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International Journal of Molecular... Feb 2015Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is an effective local treatment modality as a cancer-specific laser ablation in malignancy of some organs including digestive tracts or bile...
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is an effective local treatment modality as a cancer-specific laser ablation in malignancy of some organs including digestive tracts or bile duct. In Japan, PDT has been applied at the early period after the first clinical induction in 1980's. Although the useful efficacy was clarified, PDT has not been fully applied because of the phototoxicity of the porfimer sodium. The next generated talaporfin-sodium was used for PDT, in which phototoxicity was reduced and, however, the clinical efficacy for digestive tract malignancy has not yet been clarified. By proceeding the experimental and clinical trials, it is necessary to clarify the evidence of efficacy as a local powerful treatment with the conventional surgery, brachiotherapy and chemotherapy in the future step.
Topics: Carcinoma; Dihematoporphyrin Ether; Endoscopy, Gastrointestinal; Gastrointestinal Neoplasms; Humans; Japan; Lasers; Photochemotherapy; Photosensitizing Agents; Porphyrins
PubMed: 25690028
DOI: 10.3390/ijms16023434 -
Cancer Immunology, Immunotherapy : CII Mar 2015Effective therapy for advanced cancer often requires treatment of both primary tumors and systemic disease that may not be apparent at initial diagnosis. Numerous...
Effective therapy for advanced cancer often requires treatment of both primary tumors and systemic disease that may not be apparent at initial diagnosis. Numerous studies have shown that stimulation of the host immune system can result in the generation of anti-tumor immune responses capable of controlling metastatic tumor growth. Thus, there is interest in the development of combination therapies that both control primary tumor growth and stimulate anti-tumor immunity for control of metastatic disease and subsequent tumor growth. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is an FDA-approved anticancer modality that has been shown to enhance anti-tumor immunity. Augmentation of anti-tumor immunity by PDT is regimen dependent, and PDT regimens that enhance anti-tumor immunity have been defined. Unfortunately, these regimens have limited ability to control primary tumor growth. Therefore, a two-step combination therapy was devised in which a tumor-controlling PDT regimen was combined with an immune-enhancing PDT regimen. To determine whether the two-step combination therapy enhanced anti-tumor immunity, resistance to subsequent tumor challenge and T cell activation and function was measured. The ability to control distant disease was also determined. The results showed that the novel combination therapy stimulated anti-tumor immunity while retaining the ability to inhibit primary tumor growth of both murine colon (Colon26-HA) and mammary (4T1) carcinomas. The combination therapy resulted in enhanced tumor-specific T cell activation and controlled metastatic tumor growth. These results suggest that PDT may be an effective adjuvant for therapies that fail to stimulate the host anti-tumor immune response.
Topics: Animals; Antineoplastic Agents; Chlorophyll; Colonic Neoplasms; Dihematoporphyrin Ether; Female; Lymphocyte Activation; Mammary Neoplasms, Experimental; Mice; Mice, Inbred BALB C; Neoplasm Metastasis; Photochemotherapy; Photosensitizing Agents; Random Allocation; T-Lymphocytes; Transfection
PubMed: 25384911
DOI: 10.1007/s00262-014-1633-9 -
Laser Therapy Sep 2014In Japan the rise in the average life expectancy has caused an increase in the proportion of the population who are classed as geriatric. Accordingly, the number of...
BACKGROUND AND AIMS
In Japan the rise in the average life expectancy has caused an increase in the proportion of the population who are classed as geriatric. Accordingly, the number of elderly people being treated for cancer is increasing concomitantly. However, with the increase in age, the numbers of prior complications also increase. This is especially so in the advanced-aged patients, defined in Japan as those over the age of 85. Such complications may be too high risk for radical surgery and a less invasive treatment is warranted. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a noninvasive treatment approved by the Japanese National Health Insurance for the treatment of early stage superficial type esophageal and gastric cancers, early stage uterine cervical cancers and dysplasia, and early and advanced lung cancer. We report herein on the efficacy of palliative PDT using talaporfin sodium (Laserphyrin(®)) for a case of inoperable gastric cancer.
MATERIAL AND METHODS
The patient was an 87-year-old-man, a diabetic with histories of diabetic nephropathy, cerebral infarction and myocardial infarction. This patient was first diagnosed as having gastric cancer in 2007 but surgery and chemotherapy were contraindicated due to his poor physical status and poor renal function, respectively, owing to the anticipated side effects. The patient was referred to our institution after hearing of PDT in 2009. He was treated with 1 course of porfimer sodium PDT and 3 courses of talaporfin sodium PDT with photodynamic diagnosis (PDD) during the period from September, 2009 to June, 2011.
RESULTS
The massive gastric cancer located in the cardia was successfully treated with 4 PDT sessions without any serious complications; therefore the patient was able to orally ingest food until his death due to natural causes other than the cancer, in October, 2011.
CONCLUSION
Talaporfin sodium PDT is safe and effective treatment for advanced-aged patients suffering from inoperable gastric cancer.
PubMed: 25368446
DOI: 10.5978/islsm.14-OR-16 -
Journal of Medicinal Chemistry Sep 2014Two Ru(II) polypyridyl complexes, Ru(DIP)2(bdt) (1) and [Ru(dqpCO2Me)(ptpy)](2+) (2) (DIP = 4,7-diphenyl-1,10-phenanthroline, bdt = 1,2-benzenedithiolate, dqpCO2Me =...
Two Ru(II) polypyridyl complexes, Ru(DIP)2(bdt) (1) and [Ru(dqpCO2Me)(ptpy)](2+) (2) (DIP = 4,7-diphenyl-1,10-phenanthroline, bdt = 1,2-benzenedithiolate, dqpCO2Me = 4-methylcarboxy-2,6-di(quinolin-8-yl)pyridine), ptpy = 4'-phenyl-2,2':6',2″-terpyridine) have been investigated as photosensitizers (PSs) for photodynamic therapy (PDT). In our experimental settings, the phototoxicity and phototoxic index (PI) of 2 (IC50(light): 25.3 μM, 420 nm, 6.95 J/cm(2); PI >4) and particularly of 1 (IC50(light): 0.62 μM, 420 nm, 6.95 J/cm(2); PI: 80) are considerably superior compared to the two clinically approved PSs porfimer sodium and 5-aminolevulinic acid. Cellular uptake and distribution of these complexes was investigated by confocal microscopy (1) and by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (1 and 2). Their phototoxicity was also determined against the Gram-(+) Staphylococcus aureus and Gram-(-) Escherichia coli for potential antimicrobial PDT (aPDT) applications. Both complexes showed significant aPDT activity (420 nm, 8 J/cm(2)) against Gram-(+) (S. aureus; >6 log10 CFU reduction) and, for 2, also against Gram-(-) E. coli (>4 log10 CFU reduction).
Topics: Cell Line; Cell Survival; Coordination Complexes; Escherichia coli; HeLa Cells; Humans; Light; Microbial Viability; Microscopy, Confocal; Models, Chemical; Molecular Structure; Photochemotherapy; Photosensitizing Agents; Ruthenium; Staphylococcus aureus
PubMed: 25121347
DOI: 10.1021/jm500566f