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Journal of the American Board of Family... 2024Creating useful clinical quality measure (CQM) reports in a busy primary care practice is known to depend on the capability of the electronic health record (EHR). Two...
BACKGROUND
Creating useful clinical quality measure (CQM) reports in a busy primary care practice is known to depend on the capability of the electronic health record (EHR). Two other domains may also contribute: supportive leadership to prioritize the work and commit the necessary resources, and individuals with the necessary health information technology (IT) skills to do so. Here we describe the results of an assessment of the above 3 domains and their associations with successful CQM reporting during an initiative to improve smaller primary care practices' cardiovascular disease CQMs.
METHODS
The study took place within an AHRQ EvidenceNOW initiative of external support for smaller practices across Washington, Oregon and Idaho. Practice facilitators who provided this support completed an assessment of the 3 domains previously described for each of their assigned practices. Practices submitted 3 CQMs to the study team: appropriate aspirin prescribing, use of statins when indicated, blood pressure control, and tobacco screening/cessation.
RESULTS
Practices with advanced EHR reporting capability were more likely to report 2 or more CQMs. Only one-third of practices were "advanced" in this domain, and this domain had the highest proportion of practices (39.1%) assessed as "basic." The presence of advanced leadership or advanced skills did not appreciably increase the proportion of practices that reported 2 or more CQMs.
CONCLUSIONS
Our findings support previous reports of limited EHR reporting capabilities within smaller practices but extend these findings by demonstrating that practices with advanced capabilities in this domain are more likely to produce CQM reports.
Topics: Humans; Primary Health Care; Electronic Health Records; Oregon; Cardiovascular Diseases; Washington; Quality of Health Care; Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors; Idaho; Aspirin; Quality Indicators, Health Care; Quality Improvement; Smoking Cessation; Leadership
PubMed: 38740491
DOI: 10.3122/jabfm.2023.230116R1 -
Se Pu = Chinese Journal of... Apr 2024The consumption of poultry eggs has increased in recent years owing to the abundance of production and improvements in living standards. Thus, the safety requirements of...
The consumption of poultry eggs has increased in recent years owing to the abundance of production and improvements in living standards. Thus, the safety requirements of poultry eggs have gradually increased. At present, few reports on analytical methods to determine banned veterinary drugs during egg-laying period in poultry eggs have been published. Therefore, establishing high-throughput and efficient screening methods to monitor banned veterinary drugs during egg-laying period is imperative. In this study, an analytical method based on ultra performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) combined with QuEChERS-based techniques was developed for the simultaneous determination of 31 banned veterinary drugs encompassing nine drug classes (macrolides, antipyretic and analgesic drugs, sulfonamides, antibacterial synergists, anticoccidials, antinematodes, quinolones, tetracyclines, amphenicols) in different types of poultry eggs. The main factors affecting the response, recovery, and sensitivity of the method, such as the extraction solvent, purification adsorbent, LC separation conditions, and MS/MS parameters, were optimized during sample pretreatment and instrumental analysis. The 31 veterinary drug residues in 2.00 g eggs were extracted with 2 mL of 0.1 mol/L ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid disodium solution and 8 mL 3% acetic acid acetonitrile solution, and salted out with 2 g of sodium chloride. After centrifugation, 5 mL of the supernatant was cleaned-up using the QuEChERS method with 100 mg of octadecylsilane-bonded silica gel (C), 50 mg of -propylethylenediamine (PSA), and 50 mg of NH-based sorbents. After nitrogen blowing and redissolution, the 31 target analytes were separated on a Waters CORTECS UPLC C analytical chromatographic column (150 mm×2.1 mm, 1.8 μm) at a flow rate, column temperature, and injection volume of 0.4 mL/min, 30 ℃, and 5 μL, respectively. Among these analytes, 26 analytes were acquired in dynamic multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) mode under positive electrospray ionization (ESI) conditions using (A) 5 mmol/L ammonium acetate (pH 4.5) and (B) acetonitrile as mobile phases. The gradient elution program was as follows: 0-2.0 min, 12%B-30%B; 2.0-7.5 min, 30%B-50%B; 7.5-10.0 min, 50%B; 10.0-10.1 min, 50%B-100%B; 10.1-12.0 min, 100%B; 12.0-12.1 min, 100%B-12%B; The five other target analytes were acquired in MRM mode under negative electrospray ionization (ESI) conditions using (A) HO and (B) acetonitrile as mobile phases. The gradient elution program was as follows: 0-2.0 min, 12%B-40%B; 2.0-6.0 min, 40%B-80%B; 6.0-6.1 min, 80%B-100%B; 6.1-8.0 min, 100%B; 8.0-8.1 min, 100%B-12%B. Matrix-matched external standard calibration was used for quantification. The results showed that all the compounds had good linear relationships within their respective ranges, with correlation coefficients of >0.99. The limits of detection (LODs) and quantitation (LOQs) were 0.3-3.0 μg/kg and 1.0-10.0 μg/kg, respectively. The average recoveries of the 31 banned veterinary drugs spiked at three levels (LOQ, maximum residue limit (MRL), and 2MRL) in poultry eggs ranged from 61.2% to 105.7%, and the relative standard deviations (RSDs) ranged from 1.8% to 17.6%. The developed method was used to detect and analyze banned veterinary drugs in 30 commercial poultry egg samples, including 20 eggs, 5 duck eggs, and 5 goose eggs. Enrofloxacin was detected in one egg with a content of 12.3 μg/kg. The proposed method is simple, economical, practical, and capable of the simultaneous determination of multiple classes of banned veterinary drugs in poultry eggs.
Topics: Tandem Mass Spectrometry; Animals; Veterinary Drugs; Eggs; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Drug Residues; Poultry; Food Contamination
PubMed: 38736385
DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1123.2023.11015 -
Chemosphere Jul 2024The effective removal of micropollutants by water treatment technologies remains a significant challenge. Herein, we develop a CoFe layered double hydroxide (CoFeLDH)...
The effective removal of micropollutants by water treatment technologies remains a significant challenge. Herein, we develop a CoFe layered double hydroxide (CoFeLDH) catalytic membrane for peroxymonosulfate (PMS) activation to achieve efficient micropollutant removal with improved mass transfer rate and reaction kinetics. This study found that the CoFeLDH membrane/PMS system achieved an impressive above 98% degradation of the probe chemical ranitidine at 0.1 mM of PMS including five more micropollutants (Sulfamethoxazole, Ciprofloxacin, Carbamazepine, Acetaminophen and Bisphenol A) at satisfactory level (above 80%). Moreover, significant improvements in water flux and antifouling properties were observed, marking the membrane as a specific advancement in the removal of membrane fouling in water purification technology. The membrane demonstrated consistent degradation efficiency for several micropollutants and across a range of pH (4-9) as well as different anionic environments, thereby showing it suitability for scale-up application. The key role of reactive species such as SO, and O - radicals in the degradation process was elucidated. This is followed by the confirmation of the occurrence of redox cycling between Co and Fe, and the presence of CoOH that promotes PMS activation. Over the ten cycles, the membrane could be operated with a flux recovery of up to 99.8% and maintained efficient performance over 24 h continuous operation. Finally, the efficiency in degrading micropollutants, coupled with reduced metal leaching, makes the CoFeLDH membrane as a promising technology for application in water treatment.
Topics: Water Purification; Water Pollutants, Chemical; Membranes, Artificial; Hydroxides; Phenols; Peroxides; Benzhydryl Compounds; Carbamazepine; Ranitidine; Acetaminophen; Sulfamethoxazole; Ciprofloxacin; Catalysis; Cobalt; Oxidation-Reduction
PubMed: 38735495
DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.142318 -
Scandinavian Journal of Trauma,... May 2024Despite the development of various analgesic concepts, prehospital oligoanalgesia remains very common. The present work examines prehospital analgesia by paramedics... (Observational Study)
Observational Study Comparative Study
BACKGROUND
Despite the development of various analgesic concepts, prehospital oligoanalgesia remains very common. The present work examines prehospital analgesia by paramedics using morphine vs. nalbuphine + paracetamol.
METHODS
Patients with out-of-hospital-analgesia performed by paramedics from the emergency medical services of the districts of Fulda (morphine) and Gütersloh (nalbuphine + paracetamol) were evaluated with regards to pain intensity at the beginning and the end of prehospital treatment using the Numeric-Rating-Scale for pain (NRS), sex, age, and complications. The primary endpoint was achievement of adequate analgesia, defined as NRS < 4 at hospital handover, depending on the analgesics administered (nalbuphine + paracetamol vs. morphine). Pain intensity before and after receiving analgesia using the NRS, sex, age and complications were also monitored.
RESULTS
A total of 1,808 patients who received out-of-hospital-analgesia were evaluated (nalbuphine + paracetamol: 1,635 (90.4%), NRS-initial: 8.0 ± 1.4, NRS-at-handover: 3.7 ± 2.0; morphine: 173(9.6%), NRS-initial: 8.5 ± 1.1, NRS-at-handover: 5.1 ± 2.0). Factors influencing the difference in NRS were: initial pain intensity on the NRS (regression coefficient (RK): 0.7276, 95%CI: 0.6602-0.7950, p < 0.001), therapy with morphine vs. nalbuphine + paracetamol (RK: -1.2594, 95%CI: -1.5770 - -0.9418, p < 0.001) and traumatic vs. non-traumatic causes of pain (RK: -0.2952, 95%CI: -0.4879 - -0.1024, p = 0.002). Therapy with morphine (n = 34 (19.6%)) compared to nalbuphine + paracetamol (n = 796 (48.7%)) (odds ratio (OR): 0.274, 95%CI: 0.185-0.405, p < 0.001) and the initial NRS score (OR:0.827, 95%CI: 0.771-0.887, p < 0.001) reduced the odds of having an NRS < 4 at hospital handover. Complications occurred with morphine in n = 10 (5.8%) and with nalbuphine + paracetamol in n = 35 (2.1%) cases. Risk factors for complications were analgesia with morphine (OR: 2.690, 95%CI: 1.287-5.621, p = 0.008), female sex (OR: 2.024, 95%CI: 1.040-3.937, p = 0.0379), as well as age (OR: 1.018, 95%CI: 1.003-1.034, p = 0.02).
CONCLUSIONS
Compared to morphine, prehospital analgesia with nalbuphine + paracetamol yields favourable effects in terms of analgesic effectiveness and a lower rate of complications and should therefore be considered in future recommendations for prehospital analgesia.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Acetaminophen; Analgesics, Non-Narcotic; Analgesics, Opioid; Emergency Medical Services; Morphine; Nalbuphine; Pain Management; Pain Measurement; Paramedics
PubMed: 38730453
DOI: 10.1186/s13049-024-01215-z -
Medicine May 2024Platelet endothelial aggregation receptor 1 (PEAR1) and prostaglandin endoperoxide synthase 1 (PTGS1) polymorphisms can affect laboratory aspirin resistance. However,...
Platelet endothelial aggregation receptor 1 (PEAR1) and prostaglandin endoperoxide synthase 1 (PTGS1) polymorphisms can affect laboratory aspirin resistance. However, the impact of genetic polymorphisms on the recurrence of ischemic stroke (IS) patients treated with aspirin is not fully understood. This study aimed to examine the relationship between gene polymorphisms of PEAR1 and PTGS1 and IS recurrence in patients treated with aspirin. Peripheral blood samples were collected from 174 patients with nonrecurrent IS and 34 with recurrent IS after aspirin treatment. Follow-up was performed on all patients. PEAR1 rs12041331 and PTGS1 rs10306114 polymorphisms were determined using the PCR fluorescence probe method. And the correlations of them with the clinical characteristics were examined by multivariable logistic regression analysis. The distribution frequencies of PEAR1 rs12041331 and PTGS1 rs10306114 genotypes were in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, and there was no significant difference in the distribution of PEAR1 rs12041331 polymorphism. Compared to the nonrecurrent group, the AA genotype of the PTGS1 polymorphism was more frequent in the recurrent group (59.77% vs 35.29%, P = .003), and the A allele also showed a higher frequency than the G allele in the recurrent group (P = .001). Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that smoking (OR = 5.228, 95% CI: 1.938-14.102, P = .001), coronary heart disease (OR = 4.754, 95% CI: 1.498-15.089, P = .008), and the polymorphism at PTGS1(A>G) AA/AG + GG (OR = 2.955, 95% CI: 1.320-6.616, P = .008) were independently associated with IS recurrence in Chinese patients. Our findings suggested that PTGS rs10306114 polymorphisms should receive more attention in the use of aspirin in patients with IS.
Topics: Humans; Male; Female; Aspirin; Cyclooxygenase 1; China; Middle Aged; Ischemic Stroke; Aged; Follow-Up Studies; Recurrence; Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; Receptors, Cell Surface; Asian People; Genotype
PubMed: 38728491
DOI: 10.1097/MD.0000000000038031 -
Heliyon May 2024The present article describes the muscle relaxant and antipyretic effects of pentacyclic triterpenes, oleanolic acid (), ursolic acid () and betulinic acid () isolated...
The present article describes the muscle relaxant and antipyretic effects of pentacyclic triterpenes, oleanolic acid (), ursolic acid () and betulinic acid () isolated from roots of in animal models. The muscle relaxant effects of isolated pentacyclic triterpenes were determined by chimney and inclined plane tests. In the chimney test, pretreatment of pentacyclic triterpenes evoked significant dose dependent influence on muscle coordination. When administered intraperitoneally (i.p.) to mice at 10 mg/kg for 90 min, , , and exhibited muscle relaxant effects of 66.72 %, 60.21 %, and 50.77 %, respectively. Similarly, , and (at 10 mg/kg) illustrated 65.74 %, 59.84 % and 51.40 % muscle relaxant effects in the inclined plane test. In the antipyretic test, significant amelioration was caused by pretreatment of all compounds in dose dependent manner. , and (at 5 mg/kg) showed 39.32 %, 34.32 % and 29.99 % anti-hyperthermic effects, respectively 4 h post-treatment, while at 10 mg/kg, , and exhibited 71.59 %, 60.99 % and 52.44 % impact, respectively. The muscle relaxant effect of benzodiazepines is well known for enhancement of GABA receptors. There may exist a similar mechanism for muscle relaxant effect of pentacyclic triterpenes. The predicted binding pattern of all the compounds reflects good affinity of compounds with GABA receptor and COX-2. These results indicate that the muscle relaxant and antipyretic activities of these molecules can be further improved by structural optimization.
PubMed: 38726163
DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e30547 -
Heliyon May 2024Climate change results in continuous warming of the planet, threatening sustainable crop production around the world. Amaranth is an abiotic stress-tolerant,...
Climate change results in continuous warming of the planet, threatening sustainable crop production around the world. Amaranth is an abiotic stress-tolerant, climate-resilient, C leafy orphan vegetable that has grown rapidly with great divergence and potential usage. The C photosynthesis allows amaranth to be grown as a sustainable future food crop across the world. Most amaranth species grow as weeds in many parts of the world, however, a few amaranth species can be also found in cultivated form. Weed species can be used as a folk medicine to relieve pain or reduce fever thanks to their antipyretic and analgesic properties. In this study, nutritional value, bioactive pigments, bioactive compounds content, and radical scavenging potential (RSP) of four weedy and cultivated (WC) amaranth species were evaluated. The highest dry matter, carbohydrate content, ash, content of iron, copper, sodium, boron, molybdenum, zinc, β-carotene and carotenoids, vitamin C, total polyphenols (TP), RSP (DPPH), and RSP (ABTS) was determined in (AV). On the other hand, (AS) was found to have the highest content of protein, fat, dietary fiber, manganese, molybdenum, and total flavonoids (TF). In (AT) species the highest total chlorophyll, chlorophyll and , betaxanthin, betacyanin, and betalain content was determined. (AL) was evaluated as the highest source of energy. AV and AT accessions are underutilized but promising vegetables due to their bioactive phytochemicals and antioxidants.
PubMed: 38720726
DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e30453 -
Drugs & Aging Jun 2024Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection represents one of the most common infections during childhood, with significant morbidity and mortality in newborns and in... (Review)
Review
Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection represents one of the most common infections during childhood, with significant morbidity and mortality in newborns and in the early years of life. RSV is a common infection throughout all age groups, largely undetected and underestimated in adults, with a disproportionately high impact in older individuals. RSV infection has a wide range of clinical presentations, from asymptomatic conditions to acute pneumonia and severe life-threatening respiratory distress, including exacerbations of underlying chronic conditions. Overall, the incidence of RSV infections requiring medical attention increases with age, and it is highest among persons ≥ 70 years of age. As a consequence of a combination of an aging population, immunosenescence, and the related increased burden of comorbidities, high-income countries are at risk of developing RSV epidemics. The standard of care for RSV-infected patients remains supportive, including fluids, antipyretics, and oxygen support when needed. There is an urgent need for antivirals and preventive strategies in this population, particularly in individuals at higher risk of severe outcomes following RSV infection. In this review, we describe prevention and treatment strategies for RSV illnesses, with a deep focus on the novel data on vaccination that has become available (Arexvy, GSK, and Abrysvo, Pfizer) for older adults.
Topics: Humans; Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infections; Aged; Antiviral Agents
PubMed: 38713299
DOI: 10.1007/s40266-024-01118-9 -
Journal of Psychosomatic Obstetrics and... Dec 2024To assess the impact of low-dose aspirin (LDA) on obstetrical outcomes through a meta-analysis of placebo-controlled randomized controlled trials (RCTs). (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
OBJECTIVE
To assess the impact of low-dose aspirin (LDA) on obstetrical outcomes through a meta-analysis of placebo-controlled randomized controlled trials (RCTs).
METHODS
A systematic search of the PubMed, Cochrane Library, Web of Science and Embase databases from inception to January 2024 was conducted to identify studies exploring the role of aspirin on pregnancy, reporting obstetrical-related outcomes, including preterm birth (PTB, gestational age <37 weeks), small for gestational age (SGA), low birth weight (LBW, birthweight < 2500g), perinatal death (PND), admission to the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU), 5-min Apgar score < 7 and placental abruption. Relative risks (RRs) were estimated for the combined outcomes. Subgroup analyses were performed by risk for preeclampsia (PE), LDA dosage (<100 mg vs. ≥100 mg) and timing of onset (≤20 weeks vs. >20 weeks).
RESULTS
Forty-seven studies involving 59,124 participants were included. Compared with placebo, LDA had a more significant effect on low-risk events such as SGA, PTB and LBW. Specifically, LDA significantly reduced the risk of SGA (RR = 0.91, 95% CI: 0.87-0.95), PTB (RR = 0.93, 95% CI: 0.89-0.97) and LBW (RR = 0.94, 95% CI: 0.89-0.99). For high-risk events, LDA significantly lowered the risk of NICU admission (RR = 0.93, 95% CI: 0.87-0.99). On the other hand, LDA can significantly increase the risk of placental abruption (RR = 1.72, 95% CI: 1.23-2.43). Subgroup analyses showed that LDA significantly reduced the risk of SGA (RR = 0.86, 95% CI: 0.77-0.97), PTB (RR = 0.93, 95% CI: 0.88-0.98) and PND (RR = 0.65, 95% CI: 0.48-0.88) in pregnant women at high risk of PE, whereas in healthy pregnant women LDA did not significantly improve obstetrical outcomes, but instead significantly increased the risk of placental abruption (RR = 5.56, 95% CI: 1.92-16.11). In pregnant women at high risk of PE, LDA administered at doses ≥100 mg significantly reduced the risk of SGA (RR = 0.77, 95% CI: 0.66-0.91) and PTB (RR = 0.56, 95% CI: 0.32-0.97), but did not have a statistically significant effect on reducing the risk of NICU, PND and LBW. LDA started at ≤20 weeks significantly reduced the risk of SGA (RR = 0.76, 95% CI: 0.65-0.89) and PTB (RR = 0.56, 95% CI: 0.32-0.97).
CONCLUSIONS
To sum up, LDA significantly improved neonatal outcomes in pregnant women at high risk of PE without elevating the risk of placental abruption. These findings support LDA's clinical application in pregnant women, although further research is needed to refine dosage and timing recommendations.
Topics: Female; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Pregnancy; Abruptio Placentae; Aspirin; Infant, Low Birth Weight; Infant, Small for Gestational Age; Pre-Eclampsia; Pregnancy Outcome; Premature Birth; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic
PubMed: 38712869
DOI: 10.1080/0167482X.2024.2344079 -
Scandinavian Journal of Pain Jan 2024Multimodal pain management is one component in enhanced recovery after surgery protocol. Here we evaluate the efficacy of tramadol-paracetamol in acute postoperative... (Randomized Controlled Trial)
Randomized Controlled Trial
OBJECTIVES
Multimodal pain management is one component in enhanced recovery after surgery protocol. Here we evaluate the efficacy of tramadol-paracetamol in acute postoperative pain and pain outcome at 12 months after spine surgery in randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.
METHODS
We randomized 120 patients undergoing spine surgery to receive, for add-on pain management, two tramadol-paracetamol 37.5 mg/325 mg ( = 61) or placebo tablets ( = 59) twice a day for 5 postoperative days. In the hospital, multimodal pain management consisted of dexketoprofen and oxycodone. After discharge, patients were prescribed ibuprofen 200 mg, maximum 1,200 mg/day. Pain, analgesic use, and satisfaction with pain medication were followed up with the Brief Pain Inventory questionnaire before surgery and at 1 and 52 weeks after surgery. The primary outcome was patients' satisfaction with pain medication 1 week after surgery.
RESULTS
At 1 week after surgery, patients' satisfaction with pain medication was similarly high in the two groups, 75% [interquartile range, 30%] in the placebo group and 70% [40%] in the tramadol-paracetamol group ( = 0.949) on a scale: 0% = not satisfied, 100% = totally satisfied. At 1 week, ibuprofen dose was lower in the placebo group 200 mg [1,000] compared to the tramadol-paracetamol group, 800 mg [1,600] ( = 0.016). There was no difference in the need for rescue oxycodone. Patients in the tramadol-paracetamol group had more adverse events associated with analgesics during the first postoperative week (relative risk = 1.8, 95% confidence interval, 1.2-2.6).
CONCLUSION
Add-on pain treatment with tramadol-paracetamol did not enhance patients' satisfaction with early pain management after back surgery.
Topics: Humans; Pain, Postoperative; Tramadol; Double-Blind Method; Acetaminophen; Male; Female; Middle Aged; Analgesics, Opioid; Patient Satisfaction; Oxycodone; Analgesics, Non-Narcotic; Adult; Spine; Treatment Outcome; Ibuprofen; Pain Measurement; Aged
PubMed: 38708610
DOI: 10.1515/sjpain-2023-0105