-
European Heart Journal. Case Reports Apr 2024
PubMed: 38572020
DOI: 10.1093/ehjcr/ytae132 -
Revista Brasileira de Enfermagem 2023to develop and analyze evidence of content validity of educational videos about bathing newborns in bed in a neonatal unit.
OBJECTIVE
to develop and analyze evidence of content validity of educational videos about bathing newborns in bed in a neonatal unit.
METHOD
applied and methodological research, carried out from December/2020 to February/2022, in three phases: pre-production, production, post-production. Validity was carried out by nurses specializing in social communication and nursing professionals, including the Brazilian Sign Language and assessment by nursing students. The Content Validity Index and Cronbach's alpha above 0.8 were considered for analysis.
RESULTS
the videos were entitled "Best practices: bathing newborns in the heated crib" and "Best practices: bathing newborns in the incubator", lasting seven minutes each, divided into six scenes that demonstrated the approach to parents, environment and material organization, preparing newborns, bathing and after-bath care.
CONCLUSION
the videos will support permanent education processes, academic training and professional training in nursing.
Topics: Humans; Infant, Newborn; Parents; Video Recording; Patient Education as Topic; Baths
PubMed: 38558032
DOI: 10.1590/0034-7167-2022-0778 -
JMIR Medical Informatics Apr 2024Triage is the process of accurately assessing patients' symptoms and providing them with proper clinical treatment in the emergency department (ED). While many countries...
BACKGROUND
Triage is the process of accurately assessing patients' symptoms and providing them with proper clinical treatment in the emergency department (ED). While many countries have developed their triage process to stratify patients' clinical severity and thus distribute medical resources, there are still some limitations of the current triage process. Since the triage level is mainly identified by experienced nurses based on a mix of subjective and objective criteria, mis-triage often occurs in the ED. It can not only cause adverse effects on patients, but also impose an undue burden on the health care delivery system.
OBJECTIVE
Our study aimed to design a prediction system based on triage information, including demographics, vital signs, and chief complaints. The proposed system can not only handle heterogeneous data, including tabular data and free-text data, but also provide interpretability for better acceptance by the ED staff in the hospital.
METHODS
In this study, we proposed a system comprising 3 subsystems, with each of them handling a single task, including triage level prediction, hospitalization prediction, and length of stay prediction. We used a large amount of retrospective data to pretrain the model, and then, we fine-tuned the model on a prospective data set with a golden label. The proposed deep learning framework was built with TabNet and MacBERT (Chinese version of bidirectional encoder representations from transformers [BERT]).
RESULTS
The performance of our proposed model was evaluated on data collected from the National Taiwan University Hospital (901 patients were included). The model achieved promising results on the collected data set, with accuracy values of 63%, 82%, and 71% for triage level prediction, hospitalization prediction, and length of stay prediction, respectively.
CONCLUSIONS
Our system improved the prediction of 3 different medical outcomes when compared with other machine learning methods. With the pretrained vital sign encoder and repretrained mask language modeling MacBERT encoder, our multimodality model can provide a deeper insight into the characteristics of electronic health records. Additionally, by providing interpretability, we believe that the proposed system can assist nursing staff and physicians in taking appropriate medical decisions.
PubMed: 38557661
DOI: 10.2196/48862 -
Epilepsia Open Jun 2024Myotonia is a clinical sign typical of a group of skeletal muscle channelopathies, the non-dystrophic myotonias. These disorders are electrophysiologically characterized...
OBJECTIVES
Myotonia is a clinical sign typical of a group of skeletal muscle channelopathies, the non-dystrophic myotonias. These disorders are electrophysiologically characterized by altered membrane excitability, due to specific genetic variants in known causative genes (CLCN1 and SCN4A). Juvenile Myoclonic Epilepsy (JME) is an epileptic syndrome identified as idiopathic generalized epilepsy, its genetics is complex and still unclarified. The co-occurrence of these two phenotypes is rare and the causes likely have a genetic background. In this study, we have genetically investigated an Italian family in which co-segregates myotonia, JME, or abnormal EEG without seizures was observed.
METHODS
All six individuals of the family, 4 affected and 2 unaffected, were clinically evaluated; EMG and EEG examinations were performed. For genetic testing, Exome Sequencing was performed for the six family members and Sanger sequencing was used to confirm the candidate variant.
RESULTS
Four family members, the mother and three siblings, were affected by myotonia. Moreover, EEG recordings revealed interictal generalized sharp-wave discharges in all affected individuals, and two siblings were affected by JME. All four affected members share the same identified variant, c.644 T > C, p.Ile215Thr, in SCN4A gene. Variants that could account for the epileptic phenotype alone, separately from the myotonic one, were not identified.
SIGNIFICANCE
These results provide supporting evidence that both myotonic and epileptic phenotypes could share a common genetic background, due to variants in SCN4A gene. SCN4A pathogenic variants, already known to be causative of myotonia, likely increase the susceptibility to epilepsy in our family.
PLAIN LANGUAGE SUMMARY
This study analyzed all members of an Italian family, in which the mother and three siblings had myotonia and epilepsy. Genetic analysis allowed to identify a variant in the SCN4A gene, which appears to be the cause of both clinical signs in this family.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Electroencephalography; Epilepsy, Generalized; Italy; Myotonia; NAV1.4 Voltage-Gated Sodium Channel; Pedigree; Phenotype
PubMed: 38544349
DOI: 10.1002/epi4.12920 -
Design of Network-on-Chip-Based Restricted Coulomb Energy Neural Network Accelerator on FPGA Device.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) Mar 2024Sensor applications in internet of things (IoT) systems, coupled with artificial intelligence (AI) technology, are becoming an increasingly significant part of modern...
Sensor applications in internet of things (IoT) systems, coupled with artificial intelligence (AI) technology, are becoming an increasingly significant part of modern life. For low-latency AI computation in IoT systems, there is a growing preference for edge-based computing over cloud-based alternatives. The restricted coulomb energy neural network (RCE-NN) is a machine learning algorithm well-suited for implementation on edge devices due to its simple learning and recognition scheme. In addition, because the RCE-NN generates neurons as needed, it is easy to adjust the network structure and learn additional data. Therefore, the RCE-NN can provide edge-based real-time processing for various sensor applications. However, previous RCE-NN accelerators have limited scalability when the number of neurons increases. In this paper, we propose a network-on-chip (NoC)-based RCE-NN accelerator and present the results of implementation on a field-programmable gate array (FPGA). NoC is an effective solution for managing massive interconnections. The proposed RCE-NN accelerator utilizes a hierarchical-star (H-star) topology, which efficiently handles a large number of neurons, along with routers specifically designed for the RCE-NN. These approaches result in only a slight decrease in the maximum operating frequency as the number of neurons increases. Consequently, the maximum operating frequency of the proposed RCE-NN accelerator with 512 neurons increased by 126.1% compared to a previous RCE-NN accelerator. This enhancement was verified with two datasets for gas and sign language recognition, achieving accelerations of up to 54.8% in learning time and up to 45.7% in recognition time. The NoC scheme of the proposed RCE-NN accelerator is an appropriate solution to ensure the scalability of the neural network while providing high-performance on-chip learning and recognition.
PubMed: 38544154
DOI: 10.3390/s24061891 -
Global Pediatric Health 2024. This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of 3 interventions-skit video, pictorial, and sign language-in improving the oral hygiene of children with hearing...
. This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of 3 interventions-skit video, pictorial, and sign language-in improving the oral hygiene of children with hearing impairment. . Sixty children randomly divided into 3 groups: Skit video, Pictorial, and Sign language. The mean gingival and Oral Hygiene Index scores were recorded before and after interventions. A 1-way ANOVA was used for statistically significant difference between pre and post intervention scores. . A significant difference in mean oral hygiene and gingival index scores before and after interventions was found in Group A ( < .005). A statistically significant difference was also found between group A and B in inter group comparison of OHI and GI scores post intervention ( < .004). . Skit video and pictorial intervention effectively improves oral health resulting in reduced mean oral hygiene and gingival scores.
PubMed: 38529336
DOI: 10.1177/2333794X241240302 -
Medical History Jan 2024This essay argues that scrofula was one of several disorders, including gout, rickets, and venereal disease, that were 'rebranded' as hereditary in response to broader...
This essay argues that scrofula was one of several disorders, including gout, rickets, and venereal disease, that were 'rebranded' as hereditary in response to broader cultural changes that took place during the Restoration and eighteenth century in England. While the purposes of scrofula's recategorisation were more political than medical, they resulted in this heretofore relatively obscure childhood ailment assuming a new prominence within both medical and popular discourses of the period. Scrofula became both emblem and proof of the links between sexual promiscuity, financial profligacy, and physiological degeneration, its symbolic status reinforced by the legal and moral language used to model processes of hereditary transmission. By likening the inheritance of scrofula to the inheritance of original sin-or, more commonly, to the inheritance of a 'docked entail' or damaged estate-eighteenth-century writers and artists not only made this non-inherited ailment into a sign of catastrophic hereditary decline; they also paved the way for scrofula to be identified as a disease of aristocratic vice, even though its association with crowded, unsanitary living conditions likely made it more common among the poor. By the same token, financial models of disease inheritance facilitated a bias toward paternal transmission, with scrofula often portrayed as passing, like a title or an estate, from father to son rather than from mother to daughter.
Topics: Humans; Child; Tuberculosis, Lymph Node; England; Sexually Transmitted Diseases
PubMed: 38486500
DOI: 10.1017/mdh.2023.37 -
Journal of Deaf Studies and Deaf... Jun 2024This article explores the interpreter's role and approaches to working with deaf students as seen from deaf individuals' and interpreters' perspectives. A group of 41...
This article explores the interpreter's role and approaches to working with deaf students as seen from deaf individuals' and interpreters' perspectives. A group of 41 formerly mainstreamed deaf individuals and interpreters offered insights into how the interpreter's role in mainstream classrooms influences deaf student autonomy and participation. This research illustrates the significance of autonomy for mainstreamed deaf students and suggests a correlation between the interpreter's role and deaf students' perceived autonomy in the classroom. In addition, the findings suggest that deaf students do not always know what an interpreter is supposed to do in K-12 classrooms. This study also finds that educational team members do not always explicitly communicate their roles and responsibilities to deaf students, leading to confusion that impacts their autonomy and overall experience. Finally, this research finds that deaf students are not trained with the ability to negotiate and renegotiate the interpreter's role. This article concludes with considerations and recommendations for deaf education and interpreter education communities.
Topics: Humans; Personal Autonomy; Persons With Hearing Impairments; Sign Language; Male; Female; Education of Hearing Disabled; Students; Deafness; Mainstreaming, Education; Translating; Child; Adolescent
PubMed: 38483329
DOI: 10.1093/deafed/enae009 -
Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) Feb 2024Sign language serves as the primary mode of communication for the deaf community. With technological advancements, it is crucial to develop systems capable of enhancing... (Review)
Review
Sign language serves as the primary mode of communication for the deaf community. With technological advancements, it is crucial to develop systems capable of enhancing communication between deaf and hearing individuals. This paper reviews recent state-of-the-art methods in sign language recognition, translation, and production. Additionally, we introduce a rule-based system, called , for generating synthetic datasets in Spanish Sign Language. To check the usefulness of these datasets, we conduct experiments with two state-of-the-art models based on Transformers, MarianMT and Transformer-STMC. In general, we observe that the former achieves better results (+3.7 points in the BLEU-4 metric) although the latter is up to four times faster. Furthermore, the use of pre-trained word embeddings in Spanish enhances results. The rule-based system demonstrates superior performance and efficiency compared to Transformer models in Sign Language Production tasks. Lastly, we contribute to the state of the art by releasing the generated synthetic dataset in Spanish named .
Topics: Humans; Deep Learning; Sign Language; Hearing; Communication
PubMed: 38475008
DOI: 10.3390/s24051472 -
Cureus Feb 2024Oral health is a vital part of overall health, particularly for children with special healthcare requirements. The terms "dumb" and "mute" are frequently linked with...
Oral health is a vital part of overall health, particularly for children with special healthcare requirements. The terms "dumb" and "mute" are frequently linked with the term "deaf" due to the connection between hearing loss and speech impairment. A hearing and speech-impaired child may be unable to express completely because of the communication barriers. It is important to treat special children with utmost care and safety. This case report describes the dental management of an 8-year-old special child reported with multiple carious lesions under general anesthesia as she was not well acquainted with sign language. In a hospital setting under general anesthesia (GA), all necessary treatments are carried out in a single appointment. Since it is monitored by a multi-disciplinary team it can safely provide effective care to a child with hearing impairment and mutism.
PubMed: 38455789
DOI: 10.7759/cureus.53685