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Journal of Cancer Research and... 2018Benign mesenchymomas, exceptionally rare tumors, composed of two or more nonepithelial mesenchymal elements are not usually found together in a tumor. We report herein a...
Benign mesenchymomas, exceptionally rare tumors, composed of two or more nonepithelial mesenchymal elements are not usually found together in a tumor. We report herein a rare case of benign mesenchymoma in the lower end of tibia in a 36-year-old female showing fibrous, fatty, and osseous elements.
Topics: Adult; Bone Neoplasms; Female; Humans; Mesenchymoma; Prognosis; Rare Diseases
PubMed: 29893345
DOI: 10.4103/0973-1482.172578 -
The Pan African Medical Journal 2017Giant cell fibroblastoma (GCF) is a rare superficial tumor occurring in male infants. We report the case of a 3-month old infant examined for a mass in his right arm....
Giant cell fibroblastoma (GCF) is a rare superficial tumor occurring in male infants. We report the case of a 3-month old infant examined for a mass in his right arm. Arm MRI objectified a subcutaneous mass. The patient underwent total excision of the mass. Histological, immuno-histochemical and genetic examinations showed giant cell fibroblastoma. This tumor poses diagnostic challenges to the pathologist because it may be confused with malignant mesenchymal tumors with different prognosis.
Topics: Arm; Dermatofibrosarcoma; Diagnosis, Differential; Humans; Infant; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Male; Mesenchymoma; Skin Neoplasms
PubMed: 29881506
DOI: 10.11604/pamj.2017.28.263.12766 -
International Journal of Oral Science Feb 2018Prompted by a unique case of an ectomesenchymal chondromyxoid tumor (ECT) of the palate in a 54-year-old female, we reviewed the English and German literature on this... (Review)
Review
Prompted by a unique case of an ectomesenchymal chondromyxoid tumor (ECT) of the palate in a 54-year-old female, we reviewed the English and German literature on this entity until the end of 2016 using PubMed. The search produced 74 lingual cases with a nearly equal sex distribution and a mean age of 39.3 years, and two extra-lingual cases sharing histological and immunohistological features including nodular growth, round, fusiform or spindle-shaped cellular architecture, and chondromyxoid stroma. Immunophenotyping showed the majority of cases to be positive for glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), S-100 protein, glycoprotein CD57, pancytokeratin (AE1/AE3), and smooth muscle actin (SMA); in isolated cases there was molecular-genetic rearrangement or gain of Ewing sarcoma breakpoint region 1 (EWSR1) but no rearrangement of pleomorphic adenoma gene 1 (PLAG1). At present, ectomesenchymal cells that migrate from the neural crest are considered to play a pivotal role in tumor origin. All cases had a benign course, although there were three recurrences. Because of the rarity of this tumor and the need for differential diagnostic differentiation from myoepithelioma and pleomorphic adenoma, both oral surgeons and pathologists should be aware of this entity.
Topics: Biomarkers, Tumor; Chondroma; Diagnosis, Differential; Female; Humans; Immunophenotyping; Mesenchymoma; Middle Aged; Myoepithelioma; Palatal Neoplasms
PubMed: 29491357
DOI: 10.1038/s41368-017-0003-9 -
International Journal of Surgery Case... 2018Benign Osseous metaplasia of the breast is rare, with only a few cases reported in the literature. Here we present a case of benign osseous metaplasia of the breast...
INTRODUCTION
Benign Osseous metaplasia of the breast is rare, with only a few cases reported in the literature. Here we present a case of benign osseous metaplasia of the breast presenting as a breast lump.
CASE PRESENTATION
38-year-old previously well woman presented with a one-year history of bilateral breast pain and a left-sided breast lump. Ultrasound and mammography suggested calcified fibroadenoma. An ultrasound-guided true cut biopsy revealed fibrous tissue containing foci of adenosis in the presence of a myoepithelial cell layer. Excision biopsy was performed, and histopathological examination showed bone matrix deposition occupying most of the nodule with peripheral hyalinized tissue but no evidence of malignancy. A diagnosis of benign osseous metaplasia of the breast was made, and the patient recovered well without recurrence after lump excision.
DISCUSSION
Only a few cases of osseous metaplasia are reported in the literature. Most reported cases are malignant, such as in fibrosarcoma, malignant mesenchymoma, osteoid sarcoma, osteogenic sarcoma, and osteochondrosarcoma.Very few cases of osseous sarcoma are reported in benign lesions such as fibroadenoma, pleomorphic adenoma, benign mesenchymoma, phyllodes tumor, and amyloid tumor of the breast. Joshi et al. first reported a case of benign osseous metaplasia of the breast presenting as breast lump in an HIV-positive patient [18]. We, therefore, consider this case to be the second case report of benign osseous metaplasia of the breast presenting as a breast lump, but the patient had no chronic illness.
CONCLUSION
A breast lump can be the first presentation of benign osseous metaplasia.
PubMed: 29482081
DOI: 10.1016/j.ijscr.2018.02.025 -
Eplasty 2017Lipomas are very common benign tumors located in any part of the body in which fat is normally present, but lipomas containing both osseous and cartilaginous elements...
Lipomas are very common benign tumors located in any part of the body in which fat is normally present, but lipomas containing both osseous and cartilaginous elements are rare. A case of osteochondrolipoma in a 72-year-old man is reported. The tumor in the mental region was 2×1.5×1.5 cm. After resection of the tumor, there has been no recurrence during the 6-month postoperative follow-up. Histological examination confirmed the definitive diagnosis. Osteochondrolipoma is an extremely unusual lesion that should be kept in mind in the differential diagnosis of soft-tissue tumors.
PubMed: 29238440
DOI: No ID Found -
Cancer Mar 2018Early response to induction chemotherapy is used in current European guidelines to evaluate the efficacy of chemotherapy and subsequently to adapt treatment in pediatric... (Randomized Controlled Trial)
Randomized Controlled Trial
Prognostic relevance of early radiologic response to induction chemotherapy in pediatric rhabdomyosarcoma: A report from the International Society of Pediatric Oncology Malignant Mesenchymal Tumor 95 study.
BACKGROUND
Early response to induction chemotherapy is used in current European guidelines to evaluate the efficacy of chemotherapy and subsequently to adapt treatment in pediatric patients with rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS). However, existing literature on the prognostic value of early radiologic response on survival is contradictory; here the prognostic value is analyzed with data from the International Society of Pediatric Oncology (SIOP) Malignant Mesenchymal Tumor 95 (MMT-95) study.
METHODS
This study examined 432 Intergroup Rhabdomyosarcoma Study Grouping III (macroscopic residue) patients enrolled in the SIOP MMT-95 study with a response assessment after 3 courses of chemotherapy (a 2-dimensional assessment). Patients with progressive disease (PD) after 3 courses of chemotherapy were excluded (n = 7). Failure-free survival (FFS) and overall survival (OS), calculated with the Kaplan-Meier method, were compared for 3 groups (complete response [CR]/partial response [PR], objective response [OR], and no response [NR]). The prognostic impact of early response was assessed through the calculation of Cox proportional hazards.
RESULTS
After 3 courses of chemotherapy, 85.2% of the patients had CR/PR, 8.6% had OR, and 6.3% had NR. For all patients, the 5-year FFS and OS rates were 60% (95% confidence interval [CI], 56%-65%) and 74% (95% CI, 70%-78%), respectively. However, a Cox proportional hazards regression analysis revealed no significant difference in FFS or OS between the response groups. The adjusted hazard ratios for an OR and NR were 1.09 (95% CI, 0.63-1.88) and 0.81 (95% CI, 0.39-1.67), respectively, for FFS and 0.91 (95% CI, 0.47-1.76) and 1.27 (95% CI, 0.61-2.64), respectively, for OS.
CONCLUSIONS
No evidence was found for the idea that early radiologic response to chemotherapy is prognostic for survival for patients with RMS. Treatment adaptation based on early response (except for patients with PD) should, therefore, no longer be incorporated into future studies. Cancer 2018;124:1016-24. © 2017 American Cancer Society.
Topics: Adolescent; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols; Chemoradiotherapy; Child; Child, Preschool; Disease-Free Survival; Female; Humans; Induction Chemotherapy; Infant; International Cooperation; Male; Medical Oncology; Mesenchymoma; Outcome Assessment, Health Care; Pediatrics; Retrospective Studies; Rhabdomyosarcoma; Societies, Medical
PubMed: 29211298
DOI: 10.1002/cncr.31157 -
The Journal of Thoracic and... Jan 2018
Topics: Cardiac Surgical Procedures; Contrast Media; Dyspnea; Echocardiography, Transesophageal; Gadolinium; Hamartoma; Heart Neoplasms; Hemodynamics; Humans; Image Enhancement; Immunohistochemistry; Intraoperative Care; Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Cine; Male; Mesenchymoma; Middle Aged; Treatment Outcome; Ventricular Septum
PubMed: 29103814
DOI: 10.1016/j.jtcvs.2017.09.051 -
Turk Patoloji Dergisi 2017Programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) found on tumor cells has recently been reported to have a key role in the development and dissemination of many tumors, such as lung...
OBJECTIVE
Programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) found on tumor cells has recently been reported to have a key role in the development and dissemination of many tumors, such as lung and breast carcinomas. In this study, we retrospectively analyzed PD-L1 expression among different types of sarcomas.
MATERIAL AND METHOD
Tissue microarrays of 3-4 mm diameter were composed from paraffin blocks of 222 various sarcomas. Slides prepared from microarrays were stained for PD-L1 antibody (Cell Signaling, E1L3N®) using Leica Bond Autostainer. Any membranous staining over 5% of the cells was regarded as positive. Quantitative real-time PCR with TaqMan gene expression assays for PDL1 was performed using whole sections from FFPE tissue of PD-L1 positive cases, by normalizing absolute values to β-actin. Relative expression level of mRNA of PDL1 was calculated and scored using Log102(threshold cycle of b-actin - threshold cycle of PDL1).
RESULTS
Immunohistochemically, PD-L1 expression was present in 34 of 222 (15%) sarcomas. 5/13 (39%) undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcomas, 6/18 (33%) malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors, 5/16 (31%) dedifferentiated liposarcomas, 4/19 (21%) rhabdomyosarcomas, 2/16 (13%) epithelioid sarcomas, 2/15 (13%) leiomyosarcomas, 3/26 (12%) synovial sarcomas, 1/18 (6%) myxoid liposarcoma, 1/2 (50%) extraskeletal myxoid chondrosarcoma, 1/3 (33%) alveolar soft part sarcoma, 1/3 (33%) parachordoma/myoepithelioma, 1/5 (20%) pleomorphic liposarcoma, 1/7 (14%) angiosarcoma, 1/8 (13%) Ewing sarcoma showed PD-L1 expression. Cases of solitary fibrous tumor/hemangiopericytoma (18), desmoplastic round cell tumor (14), Ewing-like sarcoma (6), epithelioid hemangioendothelioma (5), clear cell sarcoma (4), myxofibrosarcoma (4), low grade fibromyxoid sarcoma (2) were all negative. Tumor-infiltrating hematopoietic cells were positive for PD-L1 in 32 cases (15%) with only 2 cases overlapping with PD-L1 staining in tumoral cells. Sixteen of 34 (47%) immunohistochemically PD-L1 positive cases showed significant but low-level PD-L1 mRNA overexpression.
CONCLUSION
We have shown PD-L1 expression in a subset of sarcomas, both at the protein and mRNA level. High-grade pleomorphic sarcomas tend to show more frequent PD-L1 expression. Clinical trials are necessary to further assess the effect of anti PD-L1 drugs on sarcomas showing PD-L1 expression.
Topics: B7-H1 Antigen; Biomarkers, Tumor; Biopsy; Humans; Immunohistochemistry; Mesenchymoma; Neoplasm Grading; RNA, Messenger; Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction; Sarcoma; Tissue Array Analysis
PubMed: 28832074
DOI: 10.5146/tjpath.2017.01395 -
Medicine Aug 2017Malignant mesenchymoma (MM) is defined as a heterogeneous malignant soft tissue tumor that consists of 2 or more distinctly different mesenchymal components in addition...
RATIONALE
Malignant mesenchymoma (MM) is defined as a heterogeneous malignant soft tissue tumor that consists of 2 or more distinctly different mesenchymal components in addition to fibrosarcomatous elements. Bladder MM was rarely reported in the literature and there are only 5 cases of primary bladder MM documented in English literature to date.
PATIENT CONCERNS
A 58-year-old male complained of difficulty in urination and intermittent gross hematuria for 3 months. Doppler ultrasound scan revealed an avascular and homogeneous hypoechoic mass measured 6.5 × 9 cm in the bladder. Computed tomography showed a homogeneous solid mass in the bladder.
DIAGNOSES
Pathology revealed spindle-shaped tumor and proliferation of poorly differentiated immature mesenchymal cells rich in eosinophilic cytoplasm with hyperchromatic sticklike nuclei. Immunohistochemical examinations were positive for CD117.
INTERVENTIONS
The patient was diagnosed with presence of bladder tumor and underwent radical cystectomy; the optimal treatment strategy was reviewed and discussed.
OUTCOMES
There was no recurrence or metastasis during a 16-month follow-up.
LESSONS
Our case study demonstrated bladder MM with a relatively indolent clinical course. A multidisciplinary approach including surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy may be useful. Radical resection is the most important determinant of clinical outcome. Generally, the clinical outcome and prognosis of mesenchymoma are favorable.
Topics: Humans; Male; Mesenchymoma; Middle Aged; Urinary Bladder Neoplasms
PubMed: 28796040
DOI: 10.1097/MD.0000000000007579 -
Clinics (Sao Paulo, Brazil) Apr 2017Esophageal leiomyoma is the most common benign tumor of the esophagus, and it originates from mesenchymal tissue. This study analyzed the clinicopathological...
OBJECTIVES:
Esophageal leiomyoma is the most common benign tumor of the esophagus, and it originates from mesenchymal tissue. This study analyzed the clinicopathological characteristics of esophageal leiomyoma and aimed to evaluate the role of endoscopic ultrasonography in the diagnosis and treatment selection for these lesions.
METHODS:
Two hundred and twenty-five patients who had suspected esophageal leiomyomas in endoscopic ultrasonography were enrolled at the Endoscopy Center of The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University from January 1st, 2009 to May 31th, 2015. The main outcomes included the demographic and morphological characteristics, symptoms, comparisons of diagnosis and treatment methods, adverse events, and prognosis.
RESULTS:
One hundred and sixty-seven patients were diagnosed as having an esophageal leiomyoma by pathological examination. The mean patient age was 50.57±9.983 years. In total, 62.9% of the lesions originated from the muscularis mucosa, and the others originated from the muscularis propria. The median distance to the incisors was 30±12 cm. The median diameter was 0.72±0.99 cm. As determined by endoscopic ultrasonography, most existing leiomyomas were homogeneous, endophytic, and spherical. The leiomyomas from the muscularis mucosa were smaller than those from the muscularis propria and much closer to the incisors (p<0.05). SMA (smooth muscle antibody) (97.2%) and desmin (94.5%) were positive in the majority of patients. In terms of treatments, patients preferred endoscopic therapies, which led to less adverse events (e.g., intraoperative bleeding, local infection, pleural effusion) than surgical operations (p<0.05). The superficial leiomyomas presented less adverse events and better recovery (p<0.05) than deep leiomyomas.
CONCLUSION:
Endoscopic ultrasonography has demonstrated high accuracy in the diagnosis of esophageal leiomyomas and provides great support in selecting treatments; however, EUS cannot completely avoid misdiagnosis, so combining it with other examinations may be a good strategy to solve this problem.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Data Accuracy; Desmin; Endoscopic Mucosal Resection; Endosonography; Esophageal Neoplasms; Female; Humans; Leiomyoma; Male; Mesenchymoma; Middle Aged; Muscle, Smooth; Retrospective Studies; Tomography
PubMed: 28492717
DOI: 10.6061/clinics/2017(04)01