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Journal of Applied Oral Science :... 2024Studies have highlighted numerous benefits of ozone therapy in the field of medicine and dentistry, including its antimicrobial efficacy against various pathogenic...
OBJECTIVE
Studies have highlighted numerous benefits of ozone therapy in the field of medicine and dentistry, including its antimicrobial efficacy against various pathogenic microorganisms, its ability to modulate the immune system effectively, reduce inflammation, prevent hypoxia, and support tissue regeneration. However, its effects on dental extraction healing remain to be elucidated. .Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the effects of systemically administered ozone (O3) at different doses in the healing of dental extraction sockets in rats.
METHODOLOGY
To this end, 72 Wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups after extraction of the right upper central incisor: Group C - control, no systemic treatment; Group OZ0.3 - animals received a single dose of 0.3 mg/kg O3; Group OZ0.7 - a single dose of 0.7 mg/kg O3; and Group OZ1.0 - a single dose of 1.0 mg/kg O3, intraperitoneally. In total, six animals from each group were euthanized at 7, 14, and 21 days after the commencement of treatment. Bone samples were harvested and further analyzed by descriptive histology, histomorphometry, and immunohistochemistry for osteocalcin (OCN) and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) protein expression.
RESULTS
All applied doses of O3 were shown to increase the percentage of bone tissue (PBT) after 21 days compared to group C. After 14 days, the OZ0.7 and OZ1.0 groups showed significantly higher PBT when compared to group C. The OZ1.0 group presented the most beneficial results regarding PBT among groups, which denotes a dose-dependent response. OCN immunostaining was higher in all groups at 21 days. However, after seven and 14 days, the OZ1.0 group showed a significant increase in OCN immunostaining compared to C group. No differences in TRAP+ osteoclasts were found between groups and time points.
CONCLUSION
Therefore, O3 therapy at higher doses might be beneficial for bone repair of the alveolar socket following tooth extraction.
Topics: Animals; Ozone; Rats, Wistar; Tooth Extraction; Tooth Socket; Wound Healing; Tartrate-Resistant Acid Phosphatase; Immunohistochemistry; Osteocalcin; Time Factors; Male; Random Allocation; Reproducibility of Results; Treatment Outcome; Reference Values
PubMed: 38747807
DOI: 10.1590/1678-7757-2023-0412 -
Cureus Apr 2024Solitary median maxillary central incisor (SMMCI) syndrome is complex and usually develops 35-38 days postconception during the intrauterine period. A noteworthy...
Solitary median maxillary central incisor (SMMCI) syndrome is complex and usually develops 35-38 days postconception during the intrauterine period. A noteworthy discovery is that just one central incisor in the maxillary alveolus, found exactly on the centerline, is present in both deciduous and permanent dentitions with other congenital anomalies. Around one in every 50,000 live babies exhibits this abnormality. This report describes the case of a 13-year-old female patient with SMMCI syndrome with a complaint about an unsightly appearance due to a single large upper front tooth. We underline the importance of increasing clinician awareness of SMMCI syndrome and the need for a multidisciplinary approach to its care.
PubMed: 38741811
DOI: 10.7759/cureus.58101 -
Cureus Apr 2024Alveolar bone resorption is a natural occurrence following tooth extraction, complicating the process of prosthetic rehabilitation with implants. Techniques such as...
Alveolar bone resorption is a natural occurrence following tooth extraction, complicating the process of prosthetic rehabilitation with implants. Techniques such as socket preservation, atraumatic extraction, and immediate implant placement are employed to reduce the dimensional changes associated with extraction. The socket shield technique (SST) is effective in preserving the alveolar ridge's contour, enhancing the aesthetic results of rehabilitation by maintaining the integrity of the bundle bone complex even when the buccal bone is less than 1mm. This case report presents a 23-year-old female patient with a fractured upper central incisor. The socket shield technique was chosen based on the clinical findings from the cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) scan. Immediate temporization was provided to preserve soft tissue integration. A comparison of the initial and subsequent cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans, along with clinical observations, suggests that the socket shield technique is a viable method for preserving both hard and soft tissue structures in the anterior dental region, thereby improving aesthetic outcomes.
PubMed: 38738015
DOI: 10.7759/cureus.57940 -
Contemporary Clinical Dentistry 2024This case report describes a case of intention replantation in a 15-year-old patient with a mandibular permanent right second molar that had undergone root canal...
This case report describes a case of intention replantation in a 15-year-old patient with a mandibular permanent right second molar that had undergone root canal treatment previously. The tooth was tender on percussion. Radiographic evaluation showed the presence of a separated instrument and periapical radiolucency. The surgical procedure was performed under local anesthesia, and the tooth was extracted. After cleaning and disinfecting the root canal system, the tooth was reimplanted, and the socket was filled with a mixture of bone graft material and a growth factor. A stainless steel crown was then placed to protect the tooth. A follow-up examination was performed after 12 months. The clinical and radiographic examinations revealed a well-healing periapical lesion with no signs of infection. The patient was asymptomatic, and the tooth was functional. The results of this case indicate that intentional replantation can lead to a favorable outcome.
PubMed: 38707664
DOI: 10.4103/ccd.ccd_134_23 -
Journal of Medical Case Reports May 2024Peripheral ossifying fibroma is a nonneoplastic inflammatory hyperplasia that originates in the periodontal ligament or periosteum in response to chronic mechanical... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Peripheral ossifying fibroma is a nonneoplastic inflammatory hyperplasia that originates in the periodontal ligament or periosteum in response to chronic mechanical irritation. Peripheral ossifying fibroma develops more commonly in young females as a solitary, slow-growing, exophytic nodular mass of the gingiva, no more than 2 cm in diameter. While various synonyms have been used to refer to peripheral ossifying fibroma, very similar names have also been applied to neoplastic diseases that are pathologically distinct from peripheral ossifying fibroma, causing considerable nomenclatural confusion. Herein, we report our experience with an unusual giant peripheral ossifying fibroma with a differential diagnostic challenge in distinguishing it from a malignancy.
CASE PRESENTATION
A 68-year-old Japanese male was referred to our department with a suspected gingival malignancy presenting with an elastic hard, pedunculated, exophytic mass 60 mm in diameter in the right maxillary gingiva. In addition to computed tomography showing extensive bone destruction in the right maxillary alveolus, positron emission tomography with computed tomography revealed fluorodeoxyglucose hyperaccumulation in the gingival lesion. Although these clinical findings were highly suggestive of malignancy, repeated preoperative biopsies showed no evidence of malignancy. Since even intraoperative frozen histological examination revealed no malignancy, surgical resection was performed in the form of partial maxillectomy for benign disease, followed by thorough curettage of the surrounding granulation tissue and alveolar bone. Histologically, the excised mass consisted primarily of a fibrous component with sparse proliferation of atypical fibroblast-like cells, partly comprising ossification, leading to a final diagnosis of peripheral ossifying fibroma. No relapse was observed at the 10-month follow-up.
CONCLUSIONS
The clinical presentation of giant peripheral ossifying fibromas can make the differential diagnosis from malignancy difficult. Proper diagnosis relies on recognition of the characteristic histopathology and identification of the underlying chronic mechanical stimuli, while successful treatment mandates complete excision of the lesion and optimization of oral hygiene. Complicated terminological issues associated with peripheral ossifying fibroma require appropriate interpretation and sufficient awareness of the disease names to avoid diagnostic confusion and provide optimal management.
Topics: Humans; Fibroma, Ossifying; Male; Aged; Diagnosis, Differential; Gingival Neoplasms; Maxillary Neoplasms; Tomography, X-Ray Computed; Maxilla
PubMed: 38702820
DOI: 10.1186/s13256-024-04529-9 -
International Journal of Molecular... Apr 2024In addition to post-extraction bleeding, pronounced alveolar bone resorption is a very common complication after tooth extraction in patients undergoing anticoagulation...
In addition to post-extraction bleeding, pronounced alveolar bone resorption is a very common complication after tooth extraction in patients undergoing anticoagulation therapy. The novel, biodegenerative, polyurethane adhesive VIVO has shown a positive effect on soft tissue regeneration and hemostasis. However, the regenerative potential of VIVO in terms of bone regeneration has not yet been explored. The present rodent study compared the post-extraction bone healing of a collagen sponge (COSP) and VIVO in the context of ongoing anticoagulation therapy. According to a split-mouth design, a total of 178 extraction sockets were generated under rivaroxaban treatment, of which 89 extraction sockets were treated with VIVO and 89 with COSP. Post-extraction bone analysis was conducted via in vivo micro-computed tomography (µCT), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) after 5, 10, and 90 days. During the observation time of 90 days, µCT analysis revealed that VIVO and COSP led to significant increases in both bone volume and bone density ( ≤ 0.001). SEM images of the extraction sockets treated with either VIVO or COSP showed bone regeneration in the form of lamellar bone mass. Ratios of Ca/C and Ca/P observed via EDX indicated newly formed bone matrixes in both treatments after 90 days. There were no statistical differences between treatment with VIVO or COSP. The hemostatic agents VIVO and COSP were both able to prevent pronounced bone loss, and both demonstrated a strong positive influence on the bone regeneration of the alveolar ridge post-extraction.
Topics: Animals; Bone Regeneration; Tooth Extraction; Rats; X-Ray Microtomography; Male; Anticoagulants; Tissue Adhesives; Alveolar Bone Loss; Collagen
PubMed: 38673796
DOI: 10.3390/ijms25084210 -
Journal of Clinical Medicine Apr 2024(1) This study aimed to compare a collagen matrix to a hemostatic gelatin sponge as a socket seal in alveolar ridge preservation (ARP). (2) Systemically healthy...
(1) This study aimed to compare a collagen matrix to a hemostatic gelatin sponge as a socket seal in alveolar ridge preservation (ARP). (2) Systemically healthy patients planned for ARP at two sites with more than 50% of the buccal bone wall remaining after tooth extraction were eligible for inclusion. ARP involved socket grafting using collagen-enriched deproteinized bovine bone mineral. Sites were then randomly assigned to the test group (collagen matrix) or the control group (hemostatic gelatin sponge). The primary outcome was soft tissue thickness in the center of the site at 4 months, analyzed on cone-beam computed tomography. Secondary outcomes included the buccal and lingual soft tissue heights, horizontal bone loss, buccal soft tissue profile changes, wound dimensions, and Socket Wound Healing Score (SWHS). (3) In total, 18 patients (12 females, 6 males) with a mean age of 57.3 years (SD 11.1) were included. Four months after ARP, the soft tissue thickness in the center of the site amounted to 2.48 mm (SD 0.70) in the test group and 1.81 mm (SD 0.69) in the control group. The difference of 0.67 mm (95% CI: 0.20-1.14) in favor of the collagen matrix was statistically significant ( < 0.009). The buccal soft tissue height was also statistically significantly higher for the collagen matrix (0.72 mm; 95% CI: 0.06-1.38; = 0.034). A trend favoring the collagen matrix was found for the lingual soft tissue height ( = 0.066). No significant differences between the groups in terms of horizontal bone loss, buccal soft tissue profile changes, wound dimensions, and the SWHS were found. (4) The absence of significant differences in hard tissue outcomes suggests that both the collagen matrix and hemostatic gelatin sponge effectively sealed the extraction socket and supported bone preservation. However, the collagen matrix better maintained soft tissue dimensions. The clinical relevance of this finding with respect to the necessity for adjunctive soft tissue augmentation at the time of implant placement is yet to be studied.
PubMed: 38673566
DOI: 10.3390/jcm13082293 -
Gels (Basel, Switzerland) Mar 2024Tooth avulsion and delayed replantation may cause inflammatory responses and root resorption of the tooth. The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of a...
BACKGROUND/AIM
Tooth avulsion and delayed replantation may cause inflammatory responses and root resorption of the tooth. The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of a doxycycline-loaded nitric oxide-releasing nanomatrix (DN) gel on the delayed replantation of avulsed rat teeth, with a focus on assessing the gel's potential to promote regeneration and inhibit complications associated with the replantation process.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Twenty-four right maxillary first molars from male Sprague-Dawley rats were atraumatically extracted using sterile extraction forceps. The molars were dried for 1 h at room temperature (approximately 23 °C) and divided into four groups according to the root conditioning methods after extra-alveolar 60-min drying: Group 1, no root conditioning treatment prior to replantation; Group 2, soaking in 2% NaF solution for 5 min before replantation; Group 3, 5-min soaking in NO gel and injection of the gel into the alveolar socket; Group 4, 5-min soaking in DN gel and injection of the gel into the alveolar socket before replantation. The animals were euthanized four weeks after the operation and the specimens were evaluated histologically.
RESULTS
The use of NO gel alone showed better anti-inflammatory and periodontal effects than the control group, but it did not show a significant effect compared to the group using NaF. When using NO gel loaded with doxycycline, it showed a significant anti-inflammatory effect compared to the control group and showed a similar inhibitory effect to the group using NaF.
CONCLUSIONS
Within the limits of this study, in delayed replantation situations, the control of inflammatory resorption and replacement resorption is an important factor for achieving a better prognosis of replanted teeth. Root surface treatment with DN gel decreased root resorption after delayed replantation.
PubMed: 38667632
DOI: 10.3390/gels10040213 -
Frontiers in Bioengineering and... 2024Several diseases affect the alveoli, and the efficacy of medical treatments and pharmaceutical therapies is hampered by the lack of pre-clinical models able to recreate...
Several diseases affect the alveoli, and the efficacy of medical treatments and pharmaceutical therapies is hampered by the lack of pre-clinical models able to recreate the diseases. Microfluidic devices, mimicking the key structural and compositional features of the alveoli, offer several advantages to medium and high-throughput analysis of new candidate therapies. Here, we developed an alveolus-on-a-chip recapitulating the microanatomy of the physiological tissue by including the epithelium, the fibrous interstitial layer and the capillary endothelium. A PDMS device was obtained assembling a top layer and a bottom layer obtained by replica molding. A polycaprolactone/gelatin (PCL-Gel) electrospun membrane was included within the two layers supporting the seeding of 3 cell phenotypes. Epithelial cells were grown on a fibroblast-laden collagen hydrogel located on the top side of the PCL-Gel mats while endothelial cells were seeded on the basolateral side of the membrane. The innovative design of the microfluidic device allows to replicate both cell-cell and cell-extracellular matrix interactions according to the cell arrangement along with the establishment of physiologically relevant air-liquid interface conditions. Indeed, high cell viability was confirmed for up to 10 days and the formation of a tight endothelial and epithelial barrier was assessed by immunofluorescence assays.
PubMed: 38646009
DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2024.1346660 -
Dental Materials Journal Jun 2024The delayed mucosal healing of tooth extraction sockets in diabetes has few known effective treatment strategies, and its underlying mechanism remains unknown. Senescent...
The delayed mucosal healing of tooth extraction sockets in diabetes has few known effective treatment strategies, and its underlying mechanism remains unknown. Senescent cells may play a pivotal role in this delay, given the well-established association between diabetes, senescent cells, and wound healing. Here, we demonstrated an increase in p21- or p16-positive senescent cells in the epithelial and connective tissues of extraction sockets in type 2 diabetic rats compared to those in control rats. Between 7 and 14 days after tooth extraction, a decrease in senescent cells and improvement in re-epithelialization failure were observed in the epithelium, while an increase in senescent cells and persistence of inflammation were observed in the connective tissue. These results suggest that cellular senescence may have been induced by diabetes and contributed to delayed mucosal healing by suppressing re-epithelization and persistent inflammation. These findings provide new targets for treatment using biomaterials, cells, and drugs.
Topics: Animals; Rats; Tooth Extraction; Wound Healing; Cellular Senescence; Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental; Male; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Tooth Socket; Biocompatible Materials; Mouth Mucosa; Rats, Sprague-Dawley
PubMed: 38644214
DOI: 10.4012/dmj.2023-262