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Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) May 2023To retrospective analysis and summary the features of tuberous vas deferens tuberculosis (VD TB) and inguinal metastatic lymph nodes (MLN) in routine ultrasound (US) and...
PURPOSE
To retrospective analysis and summary the features of tuberous vas deferens tuberculosis (VD TB) and inguinal metastatic lymph nodes (MLN) in routine ultrasound (US) and contrast-enhanced US (CEUS) as well as to assess the utility of CEUS in differentiating between the two diseases.
METHODS
The US and CEUS findings of patients with pathologically confirmed tuberous VD TB ( = 17) and inguinal MLN ( = 28), including the number of lesions, presence of bilateral disease, differences in internal echogenicity, a conglomeration of lesions, and blood flow within the lesions, were retrospectively analyzed.
RESULTS
Routine US showed no significant difference in the number of lesions, nodule size, internal echogenicity, sinus tract, or skin rupture; however, significant differences were observed between the two conditions in the conglomeration of lesions (χ = 6.455; = 0.023) and the degree, intensity, and echogenicity pattern on CEUS (χ = 18.865, 17.455, and 15.074, respectively; = 0.000 for all).
CONCLUSIONS
CEUS can show the blood supply of the lesion, and judge the physical condition of the lesion better than US. Homogeneous, centripetal, and diffuse enhancement should prompt a diagnosis of inguinal MLN, whereas lesions with heterogeneous and diffuse enhancement on CEUS should be considered as VD TB. CEUS has great diagnostic value in differentiating between tuberous VD TB and inguinal MLN.
PubMed: 37238246
DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics13101762 -
Animals : An Open Access Journal From... Apr 2023The objective was to characterize morphological, morphometric, and ultrastructural changes in rhea spermatozoa between the epididymis and the vas deferens. Sperm samples...
The objective was to characterize morphological, morphometric, and ultrastructural changes in rhea spermatozoa between the epididymis and the vas deferens. Sperm samples were collected from the reproductive tracts of seven adult individuals and evaluated for sperm characteristics using brightfield microscopy as well as ultrastructural features using scanning electron microscopy (SM). Mean sperm count tended to increase in the vas deferens (378.0 ± 135.0 × 10) compared to the epididymis (201.0 ± 77.4 × 10). Percentages of motile sperm grew from 37.0 ± 4.9% in the epididymis to 58.5 ± 7.7% in the vas deferens. The proportion of normal spermatozoa was 75.6 ± 1.8% and most common defects were bent tails (9.7 ± 0.9%). However, these proportions were not different between epididymis and vas deferens. SM analysis revealed further features of rhea spermatozoa. Normal rhea spermatozoa were threadlike with an acrosome (0.95 ± 0.0 µm), head (7.53 ± 0.01 µm), midpiece (2.08 ± 0.01 µm), and tail (30.7 ± 0.06 µm). Lengths of sperm acrosome, head, midpiece, and tail were longer in the vas deferens compared to the epididymis. Our findings suggest that rhea spermatozoa undergo a maturation process during the passage from the epididymis to the vas deferens.
PubMed: 37174520
DOI: 10.3390/ani13091483 -
Journal of Advanced Veterinary and... Mar 2023The percentage of infertility cases in this world is about 50%. Seahorses ( spp.) are widely used in traditional medicine. Several studies suggest that seahorses have...
OBJECTIVE
The percentage of infertility cases in this world is about 50%. Seahorses ( spp.) are widely used in traditional medicine. Several studies suggest that seahorses have ethnopharmacological characteristics, such as fertility, antioxidants, and antifatigue. The purpose of this study was to determine whether seahorse extract (SE) ( L.) has an effect on fertility and serum biochemistry in rats induced by depo medroxyprogesterone acetate (DMPA).
MATERIALS AND METHODS
All animals were induced with 1.25 mg/kg BW of DMPA. Animals were grouped into five groups: namely aquadest, 1% CMC, and SE doses of 150, 225, and 300 mg/kg BW. The rats were gavage every morning from week 7 until 18. At the end of our study, semen from the vas deferens and blood from the heart were analyzed. We analyzed with a one-way analysis of variance and Bonferroni's post hoc tests (α 95%).
RESULTS
The concentration of spermatozoa had a significant difference in dose of 150 mg/kg BW compared to other groups ( 0.04). In contrast, the motility ( = 0.012) and viability of spermatozoa ( 0.007) were highly significant differences ( 0.05 and 0.01) at 300 mg/kg BW. Testosterone levels were not significantly ( = 0.162; > 0.05), but tended to increase at 300 mg/kg BW (11.01%). Nevertheless, serum biochemistry was insignificant ( 0.05) in all groups.
CONCLUSION
SE ( L.) ameliorates fertility and serum biochemistry in rats induced by DMPA.
PubMed: 37155542
DOI: 10.5455/javar.2023.j661 -
Asian Journal of Andrology Nov 2023Vasectomy damage is a common complication of open nonmesh hernia repair. This study was a retrospective analysis of the characteristics and possible causes of vas...
Vasectomy damage is a common complication of open nonmesh hernia repair. This study was a retrospective analysis of the characteristics and possible causes of vas deferens injuries in patients exhibiting unilateral or bilateral vasal obstruction caused by open nonmesh inguinal herniorrhaphy. The site of the obstructed vas deferens was intraoperatively confirmed. Data, surgical methods, and patient outcomes were examined. The Anderson-Darling test was applied to test for Gaussian distribution of data. Fisher's exact test or Mann-Whitney U test and unpaired t-test were used for statistical analyses. The mean age at operation was 7.23 (standard deviation [s.d.]: 2.09) years and the mean obstructive interval was 17.72 (s.d.: 2.73) years. Crossed (n = 1) and inguinal ( n = 42) vasovasostomies were performed. The overall patency rate was 85.3% (29/34). Among the 43 enrolled patients (mean age: 24.95 [s.d.: 2.20] years), 73 sides of their inguinal regions were explored. The disconnected end of the vas deferens was found in the internal ring on 54 sides (74.0%), was found in the inguinal canal on 16 sides (21.9%), and was found in the pelvic cavity on 3 sides (4.1%). Location of the vas deferens injury did not significantly differ according to age at the time of hernia surgery ( ≥ 12 years or <12 years) or obstructive interval (≥15 years or <15 years). These results underscore that high ligation of the hernial sac warrants extra caution by surgeons during open nonmesh inguinal herniorrhaphy.
Topics: Male; Humans; Young Adult; Adult; Child; Vas Deferens; Herniorrhaphy; Retrospective Studies; Hernia, Inguinal; Iatrogenic Disease; Laparoscopy
PubMed: 37147939
DOI: 10.4103/aja202312 -
Insects Mar 2023The gross anatomy of the male reproductive structures and their associated musculature are described in the blood-gorging vector of Chagas disease, . The male...
The Male Reproductive System of the Kissing Bug, Stål, 1859 (Hemiptera: Reduviidae: Triatominae): Arrangements of the Muscles and the Myoactivity of the Selected Neuropeptides.
The gross anatomy of the male reproductive structures and their associated musculature are described in the blood-gorging vector of Chagas disease, . The male reproductive system is composed of muscular tissues each performing contractions that aid in the movement of sperm out of the testis into the vas deferens, seminal vesicle and then into the ejaculatory duct, along with proteins and lipids from the transparent and opaque accessory glands. Phalloidin staining shows the various patterns of muscle fiber layers, from thin circular to more complex crisscross patterns, implying subtle differences in the form of the contractions and movement of each of the structures, allowing for waves of contractions or twisting patterns. The transcripts for the receptors for proctolin, myosuppressin (RhoprMS) and for the extended FMRFamides are expressed in the various regions of the reproductive system, and the nerve processes extending over the reproductive structures are positive for FMRFamide-like immunoreactivity, as are neurosecretory cells lying on the nerves. Proctolin and AKDNFIRFamide are strong stimulators for the frequency of the contractions, and RhoprMS can inhibit the proctolin-induced contractions. Taken together, this work implicates these two families of peptides in coordinating the male reproductive structures for the successful transfer of sperm and the associated accessory gland fluid to the female during copulation.
PubMed: 37103139
DOI: 10.3390/insects14040324