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RSC Advances Mar 2024This research paper unveils a fluorescent probe (PTZ-SCN) engineered for the specific detection of Cu, featuring a 10-ethyl-10-phenothiazine-3-carbaldehyde and...
This research paper unveils a fluorescent probe (PTZ-SCN) engineered for the specific detection of Cu, featuring a 10-ethyl-10-phenothiazine-3-carbaldehyde and 2-(thiophen-2-yl) acetonitrile moiety. The fluorescence sensing behavior of PTZ-SCN towards various metal cations was scrutinized in CHCN : HEPES (9 : 1) buffer aqueous solution. The UV absorbance of PTZ-SCN displayed a distinct red shift in the presence of Cu cations, whereas other metal cations did not cause any interference. Similarly, the fluorescence emission of the probe was also only quenched by Cu cations. The limit of detection (LOD) was calculated as 1.0461 × 10 M. PTZ-SCN showed the ability to identify Cu using the colorimetric method, the fluorometric method and even through visual observation in a trilateral detection. We studied the recognition mechanism of PTZ-SCN for Cu using H-NMR, HRMS analysis, and time-dependent density functional theory (TDDFT) calculations. Furthermore, our study encompassed the investigation of PTZ-SCN's practical applicability, bridging the gap from research to real-world implementation. This was achieved by employing test strips and water samples for the detection of Cu. Additionally, the PTZ-SCN probe's low cytotoxicity and effective imaging properties for Cu in living cells were confirmed, indicating that PTZ-SCN shows the potential to serve as a promising probe for detecting Cu.
PubMed: 38500619
DOI: 10.1039/d3ra07608c -
Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy Apr 2024Eradication of endodontic biofilms from the infected root canal system is still the main concern in endodontics. In this study, the role of the power density parameter...
BACKGROUND
Eradication of endodontic biofilms from the infected root canal system is still the main concern in endodontics. In this study, the role of the power density parameter in the efficacy of antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (PDT) with toluidine blue O (TBO) and phycocyanin (PC) activated by a 635 nm diode laser (DL) against Enterococcus faecalis biofilm in the root canal model was investigated.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
The E. faecalis biofilm in the root canal was treated with TBO and PC with different power densities (636, 954, 1273, and 1592 W/cm). The untreated biofilm represented the control group. After the treatments, the biofilms were analyzed based on the number of colonies per milliliter.
RESULTS
TBO and PC activated with 635 nm DL with a power density of 1592 W/cm were more efficient in removing E. faecalis biofilms within the root canals than those with a power density of 636 W/cm (p = 0.00).
CONCLUSION
The light power density optimized the bacterial reduction of E. faecalis biofilms in the root canal spaces. These results provide information on the decisive parameters for performing PDT on intracanal biofilms.
Topics: Biofilms; Enterococcus faecalis; Photochemotherapy; Tolonium Chloride; Dental Pulp Cavity; Photosensitizing Agents; Lasers, Semiconductor; Phycocyanin; Humans; Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation
PubMed: 38499277
DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2024.104053 -
Medicine Mar 2024Lipid emulsion has been shown to effectively relieve refractory cardiovascular collapse resulting from toxic levels of nonlocal anesthetics. The goal of this study was... (Review)
Review
Lipid emulsion has been shown to effectively relieve refractory cardiovascular collapse resulting from toxic levels of nonlocal anesthetics. The goal of this study was to examine the effect of lipid emulsions on neuropsychiatric drug-induced toxicity using relevant case reports of human patients, with a particular focus on the Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score and corrected QT interval, to analyze drugs that frequently require lipid emulsion treatment. The following keywords were used to retrieve relevant case reports from PubMed: "antidepressant or antipsychotic drug or amitriptyline or bupropion or citalopram or desipramine or dosulepin or dothiepin or doxepin or escitalopram or fluoxetine or haloperidol or olanzapine or phenothiazine or quetiapine or risperidone or trazodone" and "lipid emulsion or Intralipid." Lipid emulsion treatment reversed the corrected QT interval prolongation and decreases in Glasgow Coma Scale scores caused by toxic doses of neuropsychiatric drugs, especially lipid-soluble drugs such as amitriptyline, trazodone, quetiapine, lamotrigine, and citalopram. The log P (octanol/water partition coefficient) of the group which required more than 3 lipid emulsion treatments was higher than that that of the group which required less than 3 lipid emulsion treatments. The main rationale to administer lipid emulsion as an adjuvant was as follows: hemodynamic depression intractable to supportive treatment (88.3%) > lipophilic drugs (8.3%) > suspected overdose or no spontaneous breathing (1.6%). Adjuvant lipid emulsion treatment contributed to the recovery of 98.30% of patients with neuropsychiatric drug-induced toxicity. However, further analyses using many case reports are needed to clarify the effects of lipid emulsion resuscitation.
Topics: Humans; Quetiapine Fumarate; Amitriptyline; Citalopram; Fat Emulsions, Intravenous; Trazodone; Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions; Dothiepin
PubMed: 38489675
DOI: 10.1097/MD.0000000000037612 -
Scientific Reports Mar 2024Distinct platelet activation patterns are elicited by the tyrosine kinase-linked collagen receptor glycoprotein VI (GPVI) and the G-protein coupled protease-activated...
Distinct platelet activation patterns are elicited by the tyrosine kinase-linked collagen receptor glycoprotein VI (GPVI) and the G-protein coupled protease-activated receptors (PAR1/4) for thrombin. This is reflected in the different platelet Ca responses induced by the GPVI agonist collagen-related peptide (CRP) and the PAR1/4 agonist thrombin. Using a 96 well-plate assay with human Calcium-6-loaded platelets and a panel of 22 pharmacological inhibitors, we assessed the cytosolic Ca signaling domains of these receptors and developed an automated Ca curve algorithm. The algorithm was used to evaluate an ultra-high throughput (UHT) based screening of 16,635 chemically diverse small molecules with orally active physicochemical properties for effects on platelets stimulated with CRP or thrombin. Stringent agonist-specific selection criteria resulted in the identification of 151 drug-like molecules, of which three hit compounds were further characterized. The dibenzyl formamide derivative ANO61 selectively modulated thrombin-induced Ca responses, whereas the aromatic sulfonyl imidazole AF299 and the phenothiazine ethopropazine affected CRP-induced responses. Platelet functional assays confirmed selectivity of these hits. Ethopropazine retained its inhibitory potential in the presence of plasma, and suppressed collagen-dependent thrombus buildup at arterial shear rate. In conclusion, targeting of platelet Ca signaling dynamics in a screening campaign has the potential of identifying novel platelet-inhibiting molecules.
Topics: Humans; Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors; Calcium; Thrombin; Calcium Signaling; Platelet Membrane Glycoproteins; Receptor, PAR-1; Blood Platelets; Platelet Activation; Calcium, Dietary; Platelet Aggregation; Phenothiazines
PubMed: 38486006
DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-56799-4 -
Environmental Science & Technology Mar 2024The investigation of pharmaceuticals as emerging contaminants in marine biota has been insufficient. In this study, we examined the presence of 51 pharmaceuticals in...
The investigation of pharmaceuticals as emerging contaminants in marine biota has been insufficient. In this study, we examined the presence of 51 pharmaceuticals in edible oysters along the coasts of the East and South China Seas. Only nine pharmaceuticals were detected. The mean concentrations of all measured pharmaceuticals in oysters per site ranged from 0.804 to 15.1 ng g of dry weight, with antihistamines being the most common. Brompheniramine and promethazine were identified in biota samples for the first time. Although no significant health risks to humans were identified through consumption of oysters, 100-1000 times higher health risks were observed for wildlife like water birds, seasnails, and starfishes. Specifically, sea snails that primarily feed on oysters were found to be at risk of exposure to ciprofloxacin, brompheniramine, and promethazine. These high risks could be attributed to the monotonous diet habits and relatively limited food sources of these organisms. Furthermore, taking chirality into consideration, chlorpheniramine in the oysters was enriched by the -enantiomer, with a relative potency 1.1-1.3 times higher when chlorpheniramine was considered as a racemate. Overall, this study highlights the prevalence of antihistamines in seafood and underscores the importance of studying enantioselectivities of pharmaceuticals in health risk assessments.
Topics: Animals; Humans; Brompheniramine; China; Chlorpheniramine; Environmental Monitoring; Histamine Antagonists; Oceans and Seas; Ostreidae; Pharmaceutical Preparations; Promethazine; Water Pollutants, Chemical
PubMed: 38478581
DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.3c10588 -
Chemical Science Mar 2024Quinones (QN) are one of the main components of diesel exhaust particulates that have significant detrimental effects on human health. Their extraction and purification...
Quinones (QN) are one of the main components of diesel exhaust particulates that have significant detrimental effects on human health. Their extraction and purification have been challenging tasks because these atmospheric particulates exist as complex matrices consisting of inorganic and organic compounds. In this report, we introduce a new water soluble PdL molecular architecture (MT) with an unusual tweezer-shaped structure obtained by self-assembly of a newly designed phenothiazine-based tetra-imidazole donor (L) with the acceptor -[(tmeda)Pd(NO)] (M) [ tmeda = ,,','-tetramethylethane-1,2-diamine]. The molecular tweezer encapsulates some quinones existing in diesel exhaust particulates (DEPs) leading to the formation of host-guest complexes in 1 : 1 molar ratio. Moreover, MT binds phenanthrenequinone (PQ) more strongly than its isomer anthraquinone (AQ), an aspect that enables extraction of PQ with a purity of 91% from an equimolar mixture of the two isomers. Therefore, MT represents an excellent example of supramolecular receptor capable of selective aqueous extraction of PQ from PQ/AQ with many cycles of reusability.
PubMed: 38455025
DOI: 10.1039/d3sc05093a -
Chemosphere Apr 2024Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are highly promising adsorbents with notable properties such as elevated adsorption capacities and versatile surface design capabilities....
Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are highly promising adsorbents with notable properties such as elevated adsorption capacities and versatile surface design capabilities. This study introduces two distinct synthesis methods, one lasting 1 h and the other 24 h, for UiO-66 and NH-UiO-66. While both methods yield structures with comparable crystallinity and morphology, the adsorption performance of the cationic methylene blue dye varies at different pH levels. Despite the 24 h synthesis time being optimal for maximum adsorption in both MOFs, the relative difference in NH-UiO-66 adsorption percentage at different times suggests reduced dependency on synthesis time for this property. Notably, NH-UiO-66 exhibits consistent and effective performance across three pH levels, warranting further investigation into its adsorption kinetics and isotherm. The achievement of high adsorption efficiency coupled with a significantly reduced synthesis time underscores the importance of developing simplified synthetic methods, essential for enhancing the practical applicability of MOFs in diverse applications.
Topics: Methylene Blue; Adsorption; Water Pollutants, Chemical; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Metal-Organic Frameworks; Phthalic Acids
PubMed: 38447898
DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.141543 -
Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics :... Mar 2024We report the results of the SAMPL9 host-guest blind challenge for predicting binding free energies. The challenge focused on macrocycles from pillar[]-arene and...
We report the results of the SAMPL9 host-guest blind challenge for predicting binding free energies. The challenge focused on macrocycles from pillar[]-arene and cyclodextrin host families, including WP6, and bCD and HbCD. A variety of methods were used by participants to submit binding free energy predictions. A machine learning approach based on molecular descriptors achieved the highest accuracy (RMSE of 2.04 kcal mol) among the ranked methods in the WP6 dataset. Interestingly, predictions for WP6 obtained docking tended to outperform all methods (RMSE of 1.70 kcal mol), most of which are MD based and computationally more expensive. In general, methods applying force fields achieved better correlation with experiments for WP6 opposed to the machine learning and docking models. In the cyclodextrin-phenothiazine challenge, the ATM approach emerged as the top performing method with RMSE less than 1.86 kcal mol. Correlation metrics of ranked methods in this dataset were relatively poor compared to WP6. We also highlight several lessons learned to guide future work and help improve studies on the systems discussed. For example, WP6 may be present in other microstates other than its -12 state in the presence of certain guests. Machine learning approaches can be used to fine tune or help train force fields for certain chemistry ( WP6-G4). Certain phenothiazines occupy distinct primary and secondary orientations, some of which were considered individually for accurate binding free energies. The accuracy of predictions from certain methods while starting from a single binding pose/orientation demonstrates the sensitivity of calculated binding free energies to the orientation, and in some cases the likely dominant orientation for the system. Computational and experimental results suggest that guest phenothiazine core traverses both the secondary and primary faces of the cyclodextrin hosts, a bulky cationic side chain will primarily occupy the primary face, and the phenothiazine core substituent resides at the larger secondary face.
PubMed: 38444308
DOI: 10.1039/d3cp05111k -
Optics Express Feb 2024Conventional photoacoustic endoscopy (PAE) is mostly for structural imaging, and its molecular imaging ability is quite limited. In this work, we address this issue and...
Conventional photoacoustic endoscopy (PAE) is mostly for structural imaging, and its molecular imaging ability is quite limited. In this work, we address this issue and present the development of a flexible acoustic-resolution-based photoacoustic endoscopic (AR-PAE) probe with an outer diameter of 8 mm. This probe is driven by a micro-step motor at the distal end, enabling flexible and precise angular step control to synchronize with the optical parametric oscillator (OPO) lasers. This probe retains the high spatial resolution, high penetration depth, and spectroscopic imaging ability of conventional AR-PAE. Moreover, it is capable for background-free high-specific photoacoustic molecular imaging with a novel pump-probe detection technique, as demonstrated by the distribution visualizing of the FDA approved contrast agent methylene blue (MB) in an ex-vivo pig ileum. This proposed method represents an important technical advancement in multimodal PAE, and can potentially make considerable contributions across various biomedical fields.
Topics: Animals; Swine; Endoscopes; Molecular Imaging; Spectrum Analysis; Contrast Media; Methylene Blue
PubMed: 38439489
DOI: 10.1364/OE.514282 -
TheScientificWorldJournal 2024In this study, we investigated the use of manganese oxide-biochar nanocomposites (MnOx-BNC), synthesized from coffee husk (CH) and khat leftover (KL) for the removal of...
In this study, we investigated the use of manganese oxide-biochar nanocomposites (MnOx-BNC), synthesized from coffee husk (CH) and khat leftover (KL) for the removal of methylene blue (MB) from wastewater. Pristine biochars of each biomass (CH and KL) as well as their corresponding biochar-based nanocomposites were synthesized by pyrolyzing at 300°C for 1 h. The biochar-based nanocomposites were synthesized by pretreating 25 g of each biomass with 12.5 mmol of KMnO. To assess the MB removal efficiency, we conducted preliminary tests using 0.2 g of each adsorbent, 20 mL of 20 mg·L MB, pH 7.5, and shaking the mixture at 200 rpm and for 2 h at 25°C. The results showed that the pristine biochar of CH and KL removed 39.08% and 75.26% of MB from aqueous solutions, respectively. However, the MnOx-BNCs removed 99.27% with manganese oxide-coffee husk biochar nanocomposite (MnOx-CHBNC) and 98.20% with manganese oxide-khat leftover biochar nanocomposite (MnOx-KLBNC) of the MB, which are significantly higher than their corresponding pristine biochars. The adsorption process followed the Langmuir isotherm and a pseudo-second-order model, indicating favorable monolayer adsorption. The MnOx-CHBNC and MnOx-KLBNC demonstrated satisfactory removal efficiencies even after three and six cycles of reuse, respectively, indicating their potential effectiveness for alternative use in removing MB from wastewater.
Topics: Wastewater; Catha; Coffea; Methylene Blue; Nanocomposites; Charcoal; Oxides; Manganese Compounds
PubMed: 38434937
DOI: 10.1155/2024/7585145