-
Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience 2024
PubMed: 38532984
DOI: 10.3389/fnbeh.2024.1389613 -
Annals of Family Medicine 2024Although a large proportion of males in the United States become sexually active during high school, condom use is decreasing and contributing to negative sexual health...
PURPOSE
Although a large proportion of males in the United States become sexually active during high school, condom use is decreasing and contributing to negative sexual health outcomes. Fathers are influential in promoting adolescent male sexual health; however, factors that shape fathers' decisions about when to discuss condom use with their sons remain understudied. We examined paternal perceptions of adolescent males' readiness for sex relative to fathers providing guidance for condom use in Latino and Black families.
METHODS
We recruited 191 Latino and Black males aged 15-19 years and their fathers in the South Bronx, New York City. Dyads completed surveys, and a subset of fathers participated in audio-recorded sessions with a father coach, which included conversations about adolescent male condom use. A sequential explanatory mixed methods design identified adolescent male developmental predictors for paternal guidance for condom use and explored how fathers perceive their sons' readiness for sex.
RESULTS
The quantitative findings indicate that paternal perception of their sons' readiness for sex is an important predictor of providing guidance for condom use, and that fathers consider other factors (beyond age and perceived sexual activity) in understanding their sons' developmental readiness for sex. The qualitative findings provide insights into these additional factors, which should be considered when engaging fathers in primary care around issues of adolescent male condom use.
CONCLUSIONS
Fathers' perception of their sons' readiness for sex is a predictor of providing condom guidance. We provide practical suggestions for engaging fathers in primary care to promote correct and consistent condom use by adolescent males.
Topics: Adolescent; Humans; Male; Black or African American; Condoms; Father-Child Relations; Fathers; Hispanic or Latino; Nuclear Family; Sexual Behavior; United States; Young Adult; New York City
PubMed: 38527821
DOI: 10.1370/afm.3077 -
PloS One 2024Arachidonic acid (AA) is involved in inflammation and plays a role in growth and brain development in infants. We previously showed that exposure of mouse sires to AA...
Arachidonic acid (AA) is involved in inflammation and plays a role in growth and brain development in infants. We previously showed that exposure of mouse sires to AA for three consecutive generations induces a cumulative change in fatty acid (FA) involved in inflammation and an increase in body and liver weight in the offspring. Here, we tested the hypothesis that paternal AA exposure changes the progeny's behavioral response to a proinflammatory insult, and asked whether tissue-specific FA are associated with that response. Male BALB/c mice were supplemented daily with three doses of AA for 10 days and crossed to non-supplemented females (n = 3/dose). Two-month-old unsupplemented male and female offspring (n = 6/paternal AA dose) were exposed to Gram-negative bacteria-derived lipopolysaccharides (LPS) or saline control two hours prior to open field test (OFT) behavioral analysis and subsequent sacrifice. We probed for significant effects of paternal AA exposure on: OFT behaviors; individual FA content of blood, hypothalamus and hypothalamus-free brain; hypothalamic expression profile of genes related to inflammation (Tnfa, Il1b, Cox1, Cox2) and FA synthesis (Scd1, Elovl6). All parameters were affected by paternal AA supplementation in a sex-specific manner. Paternal AA primed the progeny for behavior associated with increased anxiety, with a marked sex dimorphism: high AA doses acted as surrogate of LPS in males, realigning a number of OFT behaviors that in females were differential between saline and LPS groups. Progeny hypothalamic Scd1, a FA metabolism enzyme with documented pro-inflammatory activity, showed a similar pattern of differential expression between saline and LPS groups at high paternal AA dose in females, that was blunted in males. Progeny FA generally were not affected by LPS, but displayed non-linear associations with paternal AA doses. In conclusion, we document that paternal exposure to AA exerts long-term behavioral and biochemical effects in the progeny in a sex-specific manner.
Topics: Humans; Mice; Male; Female; Animals; Infant; Arachidonic Acid; Lipopolysaccharides; Hypothalamus; Inflammation; Dietary Supplements
PubMed: 38512839
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0300141 -
Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and... Mar 2024To explore the characteristics and risk factors for health-related risky behaviours (HRRBs) in adolescents with depression.
BACKGOUND
To explore the characteristics and risk factors for health-related risky behaviours (HRRBs) in adolescents with depression.
METHODS
A total of 136 adolescents aged 12-18 years who met the diagnostic criteria for depression, and 272 healthy controls. All the subjects were assessed with the Adolescent Health-Related Risky Behavior Inventory (AHRBI), and the AHRBI scores of the two groups were compared with the Mann-Whitney U test. The depression group was assessed with the Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS), Self-Rating Depression Scale (SDS), Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ), Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (CERQ), Egna Minnen av Barndoms Uppfostran (EMBU), and Family Adaptability and Cohesion Scale (FACES II-CV). Spearman correlation analysis and multiple linear regression were used to explore the risk factors for HRRBs in adolescents with depression.
RESULTS
The AHRBI total score and five-factor scores of self-injury and suicide (SS), aggression and violence (AV), rule-breaking (RB), smoking and drinking (SD), and health-compromising behavior (HCB) in the depression group were higher than those in the control group. The severity of anxiety, catastrophizing, cognitive emotional regulation strategy (self-blame and blaming of others), the frequency of depression, physical neglect, and sexual abuse all increased the risk of HRRBs in adolescents with depression, and paternal emotional warmth and understanding had protective effects.
CONCLUSION
First, depressed adolescents exhibited significantly more HRRBs than healthy adolescents. Second, there are many risk factors for HRRBs in adolescents with depression, and the risk factors for different types of HRRBs are also different.
PubMed: 38500185
DOI: 10.1186/s13034-024-00722-2 -
BMC Public Health Mar 2024Although previous studies have found that parenting style significantly predicts emotional and behavioral problems (EBPs) among Chinese adolescents, the mechanism...
BACKGROUND
Although previous studies have found that parenting style significantly predicts emotional and behavioral problems (EBPs) among Chinese adolescents, the mechanism between different parenting styles and EBPs requires in-depth investigation. In our study, we aimed to investigate the mediating effect of resilience, a positive psychological characteristic, between parenting style and EBPs among Chinese adolescents.
METHODS
In this cross-sectional study, we used a multistage stratified cluster random sampling method to collect data in Shenyang, Liaoning Province from November to December 2019. Self-developed questionnaires were distributed to 1028 adolescents aged 10-18. Finally, the study consisted of 895 participants. The bootstrap method was used to investigate the role of resilience as a mediator in the relationship between different parenting styles and EBPs from a positive psychology perspective.
RESULTS
The mean score of EBPs was 12.71 (SD = 5.77). After controlling for variables such as gender, age, left-behind children, family type and family income, resilience partially played a mediating role in the associations of paternal rejection (a × b = 0.051 BCa95%CI:0.023,0.080), maternal rejection (a × b = 0.055 BCa95%CI: 0.024, 0.086), paternal emotional warmth (a × b = -0.139 BCa95%CI: -0.182, -0.099) and maternal emotional warmth (a × b = -0.140 BCa95%CI: -0.182, -0.102), with EBPs. The effect sizes were11.28%, 11.51%, 40.76%, and 38.78%, respectively.
CONCLUSIONS
Resilience could partially mediate the relationship between parenting style and EBPs, highlighting that parents should adopt a positive parenting style and that resilience improvement could be effective in reducing EBPs among Chinese adolescents.
Topics: Male; Child; Humans; Adolescent; Parenting; Resilience, Psychological; Problem Behavior; Cross-Sectional Studies; China
PubMed: 38481184
DOI: 10.1186/s12889-024-18167-9 -
Frontiers in Insect Science 2023Africanized colonies with promising characteristics for beekeeping have been detected in northern Argentina (subtropical climate) and are considered of interest for...
Africanized colonies with promising characteristics for beekeeping have been detected in northern Argentina (subtropical climate) and are considered of interest for breeding programs. Integral evaluation of this feral material revealed high colony strength and resistance/tolerance to brood diseases. However, these Africanized honeybees (AHB) also showed variable negative behavioral traits for beekeeping, such as defensiveness, tendency to swarm and avoidance behavior. We developed a protocol for the selection of AHB stocks based on defensive behavior and characterized contrasting colonies for this trait using NGS technologies. For this purpose, population and behavioral parameters were surveyed throughout a beekeeping season in nine daughter colonies obtained from a mother colony (A1 mitochondrial haplotype) with valuable characteristics (tolerance to the mite , high colony strength and low defensiveness). A Defensive Behavior Index was developed and tested in the colonies under study. Mother and two daughter colonies displaying contrasting defensive behavior were analyzed by ddRADseq. High-quality DNA samples were obtained from 16 workers of each colony. Six pooled samples, including two replicates of each of the three colonies, were processed. A total of 12,971 SNPs were detected against the reference genome of , 142 of which showed significant differences between colonies. We detected SNPs in coding regions, lncRNA, miRNA, rRNA, tRNA, among others. From the original data set, we also identified 647 SNPs located in protein-coding regions, 128 of which are related to 21 genes previously associated with defensive behavior, such as and , and , and , and members of the 5-HT family. We discuss the obtained results by considering the influence of polyandry and paternal lineages on the defensive behavior in AHB and provide baseline information to use this innovative molecular approach, ddRADseq, to assist in the selection and evaluation of honey bee stocks showing low defensive behavior for commercial uses.
PubMed: 38469487
DOI: 10.3389/finsc.2023.1175760 -
World Journal of Clinical Cases Feb 2024Parental behaviors are key in shaping children's psychological and behavioral development, crucial for early identification and prevention of mental health issues,...
BACKGROUND
Parental behaviors are key in shaping children's psychological and behavioral development, crucial for early identification and prevention of mental health issues, reducing psychological trauma in childhood.
AIM
To investigate the relationship between parenting behaviors and behavioral and emotional issues in preschool children.
METHODS
From October 2017 to May 2018, 7 kindergartens in Ma'anshan City were selected to conduct a parent self-filled questionnaire - Health Development Survey of Preschool Children. Children's Strength and Difficulties Questionnaire (Parent Version) was applied to measures the children's behavioral and emotional performance. Parenting behavior was evaluated using the Parental Behavior Inventory. Binomial logistic regression model was used to analyze the association between the detection rate of preschool children's behavior and emotional problems and their parenting behaviors.
RESULTS
High level of parental support/participation was negatively correlated with conduct problems, abnormal hyperactivity, abnormal total difficulty scores and abnormal prosocial behavior problems. High level of maternal support/participation was negatively correlated with abnormal emotional symptoms and abnormal peer interaction in children. High level of parental hostility/coercion was positively correlated with abnormal emotional symptoms, abnormal conduct problems, abnormal hyperactivity, abnormal peer interaction, and abnormal total difficulty scores in children (all < 0.05). Moreover, paternal parenting behaviors had similarly effects on behavior and emotional problems of preschool children compared with maternal parenting behaviors (all > 0.05), after calculating ratio of odds ratio values.
CONCLUSION
Our study found that parenting behaviors are associated with behavioral and emotional issues in preschool children. Overall, the more supportive or involved the parents are, the fewer behavioral and emotional problems the children experience; conversely, the more hostile or controlling the parents are, the more behavioral and emotional problems the children face. Moreover, the impact of fathers' parenting behaviors on preschool children's behavior and emotions is no less significant than that of mothers' parenting behaviors.
PubMed: 38464916
DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v12.i6.1084 -
Indian Pediatrics Mar 2024To estimate the proportion of healthy under-fives whose physical activity, sedentary behavior, sleep and screen time adhered to WHO 2019 recommendations and to identify...
OBJECTIVE
To estimate the proportion of healthy under-fives whose physical activity, sedentary behavior, sleep and screen time adhered to WHO 2019 recommendations and to identify risk factors for non-adherence.
METHODS
A cross-sectional study was conducted among 480 healthy children (6 mo - 4 years) who attended 20 selected urban anganwadis or immunization clinics in South Kerala, India. Sociodemographic, anthropometric and outcome variables (duration of physical activity, sedentary behavior, sleep and screen time) were collected for all participants.
RESULTS
Physical activity, sedentary behavior, sleep and screen time recommendations were adhered by 63.3%, 22.7%, 82.2% and 22.7% under-five children, respectively. Risk factors for inadequate physical activity were female sex, nuclear family, maternal education below college level, unskilled maternal occupation/housewife, unskilled paternal occupation and low monthly income. Risk factors for non-adherence to recommended sedentary behavior duration included joint family, paternal education college level/above, unskilled maternal occupation/housewife, unskilled paternal occupation and low monthly income.
CONCLUSION
Under-fives should reduce sedentary behaviors and screen time and spend more time on physical activities.
Topics: Child; Humans; Female; Male; Sedentary Behavior; Screen Time; Cross-Sectional Studies; Exercise; Sleep; Immunization
PubMed: 38419276
DOI: No ID Found -
Brain, Behavior, and Immunity May 2024Maternal history of inflammatory conditions has been linked to offspring developmental and behavioural outcomes. This phenomenon may be explained by the maternal immune...
OBJECTIVE
Maternal history of inflammatory conditions has been linked to offspring developmental and behavioural outcomes. This phenomenon may be explained by the maternal immune activation (MIA) hypothesis, which posits that dysregulation of the gestational immune environment affects foetal neurodevelopment. The timing of inflammation is critical. We aimed to understand maternal asthma symptoms during pregnancy, in contrast with paternal asthma symptoms during the same period, on child behaviour problems and executive function in a population-based cohort.
METHODS
Data were obtained from 844 families from the Growing Up in Singapore Towards healthy Outcomes (GUSTO) birth cohort. Parent asthma symptoms during the prenatal period were reported. Asthma symptoms in children were reported longitudinally from two to five years old, while behavioural problems and executive functioning were obtained at seven years old. Parent and child measures were compared between mothers with and without prenatal asthma symptoms. Generalized linear and Bayesian phenomics models were used to determine the relation between parent or child asthma symptoms and child outcomes.
RESULTS
Children of mothers with prenatal asthma symptoms had greater behavioural and executive problems than controls (Cohen's d: 0.43-0.75; all p < 0.05). This association remained after adjustments for emerging asthma symptoms during the preschool years and fathers' asthma symptoms during the prenatal period. After adjusting for dependence between child outcomes, the Bayesian phenomics model showed that maternal prenatal asthma symptoms were associated with child internalising symptoms and higher-order executive function, while child asthma symptoms were associated with executive function skills. Paternal asthma symptoms during the prenatal period were not associated with child outcomes.
CONCLUSIONS
Associations between child outcomes and maternal but not paternal asthma symptoms during the prenatal period suggests a role for MIA. These findings need to be validated in larger samples, and further research may identify behavioural and cognitive profiles of children with exposure to MIA.
Topics: Child; Male; Child, Preschool; Female; Pregnancy; Humans; Executive Function; Bayes Theorem; Phenomics; Mothers; Asthma; Child Behavior; Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects
PubMed: 38412907
DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2024.02.028 -
Translational Psychiatry Feb 2024It has been previously established that paternal development of a strong incentive motivation for cocaine can predispose offspring to develop high cocaine-seeking...
It has been previously established that paternal development of a strong incentive motivation for cocaine can predispose offspring to develop high cocaine-seeking behavior, as opposed to sole exposure to the drug that results in drug resistance in offspring. However, the adaptive changes of the reward circuitry have not been fully elucidated. To infer the key nuclei and possible hub genes that determine susceptibility to addiction in offspring, rats were randomly assigned to three groups, cocaine self-administration (CSA), yoked administration (Yoke), and saline self-administration (SSA), and used to generate F1. We conducted a comprehensive transcriptomic analysis of the male F1 offspring across seven relevant brain regions, both under drug-naïve conditions and after cocaine self-administration. Pairwise differentially expressed gene analysis revealed that the orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) exhibited more pronounced transcriptomic changes in response to cocaine exposure, while the dorsal hippocampus (dHip), dorsal striatum (dStr), and ventral tegmental area (VTA) exhibited changes that were more closely associated with the paternal voluntary cocaine-seeking behavior. Consistently, these nuclei showed decreased dopamine levels, elevated neuronal activation, and elevated between-nuclei correlations, indicating dopamine-centered rewiring of the midbrain circuit in the CSA offspring. To determine if possible regulatory cascades exist that drive the expression changes, we constructed co-expression networks induced by paternal drug addiction and identified three key clusters, primarily driven by transcriptional factors such as MYT1L, POU3F4, and NEUROD6, leading to changes of genes regulating axonogenesis, synapse organization, and membrane potential, respectively. Collectively, our data highlight vulnerable neurocircuitry and novel regulatory candidates with therapeutic potential for disrupting the transgenerational inheritance of vulnerability to cocaine addiction.
Topics: Rats; Male; Animals; Dopamine; Cocaine; Cocaine-Related Disorders; Reward; Gene Expression Profiling; Self Administration
PubMed: 38409093
DOI: 10.1038/s41398-024-02839-6