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Medicina Intensiva Oct 2022
Topics: COVID-19; Humans; Polyradiculopathy; SARS-CoV-2
PubMed: 36155685
DOI: 10.1016/j.medine.2022.01.002 -
Medicina Intensiva Oct 2022
Topics: COVID-19; Humans; Polyradiculopathy; SARS-CoV-2
PubMed: 36155684
DOI: 10.1016/j.medine.2021.12.014 -
Immunologic Research Dec 2022Since the beginning of worldwide vaccination against coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), studies have reported a possible association between vaccination and... (Review)
Review
Since the beginning of worldwide vaccination against coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), studies have reported a possible association between vaccination and Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS). In this regard, we conducted a systematic review assessing different demographic, clinical, and neurophysiological aspects of patients with GBS following immunization with COVID-19 vaccines. A comprehensive search of PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and Google Scholar was performed. Articles in English between January 2020 and November 2021 were included. Data on demographics, clinical characteristics, vaccines information, treatment approaches, and outcomes were extracted. The data of a total of 88 patients out of 41 studies was included. The mean age of patients was 58.7 ± 16.6 years and 55 cases (62.5%) were male. AstraZeneca was the most-reported vaccine associated with GBS with 52 cases (59.1%) followed by Pfizer with 20 cases (22.7%). GBS occurred after the first dose of vaccination in 70 cases (79.5%). The mean time interval between vaccination and symptom onset was 13.9 ± 7.4 days. Limb weakness (47.7%), sensory disturbance (38.6%), and facial weakness (27.3%) were the most common reported symptoms, respectively. Albuminocytologic dissociation was seen in 65% of patients who underwent lumbar puncture (n = 65). Acute inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculopathy was the most common GBS subtype, which was reported in 38 patients (43.2%). While one-fifth of patients underwent intubation (n = 17), a favorable outcome was achieved in the majority of subjects (n = 46, 63%). Overall, a small rise in GBS incidence, following various COVID-19 vaccines, was observed. Notably, 85% of affected individuals experienced at least a partial recovery.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; COVID-19; COVID-19 Vaccines; Guillain-Barre Syndrome; Vaccination; Vaccines
PubMed: 36098903
DOI: 10.1007/s12026-022-09316-6 -
Muscle & Nerve Nov 2022
Topics: Humans; Facial Paralysis; Polyradiculopathy; RNA, Viral; COVID-19; SARS-CoV-2; Guillain-Barre Syndrome; Paralysis; Vaccines
PubMed: 36059144
DOI: 10.1002/mus.27711 -
Cureus Jul 2022Distal acquired demyelinating symmetric (DADS) neuropathy is a form of chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculopathy (CIDP) which can present many risks to...
Distal acquired demyelinating symmetric (DADS) neuropathy is a form of chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculopathy (CIDP) which can present many risks to patients undergoing anesthesia. There are currently no specific guidelines for the management of patients with any form of CIDP. This case report describes a 65-year-old male with DADS neuropathy who underwent elective total hip arthroplasty. General, total IV anesthesia was used in combination with other short-acting drugs and the patient endured a successful procedure with an uneventful post-operative course. This case may provide future insight into the anesthetic management of patients with similar comorbidities.
PubMed: 36051732
DOI: 10.7759/cureus.27417 -
Case Reports in Neurology 2022Guillain-Barre syndrome is an acute demyelinating polyneuropathy disease which is autoimmune in nature and usually follows gastrointestinal or respiratory infections....
Guillain-Barre syndrome is an acute demyelinating polyneuropathy disease which is autoimmune in nature and usually follows gastrointestinal or respiratory infections. Dengue fever is however not a common trigger to the condition. Here, we report a patient who developed sensory predominant demyelinating polyradiculopathy during febrile phase of dengue fever. It was later confirmed with serology test and nerve conduction study. He was successfully treated with intravenous immunoglobulin and discharged home well. The purpose of this case report is to highlight that Guillain-Barré syndrome can occur as an uncommon neurological complication of dengue fever which can occur during any phase of the illness.
PubMed: 35949203
DOI: 10.1159/000524865 -
Vaccines Jun 2022A 37-year-old woman presented with paraparesis and paresthesia in both legs 19 and 3 days after BNT162b2 vaccination and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2...
A 37-year-old woman presented with paraparesis and paresthesia in both legs 19 and 3 days after BNT162b2 vaccination and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection, respectively. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis, nerve conduction study, electromyography, magnetic resonance imaging, and autoantibody tests were performed. Neurological examination showed hyperesthesia below the T7 level and markedly impaired bilateral leg weakness with absent deep tendon reflexes on the knees and ankles. CSF examination revealed polymorphonuclear dominant pleocytosis and elevated total protein levels. Enhancement of the pia mater in the lumbar spinal cord and positive sharp waves in the lumbar paraspinal muscles indicated infectious polyradiculitis. In contrast, a high signal intensity of intramedullary spinal cord on a T2-weighted image from C1 to conus medullaris and positive anti-aquaporin-4 antibody confirmed neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD). The patient received intravenous methylprednisolone, antiviral agents, and antibiotics, followed by a tapering dose of oral prednisolone and azathioprine. Two months after treatment, she was ambulatory without assistance. The dual pathomechanism of NMOSD triggered by coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccination and polyradiculitis caused by SARS-CoV-2 infection may have caused atypical clinical findings in our patient. Therefore, physicians should remain alert and avoid overlooking the possibilities of diverse mechanisms associated with neurological manifestations after SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19 vaccination.
PubMed: 35891192
DOI: 10.3390/vaccines10071028 -
Neurology. Clinical Practice Jun 2022The purpose of this review is to give an update on chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy (CIDP).
PURPOSE OF REVIEW
The purpose of this review is to give an update on chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy (CIDP).
RECENT FINDINGS
There are several recent developments in CIDP, the major one being the 2021 second revision of the European Academy of Neurology/Peripheral Nerve Society guideline on diagnosis and treatment of chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy. Other updates address therapy in CIDP, antibodies, serum neurofilament light chain, chronic immune sensory polyradiculopathy (CISP) and CIDP mimics.
SUMMARY
CIDP criteria continue to be refined and some disorders are now excluded from the classification. Treatment options are expending and promising biomarkers are being studied.
PubMed: 35747539
DOI: 10.1212/CPJ.0000000000001150 -
Internal Medicine (Tokyo, Japan) Jan 2023
Topics: Humans; Sarcoidosis; Central Nervous System Diseases
PubMed: 35705277
DOI: 10.2169/internalmedicine.9794-22 -
Case Reports in Neurology 2022Bariatric surgery is used as a treatment for morbid obesity and often results in rapid weight loss. This procedure has been associated with postoperative nutritional...
Bariatric surgery is used as a treatment for morbid obesity and often results in rapid weight loss. This procedure has been associated with postoperative nutritional deficiencies. Neurological complications due to nutritional deficiencies include Wernicke encephalopathy, a disorder that affects the central and peripheral nervous system due to thiamine (vitamin B1) deficiency. Wernicke encephalopathy can lead to irreversible consequences if not treated early. Here, we present a case of a 40-year-old woman that developed Wernicke encephalopathy 2 months after gastric bypass surgery, with additional findings of flat affect and concurrent polyradiculopathy. Her diagnosis was delayed due to unique symptoms and an initial workup with negative imaging findings, making the identification of this disorder more complex.
PubMed: 35530375
DOI: 10.1159/000523707