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Journal of Cardiovascular Computed... May 2024The impact of quantitative assessment to differentiate total occlusions (TOs) from severe stenoses on coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA) remains unknown.
BACKGROUNDS
The impact of quantitative assessment to differentiate total occlusions (TOs) from severe stenoses on coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA) remains unknown.
OBJECTIVE
This study investigated whether quantitative characteristics assessed on CCTA could help differentiate a TO from a severe stenosis on invasive coronary angiography (ICA).
METHODS
This study is a sub-analysis of the FASTTRACK CABG (NCT04142021) in which both CCTA and ICA were routinely performed. Quantitative analysis was performed with semi-automated CCTA plaque-analysis software. Blinded analysts compared TOs on CCTA, defined as a complete lack of contrast opacification within the coronary occlusion, with corresponding ICA.
RESULTS
Eighty-four TOs were seen on CCTA in 59 of the 114 patients enrolled in the trial. The concordance in diagnosing a TO between ICA and CCTA was 56.0% (n = 47). Compared to severe stenoses, TOs had a significantly longer lesion length (25.1 ± 23.0 mm vs 9.4 ± 11.2 mm, P < 0.001). The best cut-off value to differentiate a TO from severe stenosis was a lesion length of 5.5 mm (area under the curve 0.77, 95% CI: 0.66-0.87), with a 91.1% sensitivity and 61.1% specificity. Dense calcium percentage atheroma volume (PAV) was significantly higher in TOs compared to severe stenoses (18.7 ± 19.6% vs. 6.6 ± 13.0%, P < 0.001), whilst the opposite was seen for fibro-fatty PAV (31.3 ± 14.2% vs. 19.5 ± 10.5%, P < 0.001). On a multivariable logistic regression analysis, lesion length (>5.5 mm) was the only parameter associated with differentiating a TO from a severe stenosis.
CONCLUSION
In quantitative CCTA analysis, a lesion length >5.5 mm was the only independent predictor differentiating a TO from a severe stenosis.
NCT REGISTRATION NUMBER
NCT04142021.
PubMed: 38714459
DOI: 10.1016/j.jcct.2024.04.013 -
Bioinformation 2024Malocclusion is the mal-relationship of dental arches with or without an irregularity of the teeth. Therefore, it is of interest to estimate the rate of occurrence of...
Malocclusion is the mal-relationship of dental arches with or without an irregularity of the teeth. Therefore, it is of interest to estimate the rate of occurrence of malocclusion within the population of Agartala city, Tripura, India. The study included 850 individuals ranging from 16 to 24 years of age, which were categorized into five distinct classifications, namely normal occlusion, Angle's Class I malocclusion, Class II Division 1, Class II Division 2, and Class III malocclusion. Data shows that normal occlusal alignment was observed in 29.41% of the participants, whereas a majority of 70.59% exhibited various forms of malocclusion among this population.
PubMed: 38712008
DOI: 10.6026/973206300200258 -
Alternative Therapies in Health and... May 2024To investigate the impact of the restoration of non-bracket invisible orthodontic titanium alloy implant on individuals with dental malocclusion and arch deficiency...
The Impact of the Restoration of Invisible Orthodontic Titanium Alloy Implant Without Bracket on Individuals Afflicted with Dental Malocclusion and Arch Deficiency Accompanied by Periodontitis and a Local Periodontal Inflammation.
OBJECTIVE
To investigate the impact of the restoration of non-bracket invisible orthodontic titanium alloy implant on individuals with dental malocclusion and arch deficiency accompanied by periodontitis and local periodontal Inflammation.
METHOD
A cohort of 120 patients presenting with dental malocclusion and defects compounded by periodontitis, were treated at our institution between January 2021 and January 2022; these patients were enrolled in a randomized controlled trial.. These patients were allocated into two groups. The control group (comprising 60 cases) underwent titanium alloy implant restoration, while the research group (also with 60 cases) received titanium alloy implant restoration following invisible orthodontic treatment without brackets. A one-year post-treatment follow-up was conducted, during which various parameters, including pain levels, aesthetic improvement, inflammatory response, dental function, oral hygiene, and the incidence of adverse events, were evaluated and compared before and after treatment between the two groups.
RESULTS
After six months of treatment, the visual analog scale (VAS) in the study group was lower than that in the control group (P < .05). After 6 months of treatment, the research team observed the changes in gingival crevicular interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), Interleuckin-1 (IL-1), plaque index (PLI), and soft dirt index (DI) were all lower than those in the control group (P < .05). After 6 months of treatment, the research group had higher scores for tooth functions such as chewing, swallowing, speech expression, and occlusion than the control group, as well as higher pink and white aesthetics indexes (P < .05). The difference in the incidence rate of adverse outcomes between the research and control group was not distinct (P > .05).
CONCLUSION
In case of dental malocclusion accompanied by periodontal disease, the utilization of titanium implants for rectifying dental arch deformities without the use of orthodontic brackets, devoid of orthodontic brackets, has demonstrated notable efficacy in alleviating patients' periodontal discomfort, their oral hygiene, and dental functionality. This modality is conducive to augmenting dental aesthetics without incurring heightened rates of unfavorable consequences, thereby enhancing treatment outcomes.
PubMed: 38702170
DOI: No ID Found -
CoDAS 2024This study aimed to investigate three-dimensional facial soft tissue dimensions, maximum bite force (MBF), and occlusal contact area in patients with DFD. In addition,...
PURPOSE
This study aimed to investigate three-dimensional facial soft tissue dimensions, maximum bite force (MBF), and occlusal contact area in patients with DFD. In addition, we analyzed the relationship between MBF and the three-dimensional facial measurements.
METHODS
Thirty-two patients with skeletal Class III DFD and 20 patients with Class II DFD underwent a soft tissue evaluation using surface laser scanning, as well as MBF and occlusal contact area assessments. The DFD groups were compared with each other and with 25 healthy subjects.
RESULTS
Significant morphological differences were found in the transversal, vertical, and anteroposterior dimensions between Class II DFD and Class III DFD. Both DFD groups presented an increased linear distance of chin height, which was strongly related with decreased MBF magnitude. The DFD groups exhibited lower MBF and occlusal contact area, with no significant differences between Class II and Class III DFD.
CONCLUSION
The presence of DFD affected 3D measurements of facial soft tissue, causing variations beyond normal limits, lower MBF, and occlusal contact area in both Class II and Class III DFD patients. The vertical dimension might have influenced the lower MBF magnitude in the studied skeletal deformities.
Topics: Humans; Female; Male; Face; Bite Force; Young Adult; Adult; Imaging, Three-Dimensional; Cephalometry; Case-Control Studies; Adolescent; Malocclusion, Angle Class III; Malocclusion, Angle Class II; Cross-Sectional Studies
PubMed: 38695438
DOI: 10.1590/2317-1782/20242023203en -
The Saudi Dental Journal Apr 2024This study investigated the prevalence of maxillary labial frenum morphologies and attachment types and their associations with various patient-related clinical...
OBJECTIVE
This study investigated the prevalence of maxillary labial frenum morphologies and attachment types and their associations with various patient-related clinical variables in a population of Saudi Arabian adults.
METHODS
This study comprehensively examined 100 participants of both genders to categorize frenum types and attachment sites. The following clinical variables were recorded: probing depth, clinical attachment loss, attached gingiva width, overjet, overbite, diastema width, central incisor condition, occlusion, previous orthodontic treatment, and the incidence of gummy smile.
RESULTS
The mean age was 32.6 years, and the average diastema width was 0.23 mm. The study found that the simple frenum type was the most common morphology (57 %), and gingival attachment was the most frequent attachment type (54 %). Simple frenum was significantly associated with class I occlusion (p = 0.018), and frenum with nichum was significantly associated with class II occlusion (p = 0.019). Females were more likely to exhibit simple frenum with nodule frenum than males (p = 0.042). Mucosal frenum attachment was significantly correlated with the absence of previous orthodontic treatment (p = 0.042).
CONCLUSION
The study identified a relationship between the features of the maxillary labial frenum and occlusion as well as previous orthodontic treatment. Our findings suggest that understanding each patient's unique frenum features can lead to more effective and personalized dental care, thus improving patient satisfaction.
PubMed: 38690391
DOI: 10.1016/j.sdentj.2024.02.002 -
The Saudi Dental Journal Apr 2024The study aimed to assess and compare both the chewing efficiency and the contact area between class I and class II of Angle's malocclusions.
OBJECTIVE
The study aimed to assess and compare both the chewing efficiency and the contact area between class I and class II of Angle's malocclusions.
MATERIAL AND METHODS
A total of 120 individuals aged between 19 and 30 years were examined and were divided into two groups according to Angle's class (Class I and class II). The chewing efficiency was quantified using the ViewGum software and two-colored chewing gum. The contact area was quantified using modeling wax and MATLAB software. All data were collected, then, analyzed using SPSS software 21. Data normality was checked through kurtosis test. Descriptive results were calculated. Matched sample t-tests were used to compare chewing efficiency measurements between right and left sides. Independent t-tests were used to compare chewing efficiency and the contact area between class I and class II of Angle's malocclusions. Linear regression and Pearson correlation were used to assess the correlation between chewing efficiency and the contact area. The significance level was fixed at p = 0.05.
RESULTS
For group 1, the mean hue value on both sides was 0.086 ± 0.058. For group 2, it was 0.095 ± 0.055. The difference between both groups was statistically significant (p = 0.03). For group 1, the mean contact area was 49.91 ± 21.47 mm. For group 2, it was 51.42 ± 19.76 mm. The difference was statistically not significant (p = 0.4). The correlation between the contact area and the chewing efficiency in both groups was statistically significant and it was negative (in class I p = 0 and R = -0.616; in class II p = 0.01 and R = -0.408).
CONCLUSION
The Chewing is better for patients with Angle's Class I malocclusion. The contact area is higher. Larger occlusal contact area leads to higher masticatory efficiency. Further studies should be conducted.
PubMed: 38690385
DOI: 10.1016/j.sdentj.2023.12.016 -
BMC Oral Health Apr 2024Dentin hypersensitivity, often occurring after dental treatments or from erosive lesions, is a prevalent patient complaint. This study introduces a paste combining 8%... (Randomized Controlled Trial)
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study
Evaluation and comparison of the effects of a new paste containing 8% L-Arginine and CaCO3 plus KNO3 on dentinal tubules occlusion and dental sensitivity: a randomized, triple blinded clinical trial study.
BACKGROUND
Dentin hypersensitivity, often occurring after dental treatments or from erosive lesions, is a prevalent patient complaint. This study introduces a paste combining 8% L-arginine, calcium carbonate, and potassium nitrate to evaluate its impact on dentinal tubules occlusion, dentin permeability, and tooth sensitivity.
METHODS
Dentin surfaces from 24 third molars (thickness: 2 mm) were divided into two groups of 12. One received the experimental paste, while the other received a placebo without desensitizer. Permeability and sealing ability were assessed through scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and dentin permeability measurement. The pastes' effects on hypersensitivity were then examined in a triple-blind, randomized parallel-armed clinical trial with 16 eligible patients. Sensitivity to cold, touch, and spontaneous stimuli was recorded using the VAS scale at various intervals post-treatment. Statistical analysis was conducted using Shapiro-Wilk, Mann-Whitney U, Friedman, and Wilcoxon tests (α = 0.05).
RESULTS
The permeability test demonstrated a significant reduction in dentin permeability in the experimental group (P = 0.002) compared to the control (P = 0.178). SEM images revealed most dentinal tubules in the intervention samples to be occluded. Clinically, both groups showed a significant decrease in the three types of evaluated sensitivity throughout the study. However, no significant difference in sensitivities between the two groups was observed, with the exception of cold sensitivity at three months post-treatment (P = 0.054).
CONCLUSION
The innovative desensitizing paste featuring 8% L-arginine, calcium carbonate, and potassium nitrate effectively occluded dentinal tubules and reduced dentin permeability. It mitigated immediate and prolonged dentin hypersensitivity to various stimuli, supporting its potential role in managing dentin hypersensitivity.
TRIAL REGISTRATION
http://irct.ir : IRCT20220829055822N1, September 9th, 2022.
Topics: Humans; Dentin Sensitivity; Arginine; Calcium Carbonate; Nitrates; Male; Female; Potassium Compounds; Dentin Desensitizing Agents; Adult; Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; Dentin Permeability; Dentin; Toothpastes; Young Adult; Middle Aged
PubMed: 38685035
DOI: 10.1186/s12903-024-04298-3 -
Journal of Dentistry Jul 2024This study evaluated the reliability of a face scanner in measuring the vertical dimension of occlusion (VDO).
OBJECTIVE
This study evaluated the reliability of a face scanner in measuring the vertical dimension of occlusion (VDO).
METHODS
Fully dentate volunteers (n = 20; mean-age = 30.0 ± 10.7 years) were recruited. Clinical facial measurements were obtained using a digital caliper and a face scanner (Obiscanner, Fifthingenium, Italy). The scans were imported into a mesh-processing software, and the distances were measured digitally. Measurements were obtained for each participant with the jaws positioned in maximal intercuspation (MI) and with increased vertical distances of 2, 4, and 6 mm. Vertical and horizontal measures were obtained using facial anatomical landmarks: Glabella (GL), Pronasale (PrN), Subnasale (SbN), inferior border of the right and left Alare, Labiale superius (Ls), right and left Cheilion (Ch), Soft Pogonion (SPg), right and left Tragus of the ear (Tr), for all selected vertical positions. Data analysis included intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC), pairwise comparison tests, Bland-Altman plots, and Passing-Bablok regression.
RESULTS
120 VDO measurements (clinical=60, digital=60) were recorded by two independent evaluators. Mean differences between digital and clinical measurements ranged from 0.054 ± 0.14 mm to 0.203 ± 0.13 mm. All parameters were strongly correlated (r > 0.93; p < 0.001). ICC estimates revealed excellent reliability, and the measuring procedure yielded the same results on repeated trials irrespective of the raters and measurement methods. Bland-Altman plots revealed a difference, between digital and clinical measurements, of 1.7 % for the vertical measurements. Regression analysis revealed no significant proportional difference between the two methods, so both can be used interchangeably.
CONCLUSIONS
The findings of this study demonstrate that VDO can be measured accurately from face scans using 3D mesh-processing software and that even small changes in the VDO could be detected using the digital methods.
CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE
Findings provide evidence about the reliability of a digital method for jaw relation registrations and may be applied towards incorporating this method into clinical workflows for computer-aided-design/ computer-assisted-manufacturing (CAD-CAM) dentures.
Topics: Humans; Adult; Reproducibility of Results; Vertical Dimension; Male; Female; Face; Young Adult; Cephalometry; Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; Anatomic Landmarks; Dental Occlusion; Software; Imaging, Three-Dimensional; Lip; Nose; Middle Aged
PubMed: 38679136
DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2024.105016 -
Children (Basel, Switzerland) Apr 2024Early mixed dentition represents a critical phase since crowding conditions can occur. The interceptive resolution of dental crowding allows favorable arch and occlusal...
BACKGROUND
Early mixed dentition represents a critical phase since crowding conditions can occur. The interceptive resolution of dental crowding allows favorable arch and occlusal development. The aim of the present investigation was to evaluate dentoalveolar changes of clear aligner treatment planned to manage lower incisor crowding, loss of arch length, and midline deviation in early mixed dentition.
METHODS
A total of 13 patients (7 females, 6 males, 9.4 ± 1.2 age) treated with clear aligners were selected. Arch dimensions and incisor inclinations were evaluated before (T0) and at the end of interceptive treatment (T1). A paired -test was chosen to compare T1-T0 changes. The level of significance was set at 5%.
RESULTS
The greatest significant increase in mandibular width was observed at the level of the first deciduous molars (+2.44 ± 1.4 mm), followed by the second permanent molars (+2.16 ± 1.4 mm). Lower arch length and arch depth showed a statistically relevant increase (2 ± 0.6 mm and 4.5 ± 1.6 mm, respectively). The mean lower dental midline changes were statistically significant (1.42 ± 0.73 mm).
CONCLUSIONS
Early treatment with clear aligners, including the combination of transversal arch development, maintenance of leeway space, and guidance of eruption, represents a valid treatment strategy in early mixed dentition to manage arch crowding and occlusion development.
PubMed: 38671668
DOI: 10.3390/children11040451 -
Scientific Reports Apr 2024Analyzing the correlation between cephalometric measurements is important for improving our understanding of the anatomy in the oral and maxillofacial region. To...
Analyzing the correlation between cephalometric measurements is important for improving our understanding of the anatomy in the oral and maxillofacial region. To minimize bias resulting from the design of the input data and to establish a reference for malocclusion research, the aims of this study were to construct the input set by integrating nine cephalometric analyses and to study the correlation structure of cephalometric variables in Korean adults with normal occlusion. To analyze the complex correlation structure among 65 cephalometric variables, which were based on nine classical cephalometric analyses, network analysis was applied to data obtained from 735 adults (368 males, 367 females) aged 18-25 years with normal occlusion. The structure was better revealed through weighted network analysis and minimum spanning tree. Network analysis revealed cephalometric variable clusters and the inter- and intra-correlation structure. Some metrics were divided based on their geometric interpretation rather than their clinical significance. It was confirmed that various classical cephalometric analyses primarily focus on investigating nine anatomical features. Investigating the correlation between cephalometric variables through network analysis can significantly enhance our understanding of the anatomical characteristics in the oral and maxillofacial region, which is a crucial step in studying malocclusion using artificial intelligence.
Topics: Humans; Cephalometry; Male; Female; Adult; Adolescent; Republic of Korea; Young Adult; Dental Occlusion; East Asian People
PubMed: 38671196
DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-60410-1