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Surgery Jun 2017
Topics: Aged; Colorectal Neoplasms; Early Detection of Cancer; Follow-Up Studies; Hemangioma, Cavernous; Hepatectomy; Humans; Incidental Findings; Laparoscopy; Liver Neoplasms; Male; Neoplasm Invasiveness; Neoplasm Staging; Preoperative Care; Risk Assessment; Tomography, X-Ray Computed; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 27072991
DOI: 10.1016/j.surg.2016.02.036 -
Veterinary World Jul 2015The present study was aimed to investigate the relationship of udder shape, teat-end shape, teat length, and teat diameter with intra-mammary infection in Jersey...
AIM
The present study was aimed to investigate the relationship of udder shape, teat-end shape, teat length, and teat diameter with intra-mammary infection in Jersey crossbred cows under hot-humid climate.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
A total of 24 lactating Jersey crossbred cows were evaluated for udder shape (pendulous/regular) and teat-end shape (flat/inverted/pointed) by visual examination, while teat length and teat diameter were measured using vernier caliper. Monthly milk sampling was done for 4 months of duration. Few quarters were found as blind or non-functional and so, a total of 366 quarter wise milk samples were collected at the monthly interval and subjected to somatic cell count (SCC) microscopically. The data on SCC were transformed into log scale and analyzed.
RESULTS
There was a significant (p<0.01) effect of udder shape and teat-end shape on SCC level. The mean SCC level for pendulous udder was significantly (p<0.05) higher as compared to the regular shaped udder. Similarly, significantly (p<0.05) a higher level of mean SCC was found in flat teat-end shape. A significant (p<0.01) correlation was found between SCC and teat length as well as teat diameter.
CONCLUSION
In conclusion, pendulous udder, flat and inverted teat-end, very long and thick teat were more susceptible to intra-mammary infection in Jersey crossbred cows and these traits must be considered accordingly while selecting dairy animals for future milk production.
PubMed: 27047172
DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2015.898-901 -
Poultry Science May 2016The impact of graded levels of day-length on the productivity of hens and toms was studied in two trials. Daylength treatments (trts) were 14 (14L), 17 (17L), 20 (20L),...
The impact of graded levels of day-length on the productivity of hens and toms was studied in two trials. Daylength treatments (trts) were 14 (14L), 17 (17L), 20 (20L), and 23 (23L) h and were started at 10 d of age. Turkeys (720 hens and 480 toms) were randomly allocated to 8 rooms (2 rooms per lighting trt) with six pens (3 hen--30 per pen and 3 tom--20 per pen) per room in each trial. Body weight (BW) was assessed at 0, 10, 21, 42, 63, 84, and 126 d of age; feed consumption (FC) was measured for the time periods between body weight determinations and feed efficiency (G:F; g of gain/g of feed) was calculated from BW and FC values. Birds were checked daily for mortality and culls, and affected birds were sent for necropsy. Data were analyzed according to a completely randomized block design with trial as the block and rooms nested within lighting trts. Regression analysis was used to study the relationship between dependent variables and daylength. Significance was declared at P≤ 0.05 and trends at P≤ 0.10. At both 21 and 42 d, body weight increased linearly with increasing daylength. At 84 d weights of toms decreased in a quadratic fashion and hen weights were unaffected. At 126 d, both tom and hen weights decreased linearly as daylength increased, with the magnitude of response gender dependent. Feed consumption corresponded with body weight changes, increasing for d 10 to 21, and 21 to 42 and decreasing for d 63 to 84, 84 to 105, and 105 to 126 with increasing daylength. Feed efficiency (G:F) was not affected by daylength for 10 to 84, 10 to 105 and 10 to 126 d periods. The incidence of mortality and culling was not affected by daylength for the 10 to 84 d period, but increased in a quadratic manner with increasing daylength for the 10 to 105 and 10 to 126 d periods. To conclude, daylength affects the growth and feed intake of turkeys in an age and gender-specific manner, and mortality and culling increase with longer daylength.
Topics: Aging; Animal Feed; Animals; Eating; Female; Male; Photoperiod; Turkeys
PubMed: 26976908
DOI: 10.3382/ps/pew060 -
Journal of Experimental & Clinical... Oct 2015In women with macromastia, a type IV skin sparing mastectomy is often required to achieve an aesthetically pleasing reconstruction. The introduction of "skin-reducing...
INTRODUCTION
In women with macromastia, a type IV skin sparing mastectomy is often required to achieve an aesthetically pleasing reconstruction. The introduction of "skin-reducing mastectomy", which inserts a permanent prosthetic device into a large pouch made by the pectoralis major muscle and an inferior pedicle dermal flap, allows the surgeon to achieve a safe oncologic result plus a cosmetically satisfying reconstruction.
OBJECTIVE
We report here our experience with the skin-reducing mastectomy with the aim of emphasizing the problems associated with the technique.
MATERIALS AND METHOD
A study was conduced from April 2009 to November 2012, 74 patients with breast cancer were selected then received a skin-reducing mastectomy. The enrolled women satisfied the criteria of Nava. Statistical analysis was conduced to estimate the significance of the outcome results and complication rate.
RESULT
A total of 88 SRMs were performed and the outcomes were as follows: excellent in 34 patients, good in 21, and poor in 8. We recorded 25 % of adverse events and statistic helped us to identify patient related factors whose can increase the complications onset.
CONCLUSION
Skin-reducing mastectomy is an indispensable procedure to treat cancer in large and pendulous breasts. The correct patient selection is mandatory to reduce the not negligible complication risk. Skin reducing mastectomy when is well conduced allow to obtain good results with patient satisfaction but, like other breast-conserving surgeries, in some case is not the ultimate solution, because it may require some revisions to maintain the optimum results. To day it be consider relatively safe in selected patient and the gold standard in macormastia immediate reconstruction.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Breast; Breast Neoplasms; Female; Humans; Hypertrophy; Mammaplasty; Mastectomy, Segmental; Middle Aged; Organ Sparing Treatments; Patient Satisfaction; Retrospective Studies; Surgical Flaps
PubMed: 26467095
DOI: 10.1186/s13046-015-0227-5 -
American Journal of Men's Health May 2018This study aimed to report penile dimensions in diabetic and nondiabetic men with erectile dysfunction (ED) and correlate their dimensions with other study variables. A... (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study
This study aimed to report penile dimensions in diabetic and nondiabetic men with erectile dysfunction (ED) and correlate their dimensions with other study variables. A case-control study was designed through retrospective data analysis of diabetic and nondiabetic patients consulting for ED and a control group ( n = 105, each group). Study data retrieved included history, clinical evaluation, and penile dimensions (pendulous length [PL], total length [TL], and circumference [CF]) at flaccid and erect states. Results identified that patients had lower values (mean, cm) for almost all penile dimensions. The diabetic patients identified significant differences in most dimensions, whether in flaccid (PL: 7.46 vs. 7.51 and 7.81, p = .11; TL: 11.8 vs. 12.77 and 12.88, p = .000; CF: 8.84 vs. 9.1 and 9.14, p = .016) or erect state (PL: 9.66 vs. 9.61 and 10, p = .092; TL: 13.96 vs. 14.88 and 15.04, p = .000; CF: 11.56 vs. 12.06 and 11.92, p = .018) as compared with the nondiabetic patients and controls, respectively. No significant correlation was detected between the dimensions and age, durations of diabetes and ED, or erectile function scores. In conclusion, diabetic and nondiabetic patients with ED presented, in varying degrees, significant decline in their penile dimensions, and this was more prevalent in diabetic patients. As changes in penile size could be a silent corollary of comorbidities, monitoring the changes in penile dimensions should be an important component of the clinical checkup of any patient with ED, especially a diabetic patient.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Case-Control Studies; Diabetes Mellitus; Erectile Dysfunction; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Penis; Retrospective Studies
PubMed: 26130730
DOI: 10.1177/1557988315592026 -
Canadian Urological Association Journal... 2015We describe the combined use of the Orandi flap and the scrotal skin advancement flap to reduce complications for pendulous urethral stricture in men >40 years old.
INTRODUCTION
We describe the combined use of the Orandi flap and the scrotal skin advancement flap to reduce complications for pendulous urethral stricture in men >40 years old.
METHODS
Over the last 40 months, 10 men underwent urethroplasty for pendulous stricture by the modified Orandi urethroplasty. In this, additionally, a midline hairless scrotal skin flap of the size of the ventral skin defect on the pendulous portion was raised based on the dartos fascia. This flap was mobilized so that it reached the pendulous portion without tension and covered the penile defect. The catheter was removed after 4 weeks. Patients were followed every 3 months using uroflowmetry and the American Urological Association (AUA) symptom score.
RESULTS
The mean age was 55.5. Of the 10 patients, the etiology was post-catheterization in 5 and idiopathic in the remaining 5. Three men also had stricture extending into the bulbous urethra (repaired using buccal graft). The mean additional time needed for the flap coverage was 36.2 minutes (range: 30-45). The median follow-up was 12 months (range: 3-40). The mean postoperative symptom score was 5.2 and the mean flow rate was 20.1 mL/sec. In 2 men, the meatus got retracted to the distal penile part (probably due to downward traction by scrotal skin). No patient complained of disfigurement. Two men reported recurrence (1 each in bulbous and penile urethra). The limitations are small number of patients and the observational nature of this study.
CONCLUSIONS
The intermediate-term results show that the modified Orandi urethroplasty is an acceptable treatment option with acceptable cosmetic results.
PubMed: 26085873
DOI: 10.5489/cuaj.2455 -
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer... 2015To investigate the impact of the breast size, shape, maximum heart depth (MDH), and chest wall hypotenuse (the distance connecting middle point of the sternum and the...
BACKGROUND
To investigate the impact of the breast size, shape, maximum heart depth (MDH), and chest wall hypotenuse (the distance connecting middle point of the sternum and the length of lung draw on the selected transverse CT slice) on the volumetric dose to heart with whole breast irradiation (WBI) of left-sided breast cancer patients.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Fifty-three patients with left-sided breast cancer undergoing adjuvant intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) were enrolled in the study. The primary breast size and shape, MHD and DCWH (chest wall hypotenuse) were contoured on radiotherapy (RT) planning CT slices. The dose data of hearts were obtained from the dose-volume histograms (DVHs). Data were analyzed by one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), Student's t-test and linear regression analysis.
RESULTS
Breast size was independent of heart dose, whereas breast shape, MHD and DCWH were correlated with heart dose. The shapes of breasts were divided into four types, as the flap type, hemisphere type, cone type and pendulous type with heart mean dose being 491.8±234.6 cGy, 752.7±219.0 cGy, 620.2±275.7 cGy, and 666.1±238.0 cGy, respectively. The flap type of breasts shows a strong statistically reduction in heart dose, compared to others (p=0.008 for V30 of heart). DCWH and MHD were found to be the most important parameters correlating with heart dose in WBI.
CONCLUSIONS
More attention should be paid to the heart dose of non-flap type patients. The MHD was found to be the most important parameter to correlate with heart dose in tangential WBI, closely followed by the DCWH, which could help radiation oncologists and physicsts evaluate heart dose and design RT plan in advance.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Breast; Female; Heart; Humans; Middle Aged; Radiation; Radiotherapy Dosage; Radiotherapy, Intensity-Modulated; Thorax; Unilateral Breast Neoplasms
PubMed: 25854378
DOI: 10.7314/apjcp.2015.16.7.2889 -
Measurement Science & Technology Apr 2015This paper describes the extension of multicolor particle shadow velocimetry (CPSV) to the measurement of local acceleration in an Eulerian frame of reference. A...
This paper describes the extension of multicolor particle shadow velocimetry (CPSV) to the measurement of local acceleration in an Eulerian frame of reference. A validation experiment was conducted on a pendulous disk undergoing unsteady rigid body rotation. Angular velocity and acceleration profiles by CPSA are presented along with a comparison to recordings by an accelerometer mounted on the pendulum. CPSA is also demonstrated in a fully-developed turbulent pipe flow. Profiles of standard deviation of the local acceleration in the near wall region (0< <75) are compared to similar measurements by Christensen and Adrian. A favorable comparison is found between CPSA and particle image accelerometry (PIA). The effect of acceleration time delay, or the time between two velocity estimates, on local acceleration estimates is discussed.
PubMed: 31303696
DOI: 10.1088/0957-0233/26/4/045301 -
Case Reports in Urology 2015We report a rare case of iliac vein compression syndrome caused by urethral calculus. A 71-year-old man had a history of urethral stenosis. He complained of bilateral...
We report a rare case of iliac vein compression syndrome caused by urethral calculus. A 71-year-old man had a history of urethral stenosis. He complained of bilateral leg edema and dysuria for 1 week. Physical examination revealed bilateral distention of the superficial epigastric veins, so obstruction of both common iliac veins or the inferior vena cava was suspected. Plain abdominal computed tomography showed a calculus in the pendulous urethra, distention of the bladder (as well as the right renal pelvis and ureter), and compression of the bilateral common iliac veins by the distended bladder. Iliac vein compression syndrome was diagnosed. Bilateral iliac vein compression due to bladder distention (secondary to neurogenic bladder, benign prostatic hyperplasia, or urethral calculus as in this case) is an infrequent cause of acute bilateral leg edema. Detecting distention of the superficial epigastric veins provides a clue for diagnosis of this syndrome.
PubMed: 25802794
DOI: 10.1155/2015/743270 -
American Journal of Men's Health May 2016This study aimed to report penile dimensions in adult Egyptian males consulting for small-sized penis (SSP) and describe their demographics and andrological profile. A...
This study aimed to report penile dimensions in adult Egyptian males consulting for small-sized penis (SSP) and describe their demographics and andrological profile. A case control study was designed through retrospective data analysis of patients (n = 239) seeking advice for SSP and a control group (n = 59). This included sociodemographics, other andrological complaints, and penile dimensions (pendulous length [PL], penopubic or total length [TL], and circumference [CF]) at flaccid and erect states and the size of the prepubic fatty pad. The results reported that most patients were single, students, and smokers and had not completed a university education. Several patients reported falsely premature ejaculation (PE), penile curvature (PC), and small-sized testes. Most penile dimensions of the patients (mean, cm) were significantly lower than those of the controls, whether in flaccid (PL: 7.4 vs. 8.05, p = .008; CF: 8.7 vs. 8.98, p = .026) or erect state (PL: 11.8 vs. 13, p = .000; TL: 14.2 vs. 15, p = .000; CF: 11.3 vs. 11.8, p = .003). However, no patient presented with a pendulous penile length <4 cm in flaccid or <7 cm in erect state. In conclusion, Egyptian men consulting for SSP did not have true small organs, but their penile dimensions were slightly smaller than those of men without such complaint. The proper sexual education program is highly advisable in these situations to avoid the myths and misconceptions about sexuality.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Case-Control Studies; Egypt; Humans; Male; Men; Middle Aged; Penis; Referral and Consultation; Retrospective Studies
PubMed: 25563384
DOI: 10.1177/1557988314565167