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Materials (Basel, Switzerland) Jan 2023Lignin is the second-most available biopolymer in nature. In this work, lignin was employed as the carbon precursor for the one-step synthesis of sulfur-doped nanoporous...
Lignin is the second-most available biopolymer in nature. In this work, lignin was employed as the carbon precursor for the one-step synthesis of sulfur-doped nanoporous carbons. Sulfur-doped nanoporous carbons have several applications in scientific and technological sectors. In order to synthesize sulfur-doped nanoporous carbons from lignin, sodium thiosulfate was employed as a sulfurizing agent and potassium hydroxide as the activating agent to create porosity. The resultant carbons were characterized by pore textural properties, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The nanoporous carbons possess BET surface areas of 741-3626 m/g and a total pore volume of 0.5-1.74 cm/g. The BET surface area of the carbon was one of the highest that was reported for any carbon-based materials. The sulfur contents of the carbons are 1-12.6 at.%, and the key functionalities include S=C, S-C=O, and SO. The adsorption isotherms of three gases, CO, CH, and N, were measured at 298 K, with pressure up to 1 bar. In all the carbons, the adsorbed amount was highest for CO, followed by CH and N. The equilibrium uptake capacity for CO was as high as ~11 mmol/g at 298 K and 760 torr, which is likely the highest among all the porous carbon-based materials reported so far. Ideally adsorbed solution theory (IAST) was employed to calculate the selectivity for CO/N, CO/CH, and CH/N, and some of the carbons reported a very high selectivity value. The overall results suggest that these carbons can potentially be used for gas separation purposes.
PubMed: 36614794
DOI: 10.3390/ma16010455 -
Current Opinion in Obstetrics &... Feb 2023Our objective is to provide a history, rationale, and review of the use of hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) in the treatment of ovarian cancer. (Review)
Review
PURPOSE OF REVIEW
Our objective is to provide a history, rationale, and review of the use of hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) in the treatment of ovarian cancer.
RECENT FINDINGS
In the last decade, there has been an increase in the literature regarding HIPEC in the treatment of ovarian cancer. The rationale for HIPEC extends from earlier trials demonstrating improved survival using intraperitoneal chemotherapy. HIPEC provides a one-time opportunity for intraperitoneal chemotherapy at the time of cytoreduction and with the addition of hyperthermia. Cisplatin HIPEC has been demonstrated to have a survival benefit when used in the interval cytoreductive setting. In terms of safety, nephroprotection remains a key concern when administering HIPEC. Sodium thiosulfate provides nephroprotection and should be considered when performing HIPEC. Various institutions have created multidisciplinary protocols for administering HIPEC, which include operating room staff, nursing, anesthesia, pharmacy, and surgical teams.
SUMMARY
HIPEC has a role in the treatment paradigm of ovarian cancer. Currently, HIPEC is approved in the interval cytoreductive surgery setting. Further trials are needed to understand the appropriate timing, chemotherapeutic agents, and protocolization of HIPEC.
Topics: Humans; Female; Hyperthermic Intraperitoneal Chemotherapy; Hyperthermia, Induced; Ovarian Neoplasms; Combined Modality Therapy; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols
PubMed: 36595646
DOI: 10.1097/GCO.0000000000000837 -
JAAD Case Reports Jan 2023
PubMed: 36583143
DOI: 10.1016/j.jdcr.2022.10.040 -
Indian Journal of Microbiology Dec 2022The electrochemical features of the interactions of sulfur- and iron-containing compounds (ferrous sulfate, elemental sulfur, pyrite tailings, cysteine, sodium...
The electrochemical features of the interactions of sulfur- and iron-containing compounds (ferrous sulfate, elemental sulfur, pyrite tailings, cysteine, sodium thiosulfate) with a model acidophilic consortium, including the genera , , , , and , were studied. The method of cyclic voltammetry recorded redox processes at the electrode/solution interface in the presence of the studied sulfur- and iron-containing compounds. In general, the modeling consortium led to the intensification of these processes. The characteristics of the diffuse layer near the electrode/solution interface were studied using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. The introduction of microorganisms and/or substrates into the supporting electrolyte led to a decrease in the slope and can be interpreted as evidence of their effect on the diffusion part of the double layer. Its contribution decreases in favor of ion transport. All this, in general, does not contradict the assumption of cell adsorption on the electrode surface. Confocal laser scanning microscopy confirmed this assumption and showed cell adhesion to the surface. The data obtained confirm the importance of bioelectrochemical processes of the studied group of microorganisms in biotechnological processes associated with the leaching of metals from sulfide ores.
PubMed: 36458215
DOI: 10.1007/s12088-022-01034-9 -
Cancers Nov 2022We retrospectively evaluated the safety and effectiveness of an external carotid arterial sheath (ECAS) for intra-arterial chemotherapy (IACT) for locally advanced...
Initial Experience of Intra-Arterial Chemotherapy Using a Novel External Carotid Arterial Sheath System Combined with Radiotherapy and Systemic Chemotherapy for Locally Advanced Tongue Cancer.
We retrospectively evaluated the safety and effectiveness of an external carotid arterial sheath (ECAS) for intra-arterial chemotherapy (IACT) for locally advanced tongue cancer. Thirty-one patients with the Union for International Cancer Control's 8th TNM stage III-IV tongue cancer underwent IACT using the ECAS combined with RT and systemic chemotherapy with either cisplatin and fluorouracil (FP) or docetaxel, cisplatin, and fluorouracil (TPF) between October 2015 and February 2021. The ECAS was inserted retrogradely via the superficial temporal artery, and the tip was placed in the external carotid artery between the maxillary and facial arteries. A microcatheter was inserted into each tumor-feeding artery through the ECAS under fluoroscopy, wherein cisplatin 50 mg/m was administered. IACT was performed weekly with neutralization using sodium thiosulfate. Complete response of the primary lesion was achieved in 28/31 (90%) patients. The median follow-up for all patients was 39 months. The 3-year overall survival, progression-free survival, and local control rates were 81.6%, 74.2%, and 83.4%, respectively. Grade 3 and greater toxicities included oral mucositis (45%), neutropenia (39%), nausea (13%), anemia (10%), thrombocytopenia (10%), dry mouth (10%), and fever (3%). There were no severe complications associated with IACT. In conclusion, the ECAS is feasible and effective for locally advanced tongue cancer.
PubMed: 36428625
DOI: 10.3390/cancers14225529 -
Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine 2022Therapies to accelerate vascular repair are currently lacking. Pre-clinical studies suggest that hydrogen sulfide (HS), an endogenous gasotransmitter, promotes...
Therapies to accelerate vascular repair are currently lacking. Pre-clinical studies suggest that hydrogen sulfide (HS), an endogenous gasotransmitter, promotes angiogenesis. Here, we hypothesized that sodium thiosulfate (STS), a clinically relevant source of HS, would stimulate angiogenesis and vascular repair. STS stimulated neovascularization in WT and LDLR receptor knockout mice following hindlimb ischemia as evidenced by increased leg perfusion assessed by laser Doppler imaging, and capillary density in the gastrocnemius muscle. STS also promoted VEGF-dependent angiogenesis in matrigel plugs and in the chorioallantoic membrane of chick embryos. , STS and NaHS stimulated human umbilical vein endothelial cell (HUVEC) migration and proliferation. Seahorse experiments further revealed that STS inhibited mitochondrial respiration and promoted glycolysis in HUVEC. The effect of STS on migration and proliferation was glycolysis-dependent. STS probably acts through metabolic reprogramming of endothelial cells toward a more proliferative glycolytic state. These findings may hold broad clinical implications for patients suffering from vascular occlusive diseases.
PubMed: 36262202
DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.965965 -
Cureus Sep 2022Calciphylaxis is an uncommon vascular disorder that presents with painful skin necrosis due to calcium accumulation in the skin and adipose tissue. It often presents in...
Calciphylaxis is an uncommon vascular disorder that presents with painful skin necrosis due to calcium accumulation in the skin and adipose tissue. It often presents in patients with multiple comorbidities like end-stage renal disease (ESRD) and in patients who are on long-term dialysis. This case highlights the atypical presentation of painless ulceration as seen in our patient. A 68-year-old Caucasian male with a past medical history of ESRD on hemodialysis (HD), diabetes mellitus II, and peripheral vascular disease presented to the hospital with altered mental status and severe left foot necrosis. During the hospital course, the patient developed a painless scrotal wound and eschar with sloughing. The ulcer was non-tender to palpation. Ultrasound identified calcifications in the scrotal tissue and CT of the pelvis without contrast showed extensive calcification of the arterial system. A clinical diagnosis of calciphylaxis was made. Treatment was initiated with sodium thiosulfate. The patient stabilized over the next few days; however, a few days later, the patient was readmitted and unfortunately passed away due to cardiac arrest. This case delineates the atypical presentation of calciphylaxis. Although painful skin necrosis is a well-reported and classic presentation of this disease, the lack of pain perception despite such a severe condition in our patient is of particular interest. This case calls for a closer look into the diagnosis of calciphylaxis, especially in the presence of nontender skin ulcers. This diagnosis should be part of the differential in a patient with ESRD on HD even when the presentation is atypical as early diagnosis and intervention can prevent fatal outcomes.
PubMed: 36237806
DOI: 10.7759/cureus.28958 -
Clinical, Cosmetic and Investigational... 2022Psoriasis is relatively common in clinical practice, whereas niacin deficiency is relatively rare. We describe the clinical case of a patient with plaque psoriasis for...
Psoriasis is relatively common in clinical practice, whereas niacin deficiency is relatively rare. We describe the clinical case of a patient with plaque psoriasis for over 20 years who also had a concomitant latent tuberculosis infection. After secukinumab and anti-tuberculosis treatment for 1 year, the psoriatic rash mostly resolved, but atypical symptoms of niacin deficiency suddenly appeared. The patient's symptoms rapidly subsided after experimental treatment with niacin. After 2 weeks, the patient suddenly developed an erythroderma-like rash, manifesting as large areas of erythema and plaque psoriasis throughout the body. The patient was admitted to the hospital and treated with an anti-inflammatory, biologic adalimumab, tripterygium glycoside, and sodium thiosulfate. The patient was discharged after a week. This case suggests the need for caution and to look out for the emergence of new symptoms when treating patients with moderate-to-severe plaque psoriasis, especially with biologics.
PubMed: 36213316
DOI: 10.2147/CCID.S378591 -
Nefrologia 2022
Topics: Calciphylaxis; Humans; Renal Dialysis; Thiosulfates
PubMed: 36153291
DOI: 10.1016/j.nefroe.2022.09.001 -
Microorganisms Sep 2022is an acetogen that can produce butyrate along with acetate as the main fermentation end-product from methanol, a promising C1 feedstock. Although physiological...
is an acetogen that can produce butyrate along with acetate as the main fermentation end-product from methanol, a promising C1 feedstock. Although physiological characterization of B2 during methylotrophy was previously performed, the strain was cultured in a semi-defined medium, limiting the scope for further metabolic insights. Here, we sequenced the complete genome of the native strain and performed adaptive laboratory evolution to sustain growth on methanol mineral medium. The evolved population significantly improved its maximal growth rate by 3.45-fold. Furthermore, three clones from the evolved population were isolated on methanol mineral medium without cysteine by the addition of sodium thiosulfate. To identify mutations related to growth improvement, the whole genomes of wild-type B2, the 10th, 25th, 50th, and 75th generations, and the three clones were sequenced. We explored the total proteomes of the native and the best evolved clone (n°2) and noticed significant differences in proteins involved in gluconeogenesis, anaplerotic reactions, and sulphate metabolism. Furthermore, a homologous recombination was found in subunit S of the type I restriction-modification system between both strains, changing the structure of the subunit, its sequence recognition and the methylome of the evolved clone. Taken together, the genomic, proteomic and methylomic data suggest a possible epigenetic mechanism of metabolic regulation.
PubMed: 36144392
DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10091790