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Animals : An Open Access Journal From... Nov 2023The physical properties, free amino acids, and metabolites of Beijing-You chicken (BYC) breast meat aged 90, 120, and 150 days were analyzed to investigate the flavor...
The physical properties, free amino acids, and metabolites of Beijing-You chicken (BYC) breast meat aged 90, 120, and 150 days were analyzed to investigate the flavor changes with age. The shear force and intramuscular fat increased from 90 to 120 days significantly. The contents of total free amino acids and essential amino acids decreased from 90 to 120 days significantly. No significant differences were detected between 120 and 150 days. The contents of sweet amino acids, bitter amino acids, and umami amino acids showed no significant differences between different ages. In addition, GC-MS and LC-MS were integrated for metabolite detection in breast meat. A total of 128, 142, and 88 differential metabolites were identified in the comparison groups of 120 d vs. 90 d, 150 d vs. 90 d, and 150 d vs. 120 d. Amino acids and lipids were the main differential metabolites. The pathway analysis showed that arginine biosynthesis, histidine metabolism, purine metabolism, and cysteine and methionine metabolism were the main pathways involved in flavor formation during BYC development. It was also found that the metabolites associated with flavor, such as methionine, cysteine, glucose, anserine, arachidonic acid, and glycerol 1-phosphate, were significantly affected by age.
PubMed: 37958174
DOI: 10.3390/ani13213419 -
Zhongguo Xiu Fu Chong Jian Wai Ke Za... Oct 2023To evaluate the operability and effectiveness of a self-developed patellar bone canal locator (hereinafter referred to as "locator") in the reconstruction of the medial... (Randomized Controlled Trial)
Randomized Controlled Trial
OBJECTIVE
To evaluate the operability and effectiveness of a self-developed patellar bone canal locator (hereinafter referred to as "locator") in the reconstruction of the medial patellofemoral ligament (MPFL).
METHODS
A total of 38 patients with recurrent patellar dislocation who met the selection criteria admitted between January 2022 and December 2022 were randomly divided into study group (the patellar canal was established with a locator during MPFL reconstruction) and control group (no locator was used in MPFL reconstruction), with 19 cases in each group. There was no significant difference in baseline data between the two groups ( >0.05), such as gender, age, body mass index, disease duration, patella Wiberg classification, constituent ratio of cartilage injury, Caton index, tibia tubercle-trochlear groove, and preoperative Lysholm score, Kujal score, Tegner score, visual analogue scale (VAS) score, and so on. The Lysholm score, Kujal score, Tegner score, and VAS score were used to evaluate knee joint function before operation and at 3 days,1 month, 3 months, and 6 months after operation. The ideal prepatellar cortical thickness and canal length were measured before operation, and the actual prepatellar cortical thickness and canal length after operation were also measured, and D1 (the distance between the ideal entrance and the actual entrance), D2 (the ideal canal length minus the actual canal length), D3 (the ideal prepatellar cortical thickness minus the actual prepatellar cortical thickness) were calculated.
RESULTS
Patients in both groups were followed up 6-8 months (mean, 6.7 months). The incision length and intraoperative blood loss in the study group were smaller than those in the control group, but the operation time was longer than that in the control group, the differences were significant ( <0.05). There was no complication such as incision infection, effusion, and delayed healing in both groups, and no further dislocation occurred during follow-up. One patient in the study group had persistent pain in the anserine area after operation, and the symptoms were relieved after physiotherapy. The VAS score of the two groups increased significantly at 3 days after operation, and gradually decreased with the extension of time; the change trends of Lysholm score, Kujal score, and Tegner score were opposite to VAS score. Except that the Lysholm score and Kujal score of the study group were higher than those of the control group at 3 days after operation, and the VAS score of the study group was lower than that of the control group at 3 days and 1 month after operation, the differences were significant ( <0.05), there was no significant difference in the scores between the two groups at other time points ( >0.05). Patellar bone canal evaluation showed that there was no significant difference in preoperative simulated ideal canal length, prepatellar cortical thickness, and postoperative actual canal length between the two groups ( >0.05). The postoperative actual prepatellar cortical thickness of the study group was significantly smaller than that of the control group ( <0.05). D1 and D3 in the study group were significantly higher than those in control group ( <0.05), but there was no significant difference in D2 between the two groups ( >0.05).
CONCLUSION
The locator can improve the accuracy of MPFL reconstruction surgery, reduce the possibility of intraoperative damage to the articular surface of patella and postoperative patellar fractures.
Topics: Humans; Patella; Patellar Dislocation; Patellofemoral Joint; Knee Joint; Joint Dislocations; Ligaments, Articular
PubMed: 37848318
DOI: 10.7507/1002-1892.202306060 -
Poultry Science Dec 2023The aim of the present study was to identify and quantify the metabolites (metabolome analysis) of the pectoralis major muscle in male red-winged tinamou (Rhynchotus...
The aim of the present study was to identify and quantify the metabolites (metabolome analysis) of the pectoralis major muscle in male red-winged tinamou (Rhynchotus rufescens) selected for growth traits. A selection index was developed for females [body weight (BW), chest circumference (CC), and thigh circumference (TC)] and males [BW, CC, TC, semen volume, and sperm concentration] in order to divide the animals into 2 experimental groups: selection group with a higher index (TinamouS) and commercial group with a lower index (TinamouC). Twenty male offspring of the 2 groups (TinamouS, n = 10; TinamouC, n = 10) were confined for 350 d. The birds were slaughtered and pectoralis major muscle samples were collected, subjected to polar and apolar metabolites extractions and analyzed by proton nuclear magnetic resonance (H NMR) spectroscopy. Analysis of the polar metabolomic profile identified 65 metabolites; 29 of them were differentially expressed between the experimental groups (P < 0.05). The TinamouS groups exhibited significantly higher concentrations (P < 0.05) of 25 metabolites, including anserine, aspartate, betaine, carnosine, creatine, glutamate, threonine, 3-methylhistidine, NAD+, pyruvate, and taurine. Significantly higher concentrations of cysteine, beta-alanine, lactose, and choline were observed in the TinamouC group (P < 0.05). The metabolites identified in the muscle provided information about the main metabolic pathways (higher impact value and P < 0.05), for example, phenylalanine, tyrosine and tryptophan biosynthesis; alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism; D-glutamine and D-glutamate metabolism; β-alanine metabolism; glycine, serine and threonine metabolism; taurine and hypotaurine metabolism; histidine metabolism; phenylalanine metabolism. The NMR spectra of apolar fraction showed 8 classes of chemical compounds. The metabolome analysis shows that the selection index resulted in the upregulation of polyunsaturated fatty acids, unsaturated fatty acids, phosphocholines, phosphoethanolamines, triacylglycerols, and glycerophospholipids. The present study suggests that, despite few generations, the selection based on muscle growth traits promoted changes in metabolite concentrations in red-winged tinamou.
Topics: Female; Male; Animals; Pectoralis Muscles; Aspartic Acid; Chickens; Semen; Metabolome; Metabolomics; Body Weight; Taurine; beta-Alanine; Phenylalanine; Threonine; Glutamates
PubMed: 37837680
DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2023.103104 -
Advances in Orthopedics 2023Pes anserine bursitis (PAB) is one of the most common causes of painful knee syndromes. This study aimed at examining the efficacy of local corticosteroid injection,...
Comparing the Efficacy of Local Corticosteroid Injection, Platelet-Rich Plasma, and Extracorporeal Shockwave Therapy in the Treatment of Pes Anserine Bursitis: A Prospective, Randomized, Comparative Study.
BACKGROUND
Pes anserine bursitis (PAB) is one of the most common causes of painful knee syndromes. This study aimed at examining the efficacy of local corticosteroid injection, platelet-rich plasma (PRP) injection, and extracorporeal shock wave therapy (ESWT) as different modalities to alleviate pain and enhance function in patients with pes anserine bursitis (PAB).
METHODS
A prospective, randomized, comparative study was conducted on 180 patients diagnosed with chronic PAB. They were equally divided into three groups as follows: Group I received a local corticosteroid injection of 40 mg of methylprednisolone acetate/1 ml; Group II received a PRP injection; and in Group III, ESWT was used. Outcome measures included the visual analog scale (VAS), Western Ontario and McMaster Universities (WOMAC) pain score, WOMAC physical function score, and Ritchie articular index (RAI) for tenderness, which were recorded at the baseline, after 1 week, and after 8 weeks.
RESULTS
Before the application of procedures, there was a statistically significant increase in the WOMAC pain score in the local corticosteroid group compared to the PRP group and the ESWT group ( < 0.001). After the application of procedures, there was a statistically significant improvement in the 1-week and 8-week WOMAC pain score, WOMAC physical function score, and VAS in the local corticosteroid group in comparison to the PRP group and the ESWT group. ( < 0.001). Moreover, RAI for tenderness shows statistically significant improvement at 8 weeks in the local corticosteroid groups compared to the PRP groups ( < 0.001) and ESWT groups ( < 0.001). Similarly, a statistically significant difference was found between the PRP and ESWT groups (=0.023).
CONCLUSION
Our data suggest that in patients with PAB, local corticosteroid injection is more efficient than PRP injection and ESWT for reducing pain and enhancing function.
PubMed: 37810418
DOI: 10.1155/2023/5545520 -
Pharmacological Research Oct 2023Solute carrier (SLC) transport proteins are fundamental for the translocation of endogenous compounds and drugs across membranes, thus playing a critical role in disease...
Solute carrier (SLC) transport proteins are fundamental for the translocation of endogenous compounds and drugs across membranes, thus playing a critical role in disease susceptibility and drug response. Because only a limited number of transporter substrates are currently known, the function of a large number of SLC transporters is elusive. Here, we describe the proof-of-concept of a novel strategy to identify SLC transporter substrates exemplarily for the proton-coupled peptide transporter (PEPT) 2 (SLC15A2) and multidrug and toxin extrusion (MATE) 1 transporter (SLC47A1), which are important renal transporters of drug reabsorption and excretion, respectively. By combining metabolomic profiling of mice with genetically-disrupted transporters, in silico ligand screening and in vitro transport studies for experimental validation, we identified nucleobases and nucleoside-derived anticancer and antiviral agents (flucytosine, cytarabine, gemcitabine, capecitabine) as novel drug substrates of the MATE1 transporter. Our data confirms the successful applicability of this new approach for the identification of transporter substrates in general, which may prove particularly relevant in drug research.
Topics: Animals; Mice; Ligands; Membrane Transport Proteins; Solute Carrier Proteins; Biological Transport
PubMed: 37775020
DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2023.106941 -
Physiological Reports Oct 2023We evaluated whether anserine, a methylated analog of the dipeptide carnosine, is present in the cardiac and skeletal muscles of humans and whether the CARNMT1 gene,...
We evaluated whether anserine, a methylated analog of the dipeptide carnosine, is present in the cardiac and skeletal muscles of humans and whether the CARNMT1 gene, which encodes the anserine synthesizing enzyme carnosine-N-methyltransferase, is expressed in human skeletal muscle. We found that anserine is present at low concentrations (low micromolar range) in both cardiac and skeletal muscles, and that anserine content in skeletal muscle is ~15 times higher than in cardiac muscle (cardiac muscle: 10.1 ± 13.4 μmol·kg of dry muscle, n = 12; skeletal muscle: 158.1 ± 68.5 μmol·kg of dry muscle, n = 11, p < 0.0001). Anserine content in the heart was highly variable between individuals, ranging from 1.4 to 45.4 μmol·kg of dry muscle, but anserine content was not associated with sex, age, or body mass. We also showed that CARNMT1 gene is poorly expressed in skeletal muscle (n = 10). This is the first study to demonstrate that anserine is present in the ventricle of the human heart. The presence of anserine in human heart and the confirmation of its expression in human skeletal muscle open new avenues of investigation on the specific and differential physiological functions of histidine dipeptides in striated muscles.
Topics: Humans; Anserine; Carnosine; Muscle, Skeletal; Dipeptides; Myocardium
PubMed: 37771070
DOI: 10.14814/phy2.15833 -
Marine Drugs Aug 2023Anserine is a naturally occurring histidine dipeptide with significant antioxidant activities. This study aimed to investigate the preventive mechanism of anserine on...
Anserine is a naturally occurring histidine dipeptide with significant antioxidant activities. This study aimed to investigate the preventive mechanism of anserine on tert-butyl hydroperoxide (TBHP)-induced liver damage in a normal human liver cell line (L-02 cells). The L-02 cells were pretreated with anserine (10, 20, and 40 mmol/L) and then induced with 400 μmol/L of TBHP for 4 h. The results showed that the survival rates of L-02 cells and the contents of GSH were significantly increased with the pretreatment of anserine; the activities of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) in the extracellular fluid were sharply decreased; and the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), nuclear fragmentation, and apoptosis were significantly inhibited. In addition, anserine could bind to the Kelch domain of Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap1) with a binding force of -7.2 kcal/mol; the protein expressions of nuclear factor-erythroid 2-related factor-2 (Nrf2), quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1), heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), and Bcl-2 were upregulated by anserine in TBHP-induced L-02 cells, with the downregulation of p-JNK and caspase-3. In conclusion, anserine might alleviated liver injury in L-02 cells via regulating related proteins in the Keap1-Nrf2 and JNK-Caspase-3 signaling pathways.
PubMed: 37755089
DOI: 10.3390/md21090477 -
Amino Acids Nov 2023Diabetic kidney disease (DKD), a highly prevalent complication of diabetes mellitus, is a major cause of mortality in patients. However, identifying circulatory markers...
Diabetic kidney disease (DKD), a highly prevalent complication of diabetes mellitus, is a major cause of mortality in patients. However, identifying circulatory markers to diagnose DKD requires a thorough understanding of the metabolic mechanisms of DKD. In this study, we performed ultra-performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) to reveal altered metabolic profiles of amino acids (AAs) in patients with DKD. We found decreased plasma levels of histidine and valine, increased urine levels of proline, decreased urine levels of histidine and valine, and increased saliva levels of arginine in patients with DKD compared with the levels in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and in healthy controls. Our analyses of the key metabolites and metabolic enzymes involved in histidine and valine metabolism indicated that the AAs level alterations may be due to enhanced carnosine hydrolysis, decreased degradation of homocarnosine and anserine, enhanced histidine methylation, and systemic enhancement of valine metabolism in patients with DKD. Notably, we generated a distinct diagnostic model with an AUC of 0.957 and an accuracy up to 92.2% on the basis of the AA profiles in plasma, urine and saliva differing in patients with DKD using logistic regression and receiver operating characteristic analyses. In conclusion, our results suggest that altered AA metabolic profiles are associated with the progression of DKD. Our DKD diagnostic model on the basis of AA levels in plasma, urine, and saliva may provide a theoretical basis for innovative strategies to diagnose DKD that may replace cumbersome kidney biopsies.
Topics: Humans; Diabetic Nephropathies; Amino Acids; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Histidine; Chromatography, Liquid; Tandem Mass Spectrometry; Amines; Valine
PubMed: 37736814
DOI: 10.1007/s00726-023-03330-0