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Medicine Mar 2024Botrychium ternatum ((Thunb.) Sw.), a traditional Chinese medicine, is known for its therapeutic properties in clearing heat, detoxifying, cough suppression, and phlegm... (Review)
Review
RATIONALE
Botrychium ternatum ((Thunb.) Sw.), a traditional Chinese medicine, is known for its therapeutic properties in clearing heat, detoxifying, cough suppression, and phlegm elimination. It has been extensively used in clinics for the treatment of many inflammation-related diseases. Currently, there are no documented cases of rhabdomyolysis resulting from Botrychium ternatum intoxication.
PATIENT CONCERNS
A 57-year-old male presented with a complaint of low back discomfort accompanied by tea-colored urine lasting for 4 days. The patient also exhibited markedly increased creatine phosphate kinase and myoglobin levels. Prior to the onset of symptoms, the patient consumed 50 g of Botrychium ternatum to alleviate pharyngodynia.
DIAGNOSES
The patient was diagnosed with rhabdomyolysis due to Botrychium ternatum intoxication.
INTERVENTIONS
The patient underwent a substantial volume of fluid resuscitation, diuresis, and alkalization of urine, as well as correction of the acid-base balance and electrolyte disruption.
OUTCOMES
Following a 10-day treatment plan involving massive fluid resuscitation, diuresis, and alkalization of urine, the patient showed notable improvement in his lower back pain and reported the absence of any discomfort. Following reexamination, the levels of creatine phosphate kinase and myoglobin were restored to within the normal ranges. Additionally, no abnormalities were detected in liver or renal function. As a result, the patient was considered eligible for discharge and was monitored.
CONCLUSIONS
Botrychium ternatum intoxication was associated with the development of rhabdomyolysis. To manage this condition, it is recommended that patients provide massive fluid resuscitation, diuresis, alkalization of urine, and other appropriate therapeutic interventions.
LESSON
Currently, there are no known cases of rhabdomyolysis resulting from Botrychium ternatum intoxication. However, it is important to consider the potential occurrence of rhabdomyolysis resulting from Botrychium ternatum intoxication when there is a correlation between the administration of Botrychium ternatum and the presence of muscular discomfort in the waist or throughout the body, along with tea-colored urine. Considering the levels of creatine phosphate kinase and myoglobin, the diagnosis or exclusion of rhabdomyolysis caused by Botrychium ternatum intoxication should be made, and suitable treatment should be administered accordingly.
Topics: Male; Humans; Middle Aged; Myoglobin; Phosphocreatine; Rhabdomyolysis; Fluid Therapy; Creatine Kinase; Tea
PubMed: 38428852
DOI: 10.1097/MD.0000000000037304 -
Scientific Reports Feb 2024This study aimed to compare the systemic and local metabolic responses during a 5-min trunk extension exercise in individuals with chronic low back pain (CLBP) and in...
This study aimed to compare the systemic and local metabolic responses during a 5-min trunk extension exercise in individuals with chronic low back pain (CLBP) and in healthy individuals. Thirteen active participants with CLBP paired with 13 healthy participants performed a standardised 5-min trunk extension exercise on an isokinetic dynamometer set in continuous passive motion mode. During exercise, we used near-infrared spectroscopy to measure tissue oxygenation (TOI) and total haemoglobin-myoglobin (THb). We used a gas exchange analyser to measure breath-by-breath oxygen consumption (V̇O) and carbon dioxide produced (V̇CO). We also calculated mechanical efficiency. We assessed the intensity of low back pain sensation before and after exercise by using a visual analogue scale. In participants with CLBP, low back pain increased following exercise (+ 1.5 units; p < 0.001) and THb decreased during exercise (- 4.0 units; p = 0.043). Paraspinal muscle oxygenation (65.0 and 71.0%, respectively; p = 0.009) and mechanical efficiency (4.7 and 5.3%, respectively; p = 0.034) were both lower in participants with CLBP compared with healthy participants. The increase in pain sensation was related to the decrease in tissue oxygenation (R = - 0.420; p = 0.036). Decreases in total haemoglobin-myoglobin and mechanical efficiency could involve fatigability in exercise-soliciting paraspinal muscles and, therefore, exacerbate inabilities in daily life. Given the positive correlation between tissue oxygenation and exercise-induced pain exacerbation, muscle oxygenation may be related to persisting and crippling low back pain.
Topics: Humans; Low Back Pain; Paraspinal Muscles; Muscle, Skeletal; Myoglobin; Exercise Therapy; Hemoglobins
PubMed: 38418858
DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-55672-8 -
Frontiers in Genetics 2024Intramuscular fat content (IFC) and meat color are vital indicators of pork quality. A significant positive correlation between IFC and redness of meat color (CIE...
Intramuscular fat content (IFC) and meat color are vital indicators of pork quality. A significant positive correlation between IFC and redness of meat color (CIE value) indicates that these two traits are likely to be regulated by shared molecular pathways.To identify candidate genes, hub genes, and signaling pathways that regulate these two traits, we measured the IFC and CIE value in 147 hybrid pigs, and selected individuls with extreme phenotypes for transcriptome analysis. The results revealed 485 and 394 overlapping differentially expressed genes (DEGs), using the DESeq2, limma, and edgeR packages, affecting the IFC and CIE value, respectively. Weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) identified four modules significantly correlated with the IFC and CIE value. Moreover, we integrated functional enrichment analysis results based on DEGs, GSEA, and WGCNA conditions to identify candidate genes, and identified 47 and 53 candidate genes affecting the IFC and CIE value, respectively. The protein protein interaction (PPI) network analysis of candidate genes showed that 5 and 13 hub genes affect the IFC and CIE value, respectively. These genes mainly participate in various pathways related to lipid metabolism and redox reactions. Notably, four crucial hub genes () were shared for these two traits. After functional annotation of these four hub genes, we hypothesized that the axis could co-regulate lipid metabolism and the myoglobin redox response. Further research on these hub genes, especially the axis, will help to understand the molecular mechanism of the co-regulation of the IFC and CIE value, which will provide a theoretical basis for improving pork quality.
PubMed: 38415055
DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2024.1351429 -
IScience Mar 2024The endogenous mechanisms that propagate cardiomyocyte differentiation and prevent de-differentiation remain unclear. While the expression of the heme protein myoglobin...
The endogenous mechanisms that propagate cardiomyocyte differentiation and prevent de-differentiation remain unclear. While the expression of the heme protein myoglobin increases by over 50% during cardiomyocyte differentiation, a role for myoglobin in regulating cardiomyocyte differentiation has not been tested. Here, we show that deletion of myoglobin in cardiomyocyte models decreases the gene expression of differentiation markers and stimulates cellular proliferation, consistent with cardiomyocyte de-differentiation. Mechanistically, the heme prosthetic group of myoglobin catalyzes the oxidation of the Hippo pathway kinase LATS1, resulting in phosphorylation and inactivation of yes-associated protein (YAP). , myoglobin-deficient zebrafish hearts show YAP dephosphorylation and accelerated cardiac regeneration after apical injury. Similarly, myoglobin knockdown in neonatal murine hearts shows increased YAP dephosphorylation and cardiomyocyte cycling. These data demonstrate a novel role for myoglobin as an endogenous driver of cardiomyocyte differentiation and highlight myoglobin as a potential target to enhance cardiac development and improve cardiac repair and regeneration.
PubMed: 38414852
DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.109146 -
Clinical Cardiology Feb 2024This study aimed to investigate the risk factors for nonrecovery of left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) during follow-up in patients with acute myocardial...
Establishment and validation of a prediction model for nonrecovery of left ventricular ejection fraction in acute myocardial infarction patients combined with decreased left ventricular ejection fraction.
BACKGROUND
This study aimed to investigate the risk factors for nonrecovery of left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) during follow-up in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) combined with reduced LVEF, and establish and verify a risk prediction model based on these factors.
METHODS
In this study, patients with AMI who underwent PCI in a high-volume PCI center between December 2018 and December 2021 were consecutively enrolled, screened, and randomly assigned to the model establishment and validation cohorts. A predictive model method based on least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression was used for establishment and validation.
RESULTS
Cardiac troponin I, myoglobin, left ventricular end-diastolic dimension, multivessel disease, and no-reflow were identified as potential predictors of LVEF recovery failure. The areas under the curve were 0.703 and 0.665 in the model establishment and validation cohorts, respectively, proving that the prediction model had some predictive ability. The calibration curves of the two cohorts showed good agreement with those of the nomogram model. In addition, the decision curve analysis showed that the model had a net clinical benefit.
CONCLUSION
This prediction model can assess the risk of nonrecovery of LVEF in patients with AMI undergoing PCI combined with LVEF reduction during follow-up, and conveniently screen high-risk patients with nonrecoverable LVEF early.
Topics: Humans; Stroke Volume; Ventricular Function, Left; Percutaneous Coronary Intervention; Diastole; Myocardial Infarction
PubMed: 38402553
DOI: 10.1002/clc.24212 -
Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) Feb 2024Cyclic tetrapyrrole derivatives such as porphyrins, chlorins, corrins (compounds with a corrin core), and phthalocyanines are a family of molecules containing four...
Cyclic tetrapyrrole derivatives such as porphyrins, chlorins, corrins (compounds with a corrin core), and phthalocyanines are a family of molecules containing four pyrrole rings usually coordinating a metal ion (Mg, Cu, Fe, Zn, etc.). Here, we report the characterization of some representative cyclic tetrapyrrole derivatives by MALDI-ToF/ToF MS analyses, including heme b and c, phthalocyanines, and protoporphyrins after proper matrix selection. Both neutral and acidic matrices were evaluated to assess potential demetallation, adduct formation, and fragmentation. While chlorophylls exhibited magnesium demetallation in acidic matrices, cyclic tetrapyrroles with Fe, Zn, Co, Cu, or Ni remained steadfast against demetallation across all conditions. Phthalocyanines and protoporphyrins were also detectable without a matrix using laser desorption ionization (LDI); however, the incorporation of matrices achieved the highest ionization yield, enhanced sensitivity, and negligible fragmentation. Three standard proteins, i.e., myoglobin, hemoglobin, and cytochrome c, were analyzed either intact or enzymatically digested, yielding heme b and heme c ions along with accompanying peptides. Furthermore, we successfully detected and characterized heme b in real samples, including blood, bovine and cod liver, and mussel. As a result, MALDI MS/MS emerged as a powerful tool for straightforward cyclic tetrapyrrole identification, even in highly complex samples. Our work paves the way for a more comprehensive understanding of cyclic tetrapyrroles in biological and industrial settings, including the geochemical field, as these compounds are a source of significant geological and geochemical information in sediments and crude oils.
Topics: Animals; Cattle; Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization; Tandem Mass Spectrometry; Tetrapyrroles; Protoporphyrins; Myoglobin; Heme
PubMed: 38398620
DOI: 10.3390/molecules29040868 -
Journal of Functional Morphology and... Jan 2024(1) There is growing concern surrounding the adverse effects of prolonged sitting on health, yet its impact on post-exercise recovery remains relatively unexplored. This...
(1) There is growing concern surrounding the adverse effects of prolonged sitting on health, yet its impact on post-exercise recovery remains relatively unexplored. This study aimed to better understand the potential influence of habitual prolonged sitting on recovery time and the unfavorable impact prolonged sitting may have on time to recovery, as assessed by muscle damage and inflammatory markers and an isokinetic dynamometer. (2) Nine college-age men (mean age ± = 22.1 ± 3.1 years, body mass = 80.9 ± 15.7 kg, height = 171 ± 9.0 cm, Body Mass Index (BMI) = 27.6 ± 4.9 kg·m) participated in an exhaustive exercise protocol. Creatine Kinase (CK), Myoglobin (Mb), C-Reactive Protein (CRP), White Blood Cell Count (WBC), Peak Torque (PT), and muscle soreness were measured at baseline and 0, 24, 48, and 72 h post-exercise. Dietary and exercise logs were maintained during the 5-day testing procedure. (3) No significant differences were observed in muscle damage markers (CK [ = 0.068] and Mb [ = 0.128]), inflammatory markers (CRP [ = 0.814] and WBC [ = 0.140]), or PT [ = 0.255]) at any time point. However, a significant positive correlation was found between daily sitting time and the percent increase in CK concentration from 0 h to 72 h ( = 0.738, = 0.023). Strong correlations were also noted between prolonged sitting and percent change in Mb concentration at 48 h ( = 0.71, = 0.033) and 72 h ( = 0.889, = 0.001). There was a significant two-way interaction for time × velocity ( = 0.043) for PT with a simple main effect for time at 60°·s-1 ( = 0.038). No significant associations were detected between daily carbohydrate or protein intake and recovery markers ( > 0.05). (4) The findings suggest minimizing daily sitting time may expedite and potentially aid muscle recovery after an intense exercise bout, although further research is warranted to validate these findings.
PubMed: 38390924
DOI: 10.3390/jfmk9010024 -
The Journal of Experimental Biology Mar 2024Oxygen store management underlies dive performance and is dependent on the slow heart rate and peripheral vasoconstriction of the dive response to control tissue blood...
Oxygen store management underlies dive performance and is dependent on the slow heart rate and peripheral vasoconstriction of the dive response to control tissue blood flow and oxygen uptake. Prior research has revealed two major patterns of muscle myoglobin saturation profiles during dives of emperor penguins. In Type A profiles, myoglobin desaturated rapidly, consistent with minimal muscle blood flow and low tissue oxygen uptake. Type B profiles, with fluctuating and slower declines in myoglobin saturation, were consistent with variable tissue blood flow patterns and tissue oxygen uptake during dives. We examined arterial and venous blood oxygen profiles to evaluate blood oxygen extraction and found two primary patterns of venous hemoglobin desaturation that complemented corresponding myoglobin saturation profiles. Type A venous profiles had a hemoglobin saturation that (a) increased/plateaued for most of a dive's duration, (b) only declined during the latter stages of ascent, and (c) often became arterialized [arterio-venous (a-v) shunting]. In Type B venous profiles, variable but progressive hemoglobin desaturation profiles were interrupted by inflections in the profile that were consistent with fluctuating tissue blood flow and oxygen uptake. End-of-dive saturation of arterial and Type A venous hemoglobin saturation profiles were not significantly different, but did differ from those of Type B venous profiles. These findings provide further support that the dive response of emperor penguins is a spectrum of cardiac and vascular components (including a-v shunting) that are dependent on the nature and demands of a given dive and even of a given segment of a dive.
Topics: Animals; Spheniscidae; Diving; Myoglobin; Oxygen; Hemoglobins
PubMed: 38390686
DOI: 10.1242/jeb.246832 -
Kidney360 Apr 2024In heme protein–mediated AKI (HP-AKI), a senescence phenotype promptly occurs, and increased expression of p16 contributes to HP-AKI. Renal p16 expression is induced...
KEY POINTS
In heme protein–mediated AKI (HP-AKI), a senescence phenotype promptly occurs, and increased expression of p16 contributes to HP-AKI. Renal p16 expression is induced by hemoglobin, myoglobin, and heme and in renal epithelial cells exposed to heme . Impairing the binding or degradation of heme by hemopexin deficiency or heme oxygenase-1 deficiency, respectively, further upregulates p16.
BACKGROUND
Understanding the pathogenetic basis for AKI involves the study of ischemic and nephrotoxic models of AKI, the latter including heme protein–mediated AKI (HP-AKI). Recently, interest has grown regarding the role of senescence as a mechanism of kidney injury, including AKI. We examined whether senescence occurs in HP-AKI and potential inducers of and the role of a key driver of senescence, namely, p16, in HP-AKI.
METHODS
The long-established murine glycerol model of HP-AKI was used, and indices of senescence were examined. To evaluate the interaction of heme and p16 expression, murine models of genetic deficiency of hemopexin () and heme oxygenase-1 () were used. To determine the involvement of p16 in HP-AKI, the population of p16-expressing cells was reduced using the model.
RESULTS
Using multiple indices, a senescence phenotype appears in the kidney within hours after the induction of HP-AKI. This phenotype includes significant upregulation of p16. p16 is upregulated in the kidney after the individual administration of myoglobin, hemoglobin, and heme, as well as in renal epithelial cells exposed to heme . Genetic deficiencies of and , which, independently, are expected to increase heme content in the kidney, exaggerate induction of p16 in the kidney and exacerbate HP-AKI, the latter shown in the present studies involving mice and in previous studies involving mice. Finally, reduction in the population of p16-expressing cells in the kidney improves renal function in HP-AKI even within 24 hours.
CONCLUSIONS
The pathogenesis of HP-AKI involves senescence and the induction of p16, the latter driven, in part, by hemoglobin, myoglobin, and heme.
Topics: Animals; Female; Humans; Male; Mice; Acute Kidney Injury; Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p16; Gene Expression Regulation; Heme; Hemeproteins
PubMed: 38379160
DOI: 10.34067/KID.0000000000000395 -
BMC Emergency Medicine Feb 2024After the Kahramanmaras earthquake of February 6, 2023, the disaster of the century, a significant number of victims were admitted to intensive care units (ICUs). In...
BACKGROUND
After the Kahramanmaras earthquake of February 6, 2023, the disaster of the century, a significant number of victims were admitted to intensive care units (ICUs). In this study, we aimed to share the characteristics and management of critical earthquake victims and shed light on our experiences as intensivists in future earthquakes.
METHODS
The study included 62 earthquake victims in two tertiary ICUs. Demographic characteristics, laboratory findings, clinical characteristics, trauma and disease severity scores, treatments administered to patients, and the clinical course of the patients were recorded retrospectively. The patients were divided into two groups, survivors and nonsurvivors, according to 7-day mortality and into two groups according to the duration of their stay under the rubble: those who remained under the rubble for 72 hours or less and those who remained under the rubble for more than 72 hours. A receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was used to determine the best cutoff value for the 'Circulation, Respiration, Abdomen, Motor, and Speech' (CRAMS) score.
RESULTS
The median age of the 62 patients included in the study was 35.5 (23-53) years. The median length of stay under the rubble for the patients was 30.5 (12-64.5) hours. The patient was transferred to the ward with a maximum duration of 222 hours under the rubble. The limb (75.8%) was the most common location of trauma in patients admitted to the ICU. Crush syndrome developed in 96.8% of the patients. There was a positive correlation between the development of acute kidney injury (AKI) and myoglobin, serum lactate, and uric acid levels (r = 0.372, p = 0.003; r = 0.307, p = 0.016; r = 0.428, p = 0.001, respectively). The best cutoff of the CRAMS score to predict in-7-day mortality was < 4.5 with 0.94 area under the curve (AUC); application of this threshold resulted in 75% sensitivity and 96.3% specificity.
CONCLUSION
Search and rescue operations should continue for at least ten days after an earthquake. The CRAMS score can be used to assess trauma severity and predict mortality in critically ill earthquake victims.
Topics: Humans; Adult; Middle Aged; Earthquakes; Retrospective Studies; Cross-Sectional Studies; Disasters; Intensive Care Units
PubMed: 38378483
DOI: 10.1186/s12873-024-00949-4