, and heightened activation of cyclic response element binding protein 1 (CREB) when compared with alcohol (A) or chronic pancreatitis (CP) mediated pancreatic damage. However, the study elucidating the cooperative interaction between CREB and the oncogenic (*) in promoting pancreatic cancer progression with ACP remains unexplored.
METHODS
Experimental ACP induction was established in multiple mouse models, followed by euthanization of the animals at various time intervals during the recovery periods. Tumor latency was determined in these mice cohorts. Here, we established CREB deletion ( ) in (KC) genetic mouse models (KCC). Western blot, phosphokinase array, and qPCR were used to analyze the pancreata of , and mice. The pancreata of ACP-induced mice were subjected to single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNAseq). Further studies involved conducting lineage tracing and acinar cell explant cultures.
RESULTS
ACP induction in mice had detrimental effects on the pancreatic damage repair mechanism. The persistent existence of acinar cell-derived ductal lesions demonstrated a prolonged state of hyperactivated CREB. Persistent CREB activation leads to acinar cell reprogramming and increased pro-fibrotic inflammation in mice. Acinar-specific ablation reduced advanced PanINs lesions, hindered tumor progression, and restored acinar cell function in ACP-induced mouse models.
CONCLUSIONS
Our findings demonstrate that CREB cooperates with * to perpetuate an irreversible ADM and PanIN formation. Moreover, CREB sustains oncogenic activity to promote the progression of premalignant lesions toward cancer in the presence of ACP.
PubMed: 38903082
DOI: 10.1101/2024.01.05.574376 -
Enabling tobacco treatment for gastroenterology patients via a novel low-burden point-of-care model.BMC Health Services Research Jun 2024Smoking is a major risk factor for multiple gastrointestinal cancers, and adversely affects peptic ulcer disease, gastroesophageal reflux, pancreatitis and Crohn's...
BACKGROUND & AIM
Smoking is a major risk factor for multiple gastrointestinal cancers, and adversely affects peptic ulcer disease, gastroesophageal reflux, pancreatitis and Crohn's disease. Despite key recommendations for diagnosing and treating tobacco use disorder in healthcare settings, the degree to which this is implemented in Gastroenterology (GI) clinics is unknown. We aimed to assess our providers' practices, identify barriers for implementing evidence-based smoking cessation treatments, and address these barriers by implementing a novel low-burden point of care Electronic health record-enabled evidence-based tobacco treatment (ELEVATE), in GI clinics.
METHODS
An online survey was distributed to clinic gastroenterologists. ELEVATE module training was implemented in 1/2021. Data were evaluated during pre (7/2020-12/2020) and post (1/2021-12/2021) implementation periods to evaluate the reach and effectiveness of ELEVATE. Generalized estimating equations (GEE) were used to generate rate ratios (RR) to evaluate the intervention.
RESULTS
91% (20/22) of GI physicians responded to our survey, and only 20% often assisted patients who smoke with counseling. Lack of a systematic program to offer help to patients was reported by 80% of providers as an extremely/very important barrier limiting their smoking cessation practices. The proportion of current patients who smoke receiving cessation treatment increased from pre-ELEVATE to post-ELEVATE (14.36-27.47%, RR = 1.90, 95% CI 1.60-2.26, p < .001). Post-ELEVATE, 14.4% (38/264) of patients with treatment quit smoking, compared to 7.9% (55/697) of patients without treatment (RR = 1.89, 95% CI 1.26-2.82, p = .0021).
CONCLUSION
Smoking practices are frequently assessed in GI clinics but barriers limiting cessation treatment exist. The use of a low burden point of care EHR enabled smoking cessation treatment module has led to a significant improvement in the treatment of smoking and subsequent cessation in our clinics. This study sheds light on an often under-recognized source of morbidity in GI patients and identifies an efficient, effective, and scalable strategy to combat tobacco use and improve clinical outcomes in our patients.
Topics: Humans; Smoking Cessation; Male; Female; Point-of-Care Systems; Gastroenterology; Middle Aged; Adult; Surveys and Questionnaires; Electronic Health Records; Practice Patterns, Physicians'; Tobacco Use Disorder
PubMed: 38902682
DOI: 10.1186/s12913-024-11092-y -
BMC Medical Imaging Jun 2024Acute pancreatitis is one of the most common diseases requiring emergency surgery. Rapid and accurate recognition of acute pancreatitis can help improve clinical...
BACKGROUND
Acute pancreatitis is one of the most common diseases requiring emergency surgery. Rapid and accurate recognition of acute pancreatitis can help improve clinical outcomes. This study aimed to develop a deep learning-powered diagnostic model for acute pancreatitis.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
In this investigation, we enrolled a cohort of 190 patients with acute pancreatitis who were admitted to Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital between January 2020 and December 2021. Abdominal computed tomography (CT) scans were obtained from both patients with acute pancreatitis and healthy individuals. Our model was constructed using two modules: (1) the acute pancreatitis classifier module; (2) the pancreatitis lesion segmentation module. Each model's performance was assessed based on precision, recall rate, F1-score, Area Under the Curve (AUC), loss rate, frequency-weighted accuracy (fwavacc), and Mean Intersection over Union (MIOU).
RESULTS
Upon admission, significant variations were observed between patients with mild and severe acute pancreatitis in inflammatory indexes, liver, and kidney function indicators, as well as coagulation parameters. The acute pancreatitis classifier module exhibited commendable diagnostic efficacy, showing an impressive AUC of 0.993 (95%CI: 0.978-0.999) in the test set (comprising healthy examination patients vs. those with acute pancreatitis, P < 0.001) and an AUC of 0.850 (95%CI: 0.790-0.898) in the external validation set (healthy examination patients vs. patients with acute pancreatitis, P < 0.001). Furthermore, the acute pancreatitis lesion segmentation module demonstrated exceptional performance in the validation set. For pancreas segmentation, peripancreatic inflammatory exudation, peripancreatic effusion, and peripancreatic abscess necrosis, the MIOU values were 86.02 (84.52, 87.20), 61.81 (56.25, 64.83), 57.73 (49.90, 68.23), and 66.36 (55.08, 72.12), respectively. These findings underscore the robustness and reliability of the developed models in accurately characterizing and assessing acute pancreatitis.
CONCLUSION
The diagnostic model for acute pancreatitis, driven by deep learning, exhibits excellent efficacy in accurately evaluating the severity of the condition.
TRIAL REGISTRATION
This is a retrospective study.
Topics: Humans; Deep Learning; Pancreatitis; Male; Female; Tomography, X-Ray Computed; Middle Aged; Adult; Acute Disease; Aged; Retrospective Studies
PubMed: 38902660
DOI: 10.1186/s12880-024-01339-9