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Heliyon Jun 2024Resveratrol is a natural phenolic compound widely found in plants. Previous studies have suggested its neuroprotective role in cerebral ischemia due to its...
BACKGROUND
Resveratrol is a natural phenolic compound widely found in plants. Previous studies have suggested its neuroprotective role in cerebral ischemia due to its anti-oxidative, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic effects. Intranasal administration of resveratrol enhances its capacity to penetrate the blood-brain barrier, increasing therapeutic efficacy and safety.
OBJECTIVE
We aimed to examine the therapeutic potential of intranasal administration of resveratrol treatment in rats exposed to cerebral ischemia.
METHODS
Sixty-four male rats were divided into three groups: the sham group, which was exposed to only surgical stress; the vehicle and resveratrol groups, which received intranasal vehicle or 50 mg/kg resveratrol for 7 days following middle cerebral artery occlusion, respectively. We assessed the modified neurologic severity scores, wire hanging tests, blood-brain barrier disruption, brain water content, and infarct volume. Levels of matrix metalloproteinase-9, nuclear factor-kappa B, B-cell lymphoma protein 2, and B-cell lymphoma protein 2-associated X messenger RNA expression were examined.
RESULTS
At 3- and 7-days post-ischemia, rats receiving intranasal resveratrol had lower modified neurological severity scores and a smaller brain infarct volume than the rats receiving vehicle. Additionally, the intranasal resveratrol-treated rats showed significantly prolonged wire-hanging performance at the 7-day mark post-ischemia compared to the vehicle group. The blood-brain barrier disruption and brain water content were significantly lower in the resveratrol group than in the vehicle group. Furthermore, the resveratrol-treated group displayed lower expression of Matrix Metalloproteinase-9 and Nuclear Factor-Kappa B in contrast to the vehicle group, while the difference in expression levels of B-cell lymphoma protein 2-associated X and B-cell lymphoma protein 2 were not significant.
CONCLUSION
Intranasal administration of resveratrol showed neuroprotective effects on ischemic stroke by improving neurobehavioral function, reducing blood-brain barrier disruption, cerebral edema, and infarct volume. This treatment also downregulated Matrix Metalloproteinase-9 and Nuclear Factor-Kappa B expression, indicating its potential as a therapeutic option for ischemic stroke.
PubMed: 38952360
DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e32592 -
Journal of Clinical Hypertension... Jul 2024The E-proteinoid 3 receptor (PTGER3), a member of the prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) subtype receptor, belongs to the G-protein-coupled superfamily of receptors. Animal studies...
The E-proteinoid 3 receptor (PTGER3), a member of the prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) subtype receptor, belongs to the G-protein-coupled superfamily of receptors. Animal studies have demonstrated its involvement in salt sensitivity by regulating sodium reabsorption. This study aimed to investigate the association between genetic variants of PTGER3 and salt sensitivity, longitudinal blood pressure (BP) changes, and the incidence of hypertension in Chinese adults. A chronic salt intake intervention was conducted involving 514 adults from 124 families in the 2004 Baoji Salt-Sensitivity Study Cohort in northern China. These participants followed a 3-day regular baseline diet, followed by a 7-day low-salt diet (3.0 g/d) and a 7-day high-salt diet (18 g/d), and were subsequently followed for 14 years. The findings revealed a significant relationship between the single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs17482751 of PTGER3 and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) response to high salt intervention. Additionally, SNPs rs11209733, rs3765894, and rs2268062 were significantly associated with longitudinal changes in systolic blood pressure (SBP), DBP, and mean arterial pressure (MAP) during the 14-year follow-up period. SNP rs6424414 was significantly associated with longitudinal changes in DBP over 14 years. Finally, SNP rs17482751 showed a significant correlation with the incidence of hypertension over 14 years. These results emphasize the significant role of PTGER3 gene polymorphism in salt sensitivity, longitudinal BP changes, and the development of hypertension in the Chinese population.
PubMed: 38952049
DOI: 10.1111/jch.14859 -
Journal of Clinical Neurology (Seoul,... Jul 2024
Dynamic 3D CT Angiography can Detect Swallowing and Head-Rotation-Induced Location Inversion Between the Carotid Artery and Hyoid Bone in Asymptomatic Carotid Artery Stenosis.
PubMed: 38951978
DOI: 10.3988/jcn.2023.0423 -
Journal of Cardiothoracic Surgery Jul 2024Myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury (MIRI) is defined as the restoration of blood flow to the myocardium after a brief interruption of blood supply, causing more...
BACKGROUND
Myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury (MIRI) is defined as the restoration of blood flow to the myocardium after a brief interruption of blood supply, causing more severe damage to the ischemic myocardium. However, currently, reperfusion therapy is the preferred therapy for ischemic cardiomyopathy, which undoubtedly causes MIRI, and thus it has become a challenging issue affecting the prognosis of coronary artery disease.
METHODS
A search was conducted in the Web of Science Core Collection database for papers relevant to MIRI therapy published between 1 January 2000 and 1 October 2023. Bibliometric analyses were performed using VOSviewer and CiteSpace to elucidate the progress and hotspots.
RESULTS
3304 papers from 64 countries, 2134 research institutions and 13,228 authors were enrolled in the study. Of these, China contributed the most papers and had the biggest impact, while the United States had the most extensive partnership. The Fourth Military Medical University was the primary research institution. The most valuable authors include Chattipakorn, Nipon, Chattipakorn, Siriporn c, Yang, Jian and Yang, Yang.
CONCLUSION
Over the past 20 years, research on MIRI therapies has made significant strides. Further studies are necessary to explore the interactions between various therapeutic options. Future investigations will emphasize nanocarriers, cardiac regeneration, and stem cell therapies. Our study identifies MIRI research hotspots from a bibliometric perspective, forecasts future trends, and offers fresh insights into MIRI therapy research.
Topics: Bibliometrics; Humans; Myocardial Reperfusion Injury
PubMed: 38951938
DOI: 10.1186/s13019-024-02924-3 -
Journal of Cardiothoracic Surgery Jun 2024The outcomes of Thoracic Endovascular Aortic Repair (TEVAR) vary depending on thoracic aortic pathologies, comorbidities. This study presents our comprehensive...
BACKGROUND
The outcomes of Thoracic Endovascular Aortic Repair (TEVAR) vary depending on thoracic aortic pathologies, comorbidities. This study presents our comprehensive endovascular experience, focusing on exploring the outcome in long term follow-up.
METHODS
From 2006 to 2018, we conducted TEVAR on 97 patients presenting with various aortic pathologies. This retrospective cohort study was designed primarily to assess graft durability and secondarily to evaluate mortality causes, complications, reinterventions, and the impact of comorbidities on survival using Kaplan-Meier and Cox regression analyses.
RESULTS
The most common indication was thoracic aortic aneurysm (n = 52). Ten patients had aortic arch variations and anomalies, and the bovine arch was observed in eight patients. Endoleaks were the main complications encountered, and 10 of 15 endoleaks were type I endoleaks. There were 18 reinterventions; the most of which was TEVAR (n = 5). The overall mortality was 20 patients, with TEVAR-related causes accounting for 12 of these deaths, including intracranial bleeding in three patients. Multivariant Cox regression revealed chronic renal diseases (OR = 11.73; 95% CI: 2.04-67.2; p = 0.006), previous cardiac operation (OR = 14.26; 95% CI: 1.59-127.36; p = 0.01), and chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases (OR = 7.82; 95% CI: 1.43-42.78; p = 0.001) to be independent risk factors for 10-year survival. There was no significant difference in the survival curves of the various aortic pathologies. In the follow-up period, two non-symptomatic intragraft thromboses and one graft infection were found.
CONCLUSION
Comorbidities can increase the risk of TEVAR-related mortality without significantly impacting endoleak rates. TEVAR is effective for severe aortic pathologies, though long-term graft durability may be compromised by its thrombosis and infection.
Topics: Humans; Retrospective Studies; Male; Female; Middle Aged; Endovascular Procedures; Aorta, Thoracic; Aged; Blood Vessel Prosthesis Implantation; Treatment Outcome; Aortic Diseases; Postoperative Complications; Adult; Aortic Aneurysm, Thoracic; Follow-Up Studies; Time Factors; Endovascular Aneurysm Repair
PubMed: 38951901
DOI: 10.1186/s13019-024-02886-6 -
Journal of Cardiothoracic Surgery Jul 2024In patients with unprotected left main coronary artery disease (ULMCAD), this study compared the long-term prognosis of drug-eluting stent insertion guided by...
BACKGROUND
In patients with unprotected left main coronary artery disease (ULMCAD), this study compared the long-term prognosis of drug-eluting stent insertion guided by intravascular ultrasonography (IVUS) vs. angiography.
PATIENTS AND METHODS
This retrospective consort investigation was performed in December 2021. This analysis included 199 patients who underwent IVUS-guided (IVUS group, n = 81) or angiography-guided (angiography group, n = 118) drug-eluting stent implantation at the Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University between September 2013 and September 2018. Major adverse cardiac events (MACE) were defined as cardiovascular death, sudden cardiac death, myocardial infarction.
RESULTS
The IVUS group had considerably lower proportions of MACE within 1 year postoperatively (P = 0.002) and cardiac mortality within 3 years postoperatively (P = 0.018) compared to the angiography group. However, after adjusting for confounding variables, the hazard ratio for 3-year cardiac mortality was similar between the two groups (P = 0.28). In the IVUS group, there was considerably greater minimum lumen diameter (MLD) (P = 0.046), and reduced frequencies of target vessel restenosis (P < 0.050) and myocardial infarction (MI) (P = 0.024) compared to the angiography group. Cox regression analysis for 3-year cardiac mortality found that MSD was independently associated with low cardiac mortality (HR = 0.1, 95% CI: 0.01-14.92, P = 0.030).
CONCLUSION
IVUS-guided drug-eluting stent implantation may lead to better long-term prognosis in patients with ULMCAD, and MSD may be a predictor for lower cardiac mortality.
Topics: Humans; Drug-Eluting Stents; Male; Female; Ultrasonography, Interventional; Retrospective Studies; Coronary Artery Disease; Coronary Angiography; Middle Aged; Aged; Percutaneous Coronary Intervention; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 38951893
DOI: 10.1186/s13019-024-02800-0 -
Journal of Cardiothoracic Surgery Jul 2024Right heart failure is a common complication after cardiac surgery, and its mortality remains high. The medical management and veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane...
Right heart failure is a common complication after cardiac surgery, and its mortality remains high. The medical management and veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation has shown significant improvement in the majority of cases. However, a minority of patients may still require long-term mechanical circulatory support or heart transplantation. Balloon atrial septostomy is a new method for the prevention and treatment of right heart failure, which may avoid the patient's dependence on mechanical circulatory support. We used this method to try to treat patients with right heart failure after cardiac surgery, and all received good benefits. Therefore, we selected several representative cases to report, in order to guide other qualified cardiac surgeons to carry out relevant clinical practice.
Topics: Humans; Heart Failure; Male; Cardiac Surgical Procedures; Female; Postoperative Complications; Middle Aged; Atrial Septum; Aged; Adult; Catheterization; Heart Atria
PubMed: 38951889
DOI: 10.1186/s13019-024-02884-8 -
Journal of Cardiothoracic Surgery Jul 2024
Correction: Epicardial placement of human placental membrane allografts in coronary artery bypass graft surgery is associated with reduced postoperative atrial fibrillation: a pilot study for a future multi-center randomized controlled trial.
PubMed: 38951830
DOI: 10.1186/s13019-024-02942-1 -
Cardiovascular Diabetology Jun 2024Glucokinase (GK) plays a key role in glucose metabolism. In the liver, GK is regulated by GK regulatory protein (GKRP) with nuclear sequestration at low plasma glucose...
BACKGROUND
Glucokinase (GK) plays a key role in glucose metabolism. In the liver, GK is regulated by GK regulatory protein (GKRP) with nuclear sequestration at low plasma glucose level. Some GK activators (GKAs) disrupt GK-GKRP interaction which increases hepatic cytoplasmic GK level. Excess hepatic GK activity may exceed the capacity of glycogen synthesis with excess triglyceride formation. It remains uncertain whether hypertriglyceridemia associated with some GKAs in previous clinical trials was due to direct GK activation or impaired GK-GKRP interaction.
METHODS
Using publicly available genome-wide association study summary statistics, we selected independent genetic variants of GCKR and GCK associated with fasting plasma glucose (FPG) as instrumental variables, to mimic the effects of impaired GK-GKRP interaction and direct GK activation, respectively. We applied two-sample Mendelian Randomization (MR) framework to assess their causal associations with lipid-related traits, risks of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) and cardiovascular diseases. We verified these findings in one-sample MR analysis using individual-level statistics from the Hong Kong Diabetes Register (HKDR).
RESULTS
Genetically-proxied impaired GK-GKRP interaction increased plasma triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and apolipoprotein B levels with increased odds ratio (OR) of 14.6 (95% CI 4.57-46.4) per 1 mmol/L lower FPG for MASLD and OR of 2.92 (95% CI 1.78-4.81) for coronary artery disease (CAD). Genetically-proxied GK activation was associated with decreased risk of CAD (OR 0.69, 95% CI 0.54-0.88) and not with dyslipidemia. One-sample MR validation in HKDR showed consistent results.
CONCLUSIONS
Impaired GK-GKRP interaction, rather than direct GK activation, may worsen lipid profiles and increase risks of MASLD and CAD. Development of future GKAs should avoid interfering with GK-GKRP interaction.
Topics: Mendelian Randomization Analysis; Humans; Genome-Wide Association Study; Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing; Risk Factors; Genetic Predisposition to Disease; Risk Assessment; Blood Glucose; Glucokinase; Biomarkers; Lipids; Phenotype; Carrier Proteins; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; Time Factors; Dyslipidemias; Fatty Liver
PubMed: 38951793
DOI: 10.1186/s12933-024-02321-z -
BMC Cardiovascular Disorders Jul 2024Pulmonary embolisms (PEs) exhibit clinical features similar to those of acute coronary syndrome (ACS), including electrocardiographic abnormalities and elevated troponin... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Pulmonary embolisms (PEs) exhibit clinical features similar to those of acute coronary syndrome (ACS), including electrocardiographic abnormalities and elevated troponin levels, which frequently lead to misdiagnoses in emergency situations.
CASE PRESENTATION
Here, we report a case of PE coinciding with chronic coronary syndrome in which the patient's condition was obscured by symptoms mimicking ACS. A 68-year-old female with syncope presented to the hospital. Upon admission, she was found to have elevated troponin levels and an electrocardiogram showing ST-segment changes across multiple leads, which initially led to a diagnosis of ACS. Emergency coronary arteriography revealed occlusion of the posterior branches of the left ventricle of the right coronary artery, but based on the complexity of the intervention, the occlusion was considered chronic rather than acute. On the 3rd day after admission, the patient experienced recurrent chest tightness and shortness of breath, which was confirmed as acute PE by emergency computed tomography pulmonary angiography. Following standardized anticoagulation treatment, the patient improved and was subsequently discharged.
CONCLUSIONS
This case report highlights the importance of recognizing the nonspecific features of PE. Clinicians should be vigilant when identifying other clinical features that are difficult to explain accompanying the expected disease, and it is necessary to carefully identify the causes to prevent missed diagnoses or misdiagnoses.
Topics: Humans; Pulmonary Embolism; Female; Aged; Acute Coronary Syndrome; Diagnosis, Differential; Predictive Value of Tests; Electrocardiography; Computed Tomography Angiography; Anticoagulants; Coronary Angiography; Chronic Disease; Treatment Outcome; Diagnostic Errors; Biomarkers
PubMed: 38951773
DOI: 10.1186/s12872-024-03998-6