-
Journal of Dental Research, Dental... 2022After periodontal surgery, in most cases, the surgical area is covered with a surgical pack. It has been suggested that these packs might minimize complications. This...
Comparison of the effects of Diplen LX membrane and Coe-Pak on pain, wound healing, and patient preference after the periodontal flap surgery in patients with moderate to severe chronic periodontitis.
After periodontal surgery, in most cases, the surgical area is covered with a surgical pack. It has been suggested that these packs might minimize complications. This study aimed to compare the effects of Diplen LX membrane and Coe-Pak on pain, wound healing, and patient preference after a periodontal flap surgery in patients with moderate to severe chronic periodontitis. In this randomized clinical trial, 26 patients were evaluated. Pain scores were assessed using visual analog scale (VAS) on the 3rd and 7th days postoperatively and compared between the two dressings. On the 7th and 14th days after both flap surgeries, surgical site healing was evaluated using the wound healing index (WHI). The mean age of the patients was 31. It was observed that the severity of pain in the studied patients on the 3rd and 7th days postoperatively was significantly lower in the intervention group than in the control group. It was also observed that the value of WHI in the studied patients on the 7th and 14th days postoperatively was significantly higher in the intervention group than in the control group. The pain was less severe in both groups using periodontal dressing and also lower in the Diplen LX membrane group. In addition, based on WHI, wound healing score in patients was also higher and more favorable in the Diplex LX membrane group. Due to the above factors, the majority of patients preferred the use of the Diplen LX membrane.
PubMed: 36561388
DOI: 10.34172/joddd.2022.023 -
Journal of Functional Biomaterials Dec 2022Multiple-pathogen periodontal disease necessitates a local release and concentration of antibacterial medication to control inflammation in a particular location of the...
Multiple-pathogen periodontal disease necessitates a local release and concentration of antibacterial medication to control inflammation in a particular location of the mouth cavity. Therefore, it is necessary to effectively load and deliver medicine/antibiotics to treat numerous complex bacterial infections. This study developed chlorhexidine (CHX)/polycaprolactone (PCL) nanofiber membranes with controlled release properties as periodontal dressings to prevent or treat oral disorders. Electrostatic spinning was adopted to endow the nanofiber membranes with a high porosity, hydrophilicity, and CHX loading capability. The release of CHX occurred in a concentration-dependent manner. The CHX/PCL nanofiber membranes exhibited good biocompatibility with human periodontal ligament stem cells, with cell viability over 85% in each group via CCK-8 assay and LIVE/DEAD staining; moreover, the good attachment of the membrane was illustrated by scanning electron microscopy imaging. Through the agar diffusion assay, the nanofiber membranes with only 0.075 wt% CHX exhibited high antibacterial activity against three typical oral infection-causing bacteria: , , and . The results indicated that the CHX/PCL nanofiber holds great potential as a periodontal dressing for the prevention and treatment periodontal disorders associated with bacteria.
PubMed: 36547540
DOI: 10.3390/jfb13040280 -
Journal of Indian Society of... 2022Concentrated growth factor (CGF) is a newer form of autologous platelet concentrate with an extra fibrin matrix and more growth factors than that observed with...
Concentrated growth factor (CGF) is a newer form of autologous platelet concentrate with an extra fibrin matrix and more growth factors than that observed with platelet-rich fibrin, due to its different centrifugation process. This case series evaluates the early wound healing with CGF membrane as a periodontal bandage after depigmentation. Three individuals were selected for a split-mouth study. After surgical depigmentation, the test site received CGF membrane. Both groups were covered by a periodontal pack. Participants were assessed on the 3 and 5 days using a Visual Analog Scale and a Healing Index. Epithelization test was done with toluidine blue on the 5 day and tissue samples were taken for histological evaluation. The application of CGF membrane showed better healing and lesser inflammatory cells. Thus, a CGF membrane is helpful in protecting the raw wound region of depigmented sites, improving patient comfort, and for better healing.
PubMed: 36339377
DOI: 10.4103/jisp.jisp_405_21 -
Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland) Sep 2022A biodegradable micro/nano-structured porous hemostatic gelatin-based sponge as a dentistry surgery foam was prepared using a freeze-drying method. In vitro function...
A biodegradable micro/nano-structured porous hemostatic gelatin-based sponge as a dentistry surgery foam was prepared using a freeze-drying method. In vitro function evaluation tests were performed to ensure its hemostatic effect. Biocompatibility tests were also performed to show the compatibility of the sponge on human fetal foreskin fibroblasts (HFFF2) cells and red blood cells (RBCs). Then, 10 patients who required the extraction of two teeth were selected, and after teeth extraction, for dressing, the produced sponge was placed in one of the extracavities while a commercial sponge was placed in the cavity in the other tooth as a control. The total weight of the absorbed blood in each group was compared. The results showed a porous structure with micrometric and nanometric pores, flexibility, a two-week range for degradation, and an ability to absorb blood 35 times its weight in vitro. The prepared sponge showed lower blood clotting times (BCTs) (243.33 ± 2.35 s) and a lower blood clotting index (BCI) (10.67 ± 0.004%) compared to two commercial sponges that displayed its ability for faster coagulation and good hemostatic function. It also had no toxic effects on the HFFF2 cells and RBCs. The clinical assessment showed a better ability of blood absorption for the produced sponge (-value = 0.0015). The sponge is recommended for use in dental surgeries because of its outstanding abilities.
PubMed: 36234564
DOI: 10.3390/nano12193436 -
Designed Monomers and Polymers 2022Hyaluronic acid (HA) is a naturally occurring biopolymer, with a remarkable wound healing property. Zinc-oxide non-eugenol is a material widely used for periodontal...
Hyaluronic acid (HA) is a naturally occurring biopolymer, with a remarkable wound healing property. Zinc-oxide non-eugenol is a material widely used for periodontal dressing in dentistry. However, it has been reported that zinc oxide non-eugenol is toxic to osteoblasts and fibroblasts. Hence, the present study aimed to evaluate the drug release and cytotoxicity of HA and zinc-oxide gels. Hydrogels of HA and zinc oxide were formulated with carbopol as a carrier. drug release was performed by UV spectrophotometry, dialysis, and vial bag methods. Cytotoxicity assessment of HA and zinc-oxide gels was performed in human periodontal ligament fibroblasts (HPdLF) and human gingival fibroblasts (hGFs). An inverted phase-contrast microscope was used to assess the morphological changes. At 24 and 48 hr, HPdLF cells showed the highest viability in 0.1% low molecular weight-HA (LMW-HA) with a median value of 131.9, and hGFs showed the highest viability in 5% LMW-HA with a median of 129.56. The highest viability of HPdLF cells was observed in 5% high molecular weight-HA (HMW-HA), with a median value of 127.11. hGFs showed the highest viability in 1% HMW-HA with a median value of 97.99. Within the limitations of the present study, we concluded that LMW-HA is more efficient than HMW-HA. Both HPdLF and hGF cells showed complete cell morbidity with zinc-oxide hydrogels. Therefore, zinc oxide-based gels in concentrations as low as 9% could be toxic intraorally to soft tissues that harbor gingival and periodontal ligament fibroblasts.
PubMed: 35910523
DOI: 10.1080/15685551.2022.2099647 -
Brazilian Oral Research 2022The objective of this study was to formulate an experimental light-cured periodontal dressing containing alpha-humulene and to compare its physical, antimicrobial, and...
The objective of this study was to formulate an experimental light-cured periodontal dressing containing alpha-humulene and to compare its physical, antimicrobial, and cytotoxicity properties with commercial gold standards (Barricaid® and Periobond®). Two periodontal dressing formulations were developed (a and b). The formulations were divided into 5 groups according to the alpha-humulene concentration as follows: Ea - control group, Ea1 - 1%, Ea5 - 5%, Ea10 - 10%, and Ea20 - 20%; Eb - control group, Eb1 - 1%, Eb5 - 5%, Eb10 - 10%, and Eb20 - 20%. Materials characterization was performed using the degree of conversion, cohesive strength, sorption, and solubility assays. Antimicrobial assay was performed using the modified direct contact test against E. faecalis and S. aureus. Cytotoxicity was assessed by the cell viability experiment using L929 fibroblasts. In general, the cohesive strength values of materials decreased as the alpha-humulene concentration increased. All the experimental dressings showed antimicrobial activity against both bacteria tested. Cell viability results for the Ea, Ea1, Eb, and Eb1 groups showed moderate cytotoxic effect. The formulations containing alpha-humulene showed similar behavior to the commercial references. Thus, formulations containing alpha-humulene have potential to be used as periodontal dressing.
Topics: Anti-Infective Agents; Monocyclic Sesquiterpenes; Periodontal Dressings; Staphylococcus aureus
PubMed: 35830138
DOI: 10.1590/1807-3107bor-2022.vol36.0091 -
European Journal of Dentistry May 2023The present work aimed to evaluate the effect of lemongrass extract incorporated in a resorbable periodontal dressing on gingival wound healing microscopically,...
OBJECTIVES
The present work aimed to evaluate the effect of lemongrass extract incorporated in a resorbable periodontal dressing on gingival wound healing microscopically, following gingivectomy in rats.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Thirty healthy adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were used in this study. Gingivectomy was performed on anterior area of lower jaw in the labial surface of central incisive and, subsequently, wound areas were covered with povidone iodine gel (group P, positive control, = 10), lemongrass resorbable dressing (group L, = 10), and a cellulose-based dressing containing myrrh (group M, positive control, = 10). Histological changes were monitored in days 4, 7, and 14 postsurgery to evaluate fibroblast and collagen deposition as repair stage of healing process.
STATISTYCAL ANALYSIS
One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by Tukey's post hoc for multiple comparisons were employed to measure differences between pairs of means, p-value of 0.05 was considered statistically significant.
RESULTS
We observed significant difference repair parameters of the healing process between surgical sites treated with lemongrass periodontal dressing and control groups. Wounds treated with lemongrass dressing had greater fibroblast compared with control groups in 4 and 7 days after surgery ( ≤ 0.05).
CONCLUSION
The results suggest positive potential therapeutic effects for this new formulation of periodontal dressing on acceleration of surgical wound healing that lead to improvement of periodontal treatment consequences following gingivectomy.
PubMed: 35760358
DOI: 10.1055/s-0042-1748197 -
Journal of Indian Society of... 2022A randomized controlled clinical trial was conducted to evaluate the effect of local drug delivery (LDD) of as an adjunct to scaling and root planing (SRP) in...
AIM
A randomized controlled clinical trial was conducted to evaluate the effect of local drug delivery (LDD) of as an adjunct to scaling and root planing (SRP) in generalized chronic periodontitis patients.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Thirty patients with ninety sites aged 25-65 years with generalized chronic periodontitis having pocket probing depth (PPD) of more than or equal to 5 mm on the basis of inclusion and exclusion criteria were selected. They were treated according to split-mouth design protocol. The placement of gel containing (1%) (Group 1) and (1%) (Group 2) as LDD was placed at the two test sites, respectively, and only SRP was done in the control group (Group 3). Periodontal dressing was applied to all the three sites after procedure, and patients were given oral care guidelines. Evaluation of clinical parameters gingival index (GI), plaque index (PI), gingival bleeding index (GBI), PPD, clinical attachment level (CAL), and relative attachment level (RAL) was done at baseline, 1, 3, and 6 months, and microbiological parameter was assessed at baseline and 6 months. N-benzoyl-DL-arginine-2-napthylamide (BANA) test was used for the microbiological analysis.
RESULTS
Clinical parameters from baseline to 6 months at different time intervals demonstrated a significant reduction in mean GI, PI, GBI, and PPD and gain in CAL and RAL over a period of 6 months, and results were statistically significant in all the three treatment groups. However, on intergroup comparison, clinically significant difference was observed, but statistically, results were significant at few intervals. The microbiological analysis revealed a statistically nonsignificant reduction at the end of 6 months on intra- and intergroup comparison.
CONCLUSION
The study concluded that the use of gel and gel clinically showed improvement in clinical parameters when combined with SRP, attributing to better anti-inflammatory and healing properties.
PubMed: 35602538
DOI: 10.4103/jisp.jisp_264_21 -
Case Reports in Dentistry 2022The ideal retrieval protocol of separated instruments reverts the case to the initial situation prior to the fracture incidence while preserving the tooth hard tissue...
The ideal retrieval protocol of separated instruments reverts the case to the initial situation prior to the fracture incidence while preserving the tooth hard tissue and the integrity of the supporting structures. When a patient presented for emergency treatment of tooth #37 diagnosed with acute suppurative apical periodontitis, radiographic examination revealed a fractured instrument extruded into the periapex. The treatment options for retrieval were limited to replantation. The initial emergency treatment which consisted of orthograde pus drain, radicular disinfection, and intracanal calcium hydroxide dressing completely resolved patient's symptoms. The follow-up radiographs revealed an interesting finding: gradual shift in the separated fragment position into the radicular space allowing a successful nonsurgical removal of the broken instrument. In conclusion, the reaction of periodontal tissues to an extruded instrument fragment remaining in situ may be favourable; thus, a risk and benefit analysis approach is essential to fractured instrument retrieval.
PubMed: 35127180
DOI: 10.1155/2022/2589021 -
Human & Experimental Toxicology 2022Periodontal dressing is used to cover the gum surface and protect the wound after periodontal surgery. Nanomaterials have been widely applied in dentistry in recent...
BACKGROUND
Periodontal dressing is used to cover the gum surface and protect the wound after periodontal surgery. Nanomaterials have been widely applied in dentistry in recent years. Zinc oxide (ZnO) is one of the main components of periodontal dressing.
AIM
This study aims to explore the toxicity ZnO nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) causes to human gingival fibroblast cells (HGF-1) and its effect on cell proliferation.
METHODS
First, we identified and analyzed HGF-1, including cell morphology, growth curve, and immunohistochemistry staining. Then, we treated HGF-1 with ZnO NP. Cell viability, the integrity of the cell membrane, oxidative damage, and apoptosis were measured by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release assay, fluorescent probe, and flow cytometry. Furthermore, the expression of murine double minute 2 (MDM2) and p53 was determined by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) and Western blotting. We finally overexpressed MDM2 in HGF-1 to verify the relationship between MDM2 and cell proliferation.
RESULTS
Our research indicated ZnO NPs did not affect cell proliferation at low concentrations. However, high-concentration ZnO NP inhibited cell proliferation, destroyed the integrity of cell membranes, and induced oxidative stress and apoptosis. In addition, high concentration of ZnO NPs inhibited the proliferation of HGF-1 by regulating the expression of MDM2 and p53.
CONCLUSION
High concentration of ZnO NP caused toxicity to HGF-1 cells and inhibited cell proliferation by regulating MDM2 and p53 expression.
Topics: Animals; Apoptosis; Cell Proliferation; Cell Survival; Cells, Cultured; Disease Models, Animal; Fibroblasts; Gingiva; Humans; Metal Nanoparticles; Mice; Zinc Oxide
PubMed: 35099326
DOI: 10.1177/09603271221080237