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Food Chemistry: X Oct 2024The focus on sustainable utilization of agricultural waste is currently a leading area of scientific research, driving significant advancements in technology and... (Review)
Review
The focus on sustainable utilization of agricultural waste is currently a leading area of scientific research, driving significant advancements in technology and circular economy models. The fundamental capacity of bio-based products, bioprocessing techniques, and the crucial involvement of microbial treatments are opening opportunities for efficient solutions in various industries. One of the most popular green vegetables, peas are members of the Fabaceae family and have a pod-like structure. Every year, a significant amount of pea pods is discarded as waste products of peas that have negative impacts on our environment. In this comprehensive review, we explore innovative methods for utilizing pea pods to minimize their environmental footprint and optimize their viability across multiple industries. A large portion of the pea processing industry's output consists of pea pods. Variety of proteins, with major classes being globulin and albumin (13%), dietary fiber (43-58%), and minerals are abundant in these pods. Because of their diverse physiochemical properties, they find applications in many diverse fields. The porous pea pods comprised cellulose (61.35%) and lignin (22.12%), which could make them superior adsorbents. The components of these byproducts possess valuable attributes that make them applicable across treatment of wastewater, production of biofuels, synthesis of biocolors, development of nutraceuticals, functional foods, and enzymes for the textile industry, modification of oil, and inhibition of steel corrosion.
PubMed: 38952562
DOI: 10.1016/j.fochx.2024.101518 -
Food Chemistry: X Oct 2024Chitosan coating containing nanoliposomes loaded with licorice root extract was prepared to investigate shrimp's shelf life and anti-browning function during 20 days of...
Chitosan coating containing nanoliposomes loaded with licorice root extract was prepared to investigate shrimp's shelf life and anti-browning function during 20 days of ice storage. 1% licorice root hydroethanolic extract (LHE) was encapsulated in nanoliposomes or coated with chitosan, and then the shrimp were immersed in coating solutions. LHE treatment had the lowest browning indices (5 and 1.02), TBA (0.32 mg MDA/kg), and FFA (0.01%). Chitosan-coated LHE treatment (Ch-LHE) showed the best performance for TVN, microbial counts, and discoloration. PV, WHC, and cook loss in the treatment with LHE nanoliposome coated with chitosan (Ch-N-LHE) were measured at acceptable levels of 0.53 meq/kg, 86.12%, and 15.06%, respectively. Experiments showed that pure or encapsulated LHE is an effective method for increasing the quality and preventing the browning of shrimp. Additionally, due to its cost-effectiveness and health benefits, it can be an effective natural substitute for sodium metabisulfite at the global export level.
PubMed: 38952561
DOI: 10.1016/j.fochx.2024.101532 -
Frontiers in Microbiology 2024starter serves as the saccharifying and fermenting agent in the production of Cantonese soybean-flavor (Chi-flavor) , and the complex microbial communities determine...
starter serves as the saccharifying and fermenting agent in the production of Cantonese soybean-flavor (Chi-flavor) , and the complex microbial communities determine the flavor and quality of the product. Round-Koji-mechanical starter (produced by using an automated starter-making disk machine) is advantageous as it decreases operator influence, labor costs, and fermentation time, but the product quality is lower compared to traditional starter. Thus, two types of starters (traditional and Round-Koji-mechanical starter) from a Cantonese factory were compared in a metagenomic analysis to investigate the differences in microbial community composition and core microbes. The results showed that several core microbes related to carbohydrate metabolism, amino acid metabolism and lipid metabolism, were differentially enriched in the traditional starter. and were significantly positively correlated with the three key metabolic pathways. and were significantly positively correlated with two of the three key metabolic pathways. The results of this study provide a basis for understanding the differential core microbes in traditional and Round-Koji-mechanical starters of Chi-flavor , and they also provide guidance for improving Round-Koji-mechanical starter.
PubMed: 38952453
DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1390899 -
Frontiers in Microbiology 2024African swine fever (ASF) is an infectious disease characterized by hemorrhagic fever, which is highly pathogenic and causes severe mortality in domestic pigs. It is...
African swine fever (ASF) is an infectious disease characterized by hemorrhagic fever, which is highly pathogenic and causes severe mortality in domestic pigs. It is caused by the African swine fever virus (ASFV). ASFV is a large DNA virus and primarily infects porcine monocyte macrophages. The interaction between ASFV and host macrophages is the major reason for gross pathological lesions caused by ASFV. Necroptosis is an inflammatory programmed cell death and plays an important immune role during virus infection. However, whether and how ASFV induces macrophage necroptosis and the effect of necroptosis signaling on host immunity and ASFV infection remains unknown. This study uncovered that ASFV infection activates the necroptosis signaling and macrophage necroptosis . Further evidence showed that ASFV infection upregulates the expression of ZBP1 and RIPK3 to consist of the ZBP1-RIPK3-MLKL necrosome and further activates macrophage necroptosis. Subsequently, multiple Z-DNA sequences were predicted to be present in the ASFV genome. The Z-DNA signals were further confirmed to be present and colocalized with ZBP1 in the cytoplasm and nucleus of ASFV-infected cells. Moreover, ZBP1-mediated macrophage necroptosis provoked the extracellular release of proinflammatory cytokines, including TNF-α and IL-1β induced by ASFV infection. Finally, we demonstrated that ZBP1-mediated necroptosis signaling inhibits ASFV replication in host macrophages. Our findings uncovered a novel mechanism by which ASFV induces macrophage necroptosis by facilitating Z-DNA accumulation and ZBP1 necrosome assembly, providing significant insights into the pathogenesis of ASFV infection.
PubMed: 38952452
DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1419615 -
Frontiers in Microbiology 2024[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1334045.].
[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1334045.].
PubMed: 38952449
DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1433047 -
Frontiers in Microbiology 2024Weeds are significant factors that detrimentally affect crop health and hinder optimal herbage yield. Rhizosphere microorganisms play crucial roles in plant growth,...
INTRODUCTION
Weeds are significant factors that detrimentally affect crop health and hinder optimal herbage yield. Rhizosphere microorganisms play crucial roles in plant growth, development, and nutrient uptake. Therefore, research focusing on weed control through the lens of microorganisms has emerged as a prominent area of study. The oil-producing fungus , which is known for its numerous agricultural benefits, has garnered significant attention in recent years.
METHODS
In this study, we conducted inoculation experiments in a controlled artificial culture climate chamber to investigate the effects of differential hormones and differentially expressed genes in the stems and leaves of using Liquid Chromatography Tandem Mass Spectrometry and RNA-seq techniques, respectively. Additionally, Pearson's correlation analysis was used to establish correlations between differential hormones and growth indicators of .
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
The results demonstrated that inoculation with sp. MXBP304 effectively suppressed aboveground biomass and plant height in . Furthermore, there was significant upregulation and downregulation in the expression of genes involved in the synthesis and metabolism of phenylalanine and L-phenylalanine. Conversely, the expression of genes related to tryptophan, L-tryptophan, and indole was significantly downregulated. The addition of sp. MXBP304 can influence the gene expression associated with phenylalanine and tryptophan synthesis and metabolism during growth, subsequently reducing the relative contents of phenylalanine and tryptophan, thereby directly inhibiting growth.
PubMed: 38952443
DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1385992 -
Frontiers in Microbiology 2024Oxidative stress plays a pivotal role in modulating the balance of intestinal flora and the gut-liver axis, while also serving as a key determinant of the growth...
INTRODUCTION
Oxidative stress plays a pivotal role in modulating the balance of intestinal flora and the gut-liver axis, while also serving as a key determinant of the growth potential of weaned piglets. However, few studies have subdivided and compared acute and chronic oxidative stress.
METHODS
In this study, an intestinal model of acute oxidative stress in weaned piglets using paraquat (PQ) and a chronic oxidative stress model using D-galactosa in weaned piglets were conducted. And we further systematically compare their effects.
RESULTS
Both acute and chronic oxidative stress models impaired intestinal barrier function and liver function. Chronic stress caused by D-galactose can result in severe redox dysregulation, while acute stress caused by paraquat can lead to inflammation and liver damage. Additionally, the components involved in the CAR pathway were expressed differently. Chronic or acute oxidative stress can reduce the diversity and composition of intestinal flora. In the PQ group, the richness of Mogibacterium and Denitratisoma improved, but in the D-gal group, the richness of Catenisphaera and Syntrophococcus increased.
DISCUSSION
Not only does this research deepen our understanding of the effects of acute and chronic oxidative stress on intestinal functions, but it also characterizes characteristic changes in the gut flora, potentially identifying novel therapeutic targets and opening new avenues for future research.
PubMed: 38952442
DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1414486 -
Heliyon Jun 2024The topic of consumer food choice has received much attention among researchers and stakeholders within the food industry. However, in order to better facilitate food... (Review)
Review
The topic of consumer food choice has received much attention among researchers and stakeholders within the food industry. However, in order to better facilitate food consumption towards a more sustainable direction, we need increased knowledge and understanding of factors that influence consumers' food choice. This study is a systematic review of reviews conducted between 2017 and 2021, summarising and synthesising reviews on food choice. The aim is to provide an update of the current knowledge on consumer food choice, point out what is already known, and identify knowledge gaps to enable a prioritisation for future research. The analysis highlights decisive factors in food choice, i.e. product, available information, price, context, personal and group influences and sensory perceptions. The synthesis of findings follows a socioecological model, integrating four different levels of the social and environmental systems: the physical food environment, the social and community level, interpersonal relations and, finally, individual characteristics such as psychological and behavioural factors. Results show that behavioural patterns, influenced by strong informal institutions, such as culture and norms, can be difficult to break; for example, changing into more sustainable food behaviour. The findings suggest that more interdisciplinary research and studies in real-life settings are needed to grasp the complexity of food choice. This would allow for us to better understand consumers as social beings shaped by, among other things, the physical environment, social interactions, and culture.
PubMed: 38952383
DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e32492 -
Heliyon Jun 2024The present study was carried out at the Plant Pathology Hafizabad Research Station, the University of Layyah, during the crop seasons 2021-2022 and 2022-2023 to...
The present study was carried out at the Plant Pathology Hafizabad Research Station, the University of Layyah, during the crop seasons 2021-2022 and 2022-2023 to evaluate the response of various wheat genotypes against leaf rust severity (%), environmental conditions favourable for disease development and grain yield. Except for minimum temperature and minimum relative humidity, which had a negative association with disease development, there was a significant correlation between leaf rust severity (%) and all environmental conditions such as maximum temperature, maximum relative humidity, rainfall, and wind speed. All epidemiological variables such as maximum temperature, minimum temperature, minimum relative humidity, rainfall and wind speed significantly affect the disease progression. The disease predictive model accounted for 48-69 % variability in leaf rust severity. The model performance was evaluated using the coefficient of determination (R = 0.69) and RMSE, both demonstrated acceptable predictive results for leaf rust severity (%) management. Leaf rust severity (%) increased with an increase in maximum temperature (17.8-30 °C), maximum relative humidity (76.3-85 %), rainfall (2.2-10.85 mm) and wind speed 1.1-2.7 km/h and decreased with the increase of minimum temperature (7.91-16.71 °C) minimum relative humidity (47.15-56.45 %) during both rating seasons 2021-2022 and 2022-2023. The single and two applications of fungicides at the Zadok's scale 3, ZS 4.3, and ZS 5.4 stages led to a significant reduction in grain yield losses caused by leaf rust severity (%) in both the 2021-2022 and 2022-2023 crop seasons. Single and two sprays of prothioconazole, were found to be the first choice among all treatments to reduce the disease severity and increase grain production and maximum gross revenue (513.1-777.8$/ha), as compared to followed by single and two sprays of propiconazole (Progress), tebuconazole + trifloxystrobin, tebuconazole, bixafen + tebuconazole, and propiconazole (Tilt), respectively. These findings recommend the involvement of genotype resistance and weather predictors in wheat leaf rust development, along with fungicide application studies, to improve the predictability of host resistance to disease, future models, and the sustainability of disease control methods.
PubMed: 38952372
DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e32564 -
Heliyon Jun 2024The data element-driven industry (DEDI) generates large amounts of data, thereby mitigating information asymmetry. Does this affect corporate cash holdings? On the basis...
The data element-driven industry (DEDI) generates large amounts of data, thereby mitigating information asymmetry. Does this affect corporate cash holdings? On the basis of theoretical analysis, this study empirically analyzes the impact of DEDI on enterprises' cash holdings and its transmission path using data of Chinese cities and A-share listed enterprises from 2008 to 2020. First, the results indicate that the DEDI reduces corporate cash holdings. As the development level of the DEDI improves, the corporate cash holdings gradually decrease. Second, the DEDI indirectly affects corporate cash holdings by influencing debt-financing and external credit supply capacities. Specifically, the DEDI increases the upstream corporate debt-financing and downstream corporate external credit supply capacities. Improvements in debt-financing and the external credit supply capacities can reduce corporate cash holdings. Third, the DEDI has a heterogeneous impact. For enterprise with CEO duality, small and medium-sized, and information technology enterprises, the impact of DEDI in reducing cash holdings is greater.
PubMed: 38952370
DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e32737