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Frontiers in Plant Science 2022The dynamics and correlations of chlorophyll and phytol content with silage bacterial of different growth heights were investigated. The results demonstrated that the...
The dynamics and correlations of chlorophyll and phytol content with silage bacterial of different growth heights were investigated. The results demonstrated that the chlorophyll and phytol content of before and after ensiled decreased with the increase of growth height. Ensiling significantly reduced pigment content but had no significant effect on phytol. In addition, pigment yield before and after ensiled increased with growth heights increasing, and the yield at 150 or 180 cm was obviously higher. Moreover, the higher silage quality V-Score were at 150 or 180 cm growth heights. Furthermore, the silage microbial diversity were varied by growth heights, and some specific undesirable microorganisms (, , , etc.) were negatively correlated with pigment and phytol content. Therefore, with comprehensive consideration of pigment, phytol yield, and silage quality, the optimum harvest growth height of was 150 cm. Furthermore, precise reduction of particular undesirable microorganisms maybe helps to preserve pigments and phytol.
PubMed: 36311147
DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.996970 -
World Journal of Microbiology &... Oct 2022Drought severity and duration are expected to increase as a result of ongoing global climate change. Therefore, finding solutions to help plants to deal with drought...
Drought severity and duration are expected to increase as a result of ongoing global climate change. Therefore, finding solutions to help plants to deal with drought stress and to improve growth in the face of limited water resources is critical. In this study, a drought tolerant- plant growth promoting endophytic bacterium was isolated from Aloe vera roots. It was identified as Sphingobacterium changzhouense based on 16S rRNA gene sequencing and was deposited into NCBI database with accession number (ON944028). The effect of S. changzhouense inoculation on maize growth under drought stress was investigated. The results revealed that inoculation significantly (p ≤ 0.05) enhanced root and shoot elongation by 205 and 176.19% respectively. Photosynthesis rate, stomatal conductance and water use efficiency were improved in inoculated plants. interestingly, inoculation resulted in significant increase in total chlorophyll, total carbohydrates, proline, total proteins, total phenolics and total flavonoids by 64, 31.5, 25.1, 75.07, 83.7 and 65.4% respectively. Total antioxidant capacity of inoculated plants (51.2 mg/g FW) was higher than that of non-inoculated plants (11.87 mg/g FW), which was found to be positively correlated to the levels of phenolics and flavonoids. Our finding suggests that S. changzhouense could be used to improve crop growth and assist plants to resist drought stress in arid agricultural lands.
Topics: Droughts; Zea mays; Aloe; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Stress, Physiological; Plants; Flavonoids
PubMed: 36306019
DOI: 10.1007/s11274-022-03441-y -
Microorganisms Oct 2022Polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA), a biodegradable and plastic-like biopolymer, has been receiving research and industrial attention due to severe plastic pollution, resource...
Polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA), a biodegradable and plastic-like biopolymer, has been receiving research and industrial attention due to severe plastic pollution, resource depletion, and global waste issues. This has spurred the isolation and characterisation of novel PHA-producing strains through cultivation and non-cultivation approaches, with a particular interest in genes encoding PHA synthesis pathways. Since sea sponges and sediment are marine benthic habitats known to be rich in microbial diversity, sponge tissues ( and ) and sediment samples were collected in this study from Redang and Bidong islands located in the Malaysian Coral Triangle region. PHA synthase () genes were identified from sediment-associated bacterial strains using a cultivation approach and from sponge-associated bacterial metagenomes using a non-cultivation approach. In addition, phylogenetic diversity profiling was performed for the sponge-associated bacterial community using 16S ribosomal ribonucleic acid (16S rRNA) amplicon sequencing to screen for the potential presence of PHA-producer taxa. A total of three genes from the bacterial metagenome of and three genes from sediment isolates ( UMTKB-6, UMTKB-7, UMTKB-8) were identified. Produced PHA polymers were shown to be composed of 5C to C monomers, with previously unreported PHA-producing ability of the strain, as well as a 3-hydroxyvalerate-synthesising ability without precursor addition by the strain.
PubMed: 36296332
DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10102057 -
Heliyon Oct 2022Biodegradation is the economically viable solution to restore land contaminated by hazardous pollutants such as benzo(a)pyrene (BaP). The present study focuses on the...
Biodegradation is the economically viable solution to restore land contaminated by hazardous pollutants such as benzo(a)pyrene (BaP). The present study focuses on the biodegradation of benzo(a)pyrene by in contaminated soil. The biodegradation kinetics and bacterial growth were evaluated while the biokinetic model that described the benzo(a)pyrene biodegradation was established. The Monod, Haldane, Powell and Edward models were used to model the bacterial growth in benzo(a)pyrene contaminated soil. Excel template was developed with Fourth order Runga-Kutta numerical algorithm to find the biokinetic parameters of the complex non-linear regression model. An Excel Solver function was used to obtain reasonable best-fit values of kinetic parameters. The Haldane and Edward models are well fit to describe the growth trend and model the kinetics of benzo(a)pyrene biodegradation. Enzyme substrate inhibition is the critical factor that affects the benzo(a)pyrene degradation by which the model defines physically. The results demonstrated that removing benzo(a)pyrene showed positive interaction between substrate inhibition, the concentration of benzo(a)pyrene and sorption of the contaminants on soil particles.
PubMed: 36217485
DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e10799 -
Frontiers in Microbiology 2022Jerusalem artichoke (JA) is a fructan-accumulating crop that has gained popularity in recent years. The objective of the present study was to determine the dynamics of...
Jerusalem artichoke (JA) is a fructan-accumulating crop that has gained popularity in recent years. The objective of the present study was to determine the dynamics of the JA-microbiome during storage. The microbial population on the surface of the JA tuber was determined by next-generation sequencing of 16S rRNA amplicons. Subsequently, the changes in carbohydrate and degree of polymerization of fructan in tubers during storage were measured. Among different genotypes of JA varieties, intergeneric differences were observed in the diversity and abundance of bacterial communities distributed on the surface of tubers. Additionally, bacterial diversity was significantly higher in storage-tolerant varieties relative to the storage-intolerant varieties. Redundancy analysis (RDA) and the correlation matrix indicated a relationship between changes in the carbohydrates and microbial community succession during tuber storage. The tuber decay rate correlated positively with the degree of polymerization of fructan. Moreover, and in perishable varieties correlated significantly with the decay rate. Therefore, the bacteria associated with the decay rate may be involved in the degradation of the degree of polymerization of fructan. Furthermore, showed a significant positive correlation with inulin during storage but a negative correlation with the decay rate, suggesting its antagonistic role against pathogenic bacteria on the surface of JA tubers. However, the above correlation was not observed in the storage-tolerant varieties. Functional annotation analysis revealed that storage-tolerant JA varieties maintain tuber quality through enrichment of biocontrol bacteria, including , , and to resist pathogens. These results suggested that crop genotype and the structural composition of carbohydrates may result in differential selective enrichment effects of microbial communities on the surface of JA varieties. In this study, the relationship between microbial community succession and changes in tuber carbohydrates during JA storage was revealed for the first time through the combination of high-throughput sequencing, high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), and high-performance ion-exchange chromatography (HPIC). Overall, the findings of this study are expected to provide new insights into the dynamics of microbial-crop interactions during storage.
PubMed: 36187957
DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.986659 -
Frontiers in Microbiology 2022Root-associated microbial communities are well known for their ability to prime and augment plant defenses that reduce herbivore survival or alter behavior (i.e.,...
Root-associated microbial communities are well known for their ability to prime and augment plant defenses that reduce herbivore survival or alter behavior (i.e., resistance). In contrast, the role root microbes play in plant tolerance to herbivory, an evolutionarily sustainable alternative to resistance, is overlooked. In this study, we aimed to expand our limited understanding of what role rhizosphere microbial communities play in supporting tolerance to insect damage. Using domesticated tomatoes and their wild ancestors ( spp.), we first documented how tobacco hornworm () herbivory impacted tomato fruit production in order to quantify plant tolerance. We then characterized the bacterial and fungal rhizosphere communities harbored by high and low tolerance plants. Wild tomatoes excelled at tolerating hornworm herbivory, experiencing no significant yield loss despite 50% leaf area removal. Their domesticated counterparts, on the other hand, suffered 26% yield losses under hornworm herbivory, indicating low tolerance. Ontogeny (i.e., mid- vs. late-season sampling) explained the most variation in rhizosphere community structure, with tomato line, tolerance, and domestication status also shaping rhizosphere communities. Fungal and bacterial community traits that associated with the high tolerance line include (1) high species richness, (2) relatively stable community composition under herbivory, and (3) the relative abundance of taxa belonging to , , and . Characterizing tolerance-associating microbiomes may open new avenues through which plant defenses are amended in pest management, such as plant breeding efforts that enhance crop recruitment of beneficial microbiomes.
PubMed: 36187948
DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.981987 -
Microorganisms Aug 2022Several diseases affect the productivity of olive trees, including root rot disease caused by genera. Chemical fungicides, which are often used to manage this disease,...
Several diseases affect the productivity of olive trees, including root rot disease caused by genera. Chemical fungicides, which are often used to manage this disease, have harmful side effects on humans as well as environmental components. Biological management is a promising control approach that has shown its great potential as an efficient eco-friendly alternative to treating root rot diseases. In the present study, the antagonistic activity of ten bacterial isolates was tested both in vitro and in planta against , the causal agent of olive root rot disease. These bacterial isolates belonging to the genera , , , , and were chosen for their potential antimicrobial effects against many pathogens. Results of the in vitro confrontation bioassay revealed a high reduction of mycelial growth exceeding 80%. The antifungal effect of the volatile organic compounds (VOCs) was observed for all the isolates, with mycelial inhibition rates ranging from 28.37 to 70.32%. Likewise, the bacterial cell-free filtrates showed important inhibition of the mycelial growth of the pathogen. Overall, their efficacy was substantially affected by the nature of the bacterial strains and their modes of action. A greenhouse test was then carried out to validate the in vitro results. Interestingly, two bacterial isolates, ACBC1 and SF14, were the most successful in managing the disease. Our findings suggested that these two antagonistic bacterial isolates have promising potential as biocontrol agents of olive root rot disease.
PubMed: 36014053
DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10081635 -
Frontiers in Medicine 2022Most colorectal cancer (CRC) cases are sporadic and develop along the adenoma-carcinoma sequence. Intestinal microbial dysbiosis is involved in the development of...
BACKGROUND
Most colorectal cancer (CRC) cases are sporadic and develop along the adenoma-carcinoma sequence. Intestinal microbial dysbiosis is involved in the development of colorectal cancer. However, there are still no absolute markers predicting the progression from adenoma to carcinoma. This study aimed to investigate the characteristics of intestinal microbiota in patients with colorectal adenoma and carcinoma and its correlations with clinical characteristics.
METHODS
Fecal samples were collected from 154 patients with CRC, 20 patients with colorectal adenoma (AD) and 199 healthy controls. To analyze the differences in the intestinal microbiota, 16S rRNA gene sequencing was conducted.
RESULTS
At the genus level, there were four significantly different genera among the three groups, namely Acidaminococcus, Alloprevotella, Mycoplasma, and Sphingobacterium, while Acidaminococcus significantly decreased with the order of Control-AD-CRC ( < 0.05). In addition, Parvimonas, Peptostreptococcus, Prevotella, Butyricimonas, Alistipes, and Odoribacter were the key genera in the network of colorectal adenoma/carcinoma-associated bacteria. The top 10 most important species, including , , , , , , , , and , showed the best performance in distinguishing AD from CRC (AUC = 85.54%, 95% CI: 78.83-92.25%). The clinicopathologic features, including age, gender, tumor location, differentiation degree, and TNM stage, were identified to be closely linked to the intestinal microbiome in CRC.
CONCLUSION
Several intestinal bacteria changed along the adenoma-carcinoma sequence and might be the potential markers for the diagnosis and treatment of colorectal adenoma/carcinoma. Intestinal microbiota characteristics in CRC should account for the host factors.
PubMed: 35935780
DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.888340 -
Microbial Biotechnology Oct 2022Black soldier fly (BSF) larvae are considered a promising biological reactor to convert organic waste and reduce the impact of zoonotic pathogens on the environment. We...
Black soldier fly (BSF) larvae are considered a promising biological reactor to convert organic waste and reduce the impact of zoonotic pathogens on the environment. We analysed the effects of BSF larvae on Staphylococcus aureus and Salmonella spp. populations in pig manure (PM), which showed that BSF larvae can significantly reduce the counts of the associated S. aureus and Salmonella spp. Then, using a sterile BSF larval system, we validated the function of BSF larval intestinal microbiota in vivo to suppress pathogens, and lastly, we isolated eight bacterial strains from the BSF larval gut that inhibit S. aureus. Results indicated that functional microbes are essential for BSF larvae to antagonise S. aureus. Moreover, the analysis results of the relationship between the intestinal microbiota and S. aureus and Salmonella spp. showed that Myroides, Tissierella, Oblitimonas, Paenalcalignes, Terrisporobacter, Clostridium, Fastidiosipila, Pseudomonas, Ignatzschineria, Savagea, Moheibacter and Sphingobacterium were negatively correlated with S. aureus and Salmonella. Overall, these results suggested that the potential ability of BSF larvae to inhibit S. aureus and Salmonella spp. present in PM is accomplished primarily by gut-associated microorganisms.
Topics: Animals; Diptera; Gastrointestinal Microbiome; Larva; Manure; Staphylococcus aureus; Swine
PubMed: 35881487
DOI: 10.1111/1751-7915.14113 -
Cureus Jun 2022(SS) is a ubiquitous gram-negative organism and an uncommon cause of infection in humans. To our knowledge, there are no reported cases of this bacterium causing...
(SS) is a ubiquitous gram-negative organism and an uncommon cause of infection in humans. To our knowledge, there are no reported cases of this bacterium causing spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP) in patients with cirrhosis. In this report, we discuss a case of a male patient in his late 60s who presented with severe sepsis from methicillin-resistant (MRSA) in whom SS was subsequently identified via ascitic fluid culture. This unusual organism is known to have an innate resistance to multiple antibiotics and can cause life-threatening sepsis in cases of delayed or missed diagnosis. Clinicians should not be weighed down by anchoring bias and look for alternative, uncommon gram-negative organisms in cases of progressive sepsis in patients with ascites.
PubMed: 35865420
DOI: 10.7759/cureus.26053