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Journal of Pharmacy & Bioallied Sciences Apr 2024Oral malignant lesions are the most common malignancy of which majority are diagnosed in advanced stages in Saudi Arabia. Patients with oral malignant lesion are first...
Oral malignant lesions are the most common malignancy of which majority are diagnosed in advanced stages in Saudi Arabia. Patients with oral malignant lesion are first seen by general dental practitioners and dental students. Multiple surveys have been conducted and published to assess the students, interns, and dentists' awareness and attitude toward oral premalignant lesions worldwide. However, little is known about this issue in Saudi Arabia. We aimed to assess knowledge and awareness of detecting oral premalignant lesions among dental students, dental interns, and practitioners in Saudi Arabia. A cross-sectional questionnaire-based survey was conducted and electronically distributed. The questionnaire comprised of three sections including demographic variables, knowledge of risk factors of oral malignancy, and six clinical case scenarios. Descriptive statistics were used, and the results were reported using cross-tabulation and the Chi-square test. A 300 participants answered to the questionnaire, and 83% of respondents strongly agreed that smoking is a risk factor for oral malignancy. However, there was some uncertainty in responses for some more specific oral-related factors, such as a sharp-edged tooth and irritation from dental restoration. Furthermore, the knowledge and awareness of detecting frankly benign and frankly malignant lesions such as fibroma and squamous cell carcinoma are higher comparing to potentially malignant lesion, i.e. lichen planus. Knowledge and awareness of detecting oral premalignant lesions vary based on malignancy factors and by participants academic level. Fibroma and SCC are detected easily among all participants. However, lichen planus was the hardest to diagnose among oral lesions.
PubMed: 38882888
DOI: 10.4103/jpbs.jpbs_895_23 -
Journal of Pharmacy & Bioallied Sciences Apr 2024In the current climate of heightened terrorist activity, the deliberate release or threat of biological agents like viruses, bacteria, fungi, or their toxins to induce...
INTRODUCTION
In the current climate of heightened terrorist activity, the deliberate release or threat of biological agents like viruses, bacteria, fungi, or their toxins to induce sickness or death among civilians has become a genuine possibility. The most crucial action during a bioterrorist strike is early warning. The possibility of such an occurrence in dental setting is underestimated.
METHODS AND MATERIALS
Seventy five graduate students participated in the research. In a survey on zoonotic diseases, participants were asked whether they were familiar with the transmission from person to person, if the diseases caused significant morbidity and mortality, whether they were simple to produce and disseminate, and whether they posed a high risk of infection.
RESULTS
Graph Prism was used to examine the data. A single proportion test was used to determine the "Aware Not Aware" group. The first 10 questions assessed dentists objective knowledge of bioterrorism. The importance of the last six questions was determined by their analysis of dentists' preparedness and desire to respond to a bioterrorism associated occurrence via perceived knowledge.
CONCLUSION
Given the real danger they may face, dentists needed to be vigilant regarding the prevention, detection, and treatment of zoonotic illnesses transmitted in their offices or as a vector while being commended for their courage in the face of adversity.
PubMed: 38882852
DOI: 10.4103/jpbs.jpbs_1125_23 -
Journal of Pharmacy & Bioallied Sciences Apr 2024The misuse and overuse of antibiotics in dental practice are well known and have become widespread worldwide. Its potential effect and high risk of serious reaction have...
INTRODUCTION
The misuse and overuse of antibiotics in dental practice are well known and have become widespread worldwide. Its potential effect and high risk of serious reaction have emphasized the need to reduce and limit the precipitation. In this study we aimed to identify the prevalence, type, dose, and duration of antibiotics prescribed by general medical and dental practitioners in Saudi Arabia.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
This cross-sectional study was performed from April 2020 to December 2020. A total of 45,100 antibiotic prescriptions were collected from different governmental and private pharmacies and screened to be included in this study. Data extraction from all prescriptions followed a standardized form that included the following information: Doctor specialty, type of antibiotic, duration, and dose of antibiotic.
RESULTS
A total of 38,175 antibiotic prescriptions prescribed by licensed doctors practicing in governmental or private hospitals were included in this study. Thirty-five thousand one hundred and seventy-eight (92%) outpatient antibiotics were prescribed by medical practitioners, and 2997 (8%) antibiotics were prescribed by dentists. The most commonly prescribed antibiotic was Augmentin (60%), followed by metronidazole and amoxicillin (35%). The most common dose and duration prescribed by dentists for Augmentin was 625 mg, 3 times per day for 5 days, whereas that of metronidazole was 500 mg, 3 times per day for 7 days. Prescribed dose and duration of amoxicillin was 500 mg, 3 times per day for 7 days.
CONCLUSIONS
This study helps in understanding healthcare practitioners' patterns and adds to the knowledge on how to deal with odontogenic infections. Further national studies are recommended to include more regions in Saudi Arabia and to illustrate the misuse of outpatient antibiotics.
PubMed: 38882843
DOI: 10.4103/jpbs.jpbs_506_23 -
Journal of Pharmacy & Bioallied Sciences Apr 2024To overcome disruptive behavior of children, pediatric dentists rely on various behavior management techniques. When dental therapy is pertinent and nonaversive...
BACKGROUND
To overcome disruptive behavior of children, pediatric dentists rely on various behavior management techniques. When dental therapy is pertinent and nonaversive techniques like tell-show-do, voice control, and positive reinforcement are ineffective; the role of advanced behavior guidance techniques like physical restraints and protective stabilization is of paramount importance.
AIM
The study was carried out to elicit parents' opinion and record their response to their children's experience who underwent dental treatment with an extra assistant for protective stabilization.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Response was elicited to a questionnaire from 50 parents of children lacking cooperative ability and were exposed to an extra assistant for protective stabilization during various dental procedures.
RESULTS
The dental assistant was most preferred as the extra assistant to provide active stabilization. An overwhelming 98% of the parents agreed to protective stabilization with an extra assistant as advantageous and a good 88% of the parents recommended its use for further appointments of their children.
CONCLUSION
Majority of the parents approved protective stabilization with an extra assistant in future appointments of their children.
PubMed: 38882829
DOI: 10.4103/jpbs.jpbs_1183_23 -
Journal of Pharmacy & Bioallied Sciences Apr 2024The electrochemical dissolution method of instrument retrieval emphasizes on the dissolution of the instrument rather than sacrificing dentine. Most of the studies...
OBJECTIVE
The electrochemical dissolution method of instrument retrieval emphasizes on the dissolution of the instrument rather than sacrificing dentine. Most of the studies conducted for electrochemical dissolution used fluoride-containing electrolytes and were performed inside a beaker. In this study, we used chloride-based fluids as electrolytes.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Fifty extracted mandibular first premolars were divided into five groups based on the electrolytes used. Canals were enlarged to ProTaper Universal F2, and files were intentionally broken inside the canal. These specimens were subjected to electrochemical characterization by applying the potential of 9V for 20 min. Optical images were taken to assess the change in surface topography. The results were analyzed statistically by one-way analysis of variance (analysis of variance [ANOVA]).
RESULTS
The rate of dissolution based on the electrolyte used decreased in the following order, viz. Tyrode's solution>artificial saliva>normal saline>Ringer's lactate/physiological serum.
CONCLUSION
Apart from fluoride, chloride-based electrolytes could be an efficient alternative.
PubMed: 38882790
DOI: 10.4103/jpbs.jpbs_1225_23 -
Journal of Pharmacy & Bioallied Sciences Apr 2024The current survey was conducted to assess the knowledge, awareness and perception of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) on accelerated tooth movement among dentist present in...
The current survey was conducted to assess the knowledge, awareness and perception of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) on accelerated tooth movement among dentist present in the state of Tamil Nadu. Tamil Nadu dentists were the subjects of the cross-sectional questionnaire survey. 500 participants completed self-administered questionnaires about their knowledge, awareness, and perception of PRP's effect on accelerated tooth movement. The Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) (V 22.0) was used to do the statistical analysis. It computed the frequency distribution.The result showed that 466 (93.2%) had prior knowledge of PRP, whereas 34 (6.4%) had no previous experience with it. A total of 156 (31.2%) dentists were aware that PRP procedures are used for teeth rotation and canine retraction.15.2% of participants stated that PRP facilitates accelerated tooth movement.Therefore, results of the study show that the dentists were a little aware of PRP as an additional therapeutic strategy for accelerating tooth movement.More awareness required among the dentist regarding application and its benefits of PRP in accelerated tooth movement.
PubMed: 38882770
DOI: 10.4103/jpbs.jpbs_1187_23 -
Journal of Pharmacy & Bioallied Sciences Apr 2024Artificial intelligence (AI) is an emerging tool in modern medicine and the digital world. AI can help dentists diagnose oral diseases, design treatment plans, monitor...
UNLABELLED
Artificial intelligence (AI) is an emerging tool in modern medicine and the digital world. AI can help dentists diagnose oral diseases, design treatment plans, monitor patient progress and automate administrative tasks. The aim of this study is to evaluate the perception and attitude on use of artificial intelligence in dentistry for diagnosis and treatment planning among dentists and non-dentists' population of south Tamil Nadu region in India.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
A cross sectional online survey conducted using 20 close ended questionnaire google forms which were circulated among the dentists and non -dentists population of south Tamil Nadu region in India. The data collected from 264 participants (dentists -158, non-dentists -106) within a limited time frame were subjected to descriptive statistical analysis.
RESULTS
70.9% of dentists are aware of artificial intelligence in dentistry. 40.5% participants were not aware of AI in caries detection but aware of its use in interpretation of radiographs (43.9%) and in planning of orthognathic surgery (42.4%) which are statistically significant < 0.05.44.7% support clinical experience of a human doctor better than AI diagnosis. Dentists of 54.4% agree to support AI use in dentistry.
CONCLUSION
The study concluded AI use in dentistry knowledge is more with dentists and perception of AI in dentistry is optimistic among dentists than non -dentists, majority of participants support AI in dentistry as an adjunct tool to diagnosis and treatment planning.
PubMed: 38882768
DOI: 10.4103/jpbs.jpbs_1019_23 -
Journal of Pharmacy & Bioallied Sciences Apr 2024Orthodontic treatment often spans several months or even years, which can be burdensome for patients. Biomodulation techniques have emerged as potential strategies to...
BACKGROUND
Orthodontic treatment often spans several months or even years, which can be burdensome for patients. Biomodulation techniques have emerged as potential strategies to expedite orthodontic tooth movement.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
A randomized clinical trial was conducted with a sample of 60 orthodontic patients, aged 12-30 years, requiring fixed appliance therapy. Patients were randomly assigned to either the biomodulation group ( = 30) or the control group ( = 30). The biomodulation group received low-level laser therapy (LLLT) along with traditional orthodontic treatment, while the control group received conventional orthodontic treatment without LLLT. Treatment duration, pain perception, and orthodontic tooth movement were assessed during the study period.
RESULTS
The results demonstrated a significant reduction in treatment duration in the biomodulation group compared to the control group. The biomodulation group exhibited a 30% reduction in overall treatment time, with an average treatment duration of 8.4 months, while the control group required an average of 12 months ( < 0.001). Pain perception during orthodontic adjustments was lower in the biomodulation group. Additionally, biomodulation was associated with a statistically significant increase in the rate of tooth movement, as evidenced by a 20% reduction in the time required to achieve desired tooth alignment ( < 0.01).
CONCLUSION
Biomodulation through low-level laser therapy represents a promising adjunct to traditional orthodontic treatment, significantly accelerating tooth movement and reducing treatment duration.
PubMed: 38882742
DOI: 10.4103/jpbs.jpbs_1143_23 -
Journal of Pharmacy & Bioallied Sciences Apr 2024The current study was conducted with the aim of evaluating the retention protocol followed by orthodontists in India.
AIM
The current study was conducted with the aim of evaluating the retention protocol followed by orthodontists in India.
MATERIAL AND METHODS
A cross-sectional web-based questionnaire survey was carried out to evaluate the retention protocol. To determine the sample size, a pilot study was carried out, and the final sample arrived was 250 subjects. The current study's inclusion criteria took into account those who had finished their BDS&MDS (Orthodontist).
RESULTS
The data were statistically examined when the surveys were received and completed. The choice for fixed retainers was 67.4%. Retainer wear time preferences ranged widely, with 60% preferring 12-18 hours. The initial post-retention check appointment was planned by the majority of orthodontists (47.6%) within the next three months. Recall appointments for retention checks were only planned by the majority of orthodontists (56.3%) once every three months. Regular involvement by patients at their retention check appointments was (38%).
CONCLUSION
The most commonly used and preferred type of retainer is fixed retainer, and dentist preferences range around 12-18 hours of wear time. Furthermore, the duration of the retainer wear preferred by most orthodontists/dentists is 10 months to 2 years.
PubMed: 38882740
DOI: 10.4103/jpbs.jpbs_1099_23 -
Journal of Pharmacy & Bioallied Sciences Apr 2024To compare the effectiveness of various modes of oral health education in visually impaired children. A total of 100 students aged 8-15 years were included. The children...
To compare the effectiveness of various modes of oral health education in visually impaired children. A total of 100 students aged 8-15 years were included. The children were divided randomly into four groups. Children in Group I received oral hygiene instructions through Braille pamphlets. In Group II, children received instructions through nonvisual desktop access (NVDA). For children in Group III, both Braille and NVDA were used to deliver the instructions. Children included in Group IV served as controls, who did not receive any information in any form for the study period. After oral examination to record plaque and OHI-S scores, a questionnaire was given to the children to assess their knowledge scores. The same questionnaire was repeated after 1 month to reassess the knowledge score in different groups. Chi-square test, Wilcoxon test, and analysis tests were used. The mean plaque scores among the control group children at the follow-up were significantly higher (2.5 ± 0.64) than any other group. Similarly, the control group had higher mean oral hygiene simplified scores (1.75 ± 1.32) than the Braille (1.12 ± 0.65), NVDA (0.85 ± 1.38), and Braille + NVDA (0.2 ± 0.64) groups at follow-up. With regards to the mean total knowledge score, the control group scored the least (2.16 ± 1.46), while the Braille, NVDA, and Braille + NVDA groups scored 3.16 ± 1.43, 4.52 ± 1.12, and 6.36 ± 0.52, respectively. Combination of Braille and NVDA was found to be effective in educating and motivating visually impaired children regarding maintenance of oral hygiene.
PubMed: 38882738
DOI: 10.4103/jpbs.jpbs_1297_23