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Noise & HealthNoise pollution in the operating room can have adverse effects on the physical and mental well-being of patients. Since the mid-20th century, music therapy has been...
BACKGROUND
Noise pollution in the operating room can have adverse effects on the physical and mental well-being of patients. Since the mid-20th century, music therapy has been increasingly used in clinical practice. Soothing music has a beneficial effect in maintaining the efficacy of intraoperative sedation and regulating patients' emotions.
OBJECTIVE
To investigate the effects of soothing music on the intraoperative management of patients undergoing tension-free herniorrhaphy.
METHODS
We retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of 244 patients who underwent open tension-free herniorrhaphy under local anesthesia at the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University from June 2019 to May 2021. According to the different included time periods, the hospital implemented soothing music management from June 2020 to May 2021, and 110 patients admitted during this period were classified as the study group. One hundred thirty-four patients who underwent clinical routine management from June 2019 to May 2020 were classified as the control group. The patients in the two groups received corresponding management modes during surgery. The perioperative indicators, stress response, anxiety, depression, and clinical efficacy of the two groups were analyzed.
RESULTS
No significant differences in the operative time, intraoperative blood loss, postoperative off-bed activity time, and hospitalization time between the two groups (P > 0.05). The study group exhibited lower postoperative cortisol (213.30 (203.40, 229.00) nmol/L) and anxiety (9.00 (7.00, 12.00) points) levels than the control group (246.85 (230.50, 258.40) nmol/L; 14.00 (12.00, 15.00) points) (P < 0.001). Moreover, no significant differences were noted in the norepinephrine and depression levels and the severity of illness, global improvement, and efficacy index scores between the two groups (P > 0.05).
CONCLUSION
Soothing music therapy, as a clinical auxiliary method, has a positive impact on the intraoperative management of patients undergoing open tension-free herniorrhaphy, leading to reduced cortisol levels and alleviation of anxiety.
Topics: Humans; Retrospective Studies; Female; Male; Middle Aged; Music Therapy; Adult; Herniorrhaphy; Anxiety; Aged; Hydrocortisone; Intraoperative Care; Stress, Psychological; Operating Rooms
PubMed: 38904823
DOI: 10.4103/nah.nah_5_24 -
International Journal of Medical... 2024Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), which are capable of differentiating into osteoblasts, are used in effective regenerative therapies. MSCs must be...
Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), which are capable of differentiating into osteoblasts, are used in effective regenerative therapies. MSCs must be prompted to differentiate into osteoblasts for MSC transplantation to be effective. In this study, osteoblast differentiation markers involved in bone formation were evaluated to investigate the stress resistance of bone marrow-derived rat MSCs to dexamethasone and hypoxia and their ability to differentiate into osteoblasts. MSCs were allowed to differentiate into osteoblasts for 21 days in three different environments (dexamethasone treatment, hypoxic conditions [1% oxygen], or both). Osteoblast differentiation potential was evaluated according to alkaline phosphatase levels and a mineralisation assay. Immunofluorescence staining was used to determine the protein expression of the osteoblast differentiation markers type I collagen and osteopontin. MSCs differentiated into osteoblasts under hypoxic conditions but differentiated more slowly upon treatment with dexamethasone and dexamethasone plus hypoxia relative to the control. MSCs preconditioned with dexamethasone or hypoxia and then allowed to differentiate into osteoblasts under similar conditions differentiated comparably to control MSCs. MSCs that developed resistance to dexamethasone or hypoxia differentiated more quickly into osteoblasts than those that did not. The findings suggest that increasing the resistance of MSCs to stress by preconditioning them via dexamethasone or hypoxia exposure could result in more rapid differentiation into osteoblasts following transplantation.
Topics: Dexamethasone; Mesenchymal Stem Cells; Animals; Osteoblasts; Cell Differentiation; Rats; Cell Hypoxia; Osteogenesis; Cells, Cultured; Alkaline Phosphatase; Humans; Mesenchymal Stem Cell Transplantation; Collagen Type I; Male
PubMed: 38903930
DOI: 10.7150/ijms.91222 -
Scientific Reports Jun 2024Previous studies showed tacrolimus monotherapy and dual therapy with tacrolimus and prednisone as effective treatment modalities in managing membranous nephropathy.... (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study
Previous studies showed tacrolimus monotherapy and dual therapy with tacrolimus and prednisone as effective treatment modalities in managing membranous nephropathy. However, few studies have compared these therapeutic regimens. The patients were divided into two groups based on the treatment regimen: (1) tacrolimus and prednisone dual therapy (T + P group, n = 67) treatment group; and (2) tacrolimus monotherapy (T group, n = 65) or the control group. Propensity matching method and subgroup analysis to eliminate the bias in the relationship between the treatment regimen and the outcomes. The mean remission times were 20.33 ± 2.75 weeks at T group and 9.50 ± 1.81 weeks at T + P group. The T group had a remission rates of 73.33, 76.66 and 66.66% at 12weeks, 24weeks and 48weeks, while the T + P group had a remission rate of 81.66, 86.66, 91.66%; At the follow-up of 48 weeks, the relapse rate for the T group was 21.66%, and that for the T + P group was 5%. The anti-PLA2R ab is positive and therapy may be the independent risk factors for predicting remission. Tacrolimus and low-dose prednisone dual therapy is efficacious in managing MN and lowers the recurrence rate in clinical practice.
Topics: Humans; Tacrolimus; Glomerulonephritis, Membranous; Prednisone; Male; Female; Middle Aged; Retrospective Studies; Drug Therapy, Combination; Immunosuppressive Agents; Adult; Treatment Outcome; Aged; Remission Induction
PubMed: 38902302
DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-64661-w -
Clinics (Sao Paulo, Brazil) 2024Despite strong evidences supporting the protective role of exercise against stress-induced repercussions, the literature remains inconclusive regarding metabolic...
INTRODUCTION
Despite strong evidences supporting the protective role of exercise against stress-induced repercussions, the literature remains inconclusive regarding metabolic aspects. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the effect of Physical Training (PT) by swimming on the metabolic parameters of rats subjected to restraint stress.
METHODS
Wistar rats (n = 40) were divided into four groups: Control (C), Trained (T), Stressed (S), and Trained/Stressed (TS). The restraint stress protocol involved confining the animals in PVC pipes for 60 minutes/day for 12 weeks. Concurrently, the swimming PT protocol was performed without additional load in entailed sessions of 60 minutes conducted five days a week for the same duration. The following parameters were analyzed: fitness progression assessed by the physical capacity test, body mass, serum level of glucose, triglyceride, cholesterol and corticosterone, as well as glycemic tolerance test, evaluated after glucose administration (2 g/kg, i.p.).
RESULTS
Trained groups (T and TS) exhibited enhanced physical capacity (169 ± 21 and 162 ± 22% increase, respectively) compared to untrained groups (C: 9 ± 5 and S: 11 ± 13% increase). Corticosterone levels were significantly higher in the S group (335 ± 9 nmoL/L) compared to C (141 ± 3 nmoL/L), T (174 ± 3 nmoL/L) and TS (231 ± 7 nmoL/L), which did not differ from each other. There were no significant changes in serum glucose, cholesterol, and triglyceride levels among the groups. However, the glycemic curve after glucose loading revealed increased glycemia in the S group (area under curve 913 ± 30 AU) but the TS group exhibited values (673 ± 12 AU) similar to the groups C (644 ± 10 AU) and T (649 ± 9 AU).
CONCLUSION
Swimming-based training attenuated stress-induced corticosterone release and prevented glucose intolerance in rats, reinforcing the importance of exercise as a potential strategy to mitigate the pathophysiological effects of stress.
Topics: Animals; Rats, Wistar; Physical Conditioning, Animal; Male; Restraint, Physical; Corticosterone; Blood Glucose; Swimming; Stress, Psychological; Cholesterol; Rats; Triglycerides; Time Factors; Glucose Tolerance Test; Random Allocation; Metabolome
PubMed: 38901134
DOI: 10.1016/j.clinsp.2024.100411 -
PloS One 2024Short and long-term sound-induced stress on daily basis can affect the physiology of avian individuals because they are more susceptible to sound stress in an open...
UNLABELLED
Short and long-term sound-induced stress on daily basis can affect the physiology of avian individuals because they are more susceptible to sound stress in an open environment.
OBJECTIVES
An ex-situ study was carried out to determine the impact of noise on physiology and ptilochronology of non-breeding male domesticated quail birds.
METHODOLOGY
During 60-days long trial, male quail birds, aged 5-weeks, weighing (c.100gm) were used. Out of 72 experimental birds, 18 birds were assigned to the Control Group (G1) while remaining 54 birds were divided equally into 3 treatment groups: Road Traffic noise (G2), Military activity noise (G3) and Human Activities noise (G4). Birds were housed in standard-sized separate cages (20 ×45 × 20 cm), every bird was kept apart in separate cage in open laboratory under maintained environmental conditions. Millet seeds and water were provided to all the experimental birds ad libitum. Noise originated from several sources of recorded high-intensity music (1125 Hz/ 90 dB), was administered for 5-6 hours per day. Observations were recorded in the morning and afternoon. The experiment was conducted during the non-breeding season from August to October in triplicate. Blood sampling was done after 60 days.
RESULTS
According to the current study, noise stress significantly (p<0.05) increased the concentrations of creatinine, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), bilirubin, uric acid, cholesterol, triglycerides, total protein, and glucose while a decline in the levels of albumin was seen in treatment birds of G3. While in terms of hematology, total white blood cells count (TWBC), total red blood cells count (TRBC), mean cell volume (MCV) & packed cell volume (PCV) concentrations were raised in blood of treatment birds of G3. In terms of hormones, noise stress significantly (p<0.05) increased the serum concentrations of Corticosterone in G3 while a significant (p<0.05) decline was observed in the concentrations of luteinizing hormone (LH), thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), and follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) in the same group. Moreover, fault bar formation in G3 was more prominent than others.
CONCLUSION
Noise stress can significantly affect serology, hematology, hormonal physiology and ptilochronology in quail birds.
Topics: Animals; Male; Noise; Stress, Physiological; Quail; Corticosterone
PubMed: 38900819
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0305091 -
Annals of Medicine Dec 2024Microscopic colitis has been increasingly recognized as a cause of chronic diarrhoea. We aimed to characterize the role of disease-related factors and treatments on the...
BACKGROUND AND AIMS
Microscopic colitis has been increasingly recognized as a cause of chronic diarrhoea. We aimed to characterize the role of disease-related factors and treatments on the clinical outcomes of microscopic colitis.
METHODS
We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of patients with microscopic colitis who were treated at the University of Chicago and Oregon Health & Science University between August 2010 and May 2016. Patient characteristics and treatments were evaluated as predictors of clinical outcomes using univariate and multivariate analyses. Clinical remission was defined as no symptoms associated with microscopic colitis based on physician assessment and histologic remission was defined as no evidence of histological inflammation of microscopic colitis.
RESULTS
Seventy-two patients with microscopic colitis were included in the study (28 with lymphocytic colitis and 44 with collagenous colitis). Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, proton pump inhibitors and selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors were used in 23 (31.9%), 14 (19.4%) and 15 (20.8%), respectively, at the time of diagnosis. Among 46 patients with adequate follow-up data, 25 (54.3%) patients achieved clinical remission. Response to budesonide ( = .0002) and achieving histologic remission ( = .0008) were associated with clinical remission on univariate analysis. On multivariate analysis, budesonide response ( = .0052) was associated with clinical remission (odds ratio 25.00, 95% confidence interval 2.63-238.10). Among 22 patients who underwent a follow-up colonoscopy, five patients (22.7%) achieved histologic remission. All patients with histologic remission maintained clinical remission without medication, whereas only two patients (11.8%) were able to discontinue medical therapy when histologic inflammation was present ( = .0002).
CONCLUSIONS
In the present cohort of patients with microscopic colitis, a favourable response to budesonide was significantly associated with long-term clinical remission, and all patients achieving histological remission were able to maintain clinical remission without further medical therapy. Larger studies are required to confirm these findings.
Topics: Humans; Male; Female; Middle Aged; Retrospective Studies; Aged; Colitis, Microscopic; Budesonide; Treatment Outcome; Adult; Remission Induction; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Proton Pump Inhibitors; Colitis, Lymphocytic; Colitis, Collagenous; Colonoscopy
PubMed: 38900021
DOI: 10.1080/07853890.2024.2365989 -
Translational Vision Science &... Jun 2024To compare gene expression changes following branch retinal vein occlusion (BRVO) in the pig with and without bevacizumab (BEV) and triamcinolone acetonide (TA).
PURPOSE
To compare gene expression changes following branch retinal vein occlusion (BRVO) in the pig with and without bevacizumab (BEV) and triamcinolone acetonide (TA).
METHODS
Photothrombotic BRVOs were created in both eyes of four groups of nine pigs (2, 6, 10, and 20 days). In each group, six pigs received intravitreal injections of BEV in one eye and TA in the fellow eye, with three pigs serving as untreated BRVO controls. Three untreated pigs served as healthy controls. Expression of mRNA of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), dystrophin (DMD), potassium inwardly rectifying channel subfamily J member 10 protein (Kir4.1, KCNJ10), aquaporin-4 (AQP4), stromal cell-derived factor-1α (CXCL12), interleukin-6 (IL6), interleukin-8 (IL8), monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (CCL2), intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM1), and heat shock factor 1 (HSF1) were analyzed by quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction. Retinal VEGF protein levels were characterized by immunohistochemistry.
RESULTS
In untreated eyes, BRVO significantly increased expression of GFAP, IL8, CCL2, ICAM1, HSF1, and AQP4. Expression of VEGF, KCNJ10, and CXCL12 was significantly reduced by 6 days post-BRVO, with expression recovering to healthy control levels by day 20. Treatment with BEV or TA significantly increased VEGF, DMD, and IL6 expression compared with untreated BRVO eyes and suppressed BRVO-induced CCL2 and AQP4 upregulation, as well as recovery of KCNJ10 expression, at 10 to 20 days post-BRVO.
CONCLUSIONS
Inflammation and cellular osmohomeostasis rather than VEGF suppression appear to play important roles in BRVO-induced retinal neurodegeneration, enhanced in both BEV- and TA-treated retinas.
TRANSLATIONAL RELEVANCE
Inner retinal neurodegeneration seen in this acute model of BRVO appears to be mediated by inflammation and alterations in osmohomeostasis rather than VEGF inhibition, which may have implications for more specific treatment modalities in the acute phase of BRVO.
Topics: Animals; Bevacizumab; Triamcinolone Acetonide; Retinal Vein Occlusion; Disease Models, Animal; Angiogenesis Inhibitors; Cytokines; Intravitreal Injections; Swine; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; RNA, Messenger; Glucocorticoids; Gene Expression Regulation; Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein; Potassium Channels, Inwardly Rectifying
PubMed: 38899953
DOI: 10.1167/tvst.13.6.13 -
The New England Journal of Medicine Jun 2024The identification of oncogenic mutations in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) has led to the development of drugs that target essential survival pathways, but...
BACKGROUND
The identification of oncogenic mutations in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) has led to the development of drugs that target essential survival pathways, but whether targeting multiple survival pathways may be curative in DLBCL is unknown.
METHODS
We performed a single-center, phase 1b-2 study of a regimen of venetoclax, ibrutinib, prednisone, obinutuzumab, and lenalidomide (ViPOR) in relapsed or refractory DLBCL. In phase 1b, which included patients with DLBCL and indolent lymphomas, four dose levels of venetoclax were evaluated to identify the recommended phase 2 dose, with fixed doses of the other four drugs. A phase 2 expansion in patients with germinal-center B-cell (GCB) and non-GCB DLBCL was performed. ViPOR was administered every 21 days for six cycles.
RESULTS
In phase 1b of the study, involving 20 patients (10 with DLBCL), a single dose-limiting toxic effect of grade 3 intracranial hemorrhage occurred, a result that established venetoclax at a dose of 800 mg as the recommended phase 2 dose. Phase 2 included 40 patients with DLBCL. Toxic effects that were observed among all the patients included grade 3 or 4 neutropenia (in 24% of the cycles), thrombocytopenia (in 23%), anemia (in 7%), and febrile neutropenia (in 1%). Objective responses occurred in 54% of 48 evaluable patients with DLBCL, and complete responses occurred in 38%; complete responses were exclusively in patients with non-GCB DLBCL and high-grade B-cell lymphoma with rearrangements of and or (or both). Circulating tumor DNA was undetectable in 33% of the patients at the end of ViPOR therapy. With a median follow-up of 40 months, 2-year progression-free survival and overall survival were 34% (95% confidence interval [CI], 21 to 47) and 36% (95% CI, 23 to 49), respectively.
CONCLUSIONS
Treatment with ViPOR was associated with durable remissions in patients with specific molecular DLBCL subtypes and was associated with mainly reversible adverse events. (Funded by the Intramural Research Program of the National Cancer Institute and the National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences of the National Institutes of Health and others; ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT03223610.).
Topics: Humans; Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse; Female; Middle Aged; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols; Sulfonamides; Aged; Male; Bridged Bicyclo Compounds, Heterocyclic; Lenalidomide; Piperidines; Adult; Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized; Prednisone; Adenine; Aged, 80 and over; Recurrence; Pyrazoles; Pyrimidines; Molecular Targeted Therapy; Progression-Free Survival
PubMed: 38899693
DOI: 10.1056/NEJMoa2401532 -
Biological & Pharmaceutical Bulletin 2024Although carboplatin (CBDCA) is classified as a moderately emetogenic agent, the majority of guidelines recommend the use of a neurokinin-1 receptor antagonist in...
Although carboplatin (CBDCA) is classified as a moderately emetogenic agent, the majority of guidelines recommend the use of a neurokinin-1 receptor antagonist in addition to a 5-hydroxytryptamine type 3 receptor antagonist with dexamethasone (DEX) for CBDCA-containing chemotherapy because of its higher emetogenic risk. However, the additional efficacy of aprepitant (APR) in CBDCA-containing treatment remains controversial, and data on multiple-day treatments are limited. Etoposide (ETP) was administered on days 1-3 in the CBDCA + ETP regimen, and it is important to evaluate suitable antiemetic therapy for the regimen. Therefore, we evaluated the efficacy of additional APR in CBDCA + ETP. Patients were divided into two groups and retrospectively evaluated. One was the control group, which was prophylactically administered palonosetron (PALO) and DEX, and the other was the APR group, which received APR orally with PALO and DEX. The primary endpoint was complete response (CR) between the groups. The overall CR rates were 75.0 and 76.4% in the control and APR groups, respectively, with no significant difference (p = 1.00). In the acute phase, it was 88.9 and 97.2%, respectively, and 86.1 and 79.2% in the delayed phase, respectively, without significant differences (p = 0.10 and 0.38, respectively). The incidence and severity of nausea, vomiting, and anorexia were not significantly different between the two groups in the acute and delayed phases. Our findings suggest that combining APR with PALO and DEX does not improve the CR rate in CBDCA + ETP therapy.
Topics: Aprepitant; Carboplatin; Humans; Dexamethasone; Palonosetron; Male; Etoposide; Antiemetics; Female; Middle Aged; Vomiting; Aged; Nausea; Retrospective Studies; Adult; Drug Therapy, Combination; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols; Quinuclidines; Morpholines; Antineoplastic Agents; Isoquinolines; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 38897969
DOI: 10.1248/bpb.b24-00046 -
International Journal of Molecular... Jun 2024The increasing demand placed on professional athletes to enhance their fitness and performance has prompted the search for new, more sensitive biomarkers of...
The increasing demand placed on professional athletes to enhance their fitness and performance has prompted the search for new, more sensitive biomarkers of physiological ability. One such potential biomarker includes microRNA (miRNA) small regulatory RNA sequences. The study investigated the levels of the selected circulating miRNAs before and after a 10-week training cycle in 12 professional female volleyball players, as well as their association with cortisol, creatine kinase (CK), and interleukin 6 (IL-6), using the qPCR technique. Significant decreases in the miR-22 (0.40 ± 0.1 vs. 0.28 ± 0.12, = 0.009), miR-17 (0.35 ± 0.13 vs. 0.23 ± 0.08; = 0.039), miR-24 (0.09 ± 0.04 vs. 0.05 ± 0.02; = 0.001), and miR-26a (0.11 ± 0.06 vs. 0.06 ± 0.04; = 0.003) levels were observed after training, alongside reduced levels of cortisol and IL-6. The correlation analysis revealed associations between the miRNAs' relative quantity and the CK concentrations, highlighting their potential role in the muscle repair processes. The linear regression analysis indicated that miR-24 and miR-26a had the greatest impact on the CK levels. The study provides insights into the dynamic changes in the miRNA levels during training, suggesting their potential as biomarkers for monitoring the adaptive responses to exercise. Overall, the findings contribute to a better understanding of the physiological effects of exercise and the potential use of miRNAs, especially miR-24 and miR-26a, as biomarkers in sports science and medicine.
Topics: Humans; Female; Circulating MicroRNA; Volleyball; Biomarkers; Creatine Kinase; Athletes; Adult; Interleukin-6; Hydrocortisone; Adaptation, Physiological; Young Adult; MicroRNAs
PubMed: 38892295
DOI: 10.3390/ijms25116107