-
The Journal of Veterinary Medical... Oct 2023Herein, we describe the management of nasopharyngitis caused by Schizophyllum commune infection in a captive cheetah. Computed tomography revealed a nodule in the nasal...
Herein, we describe the management of nasopharyngitis caused by Schizophyllum commune infection in a captive cheetah. Computed tomography revealed a nodule in the nasal cavity and pharynx, and an endoscopic biopsy was performed. As a result, the nodule was surgically resected because of a suspected carcinoma. However, the surgical specimen was histologically re-evaluated and a fungal granuloma was diagnosed. Sequence analysis of DNA from formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded samples revealed S. commune infection. The cheetah was administered fluconazole orally for 73 days. However, the drug was ineffective and itraconazole was administered for 14 days. Symptoms such as nasal discharge and sneezing have completely resolved for 4 years.
Topics: Animals; Acinonyx; Schizophyllum; Nasopharyngitis; Mycoses; Itraconazole
PubMed: 37574282
DOI: 10.1292/jvms.23-0273 -
Cancers Jul 2023Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), specifically in the oral cavity (oral squamous cell carcinoma, OSCC), is a common, complex cancer that significantly...
Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), specifically in the oral cavity (oral squamous cell carcinoma, OSCC), is a common, complex cancer that significantly affects patients' quality of life. Early diagnosis typically improves prognoses yet relies on pathologist examination of histology images that exhibit high inter- and intra-observer variation. The advent of deep learning has automated this analysis, notably with object segmentation. However, techniques for automated oral dysplasia diagnosis have been limited to shape or cell stain information, without addressing the diagnostic potential in counting the number of cell layers in the oral epithelium. Our study attempts to address this gap by combining the existing U-Net and HD-Staining architectures for segmenting the oral epithelium and introducing a novel algorithm that we call Onion Peeling for counting the epithelium layer number. Experimental results show a close correlation between our algorithmic and expert manual layer counts, demonstrating the feasibility of automated layer counting. We also show the clinical relevance of oral epithelial layer number to grading oral dysplasia severity through survival analysis. Overall, our study shows that automated counting of oral epithelium layers can represent a potential addition to the digital pathology toolbox. Model generalizability and accuracy could be improved further with a larger training dataset.
PubMed: 37568707
DOI: 10.3390/cancers15153891 -
PloS One 2023Squamous papillomas (SPs) of the head and neck are usually benign lesions associated with human papilloma virus (HPV) infection. However, the reported HPV detection...
Squamous papillomas (SPs) of the head and neck are usually benign lesions associated with human papilloma virus (HPV) infection. However, the reported HPV detection rates vary widely, especially with respect to anatomical distribution. The etiology of SPs in the head and neck remains unclear; analyzing HPV genotypes of SPs based on anatomical sites could assist in clarifying the pathogenesis of SPs in the head and neck. Therefore, the aim of this study was to review the prevalence, subtypes, and anatomical distribution of HPV in head and neck SPs at a hospital in China; we also investigated whether p16, a marker of HPV infection in oropharyngeal carcinoma, could serve as a surrogate marker for HPV in head and neck SPs. The presence of HPV DNA of 23 types (5 low-risk HPV and 18 high-risk HPV types) was detected via real-time PCR. p16 immunohistochemistry was performed using SP sections. Age, sex, anatomical location, and HPV subtype were recorded for each case. In total, 105 SPs were identified, including 47 in the larynx, 42 in the pharynx, 6 in the external auditory canal (EAC), 5 in the oral cavity, and 5 in the nasal cavity. HPV was found in 57 (54.3%) cases, with the highest positivity rate in the larynx (46/47; 97.9%). Only 5/42 (11.9%) patients showed HPV positivity in the pharynx. HPV incidence was highly dependent on the anatomical site. SPs in the larynx and EAC were more likely to carry HPV than those in other anatomical sites. High-risk HPV infections were rarely associated with SPs in the head and neck region. The sensitivity and specificity of p16 immunohistochemistry for HPV infection were 88% and 96%, respectively. There may be an association between p16 and HPV infection in head and neck SPs, but further studies are needed to validate this assertion.
Topics: Humans; Head and Neck Neoplasms; Papillomavirus Infections; Papilloma; Mouth; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell; Genotype; Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p16; Papillomaviridae; DNA, Viral
PubMed: 37566623
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0290004 -
Journal of Clinical and Experimental... Jul 2023Pterygoid hamular bursitis is an infrequent cause of orofacial pain due to a hypertrophic pterygoid hamulus. The pain is often referred to the pharynx, temporomandibular...
Pterygoid hamular bursitis is an infrequent cause of orofacial pain due to a hypertrophic pterygoid hamulus. The pain is often referred to the pharynx, temporomandibular region and facial zone, and requires a differential diagnosis with other craniofacial entities. This paper describes a patient with pterygoid hamular bursitis that presented pain of neuropathic characteristics in the left retromolar region, associated with odynophagia and temporomandibular joint disorders. Based on the clinical and radiological findings, a surgical resection of the pterygoid hamulus was decided. After the surgical procedure the patient still reported symptoms so additional specific treatments such as peripheral nerve block and infiltration were performed. Four months later, the patient developed a squamous cell carcinoma on the left margin of the tongue, which was surgically treated. At present (thirty months follow-up), the patient has no pain or signs of tumor relapse. Pterygoid hamular bursitis, orofacial pain, oral carcinoma, temporomandibular joint disorders, radiofrequency, neuropathic pain.
PubMed: 37519325
DOI: 10.4317/jced.60702 -
Psychosocial Oncology: Optimizing Outcomes through Interdisciplinary Care in Head and Neck Oncology.Current Oncology (Toronto, Ont.) Jul 2023Head and neck squamous cell carcinomas arise from the mucosal epithelium of the oral cavity (lips, buccal mucosa, anterior tongue, hard palate, floor of mouth, and...
Head and neck squamous cell carcinomas arise from the mucosal epithelium of the oral cavity (lips, buccal mucosa, anterior tongue, hard palate, floor of mouth, and retromolar trigone), nasopharynx, oropharynx (tonsils, base of tongue, soft palate, uvula, and posterior pharyngeal wall), hypopharynx, and larynx [...].
Topics: Humans; Psycho-Oncology; Tongue; Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Head and Neck; Medical Oncology; Head and Neck Neoplasms
PubMed: 37504361
DOI: 10.3390/curroncol30070501 -
European Archives of... Nov 2023Second primary cancers (SPCs) after nasopharyngeal cancer (NPC) are rare, but have an impact on the follow-up of this patient population. The aim of this study is to... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
PURPOSE
Second primary cancers (SPCs) after nasopharyngeal cancer (NPC) are rare, but have an impact on the follow-up of this patient population. The aim of this study is to systematically review the literature to determine the prevalence and most typical sites of SPCs after NPC.
METHODS
We searched the databases of PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus for articles on SPCs after NPC. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses guidelines were followed.
RESULTS
This review includes data on 89 168 patients with NPC from 21 articles. The mean occurrence for SPCs was 6.6% and varied from 4.9% in endemic areas to 8.7% in non-endemic areas. The most frequent locations of SPCs were oral cavity, pharynx, nose and paranasal sinuses, esophagus and lung.
CONCLUSION
There is an increased risk for a SPC after NPC management, especially in non-endemic areas. However, their mean rate is lower than after other head and neck carcinomas.
Topics: Humans; Head and Neck Neoplasms; Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma; Nasopharyngeal Neoplasms; Neoplasms, Second Primary; Risk Factors
PubMed: 37495725
DOI: 10.1007/s00405-023-08144-0