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Journal of Pharmacy & Bioallied Sciences Apr 2024Newer concept of root canal therapy is single-visit one rather than conventional multivisit therapy. Major complaint of patients after root canal therapy is mild or...
BACKGROUND
Newer concept of root canal therapy is single-visit one rather than conventional multivisit therapy. Major complaint of patients after root canal therapy is mild or severe pain.
AIM
This study aims to assess the prevalence of postoperative discomfort after root canal treatment conducted in both single and multiple visits.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
An experiment using a randomized controlled trial design was conducted, including a total of 80 participants. These individuals were then separated into two groups, with each group consisting of 40 participants. Group A had single-visit root canal therapy, whereas Group B received multivisit root canal treatment. The incidence of pain after therapy was evaluated and compared at four time points: 6 hours, 12 hours, 24 hours, and 48 hours after obturation.
RESULTS
The level of pain experienced by patients in Group B was notably greater in comparison with individuals in Group A. Nevertheless, there was no statistically significant difference in the level of pain reported by the patients 48 hours after treatment in either of the groups.
CONCLUSION
There is no significant difference in the occurrence of discomfort after endodontic treatment conducted in either a single visit or many visits, as seen during a 48-hour period after obturation.
PubMed: 38882805
DOI: 10.4103/jpbs.jpbs_1085_23 -
Journal of Pharmacy & Bioallied Sciences Apr 2024Orthodontic treatment often spans several months or even years, which can be burdensome for patients. Biomodulation techniques have emerged as potential strategies to...
BACKGROUND
Orthodontic treatment often spans several months or even years, which can be burdensome for patients. Biomodulation techniques have emerged as potential strategies to expedite orthodontic tooth movement.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
A randomized clinical trial was conducted with a sample of 60 orthodontic patients, aged 12-30 years, requiring fixed appliance therapy. Patients were randomly assigned to either the biomodulation group ( = 30) or the control group ( = 30). The biomodulation group received low-level laser therapy (LLLT) along with traditional orthodontic treatment, while the control group received conventional orthodontic treatment without LLLT. Treatment duration, pain perception, and orthodontic tooth movement were assessed during the study period.
RESULTS
The results demonstrated a significant reduction in treatment duration in the biomodulation group compared to the control group. The biomodulation group exhibited a 30% reduction in overall treatment time, with an average treatment duration of 8.4 months, while the control group required an average of 12 months ( < 0.001). Pain perception during orthodontic adjustments was lower in the biomodulation group. Additionally, biomodulation was associated with a statistically significant increase in the rate of tooth movement, as evidenced by a 20% reduction in the time required to achieve desired tooth alignment ( < 0.01).
CONCLUSION
Biomodulation through low-level laser therapy represents a promising adjunct to traditional orthodontic treatment, significantly accelerating tooth movement and reducing treatment duration.
PubMed: 38882742
DOI: 10.4103/jpbs.jpbs_1143_23 -
Contemporary Clinical Trials... Jun 2024Integrating music into pain treatment demonstrates significant benefits, effectively reducing subjective pain levels and perioperative opioid requirements. Currently,...
A multidisciplinary approach on music induced-analgesia differentiated by socio-cultural background in healthy volunteers (MOSART): A cross-over randomized controlled trial protocol.
BACKGROUND
Integrating music into pain treatment demonstrates significant benefits, effectively reducing subjective pain levels and perioperative opioid requirements. Currently, the relationship between the impact of specific types of music and listeners' socio-cultural background is still unclear. This is especially relevant given that sociological research indicates that these factors can have a notable influence on music preference and perception. Current evidence suggests that individuals who choose their own music may experience greater benefits. However, additional research is needed to comprehensively grasp whether the effect of (preferred) music on pain endurance remains consistent across different socio-cultural backgrounds.
METHODS
In this study, a collaborative effort between medical and sociological researchers aims to investigate music-induced analgesia differentiated by socio-cultural background in healthy volunteers. Participants (n = 84) will listen to self-, and researcher-chosen music and a podcast as a control condition in a cross-over study design. The primary outcome of this study is pain endurance measured by electric stimuli of increasing intensity. Detailed sociological validated questionnaires will be utilized. Considering the notable influence of educational level on music taste formation found in previous research and its crucial role as a source of socio-cultural differentiation, participants will be stratified based on their level of education.
DISCUSSION
This experimental study represents one of the first efforts to gain a socio-culturally differentiated understanding of the therapeutic potential of music. Consequently, this could pave the way to purposefully and inclusively implement personalized music in healthcare settings.
PubMed: 38881543
DOI: 10.1016/j.conctc.2024.101313 -
Journal of Bodywork and Movement... Jul 2024This study aimed to investigate the effect of sex on regional and widespread pain sensitivity following acute bouts of stretching and to investigate the acute effect of...
INTRODUCTION
This study aimed to investigate the effect of sex on regional and widespread pain sensitivity following acute bouts of stretching and to investigate the acute effect of stretching on regional and widespread pain sensitivity following stretching.
METHODS
73 healthy adults (36 females; mean age 25.6 ± 6.7 years) with an age range from 19 to 62 years were recruited for this experimental study. Regional and distant pain pressure pain thresholds, passive knee extension range of motion and passive resistive torque were measured before and 30 s after four bouts of 30-s static muscle stretching of the knee flexors with 20-s rest between bouts.
RESULTS
No significant sex differences were found for pressure pain thresholds (p > 0.132), range of motion (p = 0.446) or passive resistive torque (p = 0.559) between pre-stretch and post-stretch measures. There were significant increases in pressure pain thresholds (p = 0.010), range of motion (p = 0.001) and passive resistive torque (p = 0.007) between pre-stretch and post-stretch measures.
CONCLUSION
Muscle stretching significantly decreased regional and widespread pain sensitivity, indicating that central pain-modulating mechanisms are engaged during muscle stretching, resulting in stretch-induced hypoalgesia. Moreover, the results showed that the effect of stretching on regional and widespread pain sensitivity is not sex-specific.
Topics: Humans; Adult; Male; Female; Pain Threshold; Muscle Stretching Exercises; Range of Motion, Articular; Young Adult; Sex Factors; Middle Aged; Torque; Muscle, Skeletal; Knee Joint
PubMed: 38876646
DOI: 10.1016/j.jbmt.2024.02.003 -
Journal of Plastic, Reconstructive &... May 2024Total or subtotal glossectomy defects cause significant functional deficits in swallowing and speech and subsequently impair patients' quality of life (QOL). Recently,...
BACKGROUND
Total or subtotal glossectomy defects cause significant functional deficits in swallowing and speech and subsequently impair patients' quality of life (QOL). Recently, the profunda artery perforator (PAP) flap has emerged as a potential alternative for reconstructing extensive glossectomy defects. While previous studies assessing recovery of neurotized anterolateral thigh (ALT) flaps in head and neck reconstruction reported superior sensory recovery, improved swallow function, and improved overall patient satisfaction in patients with neurotized flaps vs. non-neurotized ALT flap reconstruction, PAP flap neurotization has not been described and systematically assessed in head and neck patients.
METHODS
Six patients underwent subtotal tongue reconstruction with neurotized PAP flaps at the authors' institution from May 2022 until August 2023. A branch of the posterior femoral cutaneous nerve of the PAP flap was coaptated to the lingual nerve. Two-point discrimination, Semmes-Weinstein monofilament, pain, and temperature assessments were conducted at 3, 6, and 12 months postoperatively on the neo-tongue. The MD Anderson speech and deglutition scales and the EORTC-QLQ-H&N35 were used to record functional outcomes and QOL.
RESULTS
The mean age was 69 ± 4 years, and the mean body mass index was 25 ± 7 kg/m. Neo-tongue median 2-point discrimination at the tip improved from >10 mm at 3 months to 6 mm at 12 months. All patients had protective pain and temperature perception at the neo-tongue tip at the 6-month follow-up. Speech and swallowing functions were similar at the 12-month follow-up to data on neurotized ALT flaps from literature. No neuropathic pain was reported at the donor site at the 6-month follow-up.
CONCLUSIONS
This is the first case series of PAP flap neurotization in head and neck patients, suggesting potential functional advantages with minimal donor-site morbidity.
LEVEL OF EVIDENCE
V Case Series.
PubMed: 38875869
DOI: 10.1016/j.bjps.2024.05.028 -
JMIR AI Feb 2024The use of artificial intelligence (AI) for pain assessment has the potential to address historical challenges in infant pain assessment. There is a dearth of...
BACKGROUND
The use of artificial intelligence (AI) for pain assessment has the potential to address historical challenges in infant pain assessment. There is a dearth of information on the perceived benefits and barriers to the implementation of AI for neonatal pain monitoring in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) from the perspective of health care professionals (HCPs) and parents. This qualitative analysis provides novel data obtained from 2 large tertiary care hospitals in Canada and the United Kingdom.
OBJECTIVE
The aim of the study is to explore the perspectives of HCPs and parents regarding the use of AI for pain assessment in the NICU.
METHODS
In total, 20 HCPs and 20 parents of preterm infants were recruited and consented to participate from February 2020 to October 2022 in interviews asking about AI use for pain assessment in the NICU, potential benefits of the technology, and potential barriers to use.
RESULTS
The 40 participants included 20 HCPs (17 women and 3 men) with an average of 19.4 (SD 10.69) years of experience in the NICU and 20 parents (mean age 34.4, SD 5.42 years) of preterm infants who were on average 43 (SD 30.34) days old. Six themes from the perspective of HCPs were identified: regular use of technology in the NICU, concerns with regard to AI integration, the potential to improve patient care, requirements for implementation, AI as a tool for pain assessment, and ethical considerations. Seven parent themes included the potential for improved care, increased parental distress, support for parents regarding AI, the impact on parent engagement, the importance of human care, requirements for integration, and the desire for choice in its use. A consistent theme was the importance of AI as a tool to inform clinical decision-making and not replace it.
CONCLUSIONS
HCPs and parents expressed generally positive sentiments about the potential use of AI for pain assessment in the NICU, with HCPs highlighting important ethical considerations. This study identifies critical methodological and ethical perspectives from key stakeholders that should be noted by any team considering the creation and implementation of AI for pain monitoring in the NICU.
PubMed: 38875686
DOI: 10.2196/51535 -
Health Expectations : An International... Jun 2024Although Jordan has made significant progress toward expanding the utilization of facility-based intrapartum care, prior research highlights that poor service quality is...
INTRODUCTION
Although Jordan has made significant progress toward expanding the utilization of facility-based intrapartum care, prior research highlights that poor service quality is still persistent. This study aimed to identify quality gaps between women's expectations and perceptions of the actual intrapartum care received, while exploring the contributing factors.
METHODS
Utilizing a pre-post design, quality gaps in intrapartum care were assessed among 959 women pre- and postchildbirth at a prominent tertiary hospital in northern Jordan. Data were gathered using the SERVQUAL scale, measuring service quality across reliability, responsiveness, tangibles, assurance, and empathy dimensions.
RESULTS
The overall mean gap score between women's expectations and perceptions of the quality of intrapartum care was -0.60 (±0.56). The lowest and highest mean gap scores were found to be related to tangibles and assurance dimensions, -0.24 (±0.39) and -0.88 (±0.35), respectively. Significant negative quality gaps were identified in the dimensions of assurance, empathy, and responsiveness, as well as overall service quality (p < 0.001). The MLR analyses highlighted education (β = 0.61), mode of birth (β = -0.60), admission timing (β = -0.41), continuity of midwifery care (β = -0.43), physician's gender (β = -0.62), active labour duration (β = 0.37), and pain management (β = -0.33) to be the key determinants of the overall quality gap in intrapartum care.
CONCLUSION
Our findings underscore the importance of fostering a labour environment that prioritizes enhancing caregivers' empathetic, reassuring, and responsive skills to minimize service quality gaps and enhance the overall childbirth experience for women in Jordan.
PATIENT OR PUBLIC CONTRIBUTION
This paper is a collaborative effort involving women with lived experiences of childbirth, midwives, and obstetrics and gynaecologist physicians. The original idea, conceptualization, data generation, and coproduction, including manuscript editing, were shaped by the valuable contributions of stakeholders with unique perspectives on intrapartum care in Jordan.
Topics: Humans; Female; Jordan; Adult; Quality of Health Care; Pregnancy; Patient Satisfaction; Surveys and Questionnaires; Young Adult; Empathy; Perception; Delivery, Obstetric; Perinatal Care
PubMed: 38872450
DOI: 10.1111/hex.14103 -
International Journal of... Apr 2024Chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) is a significant cancer treatment side effect that can influence both quality of life and treatment course. Melissa...
Chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) is a significant cancer treatment side effect that can influence both quality of life and treatment course. Melissa Officinalis (MO), due to its high content of flavonoids, has antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and neuroprotective properties. The cancer patients diagnosed with CIPN attended a referral center in Sari (Iran). The hydroalcoholic extract of MO leaves was extracted by the maceration method. The control group received a placebo along with gabapentin as the standard treatment, and the intervention group received 500 mg Melissa officinalis 2 times daily for 3 months plus gabapentin. Patients were evaluated at the baseline and 3 months later, according to Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Effects (CTCAE) and EORTC QLQ-C30 (Integrated System for Quality of Life Assessment). Results: A total of 40 patients were considered as group D (intervention group), and 35 patients completed the study. Out of 40 subjects in the placebo group (P), 3 patients could not tolerate the drug due to gastrointestinal disturbances. The final values of CTCAE showed a statistically significant difference (p=0.010). Indicators related to the quality of life in both groups showed a significant improvement. In the intervention group, the pain perception and diarrhea experience were significantly reduced. Conclusion: Quality of life indicators were improved by prescribing gabapentin with and without Melissa officinalis. The addition the chemotherapy regimen may improve diarrhea and pain perception.
PubMed: 38868804
DOI: 10.18502/ijhoscr.v18i2.15372 -
Health Expectations : An International... Feb 2024An integral aspect of patient engagement in research, also known as patient and public involvement, is appropriately recognising patient partners for their contributions... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
An integral aspect of patient engagement in research, also known as patient and public involvement, is appropriately recognising patient partners for their contributions through compensation (e.g., coauthorship, honoraria). Despite known benefits to compensating patient partners, our previous work suggested compensation is rarely reported and researchers perceive a lack of guidance on this issue. To address this gap, we identified and summarised available guidance and policy documents for patient partner compensation.
METHODS
We conducted this scoping review in accordance with methods suggested by the JBI. We searched the grey literature (Google, Google Scholar) in March 2022 and Overton (an international database of policy documents) in April 2022. We included articles, guidance or policy documents regarding the compensation of patient partners for their research contributions. Two reviewers independently extracted and synthesised document characteristics and recommendations.
RESULTS
We identified 65 guidance or policy documents. Most documents were published in Canada (57%, n = 37) or the United Kingdom (26%, n = 17). The most common recommended methods of nonfinancial compensation were offering training opportunities to patient partners (40%, n = 26) and facilitating patient partner attendance at conferences (38%, n = 25). The majority of guidance documents (95%) suggested financially compensating (i.e., offering something of monetary value) patient partners for their research contributions. Across guidance documents, the recommended monetary value of financial compensation was relatively consistent and associated with the role played by patient partners and/or specific engagement activities. For instance, the median monetary value for obtaining patient partner feedback (i.e., consultation) was $19/h (USD) (range of $12-$50/h). We identified several documents that guide the compensation of specific populations, including youth and Indigenous peoples.
CONCLUSION
Multiple publicly available resources exist to guide researchers, patient partners and institutions in developing tailored patient partner compensation strategies. Our findings challenge the perception that a lack of guidance hinders patient partner financial compensation. Future efforts should prioritise the effective implementation of these compensation strategies to ensure that patient partners are appropriately recognised.
PATIENT OR PUBLIC CONTRIBUTIONS
The patient partner coauthor informed protocol development, identified data items, and interpreted findings.
Topics: Humans; Patient Participation; Guidelines as Topic; Compensation and Redress
PubMed: 38865184
DOI: 10.1111/hex.13970