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Poultry Science Jul 2024Lipid metabolic capacity, feed utilization, and the diversity of gut microbiota are reduced in the late laying stage for laying hens. This experiment aimed to...
Lipid metabolic capacity, feed utilization, and the diversity of gut microbiota are reduced in the late laying stage for laying hens. This experiment aimed to investigate the effects of different levels of dietary metabolizable energy (ME) on hepatic lipid metabolism and cecal microbiota in late laying hens. The 216 Peking Pink laying hens (57-wk-old) were randomly assigned to experimental diets of 11.56 (HM = high ME), 11.14 (MM = medium ME), or 10.72 (LM = low ME) MJ of ME/kg, with each dietary treatment containing 6 replicates per group and 12 chickens per replicate. The HM group showed higher triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (T-CHO), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) concentrations in the liver compared with the LM group; second, the HM group showed higher TG concentration and the LM group showed lower T-CHO concentration compared with MM group; finally, the HM group showed a lower hepatic lipase (HL) activity compared with the MM and LM groups (P < 0.05). There was a significant difference in the microbial community structure of the cecum between the HM and MM groups (P < 0.05). The decrease of dietary ME level resulted in a gradual decrease relative abundance of Proteobacteria. At the genus level, beneficial bacteria were significantly enriched in the LM group compared to the MM group, including Faecalibacterium, Lactobacillus, and Bifidobacterium, (linear discriminant analysis [LDA] >2, P <0.05). In addition, at the species level, Lactobacillus crispatus, Parabacteroides gordonii, Blautia caecimuris, and Lactobacillus johnsonii were significantly enriched in the LM group (LDA>2, P < 0.05). The HM group had a higher abundance of Sutterella spp. compared to the LM group (LDA>2, P <0.05). In conclusion, this research suggests that the reduction in dietary energy level did not adversely affect glycolipid metabolism or low dietary ME (10.72 MJ/kg). The findings can be helpful for maintaining intestinal homeostasis and increasing benefit for gut microbiota in late laying hens.
Topics: Animals; Chickens; Gastrointestinal Microbiome; Cecum; Diet; Female; Animal Feed; Lipid Metabolism; Liver; Energy Metabolism; Random Allocation; Animal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Energy Intake
PubMed: 38796988
DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2024.103855 -
International Journal of Molecular... May 2024Gut microbiota imbalances have a significant role in the pathogenesis of Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) and Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD). Herein, we...
Gut microbiota imbalances have a significant role in the pathogenesis of Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) and Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD). Herein, we compared gut microbial composition in patients diagnosed with either IBD or NAFLD or a combination of both. Seventy-four participants were stratified into four groups: IBD-NAFLD, IBD-only, NAFLD-only patients, and healthy controls (CTRLs). The 16S rRNA was sequenced by Next-Generation Sequencing. Bioinformatics and statistical analysis were performed. Bacterial α-diversity showed a significant lower value when the IBD-only group was compared to the other groups and particularly against the IBD-NAFLD group. β-diversity also showed a significant difference among groups. The higher Bacteroidetes/Firmicutes ratio was found only when comparing IBD groups and CTRLs. Comparing the IBD-only group with the IBD-NAFLD group, a decrease in differential abundance of Subdoligranulum, Parabacteroides, and Fusicatenibacter was found. Comparing the NAFLD-only with the IBD-NAFLD groups, there was a higher abundance of Alistipes, Odoribacter, Sutterella, and Lachnospira. An inverse relationship in the comparison between the IBD-only group and the other groups was shown. For the first time, the singularity of the gut microbial composition in IBD and NAFLD patients has been shown, implying a potential microbial signature mainly influenced by gut inflammation.
Topics: Humans; Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease; Gastrointestinal Microbiome; Inflammatory Bowel Diseases; Female; Male; Middle Aged; Adult; Metagenomics; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Bacteria; Metagenome
PubMed: 38791490
DOI: 10.3390/ijms25105453 -
Scientific Reports May 2024This study aimed to explore the gut microbiota characteristics of ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke patients. A case-control study was conducted, and high-throughput...
This study aimed to explore the gut microbiota characteristics of ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke patients. A case-control study was conducted, and high-throughput sequencing of the V4-V5 region of 16S rRNA was used to analyze the differences in gut microbiota. The results showed that Proteobacteria was significantly increased in the ischemic stroke group compared with the healthy control group, while Fusobacteria was significantly increased in the hemorrhagic stroke group. In the ischemic stroke group, Butyricimonas, Alloprevotella, and Escherichia were significantly more abundant than in the healthy control group. In the hemorrhagic stroke group, Atopobium, Hungatella, Eisenbergiella, Butyricimonas, Odonbacter, Lachnociostridium, Alistipes, Parabacteroides, and Fusobacterium were significantly more abundant than in the healthy control group. Additionally, Alloprevotella, Ruminococcus, and Prevotella were significantly more abundant in the ischemic stroke group than in the hemorrhagic stroke group. The gut microbiota of ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke patients has significant diversity characteristics. These results provide new theoretical basis for exploring the prevention and treatment of different types of stroke through gut microbiota research.
Topics: Gastrointestinal Microbiome; Humans; Ischemic Stroke; Male; Hemorrhagic Stroke; Female; Case-Control Studies; Middle Aged; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Aged; Bacteria; High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing
PubMed: 38782999
DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-62606-x -
International Journal of Ophthalmology 2024To explore the correlation of gut microbiota and the metabolites with the progression of diabetic retinopathy (DR) and provide a novel strategy to elucidate the...
AIM
To explore the correlation of gut microbiota and the metabolites with the progression of diabetic retinopathy (DR) and provide a novel strategy to elucidate the pathological mechanism of DR.
METHODS
The fecal samples from 32 type 2 diabetes patients with proliferative retinopathy (PDR), 23 with non-proliferative retinopathy (NPDR), 27 without retinopathy (DM), and 29 from the sex-, age- and BMI- matched healthy controls (29 HC) were analyzed by 16S rDNA gene sequencing. Sixty fecal samples from PDR, DM, and HC groups were assayed by untargeted metabolomics. Fecal metabolites were measured using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) analysis. Associations between gut microbiota and fecal metabolites were analyzed.
RESULTS
A cluster of 2 microbiome and 12 metabolites accompanied with the severity of DR, and the close correlation of the disease progression with PDR-related microbiome and metabolites were found. To be specific, the structure of gut microbiota differed in four groups. Diversity and richness of gut microbiota were significantly lower in PDR and NPDR groups, than those in DM and HC groups. A cluster of microbiome enriched in PDR group, including , , , , was observed. Functional analysis showed that the glucose and nicotinate degradations were significantly higher in PDR group than those in HC group. Arginine, serine, ornithine, and arachidonic acid were significantly enriched in PDR group, while proline was enriched in HC group. Functional analysis illustrated that arginine biosynthesis, lysine degradation, histidine catabolism, central carbon catabolism in cancer, D-arginine and D-ornithine catabolism were elevated in PDR group. Correlation analysis revealed that and were positively associated with L-arginine, ornithine levels in fecal samples.
CONCLUSION
This study elaborates the different microbiota structure in the gut from four groups. The relative abundance of and are associated with the severity of DR. Amino acid and fatty acid catabolism is especially disordered in PDR group. This may help provide a novel diagnostic parameter for DR, especially PDR.
PubMed: 38766339
DOI: 10.18240/ijo.2024.05.13 -
Frontiers in Microbiology 2024Increasing evidence indicates that gut microbiota dysbiosis is related to synovitis and tenosynovitis. Nonetheless, whether these associations are causal is currently...
BACKGROUND
Increasing evidence indicates that gut microbiota dysbiosis is related to synovitis and tenosynovitis. Nonetheless, whether these associations are causal is currently unknown.
OBJECTIVES
A two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) study was performed to reveal the causality of gut microbiota with synovitis and tenosynovitis.
METHODS
The summary statistical data from a large-scale genome-wide association study (GWAS) were applied as the basis for a two-sample MR analysis. The causal effect was estimated using inverse variance weighted (IVW), weighted median, simple mode, MR-Egger, and weighted mode methods, of which IVW was the important method. Meanwhile, the pleiotropy and heterogeneity were detected and measured using MR-Egger regression, Cochran's Q statistics, funnel plots, and MR pleiotropy residual sum and outlier (MR-PRESSO) methods.
RESULTS
The IVW technique demonstrated that genetically predicted five genera, namely [odds ratio (OR) = 0.999, 95% confidence interval (CI): (0.9977, 0.9998), = 0.019], [OR = 0.999, 95% CI: (0.9971, 0.9999), = 0.036], [OR = 0.998, 95% CI: (0.9954, 0.9999), = 0.041], [OR = 0.997, 95% CI: (0.9955, 0.9994), = 0.011], and [OR = 0.997, 95% CI: (0.9954, 0.9992), = 0.006] were negatively correlated with the risk of synovitis and tenosynovitis, while two other genera, namely [OR = 1.003, 95% CI: (1.0004, 1.0049), = 0.019] and [OR = 1.003, 95% CI: (1.0002, 1.0052), = 0.035] were positively associated with synovitis and tenosynovitis risk. In addition, the data of sensitivity analyses demonstrated that there were no outliers, horizontal pleiotropy, or heterogeneity in the causal relationship of the above-mentioned gut microbiota on synovitis and tenosynovitis ( > 0.05).
CONCLUSION
The results of the study suggested that the gut microbiota was causally involved in synovitis and tenosynovitis and identified specific bacterial taxa that affect synovitis and tenosynovitis, which provide new insights into the pathogenesis underlying the development of synovitis and tenosynovitis mediated by gut microbiota.
PubMed: 38746746
DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1355725 -
Poultry Science Jul 2024Sexual dimorphism in poultry, especially in Muscovy ducks, is a proven phenomenon characterized by significant differences in body weight, growth patterns, and gene...
Sexual dimorphism in poultry, especially in Muscovy ducks, is a proven phenomenon characterized by significant differences in body weight, growth patterns, and gene expression between male and female individuals. However, there is a dearth of research on the candidate genes and mechanisms underlying these weight differences. We selected 301 Muscovy ducks and recorded their weekly body weights from birth. We utilized 3 non-linear growth models (Logistic, Bertalanffy, and Gompertz) to fit the growth curve of Muscovy ducks, it was found that the logistic model was the most suitable model for describing the growth curve of Muscovy ducks. The results from the logistic model showed that the inflection point of male Muscovy ducks occurred at a later age, and they had a heavier mature body weight than female Muscovy ducks. At 10 wk of age, we collected Muscovy duck breast muscle tissues for transcriptome sequencing (RNA-seq). To exclude the impact of weight difference, 185 differentially expressed genes (DEGs), such as PPAR, FABP3, PLIN1, and FOXO1, were screened. These DEGs were predominantly enriched in terms related to mitochondria, lipids, and nucleic acids. In addition, the gut microbiota has the ability to influence host physiology through the regulation of multiple processes, including playing a crucial role in host muscle growth and development. We randomly selected male and female Muscovy ducks for 16S rRNA sequencing analysis of their cecal microbiota. The results showed that there were significant differences in the composition of cecal microbiota between male and female Muscovy ducks. At the genus level, the relative abundance of Enterenecus and CAG_269 were lower in males compared to females, while Lawsonibacter, Parabacteroides_B, Streptococcus, UBA2658, Caccousia, and Butyricimonas were higher in males than in females. In summary, this study provides a scientific theoretical basis for revealing the different growth patterns of male and female Muscovy ducks, and offers explanations from both the molecular level and microbiological perspectives.
Topics: Animals; Ducks; Male; Female; Body Weight; Sex Characteristics; Transcriptome; Sex Factors; Gastrointestinal Microbiome; Multiomics
PubMed: 38743967
DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2024.103787 -
Cell Genomics Jun 2024The gut microbiome displays genetic differences among populations, and characterization of the genomic landscape of the gut microbiome in China remains limited. Here, we...
The gut microbiome displays genetic differences among populations, and characterization of the genomic landscape of the gut microbiome in China remains limited. Here, we present the Chinese Gut Microbial Reference (CGMR) set, comprising 101,060 high-quality metagenomic assembled genomes (MAGs) of 3,707 nonredundant species from 3,234 fecal samples across primarily rural Chinese locations, 1,376 live isolates mainly from lactic acid bacteria, and 987 novel species relative to worldwide databases. We observed region-specific coexisting MAGs and MAGs with probiotic and cardiometabolic functionalities. Preliminary mouse experiments suggest a probiotic effect of two Faecalibacillus intestinalis isolates in alleviating constipation, cardiometabolic influences of three Bacteroides fragilis_A isolates in obesity, and isolates from the genera Parabacteroides and Lactobacillus in host lipid metabolism. Our study expands the current microbial genomes with paired isolates and demonstrates potential host effects, contributing to the mechanistic understanding of host-microbe interactions.
Topics: Probiotics; Gastrointestinal Microbiome; China; Animals; Humans; Mice; Male; Female; Genome, Bacterial; Genome, Microbial; Feces; Obesity; Adult; Mice, Inbred C57BL
PubMed: 38740021
DOI: 10.1016/j.xgen.2024.100559 -
Animals : An Open Access Journal From... Apr 2024This study investigated the efficacy of a composite probiotics composed of , , and in alleviating oxidative stress in weaned piglets and pregnant sows. Evaluations of...
This study investigated the efficacy of a composite probiotics composed of , , and in alleviating oxidative stress in weaned piglets and pregnant sows. Evaluations of growth, oxidative stress, inflammation, intestinal barrier, and fecal microbiota were conducted. Results showed that the composite probiotic significantly promoted average daily gain in piglets ( < 0.05). It effectively attenuated inflammatory responses ( < 0.05) and oxidative stress ( < 0.05) while enhancing intestinal barrier function in piglets ( < 0.01). Fecal microbiota analysis revealed an increase in the abundance of beneficial bacteria such as , , , , and in piglet feces and , , , and in sow feces, with a decrease in harmful bacteria such as and in sow feces upon probiotic supplementation. Correlation analysis indicated significant negative associations of with inflammation and oxidative stress in piglet feces, while and showed significant positive associations. In sow feces, , , , and exhibited significant negative associations, while showed a significant positive association. Therefore, the composite probiotic alleviated oxidative stress in weaned piglets and pregnant sows by modulating fecal microbiota composition.
PubMed: 38731362
DOI: 10.3390/ani14091359 -
Cancers Apr 2024The combination of atezolizumab and bevacizumab has become the first-line treatment for patients with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, no studies...
The combination of atezolizumab and bevacizumab has become the first-line treatment for patients with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, no studies have reported on specific intestinal microbiota associated with the efficacy of atezolizumab and bevacizumab. In this study, we analyzed fecal samples collected before treatment to investigate the relationship between the intestinal microbiome and the efficacy of atezolizumab and bevacizumab. A total of 37 patients with advanced HCC who were treated with atezolizumab and bevacizumab were enrolled. Fecal samples were collected from the patients, and they were divided into responder ( = 28) and non-responder ( = 9) groups. We compared the intestinal microbiota of the two groups and analyzed the intestinal bacteria associated with prognosis using QIIME2. The alpha and beta diversities were not significantly different between both groups, and the proportion of microbiota was similar. The relative abundance of and was higher in the responder group than in the non-responder group. When the prognosis was analyzed by the presence or absence of those bacteria, patients without both had a significantly poorer prognosis. Differences in intestinal microbiome are involved in the therapeutic effect of atezolizumab and bevacizumab.
PubMed: 38730627
DOI: 10.3390/cancers16091675 -
The diversity of the microbiome impacts chronic lymphocytic leukemia development in mice and humans.Haematologica May 2024The gut microbiota play a critical role in maintaining a healthy human body and their dysregulation is associated with various diseases. In this study, we investigated...
The gut microbiota play a critical role in maintaining a healthy human body and their dysregulation is associated with various diseases. In this study, we investigated the influence of the gut microbiome diversity on chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) development. Stool sample analysis of 59 CLL patients revealed individual and heterogeneous microbiome compositions, but allowed for grouping of patients according to their microbiome diversity. Interestingly, CLL patients with a lower microbiome diversity and an enrichment of bacteria linked to poor health suffered from a more advanced or aggressive form of CLL. In the Eμ-TCL1 mouse model of CLL, we observed a faster course of disease when mice were housed in high hygiene conditions. Shotgun DNA sequencing of fecal samples showed that this was associated with a lower microbiome diversity which was dominated by Mucispirillum and Parabacteroides genera in comparison to mice kept under lower hygiene conditions. In conclusion, we applied taxonomic microbiome analyses to demonstrate a link between the gut microbiome diversity and the clinical course of CLL in humans, as well as the development of CLL in mice. Our novel data serve as a basis for further investigations to decipher the pathological and mechanistic role of intestinal microbiota in CLL development.
PubMed: 38721725
DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2023.284693